Response Relationship between the Seasonal Freezing-Thawing Process of Soil and Spatial Factor Changes in the Dayekou Basin of the Qilian Mountains

Objective: In this study, the influence and response relationship between the seasonal freezing-thawing process of soil and the spatial factor changes in the management and utilization of water resource processes were explored. Methods: The monitoring equipment in this study was arranged at different altitudes, gradients, and slope directions, such as the typical forest sample area in the Dayekou Basin of the Qilian Mountains. The spatial variation characteristics of the seasonal freezing-thawing process of the soil were analyzed, and a regression model was established. Results: 1) The results of this study determined that the rate of the soil’s freezing increased with the altitude in a trend of volatility. However, the rate of the thawing of the frozen soil was found to have an opposite trend. The variation degree of the freezing-thawing process increased with the altitude in a trend of volatility. The end time of the approximate soil freezing with altitude increased in a volatility trend ahead of schedule. However, the opposite was observed in the thawing rate of the frozen soil;2) The rate of the soil’s freezing under the mosses of the spruce forest at an altitude of 3028 m was found to be the lowest. However, in the sub-alpine scrub forest at an altitude of 3300 m, a maximum in the spatial ordering was observed, with an average of 1.9 cm·d-1. The thawing rate of the frozen soil in scrub-spruce forest at an altitude of 3300 m was found to be minimal. However, in the sunny slope grassland at an altitude of 2946 m, a maximum in the spatial ordering was observed, with an average of 1.5 cm·d-1. In the spatial ordering of the variation degree of the process of freezing-thawing with an average of 1.2, the scrub-grassland at an altitude of 2518 m was found to be the lowest, and the scrub-spruce forest at an altitude of 3195 m was also low;3) The soil freezing began on approximately October 20th, and the rate of soil freezing gradually became reduced. The arrival time of the frozen soil of up to 150 cm in depth in sub-alpine scrub forest was first observed at an altitude of 3028 m. However, the scrub-spruce forest at an altitude of 3100 m did not become frozen until approximately January 12th on average. Then, the thawing rate of the frozen soil increased gradually. The end time of the thawing was earliest observed in the sunny slope grassland at an altitude of 2946 m. However, the scrub-spruce forest at an altitude of 3100 m was found to be the last to thaw, and averaged approximately July 27th. The average durations of the freezing and thawing of the soil were 77 and 121 days, respectively, and the average duration of the entire process of freezing-thawing was 199 days;4) This study’s established regression models of the duration time of frozen soil’s thaw, and the rate of frozen soil’s thaw, all passed the R test of goodness of fit, F test of variance, and t test. Conclusions: The characteristics of the seasonal freezing-thawing process of the soil with the spatial changes were seasonal. However, the characteristics under the different spatial factor influences were not the same.

From Flysch to Molasse—Sedimentary and Tectonic Evolution of Late Caledonian -Early Hercynian Foreland Basin in North Qilian Mountains

The Late Caledonian to Early Hercynian North Qilian orogenic belt in no rthwestern China is an elongate tectonic unit situated between the North China p late in the north and the Qaidam plate in the south. North Qilian started in the latest Proterozoic to Cambrian as a rift basin on the southern margin of North China, and evolved later to an archipelagic ocean and active continental margin during the Ordovician and a foreland basin from Silurian to the Early and Middle Devonian. The Early Silurian flysch and submarine alluvial fan, the Middle to L ate Silurian shallow marine to tidal flat deposits and the Early and Middle Devo nian terrestrial molasse are developed along the corridor Nanshan. The shallowin g upward succession from subabyssal flysch, shallow marine, tidal flat to terre strial molasse and its gradually narrowed regional distribution demonstrate that the foreland basin experienced the transition from flysch stage to molasse stag e during the Silurian and Devonian time.

Study of temperature and precipitation change in upstream mountain area of the Hexi inland river basin since 1960s

All rivers in the Hexi inland region of Gansu Province, China, originate from the northern slope of the Qilian Mountains. They are located in the southern portion of the region and respectively belong to the three large river systems from east to west, the Shiyang, Heihe and Shule river basins. These rivers are supplied by precipitation, snowmelt and ice-melt runoff from the Qilian Mountain area. Therefore, changes of precipitation and temperature in the upstream watersheds of these rivers have an important effect on changes of mountainous runoff and reasonable utilization of water resources in this region. For this reason, the Qilian Mountain area, upstream watersheds and runoff forming areas of these rivers are chosen as the study area. The change characteristics and variation trend of temperature and precipitation in this area under the backdrop of global warming axe analyzed based on observa- tional data of relational weather and hydrologic stations in the area. Results show that temperatures in the upriver mountain areas of these three large river basins have been increasing, although the increasing degree is differentially affected by global warming. The rising extent of annual and seasonal temperatures in the upstream mountain area of the Shule river basin located in the west- em Qilian Mountains, were all largest over the past 50 years. Precipitation in the upstream mountain areas of Hexi region＇ three river basins located respectively in the western, middle and eastern Qilian Mountains have been presenting an increasing trend to varying degrees as a whole for more than 50 years. This means that climate in the upstream mountain areas of Hexi region＇ three river basins are becoming increasingly warmer and moister over the past 50 years, which will be very good for the ecological en- vironment and agricultural production in the region.

Isotope Method for Confined Groundwater Recharge of the Lower Reaches of the Heihe River,Inner Mongolia,China

Environmental isotopes have been appfied to analyze confined groundwater recharge in the lower reaches of the Heihe River, Inner Mongolia. CFC is regarded as a tracer that determines the date of groundwater, the date being less than 45 a. The confined groundwater within the Gurinai area and Ejin Basin other than the surface water of Heihe River might have originated from precipitation from Qilian Mountain or/and the Tibetan Plateau. The deep confined groundwater overflows into an upper aquifer and emerges into the ground, forming springs and lakes within the low-lying area. The recharge volume is estimated to be around 400 million-cubic meters.

Progress of Deep Geological Survey Project under the China Geological Survey

Serving as a way to understand the material composition,structure,and dynamic process of the Earth's interior,deep earth exploration is driven by not only mankind's pursuit of natural mysteries but also mankind's basic need to obtain resources and guarantee economic and social development.The first phase of deep earth exploration of China(SinoProbe)was carried out from 2008 to 2016 and tremendous results were achieved.In 2016,the China Geological Survey launched a Deep Geological Survey Project(also referred to as the Project)to continuously explore the deep Earth.Focusing on the national energy resources strategy,the Belt and Road Initiative,and major basic issues of the geological survey,the Project was carried out in Songliao Basin(an important energy base in China)and major geological boundaries and tectonic units including Qilian Mountains-Tianshan Mountains and Qinzhou-Hangzhou juncture belt.The purpose of it is to reveal the process,structure,and forming patterns of the deep ore deposits and petroleum reservoirs,clarify the evolutionary pattern and controlling factors of Mesozoic environmental climate,and discover deep fine structures of key orogens,basins,and mountains by comprehensive geophysical exploration and scientific drilling.Great achievements have been obtained after more than three years of efforts,including a cumulative 1552 km of deep seismic reflection profiles and magnetotelluric profiles,an ultra-deep continental scientific crilling well,a scientific drilling pilot hole,and a magnetotelluric array and a portable broadband seismic array,both of which cover South China.Moreover,significant progress has been made in ultra-deep drilling technology,deep oil and gas discovery in Songliao Basin,and basic geological issues of Qilian Orogen and Qinzhou-Hangzhou juncture belt in South China,greatly accelerating the deep earth exploration in China and further consolidating China's position as a power in deep earth exploration.

祁连山国家公园(甘肃片区)土地利用时空演变及驱动因素分析——以黑河流域为例

黑河发源于祁连山北麓,黑河流域拥有丰富的生态资源,但受气候变化和人类活动的影响,生态风险明显增加。本文以黑河流域为例,分析2009—2018年祁连山国家公园(甘肃片区)土地利用时空演变,指出生态保护存在的主要问题,然后提出政策建议,以推动生态修复,遏制生态退化。总体来说,要强化监管,长效维持生态修复成果;加强管护能力,提升林区队伍专业化水平;提高居民生态意识,减少人类活动对环境的负面影响;开展综合治理,加速生态修复。

Magnetostratigraphy of the late Cenozoic Laojunmiao anticline in the northern Qilian Mountains and its implications for the northern Tibetan Plateau uplift

Cenozoic sediments in the foreland basin--Jiuquan Basin in west Hexi Corridor recorded tectonic uplift information of the Qilian Mountains. High resolution paleomagnetic dating of the Laojunmiao (LJM) section across the central LJM anticline in the southern Jiuquan Basin reveals ages of the Getanggou Member, Niugetao Member in the Shulehe Formation, the Yumen Conglomerate, Jiuquan Conglomerate and Gobi Formation at >13-8.3 Ma, 8.3-4.9 Ma, 3.66-0.93 Ma, 0.84-0.14 Ma and 0.14-0 Ma, respectively. Sedimentary evolution study suggests that the Qilian Mountains should begin to rise gradually since ～8-6.6 Ma, accompanied by sedimentary environments changing from lacustrine mudstones-sandstones to alluvial conglomerates. Rapid uplift of the Qilian Mountains began at ～3.66 Ma, followed by a series of stepwise or intermittent intensive uplifts at about <1.8-1.23 Ma, 0.93-0.84 Ma and 0.14 Ma, which finally resulted in the present high Qilian Mountains.

Snowline and Snow Cover Monitoring at High Spatial Resolution in a Mountainous River Basin Based on a Timelapse Camera at a Daily Scale

Snowline change and snow cover distribution patterns are still poorly understood in steep alpine basins of the Qilian Mountainous region because fast changes in snow cover cannot be observed by current sensing methods due to their short time scale. To address this issue of daily snowline and snow cover observations, a ground- based EOS 7D camera and four infrared digital hunting video cameras （LTL5210A） were installed around the Hulugou river basin （HRB） in the Qilian Mountains along northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau （38°15′54″N, 99°52′53″E） in September 2011. Pictures taken with the EOS 7D camera were georeferenced and the data from four LIL521oA cameras and snow depth sensors were used to assist snow cover estimation. The results showed that the time-lapse photography can be very useful and precise for monitoring snowline and snow cover in mountainous regions. The snowline and snow cover evolution at this basin can be precisely captured at daily scale. In HRB snow cover is mainly established after October, and the maximum snow cover appeared during February and March. The consistent rise of the snowline and decrease in snow cover appeared after middle part of March. This melt process is strongly associated with air temperature increase.

祁连造山带构造演化与新生代变形历史

祁连造山带位于东特提斯北缘,蛇绿混杂岩带、(超)高压变质岩和弧岩浆岩等广泛发育,是前新生代华北克拉通与柴达木古地块之间多期次俯冲、碰撞和造山形成的复合造山带。现今的祁连山是青藏高原北缘高原隆升与扩展的关键构造带,具有复杂的陆内变形构造和深部结构,记录了新生代高原生长过程中不同阶段的构造变形和盆山演化历史。本文在区域地质研究资料的综合分析基础上,讨论祁连造山带元古宙变质基底属性、新元古代—古生代古海洋演化和中—新生代构造变形特征,探讨祁连(山)造山带的构造演化过程和陆内变形历史。祁连造山带发育新元古代早期和早古生代两期岩浆弧,分别代表了古祁连洋和(南、北)祁连洋的俯冲碰撞事件;亲华北的基底属性指示了祁连洋实属陆缘海。新生代青藏高原东北缘发育两阶段构造变形和盆山演化,在中新世完成了由新生代早期以逆冲断裂活动为主向走滑断裂和逆冲断裂共同作用的转变,随着东昆仑山的快速隆起将古近纪大盆地隔开成两个盆地,即现今的柴达木盆地和可可西里盆地。中新世中晚期以来,青藏高原东北缘的构造格局主要受控于东昆仑和海原两个近乎平行的大型转换挤压构造系统的发育、顺时针旋转和侧向生长。大型走滑断裂系统在造山带内的生长过程与发育机制是陆内变形研究的中心问题,需要进一步的定量化研究。

祁连山讨赖河流域上游积雪时空分布及其变化研究

积雪是冰冻圈的重要组成部分,在水文循环和能量平衡中起着重要的作用。积雪时空分布及其变化分析是研究内陆河流域出山径流形成、分布及变异的前提。论文以祁连山讨赖河流域上游为研究区,采用降尺度方法获取高分辨率雪深数据,并基于Sen斜率法、敏感性分析和贡献率计算方法,分析2002—2018年间雪深时空变化,揭示积雪对地形及气候等因子的响应规律。结果表明:讨赖河流域上游雪深介于0~2.50 cm之间,变率介于-0.19~0.06 cm·a^(-1)之间,域内雪深减小面积占比68.30%。雪深随海拔的增大而增加,以海拔2 500 m为界发生增减变化,高海拔地区呈减小趋势;雪深随坡度增加则呈先增后减的趋势;各坡向雪深均呈减小态势,西北坡尤为显著。从敏感性均值来看,气温和辐射对雪深具负向抑减效应,降水则具正向促增效应。高海拔区域降水对积雪变化的贡献率相对较大;低海拔河谷地带气温对积雪变化的贡献更为显著。本研究为内陆河流域上游积雪动态研究提供了范例,对出山径流模拟、预测以及流域水资源管理具有一定参考价值。

祁连山排露沟流域径流对气候及下垫面变化的响应

在全球气候变暖和人类活动的共同影响下,中国西北干旱半干旱区水循环变化与水资源再分配正在改变区域生态环境。在长时间序列尺度上,仍缺乏对西北内陆河径流变化机制与特征时空格局的统一认识。本研究以祁连山排露沟流域为试验区,基于量水堰实测长序列径流数据,采用线性回归法、Mann-Kendall、滑动t、Pettitt和累积距平等检验方法,分析排露沟流域1994—2020年径流序列的变化趋势和突变年份;以气象站监测和人工潜在蒸发观测数据为基础,采用Budyko假设水热耦合平衡模型对排露沟流域径流量变化趋势进行归因分析;以固定样地2003—2021年每木检尺数据,采用材积源生物量法,对排露沟流域15个乔木固定样地的1017棵青海云杉的碳密度进行估算。结果表明:(1)1994—2020年排露沟流域径流量波动变化,丰枯交替,但整体呈现增加趋势,2006年径流发生突变,突变后的年平均径流量增加了9.53×10^(4) m^(3),增加率为34.88%。(2)在2007—2020年的突变期,排露沟流域径流对降水、潜在蒸发和流域下垫面参数的弹性系数分别为3.15、-0.70和-0.68,且各因子对径流的贡献率分别为87.92%、19.97%和-7.89%,表明径流量对降水量变化最为敏感,气候因子中潜在蒸发对径流的影响大于流域下垫面的变化。(3)2003—2021年排露沟流域青海云杉平均碳密度为63.09 Mg C·hm^(-2),平均每年增长速率为1.94%。在人类活动干扰较小的条件下,森林植被的碳储量和碳密度变化是引起流域下垫面参数波动的主要原因。研究结果可为流域管理部门制定自然资源保护与水资源合理分配及调用方案提供科学依据,为生态环境保护部门在权衡林水效益方面提供参考。

昌马盆地内发现活动正断层

昌马盆地为祁连山西端的山间盆地,前人一直关注其周边断裂(如昌马断裂)的构造变形,盆地内部变形则鲜有研究。基于遥感解译和野外考察、探槽开挖、差分GPS和放射性碳(14 C)测年等方法,发现昌马盆地西北部的一条活动断层。断层长约4 km,总体走向NEE,倾向SE,倾角陡立,断层地貌表现为陡坎、复陡坎、断层沟槽等,陡坎高度0~5.6 m,由WS向NE逐渐增大。断层运动性质以正断为主,最新活动时代为全新世,并识别出2期古地震事件:6670~6885 a B.P.和26330~26915 a B.P.。研究结果表明,在青藏高原东北缘向NE方向挤压扩展的背景下,祁连山造山带发生NW-SE向伸展,导致其西端受到SE向拉张作用而形成正断层。

Forming age and tectono-petrogenises of the Jiugequan ophiolite in the North Qilian Mountain,NW China

The Jiugequan ophiolite is one of the representative ophiolite fragments in the Early Paleozoic orogenic belt of the North Qilian Mountain.It has been drawn much attention and extensively studied in recent years.In this study,ion microprobe(SHRIMP) U-Pb dating was carried out for zircons from isotropic gabbro from the Jiugequan ophiolite.Eighteen analyses yield a relatively consistent apparent 206Pb/238U ages from 480 to 508 Ma with a weighted mean age of 490±5 Ma(MSWD=1.06),which is believed to be the crystallization age of the gabbro and thus the forming age of the Jiugequan ophiolite.Major and trace element geochemical study indicates that the diabase-basalts from the Jiugequan ophiolite have N-MORB and E-MORB characteristics with some subduction-related signatures.The petrological,geochemical and chronological data enable us to conclude that the Jiugequan ophiolite is most likely to be formed at a spreading center of back-arc basin during the early Ordovician,while the ancient Qilian oceanic plate subducted northwards.The acquisition of forming age and determination of tectonic setting for Jiugequan ophiolite provide significant constraints on the evolution of intra-oceanic subduction system in the North Qilian orogenic belt during the Early Paleozoic era.

祁连山中段大野口流域不同植被土壤有机碳和理化性质变化特征研究

为了加大对祁连山生态系统保护力度,在祁连山中段大野口流域进行了4种植被土壤有机碳和理化性质变化特性的研究。结果表明:4种植被土壤剖面0~40 cm土层有机碳含量、总孔隙度、水稳性团聚体和CEC均值排序为亚高山草甸植被>山地森林草原植被>山地草原植被>山地荒漠植被,容重和pH均值排序为山地荒漠植被>山地草原植被>山地森林草原植被>亚高山草甸植被。亚高山草甸植被比其他植被更有利于提高土壤有机碳含量、总孔隙度、水稳性团聚体和CEC,与山地森林草原植被、山地草原植被和山地荒漠植被比较,0~40 cm土层有机碳均值分别提高了1.16、5.50和7.43倍,总孔隙度均值分别增大了2.86%、7.46%和8.27%;水稳性团聚体均值分别增加了8.32%、15.38%和24.41%;CEC均值分别增加了4.58%、19.71%和44.72%。山地荒漠植被比其他植被更有利于提高土壤容重和pH,与山地草原植被、山地森林草原植被和亚高山草甸植被比较,0~40 cm土层容重均值分别增大了0.76%、5.60%和9.09%,pH均值分别增大了1.39%、1.91%和2.56%。祁连山中段大野口流域的亚高山草甸植被比其他植被更有利于降低土壤容重和pH值。

祁连山大野口流域青海云杉林分结构及其土壤水热特征分析

在祁连山区，由于冻土的存在，在关注林分结构与土壤含水量关系的同时，还应该关注林分结构与土壤温度的关系，因为土壤温度调节着土壤水的形态（冻土水或消融水）及其植物的生长。为此，选择祁连山较典型的大野口流域，在各支流建立49块典型的青海云杉Picea crassifolia样地进行树高、树冠、胸径、土壤含水量、土壤温度等野外调查；采用特征描述统计、多度分析、相关系数等方法，对林分结构及其土壤水热特征进行分析，结果表明：（1）从水平结构来看，胸径断面和冠幅投影面积与所在陆面面积比值为0.31%和25.58%，从垂直结构来看，树高、冠长分别为1.10 m·m-2和0.71 m·m-2。（2）径级从1-5 cm到26-30 cm、高度级从2-4 m到18-20 m、冠长级从2-4 m到12-14 m、冠幅级从2-4 m到4-6 m，其多度分别为89.4%、94.4%、77.8%和82.7%。（3）从相关系数分析来看，海拔对树高影响较大，对冠长影响较小，与其他因子不相关；坡向对冠幅影响最大，对冠长、树高影响较小；坡度对这些因子几乎没有影响。胸径与树高、冠长、冠幅、树龄均中度正相关；郁闭度或林分密度与土壤含水率低度负相关，胸径和树高与40-60 cm深处的土壤含水率相关性最大，与0-10 cm和10-20 cm的相关性最小；郁闭度、冠长和冠幅对40-60 cm深处的土壤温度相关性最大，胸径和树高与土壤温度负相关。在寒区旱区，林分的水平结构、垂直结构、多度及其海拔、坡度、坡向与土壤含水量和土壤温度存在一定的关系，通过相互关系的探讨，为进一步研究林分结构与土壤水源涵养功能机理提供参考资料，为生态建设中林分结构调整与水源涵养功能的可持续发挥提供科学依据。

第四纪以来酒泉盆地环境演变与祁连山隆升

地处青藏高原东北缘的祁连山系是晚新生代以来构造隆升的结果,酒泉盆地的沉积记录了祁连山隆升的过程;第四纪以来,在青藏高原强烈隆升的影响下,酒泉盆地的古地理环境演化变迁经历了漫长和复杂的过程。本文主要依据区内祁连山的冰期及冰川变化、第四纪地层特征及历史文化记录,结合酒泉黄泥堡乡第四纪研究钻孔资料中的孢粉分析成果等,在酒泉盆地第四纪以来建立了交替演化的12个寒冷期和12个温暖期,并分析了酒泉盆地第四纪沉积所记录的环境演变与祁连山隆升之间的关系,认为第四纪以来2500ka左右的“青藏运动B幕”之后,900ka左右的“昆仑-黄河运动”之后和150ka左右的“共和运动”之后随着青藏高原及祁连山的不断隆升,酒泉盆地的气候环境发生了三次大的转型。

用同位素方法研究额济纳盆地承压含水层地下水的补给

本文通过环境同位素、温度、电导率和人工示踪等方法研究了黑河下游古日乃和额济纳盆地深部承压水的补给源 ,初步揭示了额济纳盆地承压水来自于祁连山的降水 ,是部分祁连山西端雪水直接渗入山前的深大断裂 ,在玉门宽滩山一带注入与之相交的阿尔金断裂 ,然后继续向东补给至巴丹吉林沙漠 ,并顺着古日乃断层补给到额济纳盆地。通过蒸发量计算得到的补给量为 5× 10 8m3/a。黑河流域承压水中的 T(氚 )为 17.8～ 0 .1TU ,地下水的年龄与取样孔的位置有关 ,靠近强渗漏带附近的地下水的年龄只有 2 0～ 30 a。古日乃、拐子湖的湖泊、泉、沼泽等消失的主要原因是由于 5 0 a来温度升高、蒸发量增加和下游抽水量增大的原因。该项研究对于重新认识额济纳盆地、古日乃、巴丹吉林沙漠的地下水补给与黑河下游水资源调度。

柴达木盆地北缘新元古代蛇绿岩的厘定——罗迪尼亚大陆裂解的证据?

柴达木盆地北缘鱼卡河及绿梁山一带“奥陶纪”滩涧山群中分出一套“新元古代”的蛇绿岩组合,主要由玄武质(枕状)熔岩、岩墙群、辉长岩等古洋壳岩石组成,其中以MORB和岛弧玄武岩为主,岩石变质程度达角闪岩相。蛇绿岩洋壳的Rb-Sr同位素等时线年龄值为768Ma±39Ma,Sm-Nd同位素等时线年龄值780Ma±22Ma。这套古洋壳岩石与典型的奥陶纪(约500Ma)火山岩不同,后者主要为中基性岛弧火山岩,岩石仅发生轻微绿片岩相变质;而前者与榴辉岩的成分可以对比,并且与榴辉岩原岩的时代(750～800Ma)相同。推断绿梁山的海底玄武质岩类可能就是榴辉岩的原岩,祁连地区新元古代蛇绿岩洋盆是在罗迪尼亚大陆大约800～750Ma发生裂解的基础上形成的。

祁连山中段北坡最大降水高度带观测与研究

2006年6月至2008年9月,在祁连山中段北坡黑河流域上游进行了降水空间变化的统观测.结果表明：在黑河上游流域中山区,夏季降水量从东向西呈减少趋势,递减率约为80 mm·（100 km）^-1;最大降水高度带位于海拔4 500－4 700 m左右,年降水量为485 mm,该高度带与本区最大相对湿度高度层（海拔4 600 m左右）以及夏季气温零温层高度（海拔4 680 m左右）相一致.研究区域2008年夏季的凝结高度大致位于海拔4 900 m左右,个别降水日的凝结高度可降至海拔4 460 m左右.在最大降水高度带以下的高山和中低山区,年降水量随海拔升高的递增率为17.2 mm·（100 m）^-1,夏季降水量的递增率为11.5 mm·（100m）^-1.

新生代酒西盆地沉积特征及其与祁连山隆升关系的研究

酒西盆地普遍缺失上白垩统—始新统 ,在渐新世晚期开始接受沉积 ,并形成厚约 3 9km的中下第三系—第四系河流相沉积约 ,不整合覆盖于下白垩统上。渐新统火烧沟组仅在盆地北部出露 ,往盆地南部尖灭 ,古流向向南 ,其物源区应在北部 ,可能和阿尔金断裂的活动有关。白杨河组全盆均有分布 ,北祁连山中也有沉积。山中—盆内沉积相由山麓相转变为河湖相 ,变化明显 ;古流向大致向北 ,说明当时祁连山开始隆升 ,成为白杨河组的物源区。对酒西盆地中、新生界的重矿物进行了系统分析 ,白杨河组重矿物绝对含量的脉动增加明显 ,显示白杨河组沉积物源发生变化 ,原因可能是北祁连山开始隆升 ,酒西盆地的沉积物源由北转向南侧的祁连山。重矿物的相对含量以及ATi,GZi和ZTR特征值也指示了白杨河组时期矿物成熟度低 ,构造活动强烈 。