A study on the treatment of chloasma with moxibustion based on the theory of“Yang transforming Qi,and Yin shaping”

Background:“Yang Transforming Qi and Yin shaping”comes from“Plain Question Yin and Yang should be like the theory”.Chinese medicine believes that the imbalance of yin and yang is the cause of human diseases.One of the strengths of TCM in treating diseases is holistic regulation.The theory of“Yang transforming Qi,and Yin shaping”implies a strong holistic view.Chloasma,one of the common skin diseases,seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients due to its unclear etiology,difficult treatment and easy recurrence.The occurrence and development of chloasma are closely related to internal organs.This paper is based on the theory of internal meridian,“Yang transforming Qi,and Yin shaping”which attaches importance to the concept of“Yang Qi”,from a new understanding of the pathogenesis etiology of chloasma.Methods:The author believes that the incidence of the disease is the deficiency of Yang Qi,which can’t promote the movement of Qi and blood to nourish the face,resulting in tangible material condensation,so proposes that this disease needs to be promoted by Yang transforming Qi and warm to dissipate.Moxibustion belongs to the fire,and its warming effect can dissipate the tangible evil.Results:Combined with clinical practice and the theory of internal meridian,the author elaborated that moxibustion is one of the effective methods for treating chloasma,which provides a new way of thinking for the treatment of chloasma.Conclusion:“Yang Transforming Qi and Yin shaping”can be used to guide the treatment of chloasma.

Efficacy of integrative medicine in deficiency of both qi and yin in the rat model of type 2 diabetes

Objective:To establish a rat model of type 2 diabetes(T2DM)manifesting the Chinese medicine syndrome pattern of both qi and yin deficiency for evaluating the efficacy of a Chinese herbal formula(CHF),integrative medicine(IM),and pioglitazone(PIO)on T2DM indicators in the animal model.Methods:The rat model was induced by a high-fat diet(HFD)and streptozotocin(STZ,30 mg/kg).CHF(3.4 g/kg),PIO(2.7 mg/kg),and IM(3.4 g CHF+2.7 mg PIO)were administered to rats once daily for 14 days.Related laboratory parameters were observed.Results:Diabetic rats showed unsmooth fur,alopecia,reduced activity,huddling,somnolence,depression,pale or reddened tongue,damp/dark red tail,and high levels of water and food intake,urine volume,and stool weight,but weakened grip strength.Low levels of serum SOD,Nat-Kt-ATPase,cAMP/cGMP,and a high level of iNOS were observed.Hyperglycemia,hyperinsulinemia,insulin resistance,high levels of serum glucagon/IDE and pancreatic amylin,and low serum and pancreatic SS levels were evident as well.Conclusions:A rat model of T2DM with both qi and yin deficiency was successfully replicated.CHF appeared to be more efficacious than IM and PIO in the rat model of qi and yin deficiency pattern of T2DM,though IM and PIO were each found to have their merits and drawbacks in attenuating T2DM indicators in the rat model.

Yiqi Huoxue Decoction in the treatment of Qi and yin deficiency and stasis type diabetic nephropathy in stageⅢ and its effect on VEGF and TGF-β1

Objective:To observe the efficacy of Yiqi Huoxue Decoction in the treatment of patients with diabetic nephropathy(DN)stageⅢwith qi and yin deficiency and stasis and its effects on vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β1).Methods:Sixty patients with stage DN of Qi-yin deficiency and stasis type DN who were treated in the Endocrinology Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the research subjects.The remainder method was used to divide them into 30 cases in the observation group and 30 cases in the control group.Patients in both groups were referred to the guidelines and expert consensus for general treatment of DN(hypogl-ycemic,antihypertensive,lipid-lowering,etc.).The control group was given pancreatic kallikrein enteric-coated tablets orally once,120U,3 times a day,and the observation group was given The traditional Chinese medicine Yiqi Huoxue Decoction was taken orally,one dose daily,twice a day in the morning and evening;the two groups intervened continuously for 8 weeks.Detect blood FPG,PBG,HbA1c,β2-MG,BUN,SCr,VEGF,TGF-β1,and urine mALB and UACR levels before and after treatment,and calculate eGFR before and after treatment in both groups;observe changes in TCM syndrome scores in the two groups,Compare its clinical efficacy.Results:After 8 weeks of treatment,the total clinical effective rate of patients in the observation group was 93.3%,which was significantly different from the control group of 76.6%(P<0.05);the TCM syndrome scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those before treatment and in the control group(P<0.05);The levels of FPG,HbA1c,PPG,mALB,β2-MG,UACR,VEGF,and TGF-β1 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,with significant differences(P<0.05).The levels of SCr and BUN in the observation group were significantly lower.Compared with before treatment,eGFR increased,but there was no signi-ficant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion:Yiqi Huoxue Decoction for the treatment of patients with DN typeⅢqi-yin deficiency and stasis type,not only helps to lower blood sugar levels,improve TCM syndromes,but also can reduce early renal damage,reduce urine albumin,and delay kidney function It may be further worsened and has better safety.The mechanism may be related to reducing the levels of VEGF and TGF-β1,thereby delaying the fibrosis of tubulointerstitial scar and inhibi-ting glomerular capillary sclerosis.

Effect of Huangqi Xiaoke Recipe combined with alprostadil on qi and yin deficiency type diabetic nephropathy and its effect on vascular endothelium and oxidative stress

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of Huangqi Xiaoke Decoction combined with alprostadil on qi and yin deficiency type diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its effect on vascular endothelium and oxidative stress. Methods: A total of 72 patients with qi and yin deficiency type DN who were admitted to the diabetes specialist ward and outpatient department of Baoan District Hospital of Shenzhen from January 2017 to July 2018 were enrolled. The patients were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number method. 36 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with conventional treatments such as hypoglycemic, hypotensive, lipid-lowering and anti-platelet aggregation. The control group was treated with alprostadil on the basis of conventional treatment. The observation group was given orally on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated once a day for a total of 4 weeks. Compare the clinical syndrome scores and clinical efficacy of the two groups before and after treatment;fasting blood glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), blood lipids (TC, TG, LDL, HDL), serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN Endothelin-1 (ET-1), nitric oxide (NO), von Willebrand factor (vWF);glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide disproportionation The level of enzyme (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA). Results:The total effective rate of TCM syndromes in observation group was 94.44%, which was significantly different from 72.22% in the control group. The scores of TCM syndromes in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group;Compared with the control group, the HDL-C of the observation group did not change much, there was no statistical difference;FBG, HbA1C, SCr, BUN, TC, TG, LDL-C, ET-1, vWF, MDA Significantly decreased, NO, GSH-Px, SOD increased significantly, with significant difference. Conclusion: Huangqi Xiaoke Decoction combined with alprostadil in the treatment of qi and yin deficiency type DN has significant curative effect, which can not only lower blood sugar, regulate blood lipids, improve renal function and clinical symptoms, but also inhibit oxidative stress and protect endothelial function.

Study on syndrome differentiation based on pharmacology of syndrome management system-a case of Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome

Taking the Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome as an example,the research method of pharmacology of syndrome management system was proposed.By means of text mining,systematic pharmacology and target analysis,to attempt to reveal the essence of the corresponding syndrome by studying the drugs and targets of Qi and Yin deficiency.Fourteen Chinese herbs treating Qi and Yin deficiency were retrieved and used more than 30 times,and 9,317 related targets were predicted.The common targets of action were 85.Topological analysis was carried out by using degree centrality,closeness centrality and betweenness centrality to confirm that estrogen receptor(ESR1),tumor necrosis factor(TNF),D(2)dopamine receptor(DRD2),vitamin D3 receptor(VDR),glucocorticoid receptor(NR3C1),acetylcholinesterase(ACHE)and endothelin-1(EDN1)were highly correlated with Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome.Through the target to find Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome corresponding to 17 categories of diseases.A new idea was provided for studying the biological essence of TCM clinical syndrome differentiation.

Clinical Significance and Changes of ECG in the Patients with Cardiac Deficiency of the Qi and the Yin

In order to explore the changes and clinical significance of ECG in the patients with cardiac deficiency of the Qi and Yin, 124 patients with heart diseases were examined by means of ECG. The results showed that the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy in cardiac deficiency of the Qi (CDQ) was obviously higher than that of cardiac deficiency of the Yin (CDY). The higher prevalence of tachycardia occurred in the patients with CDY.The prevalence of the Q - T interval prolongation and abnormalities of ST - T segment in the patients with CDY was also higher than that of CDQ. The difference between two groups suggests that the diagnosis of two syndromes by ECG may be of important value.

Effect of combined therapy of Yinchenhao Chengqi decoction and endoscopic sphincterotomy for endotoxemia in acute cholangitis

AIM To evaluate the therapeutic mechanism of Yinchenhao Chengqi (YCHCQ) decoction (containing mainly Herba Artemisia capillaris) combined with endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) for endotoxemia (ETM) in acute cholangitis.METHODS Twenty-one cases of acute cholangitis with ETM were divided randomly into two groups: group A, 10 patients treated with YCHCQ decoction combined with EST, group B, 11 patients treated with EST. The incidence rate of ETM, plasmic ET, serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malonyldialdehyde (MDA), complement C3 and C-reactive protein (CRP) were studied respectively.RESULTS The ET level of group A (35.92ng/L±8.30ng/L) was significantly reduced after 7 days of treatment (P＜0.05) in contrast to that of group B (47.8ng/L±11.62ng/L), so did the level of MDA and CRP. But the SOD activity and C3 level in group A increased significantly (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION YCHCQ decoction combined with EST had a beneficial effect for ETM in acute cholangitis.INTRODUCTIONEndotoxemia (ETM) is one of the most important physiopathologic causes of acute cholangitis and it is the trigger of cytokines and inflammatory factors. In recent studies it has been found that Yinchenhao Chengqi (YCHCQ) decoction has a beneficial effect on ETM in acute cholangitis. With the development of endoscopic surgery, endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) has become an effective replacement for some operations in the treatment of acute cholangitis[1]. The effect of YCHCQ decoction combined with EST on ET, oxygen free radical and complement C3 was observed in order to find out its therapeutic mechanism.

Changes of free radicals and digestive enzymes in saliva in cases with deficiency inspleen-yin syndrome

Objective：To explore the nature of deficiency in spleen-yin syndrome,which could provide scientific theoretical support and practical guidance for clinical Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）syndrome differentiation based on biology,and had a strong clinical significance.Methods：Serum Cu and Zn were detected by atomic absorption spectrophotometer,serum vitamin E by high performance liquid chromatography,serum vitamin C by 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine Colorimetry,total superoxide dismutase（SOD）and Cu and Zn- SOD by the xanthine oxidase method,and malondialdehyde（MDA）by the 2-thiobarbituric acid method（TBA）.Total antioxidant capacity was detected by a colorimetry kit.Amylase Activity was detected by an automatic biochemical analyzer.Lysozyme was detected by lysozyme detection plate,the diameter of bacteriolysis circle was measured and the corresponding content of lysozyme was obtained from a table of standard curve values.Results： No significant difference in total SOD and Cu,Zn-SOD was found between deficiency in spleen-yin group and normal group.However,such factors in deficiency in kidney-yin group were significantly lower than the other groups（P〈0.05）.The MDA content in both deficiency in spleen-yin group and deficiency in kidney-yin group were significantly higher than that of normal group（P〈0.05）,while the total antioxidant capacity was significantly lower than normal group（P〈0.05）.The vitamin E content in deficiency in kidney-yin group was significantly lower than that in the other two groups（P〈0.05）.No significant difference in the contents of vitamin C,Cu and Zn were observed in these groups.The Zn/Cu level in deficiency in kidney-yin group and the vitamin E level in deficiency in spleen-yin group decreased,but with no significant difference.Amylase activity in unit time in cases with deficiency in spleen-yin was lower than and had significant differences with that in normal cases,and higher than that in cases with deficiency in kidney-yin.The sectional velocity of saliva and the ratio of lysozyme in normal case group were significantly higher than other two groups,while deficiency in the spleen-yin group was significantly higher than the deficiency in kidney-yin group.Conclusion：All the results indicated that the objective pathological mechanism between the deficiency in spleen-yin and deficiency in kidney-yin was different.

Establishment and evaluation of a mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome

Objective: To establish and evaluate a mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome. Methods: The mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome was established by the treatment with injecting ovalbumin(OVA) two times to sensitize, inhaling OVA 14 times to stimulate, and using thyroxin through lavage during late stimulation. This model was evaluated through body weight, asthmatic behaviors, respiratory function, autonomous activity, lung pathology, and pulmonary fluid clearance. Results: OVA combined with thyroxin was an appropriate method to induce the mouse model with increased food and water intake, autonomous activity, asthmatic behaviors score, and respiratory rate, decreased body weight, tidal volume, and wet/dry ratio of lung, and changed with pathology of lung tissue. The changes of the above mentioned parameters indicated that the model was the bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome. Conclusion: The OVA combined with thyroxin is a good pattern to establish a mouse model of bronchial asthma with Yin deficiency syndrome successfully, which can highly simulate the clinical symptoms of this disease.

The effect of Supplementing Qi and Nourishing Yin combined with chemotherapy for lung cancer： a meta-analysis

Objective： To evaluate whether herbs of supplementing Qi and nourishing Yin combined with chemotherapy （versus chemotherapy alone） improve survival, increase tumor response, improve performance status or reduce chemotherapy toxicity in patients with lung cancer. Methods： Searching the randomized controlled trials （RCT） studies from the databases （China HowNet database, Wan Fang database, VIP database, Master Thesis and Pubmed） between January 2013 and January 2017. RevMan 5.3 software was used to evaluate the quality of these collected papers. Results： Of 48 potentially relevant publications, 10 randomized studies representing 691 patients met inclusion criteria with 369 cases in the supplementing Qi and nourishing Yin plus Chemotherapy group （Herbs ＋ Chem group） and 322 cases in Chemotherapy group （Chem only group）. There were significant differences between Herbs ＋ Chem group and Chem only group in improving the treatment efficacy and reducing the side effects of chemotherapy （P 〈 0.001 for all）. There were also significant differences between the two groups in tumor response and quality of life （P 〈 0.001 for all）. Conclusion： Herbs of supplementing Qi and nourishing Yin may increase chemotherapy effectiveness, reduce chemotherapy toxicity and improve the quality of life of patients with lung cancer when combined with chemotherapy.

Discussion on the Application of Warm Yang to Promote Qi Transformation in Acne Mastitis from“Yang Promotes Qi Transformation and Yin Promotes Forming”

“Yang promotes Qi transformation and Yin promotes forming”maintains the normal progress of human life activities,which is an important embodiment of human vitality.The dysfunction of“Yang promotes Qi transformation and Yin promotes forming”leads to the coagulation of pathological products such as phlegm and blood stasis in the breast meridian,resulting in the occurrence of acne mastitis.In clinical treatment,we should take“warm Yang to promote Qi transformation”as the treatment principle,and add or subtract according to the specific situation.

Regulative Actions of the Chinese Drugs for Tonifying the Kidney on Gene Expression of the Hypothalamic GnRH,Pituitary FSH,LH and Osteoblastic BGP

It is found that the drugs for nourishing yin to reduce pathogenic fire can significantly down-regulate,and the drugs for tonifying the kidney to replenish essence can up-regulate mRNA expression of the hypothalamic GnRH,pituitary FSH,LH and osteoblastic BGP,indicating that the Chinese drugs for tonifying the kidney can regulate gene expression of the hypothalamic GnRH,pituitary FSH,LH,and osteoblastic BGP,which is possibly one of the main mechanisms of the Chinese drug for tonifying the kidney,regulating ephebic development process and improving skeletal development in sexual precocity children.

TCM Treatment for 40 Cases of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Channel Blockage due to Yin Deficiency

To verify the therapeutic effects of the method of softening and lubricating the joints,and calming the endogenous wind in case of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with the syndrome of channel blockage due to yin deficiency,60 RA patients with the syndrome of channel blockage due to yin deficiency were randomly divided into a treatment group (40 cases) and a control group (20 cases) and treated respectively by the above method for the former and with Zheng Qing Feng Tong Ning Tablets (正清风痛宁片) for the latter. The result turned out to be that the effect in the treatment group was very satisfying.The treatment group obtained a better result in the accumulated points of syndrome and RA,morning rigidity of the joints,grip strength,20m walking time and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (P<0.01 or P<0.05).The above indicates that channel blockage due to yin deficiency is an important pathogenesis of RA,and calming the endogenous wind is a method of choice for treating RA.

Study on blood pressure rhythm in hypertensive patients with Yin deficiency syndrome and a random forest model for predicting hypertension with Yin deficiency syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To investigate blood pressure rhythm(BPR)in Yin deficiency syndrome of hypertension(YDSH)patients and develop a random forest model for predicting YDSH.METHODS: Our study was consistent with technical processes and specification for developing guidelines of Evidence-based Chinese medicine clinical practice(T/CACM 1032-2017). We enrolled 234 patients who had been diagnosed with primary hypertension without antihypertensive medications prior to the enrollment. All participants were divided into Yin deficiency group(YX, n = 74) and non-Yin deficiency group(NYX, n = 160).Participants were professionally grouped by three experienced chief Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)physicians according to four examinations(i.e.,inspection, listening and smelling, inquiry and palpation).We collected data on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM) and YDSH rating scale. We divided 24 h of a day into 12 two-hour periods [Chen-Shi(7:00-9:00), Si-Shi(9:00-11:00), Wu-Shi(11:00-13:00), Wei-Shi(13:00-15:00), Shen-Shi(15:00-17:00), You-Shi(17:00-19:00), Xu-Shi(19:00-21:00), Hai-Shi(21:00-23:00), ZiShi(23:00-1:00), Chou-Shi(1:00-3:00), Yin-Shi(3:00-5:00), Mao-Shi(5:00-7:00)] according to the theory of “midnight-midday ebb flow”. We used random forest to build the diagnostic model of YDSH, with whether it was Yin deficiency syndrome as the outcome. RESULTS: Compared with NYX group, YX group had more female participants with older age, lower waist circumference, body mass index(BMI), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), and smoking and drinking rate(all P < 0.05). The YDSH rating scores of YX group [28.5(21.0-36.0)] were significantly higher than NYX group [13.0(8.0-22.0)](P < 0.001), and the typical symptoms of YX group included vexing heat in the chest, palms and soles, dizziness, dry eyes, string-like and fine pulse, soreness and weakness of lumbus and knees, palpitations, reddened cheeks, and tinnitus(all P < 0.05). The ratio of non-dipper hypertension in YX group was higher than in NYX group(56.9% vs 44.4%, P = 0.004). Compared with NYX group, 24 h DBP standard deviation(SD), nighttime DBP SD, Si-Shi DBP, Si-Shi mean arterial pressure(MAP), Hi-Shi systolic blood pressure(SBP), Hi-Shi DBP, Hi-Shi MAP, Zi-Shi SBP, Zi-Shi DBP, Zi-Shi MAP, ChouShi SBP SD, Chou-Shi DBP SD, Chou-Shi SBP coefficient of variation(CV) were lower in YX group(all P < 0.05). Binary Logistic Regression analysis showed that the diagnosis of YDSH was positively correlated with age, heart rate, YDSH rating scores, and four TCM symptoms including vexing heat in the chest, palms and soles, string-like and fine pulse, soreness and weakness of lumbus and knees, and reddened cheeks(all P < 0.05), but was negatively correlated with smoking(P﹥0.05). In addition, the diagnosis of YDSH was positively correlated with daytime SBP SD, nighttime SBP SD, nighttime SBP CV, and Hi-Shi SBP CV, but was negatively correlated with 24 h SBP CV, daytime DBP SD, nighttime DBP SD, and Hi-Shi DBP(all P < 0.05). Hi-Shi SBP CV had independent and positive correlation with the diagnosis of YDSH after adjusting the variables of age, gender, course of hypertension, BMI, waist circumference, SBP, DBP, heart rate, smoking and drinking(P = 0.029). Diagnostic model of YDSH was established and verified based on the random forest. The results showed that the calculation accuracy, specificity and sensitivity were 77.3%, 77.8% and 76.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The BPR was significantly attenuated in YDSH patients, including lower 24 h DBP SD and nighttime DBP SD, and Hi-Shi SBP CV is independently correlated with the diagnosis of YDSH. The prediction accuracy of diagnosis model of YDSH based on the random forest was good, which could be valuable for clinicians to differentiate YDSH and non-Yin deficiency patients for more effective hypertensive treatment of TCM.

CLINICAL OBSERVATION ON 84 CASES OF VENTRICULAR PREMATURE BEAT WITH DEFICIENCY SYNDROME TREATED BY QI LU TANG

From August 1989 to May 1994, 84 cases of ventricular premature beat (VPB) with deficiency syndrome were treated with our empirical prescription called Qi Lu Tang Decoction for Improving Abnormal Heart Beat). The total effective rate was 88.10%, being significantly different from that of the control group treated with the Western drug propafenone (P

Metabonomic phenotype and identification of “heart blood stasis obstruction pattern” and “qi and yin deficiency pattern” of myocardial ischemia rat models

The traditional Chinese medicine concepts of "Xinxueyuzuzheng (heart blood stasis obstruction pattern)" and "Qiyinliangxuzheng (qi and yin deficiency pattern)" for myocardial ischemia rat models were constructed in the present study. Endogenous metabolites in rat plasma were analyzed using the GC/TOF-MS-based metabonomic method. Significant metabolic differences were observed between the control and two model groups, and the three groups were distinguished clearly by pattern recognition. Compared with those of the control, the levels of hydroxyproline, threonic acid, glutamine and citric acid were strikingly up or down-regulated in model rats. The metabolites contributing most to the classification between the two "pattern" rats were identified, such as valine, serine, threonine, ornithine, hydroxyproline, lysine, 2-hydroxybutanoic acid, 3-hydroxybutanoic acid, galactofuranose and inositol. These compounds were indicated as the potential biomarkers. The results suggested that the two "patterns" are involved in dysfunction in oxidative stress, energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism. These findings also provided the substantial foundation for exploring the scientific connotation of these two "Zhengxing (pattern types)" of myocardial ischemia, and "Bianzheng (pattern identification)".

Randomized Double-blinded and Controlled Clinical Trial on Treatment of HIV/AIDS by Zhongyan-4 (中研-4号)

Objective： To assess the efficacy and safety of Zhongyan-4 （中研-4号, ZY-4, a Chinese herbal preparation worked out according to the therapeutic principle of supplementing qi, nourishing Yin, clearing heat and detoxication） in treating HIV/AIDS patients in the early or middle stage. Methods： Adopted was randomized double-blinded and placebo-parallel-controlled method, with 72 HIV/AIDS patients randomly divided into the ZY-4 group （36 patients） treated with ZY-4 and the control group （36 patients） treated with placebo. The treatment course was six months. The index of OD4^＋, OD8^＋ counts, body weight, clinical symptom scoring were estimated at 4 time points （0, 1, 3 and 6 month in the course）, and also the viral load before and after treatment. The whole course of observation was completed in 63 patients, 30 in the ZY-4 group and 33 in the control group. Results： OD4^＋ count in the ZY-4 group got elevated by 7.70 4±150.96/mm^3 on average, while that in the control group lowered by 27.33 4±85.28 /mm^3 . Fifteen out of the 30 patients in the ZY-4 group had their OD4^＋ count increased, which was evidently much higher than that in the control group （8/33, P〈0. 05）, suggesting that the efficacy of ZY-4 is superior to that of placebo in elevating OD4^＋ count. Moreover, ZY-4 showed actions in elevating OD45RA^＋ and OD8^＋ count, reducing HIV virus load, improving clinical symptom/sign and increasing body weight of patients. No obvious adverse reaction was found in the clinical trial. Conclusion： ZY-4 has an immunity-protective and/or rebuilding function in HIV/AIDS patients in the early and middle stage, and also shows effects in lowering viral load, increasing body weight and improving symptoms and signs to a certain degree.

Effect of Huqian Wan on liver-Yin and kidney-Yin deficiency patterns in patients with knee osteoarthritis

OBJECTIVE: To observe the curative effect of Huqian Wan on liver and kidney-Yin deficiency knee osteoarthritis(KOA).METHODS: One hundred patients were randomly divided into a treatment(50 patients) and control group(50 patients). In the treatment group, patients orally took the Chinese medicine Huqian Wan. Control group patients orally took Votalin, 75 mg, once a day, for 8 weeks. The visual analog scale(VAS), Western Ontario and Mc Master University Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC), and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36-Item Health Survey(SF36) were used to evaluate the curative effect before treatment and after 8 and 16 weeks of treatment.RESULTS: VAS and WOMAC scores significantly decreased and SF 36 scores significantly increased after treatment in both groups compared with before treatment(P < 0.05). There were significant differences in VAS, WOMAC, and SF 36 score changes between the two groups at week 16(P < 0.05).There was a significant increase in VAS and WOMAC scores in the control groups(P < 0.05) between weeks 8 and 16, but no significant difference was found in the treatment group(P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: Huqian Wan could effectively improve the clinical symptoms and quality of life in patients with KOA. It could also have a better and longer lasting curative effect without obvious adverse events compared with Votalin.

Thirty-two cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus of qi and yin deficiency treated with laser acupuncture

Objective To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of laser acupuncture on type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)of qi and yin deficiency type.Methods Laser acupuncture was used to treat 32 patients of T2DM.Acupoint selection:Fèishū(肺俞BL13),Píshū(脾俞BL20),Shènshū(肾俞BL23),Wǎnxiàshū(胃脘下俞EX-B3),Sānyīnjiāo(三阴交SP6)and Zúsānlĭ足三里(ST36).It took 20 min in each treatment,five treatments a week.There were 2 days of interval in 2 weeks of treatment.Before and after treatment,the changes in fasting plasma glucose(FPG),postprandial 2 h glucose(2hPG),fasting insulin(FINS),glycosylated albumin(GA),insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR)and the symptom score of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)were observed in the patients.The therapeutic effect was evaluated.Results Of 32 cases,8 cases were remarkably effective,18 cases effective and 6 cases failed.The total effective rate was 81.3%.At the end of treatment course,the level of every indicator after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment(all P<0.01).Conclusion Laser acupuncture achieves the significant therapeutic effect on T2DM of qi and yin deficiency and this therapy deserves to be promoted in clinical application.

Saliva secreting functions in patients with TCM-Piyinxu

AIM To investigate the secreting functions of saliva in patients with TCM Piyinxu (Spleen yin deficiency). METHODS According to the traditional Chinese medical diagnositic standard, 25 cases of Piyinxu (male 15, female 10, aged from 26～70, average 45 years) were observed and compared with 20 cases of Shenyinxu (Kidney yin deficiency) patients (male 11, female 9, aged from 35～75, average 50) and 30 normal persons (male 17, female 13, aged from 35～65, average 49). After acid stimulation, the secretion flow was measured, the saliva amylase and protein were surveyed using the automatic biochemical analyzer. Statistical analysis was carried out with Kruskal Wallis test and one way factorial ANOVA test. RESULTS In Piyinxu patients, the saliva′s secreting flow rate (0 27ml/min±0 016ml/min) and amylase per min (2134 13IU/min±343 51IU/min) was lower than that in normal subjects (0 46ml/min±0 027ml/min and 3501 63IU/min±1099 63IU/min, P <0 01) and higher than that in Shenyinxu group (0 13ml/min±0 051ml/min and 951 62IU/min±383 17IU/min, P <0 01). But there was no significant difference between each group in total salivary protein (Piyinxu group 3 07g/L±0 60g/L, Shenyinxu 3 01g/L±0 90g/L and control 2 94g/L±1 13g/L, P =0 869), amylase per volume and the ratio of the amylase to the protein ( P =0 173 and 0 436). CONCLUSION The secreting functions of saliva in Piyinxu patients are low.