An In-depth Interpretation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights With the Common Values of Humanity As the Research Paradigm

Interpreting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights from political,juridical and philosophical perspectives is es-sential for promoting the guiding principles of the Declaration,build-ing consensus on human rights,and advancing human rights practice in the new historical context.To conduct an academic,systematic in-terpretation of the Declaration that conforms to the trends of the times and answers the fundamental questions of the world,it is necessary to find a new research paradigm.The common values of humanity,namely peace,development,equity,justice,democracy and freedom,put forward by Xi Jinping,general secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,provide the most explanatory and penetrating scientific paradigm for reaching the issue.This paper an-alyzes and reflects on the views,value foundation and principled(con-tractual)consensus of human rights in the Declaration,and narrates and foresees the far-reaching significance of the three global initia-tives(namely,the Global Development Initiative,the Global Security Initiative,and the Global Civilization Initiative)with the common val-ues of humanity as the soul in advancing the modernization of global human rights governance and building a new form of human rights civilization.

Revisiting the Spirit of the UDHR and Discussing Human Rights Development——Summary of Views from the Seminar Commemorating the 75th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

On December 4,2023,the China Society for Human Rights Studies hosted a seminar in Beijing commemorating the 75^(th) Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.Participants discussed topics such as the significance of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,China’s theories and practices in respecting and safeguarding human rights,the three global initiatives and global human rights governance,human rights protection in the digital age,and telling Chinese stories of human rights in the new era.The discussions led to a broad consensus and achieved positive results.

Research Progress and Suggestions on China’s Drug Registration Management Based on CiteSpace Knowledge Maps

Objective To analyze the research status and hot spots in the field of drug registration in China,and to provide some suggestions for the follow-up research.Methods CiteSpace was used to conduct literature quantitative analysis on 684 related articles from 2012 to 2022,and the knowledge map was drawn.Based on this,the main characteristics and development trends of the related studies were summarized.Results and Conclusion The number of articles published was closely related to the regulatory policy of drug registration reform.The authors of these articles did not have good continuity.Besides,research hot spots were closely related to the actual work,which was mainly around the improvement of the review and approval policy,encouraging innovative drug research and development,improving the level of new drug development and other directions.The follow-up studies should further strengthen the continuity of research and inter-agency collaboration.In addition,biomedical registration may become a new research focus in the future.

Reporting ethical approval in case reports and case series in 12 consecutive years: A systematic review

Our study describes the reported rate of the Institutional Review Board(IRB)approval,declaration of Helsinki(DoH),and informed consent in the case reports and case series and investigates factors associated with the ethical approval report.We searched PubMed for case reports and case series from 2006 to 2017.Annually,we obtained the first 20 articles of a case report cluster from 20 distinct publications.This analysis initially contained at least 2400 papers,with 100 papers each study design and year.Only 26(5.4%)of 480 included studies reported IRB approval,DoH approval,and participant informed consent;58(12.1%)reported two out of three ethical statements(DoH,informed consent,IRB);and 151(31.5%)reported only one,leading to nearly 245 studies(51.0%)did not report any ethical approval item.Both clusters mentioned the DoH the least.Only years,ages,ethical item types,and cluster types were associated with ethical reporting practices.This study found the serious under‐reporting of ethical practices in both case reports and case series.

Leveraging React Components in Business Process Management (BPM) Applications

As organizations increasingly embrace digital transformation, the integration of modern web technologies like React.js with Business Process Management (BPM) applications has become essential. React components offer flexibility, reusability, and scalability, making them ideal for enhancing user interfaces and driving user engagement within BPM environments. This article explores the benefits, challenges, and best practices of leveraging React components in BPM applications, along with real-world examples of successful implementations.

基于智能文档和XML数据库的RoHS符合性声明研究

近来越来越多的企业借助于IT技术促使自身达到ROHS符合性等环保指令。本文提出了一个通用系统架构,它可以帮助企业快速搭建RoHS符合性声明系统,并符合国际IPC-1752标准。在该架构中,我们用智能文档技术、XML技术、SOAP和XML数据库等技术以获得系统的重用性和健壮性。

药品集中带量采购的地方实践与探索

目的系统收集各地药品集中带量采购(以下简称“集采”)有关文件,比较地方集采的规则方法,为完善相关政策提供参考。方法检索各省(自治区、直辖市、新疆生产建设兵团)医疗保障局、药品和医用耗材集中采购平台等官方网站,收集已发布的药品集采实施方案等文件,比较总结地方集采的实践进展。结果药品地方集采推进迅速,主要形式为省际联盟。联盟采购规则存在差异,主要体现在分组方式和评审方法上。各地在申报价格、约定采购量等方面均遵循国家集采的基本原则。结论今后应鼓励适宜灵活的地方集采结盟,优化联盟集采规则,进一步完善基于联盟集采的药品价格形成机制,不断改进全国药品价格公示与共享信息平台建设。

Follow-up Study of Retreatment TB Patients with Sputum Smear and/or Culture Positive Two Years after They were Declared Cured with First-line Anti-TB Drugs in Shandong Province

This study aimed to learn the recurrence rate in the retreatment TB patients with sputum smear and/or culture positive （ss＋ and/or c＋） two years after they were declared cured, and to explore causes of recurrence in order to improve long-time treatment outcome. 5 cities were selected as research locations. Recurrence of TB was judged by chest X-ray examination together with sputum smear and culture examination.

VB中调用Windows API函数检测当前系统环境

本文作者介绍了在VisualBasic中用Declare语句声明所要调用的WindowsAPI的方法 ,以及如何调用API函数来检测当前的系统环境。

President Xi's Congratulatory Letter to the “International Symposium on the 30^(th) Anniversary of the Adoption of the UN Declaration on the Right to Development”

On the occasion of the 30thanniversary of the adoption of the United Nations’ Declaration on the Right to Development,representatives from various countries have gathered in Beijing to attend the "Sharing the Development:Create More Benefits

The Declaration on the Right to Development as a First Step towards a Comprehensive Southern Vision on Human Rights

Having proper sanitation and hygiene, access to affordable health care and enough food on the table are the basic conditions for a dignified life. This link between human dignity and the right to development was made very persuasively already in the White Paper on human rights, issued by the State Council of P.R.C. in 1991. The Declaration on the right to development can be considered the first successful joint action undertaken by Southern states in the area of human rights. The Declaration was based on Southern scholarship, such as the pioneering research conducted by the Senegalese jurist Kéba M’baye. And its adoption was the result of joint stage management performed by diplomats from different continents. Therefore the Declaration serves as a source of inspiration for the work of drafting a Comprehensive Southern Vision on human rights. The Vision document will lay out a common Southern outlook on human rights issues as an elaboration of the Universal Declaration.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the “Spirits” of Confucian Ethics

At present, the value revealed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is under attack, and the consensus on human rights value is experiencing division globally,which asserts that "human rights can only be provided by paradox". The root of this is that" reason ",the metaphysical nature of human rights proclaimed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,is infinitely magnified while the " spirit " is ignored. History and philosophy show that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights entails the Confucian ethical " spirit ".At this time,this potential factor is gradually emerging in the course of world history and became a force to bridge the global division of human rights values. The significance of Confucian ethics " spirit " to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights lies in: from the perspective of " spirit ", its holistic view, bridging individual rights and collective rights; its relational view focuses on the realization of human rights and transcends the " paradox of human right; progressing from the value consensus to common action, so that in the process of judging the progress of human rights in the world, we consider not only the value consensus, but also the common action.

UNGA Declared the Year 2004 the International Year of Rice

On 16 December 2002, the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) declared the year 2004 the International Year of Rice (IYR). The dedication of an International Year to rice, a single crop, is unprecedented in UNGA’s history. In declaring the IYR, the UNGA recognized that rice is the primary food source for more than half of the world’s population and that enhancing the sustainability and productivity of rice-based production systems will require the commitment of many parts of civil society as well as government and inter-governmental action. The theme of the IYR, "Rice is Life", is drawn from the understanding that rice-based systems are essential to everyone,

Pattern Specialization Based on Partial Evaluation

Design pattern enables software architecture generality and reusability, but which depresses the high performance. The pattern specialization was built on partial evaluation technology to reduce the overheads of design pattern. The design patterns were classified to extract the common features, and the corresponding pattern specializations were constructed. In the pattern specialization, the optimization opportunities were identified, and the specialization methods and conditions were described. The syntax of binding time analysis was defined, and the semantic depicted the invariant of usage context. The virtual invocation and dispatch were eliminated, which enhances the running efficiency. This pattern specialization is a high-level specialization for improving the performance of software aimed at design level that is orthogonal with the low-level code optimization.

The Conflict and the Balance between the Right to Development and the Right to the Environment——Perspective and Reflection Based on China

The right to development and the right to the environment are both third generation rights, closely related to human development and world peace. For developing countries, there is a de facto conflict between the right to development and the right to the environment, which leads to serious consequences. To coordinate development and the environment, developing countries should shift their pattern of development, take the path of sustainable development and realize environmental protection and ecological balance while promoting economic growth.

Safety of small and medium dams in permafrost regions

Safe operation and performance of dams is one of the key issues in permafrost regions. At present, the existing dams are 40–45 years old and they are reaching their design life limit. Intensive geocryological processes（thermokarst, thermal erosion, frost heaving, suffosion, concentrated seepage along the voids left by melt ice and others） begin to develop at the early stages of construction. These processes are even more intensive under severe climatic conditions of the permafrost zone due to the large thermal and moisture gradients and the resulting complex thermal stress-strain state in the structures. Determining safety criteria is a critical and difficult task in dam safety management. The existing procedures need to be continuously refined and improved depending on dam importance class. Some researchers recommend introducing process development criteria（stability, destabilization, and extremality） for more objective assessment of dam safety, in addition to the existing two condition criteria. In other words, they call for a multi-factor dam – environment interaction system. A case study of safety declaration for an existing dam is presented.

A comparative life cycle assessment of phytosterol and meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) oncoprotective functional food ingredients

The urgent and relevant goals of providing a healthier diet and sustainable food systems taken together require a systematic approach that considers a broader environment for food choice. The paper compares three technologies to produce functional ingredients for preventing oncological diseases - each of them involving different sources of raw materials - a by-product of soybean processing, wild meadowsweet extract and planted meadowsweet extract. Life cycle assessment (LCA) has been selected to justify the choice of raw ingredients and the best technology for the stakeholders. Life cycle inventory analysis (LCIA) of technologies was carried out based on the SimaPro 9.1.1.1. To confirm the results of the LCIA of technologies to produce biologically active substances (BAS) from by-products of soybean oil processing, the following models of the SimaPro 9.1.1.1 software were used: EPD (2018) V1.01, ReCiPe 2016 (Midpoint (H) V1.04 / World (2010) H) and IPCC 2013 (GWP 500a V1.01). The validation of the results and the assessment of the impact of uncertainties in the initial data on the LCA calculations of the technologies were carried out using Monte Carlo method. The results showed that production of BAS from a by-product of soybean oil processing is the most environmentally friendly technology, and the data obtained could add to the life cycle database for the category of “Functional food ingredients” or serve as an example for further research and comparison with other targeted functional ingredients.

On Significance of the Birth of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Introduction The Universal Declaration of Human Rights （UDHR or Declaration） adopted by the UN General Assembly is not a legally binding treaty per se. As early as the Drafting Committee was making out a draft, heated discussions and debates had been carried out for many times with regard to the nature of the UDHR. At last, the present form of UDHR was taken according to chairperson of the Commission on Human Rights Eleanor Roosevelt＇s view of pragmatism in order to provide moral guidance for UN Member States.

A Twenty-Year Follow-up Case Study of an Office Worker Who Returned to Work despite Serious Memory Disorder Caused by Herpes Encephalitis

This study followed a 52-year-old male patient, who had suffered from severe impairment in recent memory due to se- quelae of herpes encephalitis, for 20 years. He returned to his highly intellectual work and performed well despite his doctor’s prediction. While the patient showed consistently poor results on various neuropsychological memory tests, he demonstrated incredible performance at work. This case exemplifies an extreme case that declarative memory is formed with the support of semantic memory, procedural memory, and his strong interests. Additionally, it offers lessons that results on memory tests do not necessarily correspond to the actual level of competence. The focal sites were found on both sides of the medial temporal lobe, predominantly on the left side. The T2-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI) obtained 9 years after the onset confirmed widespread damage to the left brain including parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus, spindle gyrus, and amygdaloid complex, with microlesions extending from the right parahippocampal gyrus to its antero-interior rim. However, the damage to hippocampus was presumed to be minor.

DECLARATIVE HYBRID ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN AD HOC NETWORKS

This paper presents adaptive hybrid protocols based on the declarative network and mainly discusses the principle and realization of the Bayesian-estimation based adaptive hybrid protocol in the declarative network, which is well adapted to the Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET). The adaptive hybrid protocol is designed for ad hoc networks which have characteristics like self-organizing, no trusted party, flexibility, etc. The nodes that run the hybrid protocol can automatically select one routing protocol that is suitable for different network environment. The Bayesian-estimation based adaptive strategy, that improves the adaptability and stability of the protocol, succeeds in the Rapidnet, a declarative network engine. The result in the Rapidnet proves that the hybrid protocol and the adaptive strategy are feasible. The experiment on the ns-3 simulator, an emerging discrete-event network simulator, validates that this protocol performs well and reduces communication overheads.