Optimizing Decentralization of Management andExploitation of Irrigation Works in Quan Lo-Phung HiepRegion, Mekong River Delta

In Vietnam as well as many countries which apply the irrigated agriculture over the world, the process of promoting thesocialization trend in irrigation for the basic irrigation organizations, of which the main factor is water users, is very important. Thispaper aimed to optimize the decentralization of management and exploitation of irrigation works for water users, organizations inQuan Lo-Phung Hiep irrigation system of Mekong River Delta. The research has implemented a survey on 384 water users alongfour canals of level 2 of Quan Lo-Phung Hiep irrigation system under two sets of index： （1） water users＇ perception assessment of theirrigation works （14 indicators） and （2） assessment of the management efficiency in the irrigation works （six indicators）. Theresearch proposes the decentralization process from building, After determining the correlation coefficients, the multi-objective linearregression equation will be shown on six single objective functions. With the aim at achieving the highest efficiency in themanagement and exploitation of the irrigation works, there should be a shift in terms of the water users＇ perception of the irrigationworks. These study results also demonstrate that about 65%-68% of the change in the indicators of the exploitation efficiency in theirrigation works is explained by some water users＇ perception indexes of irrigation works, including the quality of irrigation service andthe output efficiency in agricultural production. By using the algorithm for multi-objective optimization problem, the optimal results inperception are determined. The input data is generated for the matrix supporting the decision making, and the decentralization ofmanagement and exploitation of irrigation works meets the three criteria, i.e., effectiveness, sustainability and flexibility.

Building Harmonious Community & Innovating Social Management and Services

Communities are the basic units as well as cell of the society. Community management and service is of fundamental significance for socia harmony, and also an important part of socia management innovation. Recent years

Research on Intelligent Technology Management and Service Platform

In recent years,there are some problems in science and technology management,such as untimely task supervision and independent information system,which makes it difficult to achieve accurate,quantitative and standardized management.The storage of scientific research test data is scattered,and there are many deficiencies in the management,promotion and use of existing intellectual property.In this paper,on the basis of the knowledge economy,intelligence economy under the conditions of knowledge management concept and cutting-edge technology,technology management and service management related data,information,knowledge,method of blend together.Based on science and technology management,knowledge management as the core of management and service platform of science and technology technical route,main function,construction principles and standards.In order to realize the management systematization of science and technology,intelligent,better educated,multi-level and multi-angle application services.

Mapping Climate Services for Disaster Risk Management: A Systematic Review and Research Gaps from a Policy Process Perspective

Climate services (CS) are crucial for mitigating and managing the impacts and risks associated with climate-induced disasters. While evidence over the past decade underscores their effectiveness across various domains, particularly agriculture, to maximize their potential, it is crucial to identify emerging priority areas and existing research gaps for future research agendas. As a contribution to this effort, this paper employs the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology to review the state-of-the-art in the field of climate services for disaster risk management. A comprehensive search across five literature databases combined with a snowball search method using ResearchRabbit was conducted and yielded 242 peer-reviewed articles, book sections, and reports over 2013-2023 after the screening process. The analysis revealed flood, drought, and food insecurity as major climate-related disasters addressed in the reviewed literature. Major climate services addressed included early warning systems, (sub)seasonal forecasts and impact-based warnings. Grounded in the policy processes’ theoretical perspective, the main focus identified and discussed three prevailing policy-oriented priority areas: 1) development of climate services, 2) use-adoption-uptake, and 3) evaluation of climate services. In response to the limitations of the prevalent supply-driven and top-down approach to climate services promotion, co-production emerges as a cross-cutting critical aspect of the identified priority areas. Despite the extensive research in the field, more attention is needed, particularly pronounced in the science-policy interface perspective, which in practice bridges scientific knowledge and policy decisions for effective policy processes. This perspective offers a valuable analytical lens as an entry point for further investigation. Hence, future research agendas would generate insightful evidence by scrutinizing this critical aspect given its importance to institutions and climate services capacity, to better understand intricate facets of the development and the integration of climate services into disaster risk management.

Mainstreaming Decentralization and Collaboration in Disaster Risk Management:Insights from Coastal Bangladesh

Bangladesh is renowned in disaster risk reduction(DRR)for active involvement of community people and local disaster management institutions in DRR activities.Our study aimed to describe the disaster risk management(DRM)institutions and assess their functioning in six coastal unions across the three coastal zones of Bangladesh.Both qualitative and quantitative research approaches were used.The study focused on two key local institutions—the Union Disaster Management Committees(UDMCs)and the Cyclone Preparedness Program(CPP)—functioning at the union level in DRM.Such institutions have both horizontal and vertical collaborations with other institutions.However,we argue that the UDMCs'external dependencies in their functioning indicate their limited financial and administrative autonomy,which is a barrier to successfully institutionalizing disaster management.The results show that the CPP is the most successful program,markedly increasing the trust of the people in warning dissemination and evacuation efforts in the event of a cyclone.Although the adoption of decentralized risk management systems has resulted in significant progress in increased rate of evacuation and reduced death rate and damage,lack of funding and equipment,limited coordination between institutions,lack of skilled and knowledgeable workforce,and inappropriate power structures may reduce the effectiveness of DRR activities prior to,during,and following disasters.

Research on Enterprise Legal Service Strategy Based on Compliance Management Optimization

With the background of enterprise compliance management,this paper discusses how to improve the level of enterprise legal service and reduce enterprise legal risks by optimizing the compliance management system.It aims to analyze the current situation and existing problems of enterprise legal services through the analysis of the importance of compliance management.Furthermore,it delves into the case of enterprise legal service strategy based on compliance management optimization to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of enterprise legal service strategy.

Effectiveness of Comprehensive Nursing Management in Enhancing Blood Donation Outcomes and Donor Experience: A Comparative Study

Objective:To assess the management effect of comprehensive nursing management on blood donation services in blood stations.Methods:Sixty-four individuals who donated blood at a blood station between September 2021 and September 2023 were selected and randomly assigned into two groups of 32 each.The first group received comprehensive nursing management,while the second group received routine nursing management.Blood donation indexes and observational indexes such as adverse reactions were compared between the groups.Results:The total blood donation volume and qualified blood donation volume were higher in the first group than in the second group.The amount of discarded blood and the rate of blood discards were lower in the first group compared to the second group(P<0.05).Additionally,the adverse reaction rate in the first group was lower,the blood donation comfort scores were higher,the psychological state scores were lower,and the quality of care scores were higher than those in the second group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Comprehensive nursing management can improve the efficiency of blood donation,reduce the rate of blood discards,decrease the incidence of adverse reactions,alleviate negative psychological states of blood donors,and enhance both the comfort level of blood donation and the quality of care provided.

The Management of Mental Health, and Service Networks in Italy

Madness has attracted and frightened for centuries,and talking about this means discussing how this diversity was built and managed in different social contexts and historical periods.Not all societies have had,and still have,the same relationship with madness.It is only with the affirmation of the Modern State,and of Capitalism,that the idea of“normality”indispensable to be able to conceive diversity as something dangerously distant and different from the norm takes over.In our post-modern society,people with mental illness in Italy can resort to specialists and social-health services.But the heterogeneous answers given after the approval of law 180 appear to be increasingly diversified.In this research,much attention will be paid to how the social and health services,located in different areas of Italy(Messina,Rome,Trento)face the current growing risk of social,housing and economic isolation of these fragile subjects.The aim of the research is to explore the possibility of a new relationship between the social-health service and the local community.On the one hand,research investigates what the contribution of the services could be.On the other what the spaces of protagonism and participation of the community could be in inclusion process account.In order to better understand the differences between these two dimensions,a qualitative research approach was chosen through the conduct of in-depth interviews.In this way it was possible to investigate:(1)the partial representations characteristic of the single individual,family members,operators and stackholders in general;(2)the services around the topic dealt with is articulated.From the first results of the research it emerges that the territory can no longer be considered as an abstract entity,but becomes the social space within which the construction of a new community welfare can and must take place.

On Designs of Decentralized Reputation Management for Permissioned Blockchain Networks

In permissioned blockchain networks,the Proof of Authority(PoA)consensus,which uses the election of authorized nodes to validate transactions and blocks,has beenwidely advocated thanks to its high transaction throughput and fault tolerance.However,PoA suffers from the drawback of centralization dominated by a limited number of authorized nodes and the lack of anonymity due to the round-robin block proposal mechanism.As a result,traditional PoA is vulnerable to a single point of failure that compromises the security of the blockchain network.To address these issues,we propose a novel decentralized reputation management mechanism for permissioned blockchain networks to enhance security,promote liveness,and mitigate centralization while retaining the same throughput as traditional PoA.This paper aims to design an off-chain reputation evaluation and an on-chain reputation-aided consensus.First,we evaluate the nodes’reputation in the context of the blockchain networks and make the reputation globally verifiable through smart contracts.Second,building upon traditional PoA,we propose a reputation-aided PoA(rPoA)consensus to enhance securitywithout sacrificing throughput.In particular,rPoA can incentivize nodes to autonomously form committees based on reputation authority,which prevents block generation from being tracked through the randomness of reputation variation.Moreover,we develop a reputation-aided fork-choice rule for rPoA to promote the network’s liveness.Finally,experimental results show that the proposed rPoA achieves higher security performance while retaining transaction throughput compared to traditional PoA.

Forest use suitability:Towards decision-making-oriented sustainable management of forest ecosystem services

Management of forest lands considering multi-functional approaches is the basis to sustain or enhance the provi-sion of specific benefits,while minimizing negative impacts to the environment.Defining a desired management itinerary to a forest depends on a variety of factors,including the forest type,its ecological characteristics,and the social and economic needs of local communities.A strategic assessment of the forest use suitability(FUS)(namely productive,protective,conservation-oriented,social and multi-functional)at regional level,based on the provision of forest ecosystem services and trade-offs between FUS alternatives,can be used to develop management strategies that are tailored to the specific needs and conditions of the forest.The present study assesses the provision of multiple forest ecosystem services and employs a decision model to identify the FUS that sup-ports the most present and productive ecosystem services in each stand in Catalonia.For this purpose,we apply the latest version of the Ecosystem Management Decision Support(EMDS)system,a spatially oriented decision support system that provides accurate results for multi-criteria management.We evaluate 32 metrics and 12 as-sociated ecosystem services indicators to represent the spatial reality of the region.According to the results,the dominant primary use suitability is social,followed by protective and productive.Nevertheless,final assignment of uses is not straightforward and requires an exhaustive analysis of trade-offs between all alternative options,in many cases identifying flexible outcomes,and increasing the representativeness of multi-functional use.The assignment of forest use suitability aims to significantly improve the definition of the most adequate management strategy to be applied.

Effect of Internet+continuous midwifery service model on psychological mood and pregnancy outcomes for women with highrisk pregnancies

BACKGROUND There are many drawbacks to the traditional midwifery service management model,which can no longer meet the needs of the new era.The Internet+continuous midwifery service management model extends maternal management from prenatal to postpartum,in-hospital to out-of-hospital,and offline to online,thereby improving maternal and infant outcomes.Applying the Internet+continuous midwifery service management model to manage women with highrisk pregnancies(HRP)can improve their psycho-emotional opinion and,in turn,minimize the risk of adverse maternal and/or fetal outcomes.AIM To explore the effectiveness of a midwife-led Internet+continuous midwifery service model for women with HRP.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 439 women with HRP who underwent prenatal examination and delivered at Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital(affiliated to the Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine)from April to December 2022.Among them,239 pregnant women underwent routine obstetric management,and 200 pregnant women underwent Internet+continuous midwifery service mode management.We used the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory,Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale,and analysis of delivery outcomes to compare psychological mood and the incidence of adverse delivery outcomes between the two groups.RESULTS The data showed that in early pregnancy,the anxiety and depression levels of the two groups were similar;the levels gradually decreased as pregnancy progressed,and the decrease in the continuous group was more significant[31.00(29.00,34.00)vs 34.00(32.00,37.00),8.00(6.00,9.00)vs 12.00(10.00,13.00),P<0.05].The maternal self-efficacy level and strategy for weight gain management were better in the continuous group than in the traditional group,and the effective rate of midwifery service intervention in the continuous group was significantly higher than in the control group[267.50(242.25,284.75)vs 256.00(233.00,278.00),74.00(69.00,78.00)vs 71.00(63.00,78.00),P<0.05].The incidence of adverse delivery outcomes in pregnant women and newborns and fear of maternal childbirth were lower in the continuous group than in the traditional group,and nursing satisfaction was higher[10.50%vs 18.83%,8.50%vs 15.90%,24.00%vs 42.68%,89.50%vs 76.15%,P<0.05].CONCLUSION The Internet+continuous midwifery service model promotes innovation through integration and is of great significance for improving and promoting maternal and child health in HRP.

Privacy Preserving Demand Side Management Method via Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

The smart grid utilizes the demand side management technology to motivate energy users towards cutting demand during peak power consumption periods, which greatly improves the operation efficiency of the power grid. However, as the number of energy users participating in the smart grid continues to increase, the demand side management strategy of individual agent is greatly affected by the dynamic strategies of other agents. In addition, the existing demand side management methods, which need to obtain users’ power consumption information,seriously threaten the users’ privacy. To address the dynamic issue in the multi-microgrid demand side management model, a novel multi-agent reinforcement learning method based on centralized training and decentralized execution paradigm is presented to mitigate the damage of training performance caused by the instability of training experience. In order to protect users’ privacy, we design a neural network with fixed parameters as the encryptor to transform the users’ energy consumption information from low-dimensional to high-dimensional and theoretically prove that the proposed encryptor-based privacy preserving method will not affect the convergence property of the reinforcement learning algorithm. We verify the effectiveness of the proposed demand side management scheme with the real-world energy consumption data of Xi’an, Shaanxi, China. Simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively improve users’ satisfaction while reducing the bill payment compared with traditional reinforcement learning(RL) methods(i.e., deep Q learning(DQN), deep deterministic policy gradient(DDPG),QMIX and multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient(MADDPG)). The results also demonstrate that the proposed privacy protection scheme can effectively protect users’ privacy while ensuring the performance of the algorithm.

Impact of slope farmland use change on ecosystem services value in China,2000-2020

Slope farmland is an important component of farmland resources in China.The utilization and change of slope farmland have significant effects on ecosystems,and understanding the impact of slope farmland change on ecosystem services(ESs)is critical for effective land utilization and ecosystem protection.This study aims to analyze slope farmland changes in China between 2000 and 2020 and quantify the impact of these changes on ESs by the use of a land use dynamic attitude study,and an ecosystem services value(ESV)equivalent.Results show that the area of slope farmland in China was mainly concentrated on slopes of 2°-6°,and exhibited a downward trend between 2000 and 2020.There were significant differences in the spatial distribution of the farmland,which was mainly located in the Taihang,Qinling,Wushan,and Xuefeng mountains.ESV increased by$179.235 million due to the conversion between slope farmland and forest,grassland,and construction land from 2000-2010.Conversely,from 2010 to 2020,ESV decreased by$2613.919 million due to the conversion of forest and grassland to slope farmland as well as the conversion of slope farmland to construction land.

Coupling trade-offs and supply-demand of ecosystem services(ES):A new opportunity for ES management

The trade-offs and supply-demand relations of ecosystem services(ES)are at the frontier of geographical and ecological studies.However,previous studies have focused on either trade-offs or the supply-demand aspects,while ES conflicts and supply/demand contradictions have not been comprehensively examined.The relation-ship between ES trade-offs and supply-demand is logically valid and studying the coupling of both can provide approaches for simultaneously alleviating ES conflicts and supply-demand contradictions.This study,based on a review of previous analyses of ES trade-offs and supply-demand dynamics,proposes a new analytic framework to couple them.First,we define two types of trade-offs based on the directions of growth or decline of the two ser-vices.We also define the supply-demand balance area and the supply-demand risk area according to the ES flow characteristics.Second,the mechanisms driving ES trade-offs are clarified,and land-use scenarios are set based on the mechanisms.Third,the supply-demand spatial characteristics of ES are analyzed,and supply-demand risk areas are identified.Finally,scenario iterations are performed to minimize the supply-demand risk area at an acceptable trade-offintensity to identify an optimal land use plan,which simultaneously alleviates ES conflicts and supply-demand contradictions.This analytic framework offers new opportunities for improving sustainable ecosystem management.

Evaluation of Research Project on Integrated Management and Services of Urban Development Records, Archives, and Information

To evaluate the project "Research in integrated management and services of urban development records, archives, and information" in progress, this paper analyzes "why", "what", and "how" issues of relevant integration research about integrated management and services of urban development records, archives, and information based on a survey of literature at home and abroad. By a comparative study of current integration research status and features, the author gives a critical analysis of the strengths and weakness of the project and provides recommendations for future research.Cross disciplinary studies indicate that ideals of integration can add values to collaboration, innovation,and optimum in managing evidence, information, memory, and knowledge of built environment cross-culture, cross-discipline, cross-domain, and cross institution for enhancing competitiveness and productivity of business. Cross cultural studies indicate that integrated records, archives, and information management as a whole into capital construction project management process, organizational information resources management systems, and the construction of digital urban development archival repository through service-control, process-control, and product-control are fundamental to guarantee the characteristics and quality of records and records system to support evidence-based e-government,e-business, and the sustainability development of digital city. Present studies on integrated management and services of urban development records, archives, and information have limitations on too much emphasis on integration for collaboration and optimum but not enough studies on integration for innovation and broader use.

Delivery Service Management System Using Google Maps for SMEs in Emerging Countries

This paper proposes a Delivery Service Management(DSM)system for Small and Medium Enterprises(SMEs)that own a delivery fleet of pickup trucks to manage Business-to-Business(B2B)delivery services.The proposed DSM system integrates four systems:Delivery Location Positioning(DLP),Delivery Route Planning(DRP),Arrival Time Prediction(ATP),and Communication and Data Sharing(CDS)systems.These systems are used to pinpoint the delivery locations of customers,plan the delivery route of each truck,predict arrival time(with an interval)at each delivery location,and communicate and share information among stakeholders,respectively.The DSM system deploys Google applications,a GPS tracking system,Google Map APIs,ATP algorithms(embedded in Excel Macros),Line,and Telegram as supporting tools.To improve the accuracy of the ATP system,three tech-niques are applied considering driver behaviors.The proposed DSM system has been implemented in a Thai SME.From the process perspective,the DSM system is a systematic procedure for end-to-end delivery services.It allows the interactions between planner-driver decisions and supporting tools.The supporting tools are simple,can be easily used with little training,and require low capital expenditure.The statistical analysis shows that the ATP algorithm with the three techniques provides high accuracy.Thus,the proposed DSM system is beneficial for practitioners to manage delivery services,especially for SMEs in emerging countries.

Transdisciplinary research for supporting the integration of ecosystem services into land and water management in the Tarim River Basin,Xinjiang,China

There is a growing need for both science and practice domains to collaboratively and systematically seek knowledge-based strategies for sustainable development. In recent years, transdisciplinary research has emerged as a new approach that enables joint problem solving among scientists and stakeholders in various fields. In this paper, we aim to introduce transdisciplinary research for supporting the integration of the concept of eco- system services into land and water management in the Tarim River Basin, Xinjiang, Northwest China. While a large number of ecosystem service studies have helped to raise the awareness for the value of nature in China, a number of challenges remain, including an improved understanding of the relationships between ecosystem structure, functions and services, and the interaction of the various ecosystem services. A meaningful valuation of ecosystem services also requires the consideration of their strong spatial heterogeneity. In addition, ways to introduce the con- cept of ecosystem services into decision-making in China need to be explored. Thus, successful integration of the concept of ecosystem services into actual land and water management requires a broad knowledge base that only a number of scientific disciplines and stakeholders can provide jointly, via a transdisciplinary research process. We regard transdisciplinary research as a recursive process to support adaptive management that includes joint knowledge generation and integration among scientists and stakeholders. System, target, and transformation knowledge are generated and integrated during the process of （1） problem （re）definition, （2） problem analysis and strategy development, and （3） evaluation of the impact of the derived strategy. Methods to support transdisciplinary research comprise participatory modelling （actor-based modelling and Bayesian Networks modelling） and partici- patory scenario development. Actor-based modelling is a semi-quantitative method that is based on the analysis of problem perspectives of individual stakeholders as depicted in perception graphs. With Bayesian Networks, com- plex problem fields are modelled probabilistically in a simplified manner, using both quantitative data and qualitative expert judgments. These participatory methods serve to integrate diverse scientific and stakeholder knowledge and to support the generation of actually implementable management strategies for sustainable development. For the purpose of integrating ecosystem services in land and water management in the Tarim River Basin through trans- disciplinary research, collaboration among scientists and institutional stakeholders from different sectors including water, agriculture, forestry, and nature conservation is required. The challenge is to adapt methods of transdisci- plinary research to socio-cultural conditions in China, particularly regarding ways of communication and deci- sion-making.

Payment for Water-Related Ecosystem Services as a Strategic Watershed Management Approach

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) have been created worldwide to assist watershed management and improve or maintain water quality. Considering their importance, we conducted a holistic review of payment for water-related ecosystem services to understand how this instrument has been applied in watershed management worldwide. First, we identified the watershed management actions considered by the PES programs and the challenges of implementing water-related PES. After we identified the methods and criteria used to define priority areas for water-related PES. Our review considered articles published on the Web of Science from 2011 to 2022. We found 236 articles relating PES to water resources, highlighting the main water conservation strategies: native vegetation conservation, native vegetation restoration, and implementing best agricultural practices. The method most frequent was interview, followed by the use of technologies, document analysis, and hydrological models. Another significant result was that priority areas for receiving PES are mainly riparian zones, areas near or with native vegetation cover, areas with higher erosion potential, steep areas, and areas with socially vulnerable communities. This review was crucial to identify efficient water resource conservation strategies and potential challenges in the implementation and development of PES programs.

Machine learning-based zero-touch network and service management:a survey

The exponential growth of mobile applications and services during the last years has challenged the existing network infrastructures.Consequently,the arrival of multiple management solutions to cope with this explosion along the end-to-end network chain has increased the complexity in the coordinated orchestration of different segments composing the whole infrastructure.The Zero-touch Network and Service Management(ZSM)concept has recently emerged to automatically orchestrate and manage network resources while assuring the Quality of Experience(QoE)demanded by users.Machine Learning(ML)is one of the key enabling technologies that many ZSM frameworks are adopting to bring intelligent decision making to the network management system.This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art application of ML-based techniques to improve ZSM performance.To this end,the main related standardization activities and the aligned international projects and research efforts are deeply examined.From this dissection,the skyrocketing growth of the ZSM paradigm can be observed.Concretely,different standardization bodies have already designed reference architectures to set the foundations of novel automatic network management functions and resource orchestration.Aligned with these advances,diverse ML techniques are being currently exploited to build further ZSM developments in different aspects,including multi-tenancy management,traffic monitoring,and architecture coordination,among others.However,different challenges,such as the complexity,scalability,and security of ML mechanisms,are also identified,and future research guidelines are provided to accomplish a firm development of the ZSM ecosystem.

Vehicle Fleet Management Practices and Service Delivery in State Owned Enterprises in Zimbabwe

The main objective of the study was to examine the influence of vehicle fleet management practices on service delivery in State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Zimbabwe. The study adopted a pragmatism research philosophy together with a mixed method research paradigm. In addition, structured questionnaires were distributed to 344 respondents drawn from 86 SOEs. Stratified and purposive sampling was used. Descriptive statistics were calculated using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 20. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was done on all items of the study while research hypotheses were tested using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) in AMOS version 21. The study concluded that vehicle maintenance, fuel management, driver management and vehicle replacement positively influence service delivery. In addition, the study also established that Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) moderate the influence of vehicle fleet management practices on service delivery. The study recommended that there is need for regular driver training and vehicle programs encompassing electronic spares tracking.