沥青混合料中胶浆疲劳破坏与变形分析

沥青胶浆的特性对沥青混合料的疲劳性能有着重要影响。采用四点弯曲疲劳试验,结合数字图像相关方法,获取沥青混合料小梁试件底面加载过程中的位移场,提出适用于沥青胶浆的应变计算方法。通过累计耗散能比DER曲线判断疲劳破坏,将破坏前沥青胶浆应变与混合料应变进行对比。分析结果表明胶浆应变整体均大于混合料平均应变,在加载初期两者相差不大,达到疲劳破坏时胶浆应变约为混合料平均应变约3到5倍。为了评价胶浆变形对整体变形的贡献,采用数字图像处理技术从灰度图中提取出胶浆并算出面积,计算出胶浆变形大小占整体变形的比例,证明了混合料变形主要来自胶浆变形。

SOME THOUGHTS ON A RECENTLY DISCOVERED OBELISK TRANSPORTATION SCENE

The discovery at Gebel el Silsila in 2015 of a scene depicting the transport of obelisks by watercraft provided the opportunity to reconsider the means and hull type that could be employed for this task,other than the lighter depicted in Hatshepsuts’temple at Deir el Bahari.Although seriously damaged,it was clear that the Gebel el Silsila craft was a different hull type to the Hatshepsut lighter.In this article,I advance concepts regarding the Gebel el Silsila scene.These include the sizes of the obelisks aboard,their means of stowage,some proposals as to the size of the hull and an attempt to deduce the hull type itself.As this is the only known depiction of obelisk transportation,other than the Hatshepsut scene,it is hoped that this paper will provoke additional examination,research and rigorous debate into this depiction of obelisk transportation.

王权、节日与麦地那工匠村:阿蒙霍特普一世节日研究

依赖王权支持而产生的阿蒙霍特普一世节日在麦地那工匠村发挥着重要作用,凭借阿蒙霍特普一世个人崇拜的信仰基础以及后世统治者的支持,这一节日成为王权与麦地那工匠村紧密联系的桥梁。以纪念国王为主题的阿蒙霍特普一世节日,通过节日巡游重现国王死后神化的过程,在巩固阿蒙霍特普一世地位的同时,王权也得到彰显。而节日中以国王为主导的神谕审判则是国王和麦地那工匠直接沟通互动的重要途径,当地民众不仅借助国王神谕解决日常纠纷,还以节日为窗口展现出麦地那工匠村的社会生活状况,于是,节日、王权和麦地那工匠村三者共同构建起了一个稳定的关系网络,其中起主导作用的阿蒙霍特普一世节日,成为我们研究麦地那居民生活及其与王权互动的主要对象。