In Critique of Pure Reason （1996）, Immanuel Kant says that the term ＂aesthetic＂ means ＂the science of the laws of sensibility＂ and suggests giving up usage of it to indicate ＂the critique of taste＂ which execu...In Critique of Pure Reason （1996）, Immanuel Kant says that the term ＂aesthetic＂ means ＂the science of the laws of sensibility＂ and suggests giving up usage of it to indicate ＂the critique of taste＂ which executes the criticism of the beautiful. It is well known that Gilles Deleuze was inspired by all genres of the arts, namely movies, paintings, music, and so on. However, this paper argues that what is more essential for Deleuzian philosophy is aesthetics as a science of sensibility. What motivated Deleuze, especially from the 1950s to the 1960s, seems to have consisted in discovering the weaknesses of the Kantian aesthetic in order to take it apart. In fact, one of the main themes in Difference and Repetition （1994） was to free ＂sensibility＂ itself from Kant＇s philosophical system. This theme subsisted in his writing even after the 1970s, and led him to develop a ＂natural philosophy＂ of sorts. This is because the supposition that ＂the sensibility itself＂ is independent from any human faculties gave him an opportunity to carefully consider the multiplicity and productivity of Nature itself. Finally, Deleuze created his own ＂ethology＂ that would capture the increasingly interrelated movements within Nature produced by heterogeneous elements. This paper describes the process of Deleuzian thought as outlined above, surveying his view of Kantian philosophy and the development of his natural philosophy as ＂the aesthetics of Nature.＂展开更多
Hannah Arendt, the new film by the German director Margarethe Von Trotta, does not seem just like another trying to represent philosophy through the classic cinematic storytelling. It builds instead a perfect dialogue...Hannah Arendt, the new film by the German director Margarethe Von Trotta, does not seem just like another trying to represent philosophy through the classic cinematic storytelling. It builds instead a perfect dialogue between these two practices that never encroach each other： There is not any doctrine that prevents cinema＇s freedom to create images and any philosophy claim that forces cinema to find in images an alternative way of expression. Von Trotta leaves any biopic form and stages a harmonic building where cinema fulfills philosophy and philosophy fulfills cinema. In this way she gets an outright practical exhibition of a theory, the ＂banality of evil＂. We want to comprehend the reasons of this perfect building analyzing this film, its characters with their acts, all the images their montage, and editing, everything that supports the Arendt＇s philosophical notion. We work on the film with the philosophical categories created by Gilles Deleuze to study the history of cinema in two essays, Image-mouvement and Image-time. In this way we can unfold how Margarethe Von Trotta represents a theory through images, without any word as intermediary展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to engage with Gilles Deleuze＇s work on time and space in cinema as a theoretical trajectory for exploring the video art of Lia Lapithi Shukuroglou. In Cinema 2： The Time-Image （1989）,...The purpose of this paper is to engage with Gilles Deleuze＇s work on time and space in cinema as a theoretical trajectory for exploring the video art of Lia Lapithi Shukuroglou. In Cinema 2： The Time-Image （1989）, Deleuze argues that post-Second World War cinema has been shaped by a historical transformation compelling it to create new signs and images. Centering on the post-war landscape of Cyprus in 1974, the moment of ＂historical transformation＂ in Deleuze is transposed to this national context; examining Lapithi＇s response to the crisis of historical time in its relation to physical spaces. It negotiates a contextualized reading of three videos and argues that they manifest Deleuzian ＂time-images＂. These texts react to the territorialization of real spaces by deterritorializing official national history. Using Martin Jones＇ study, Deleuze, cinema and national identity： Narrative time in national contexts （2006） Lapithi＇s time-images are interpreted as ＂unruly＂ as they resist a linear narrative and destabilize public time. Contrary to Martin Jones＇s view that time-images constitute a temporary deviation from flowing national time, the author argues that Lapithi excavates alternative temporalities in perpetuity; whilst proposing that in the context of Cyprus the deterritorialization of space by time postpones the nation＇s identity.展开更多
As a cross-linguistic,cross-cultural,and cross-social activity,translation is affected by cultural moralities.Since the ethical standard of faithfulness has been abandoned by theories of cultural criticism and the pow...As a cross-linguistic,cross-cultural,and cross-social activity,translation is affected by cultural moralities.Since the ethical standard of faithfulness has been abandoned by theories of cultural criticism and the power of translators’manipulation has been constantly exaggerated,the study of translation ethics is an effective remedy for a current dilemma in translation studies.It is a common phenomenon for some translators to erase the linguistic and cultural differences of Chinese literature by catering to target readers’reception.Social ethics is the foundation of a nation’s translation ethics,which means that thoughts from the Western world may not be suitable for the current situation in China.Learning from concepts of Chinese philosophy including harmony in diversity,seeking common ground while reserving differences,and honesty to formulate a new translation ethics will surely restrain translators’subjectivity within appropriate limits and develop world culture in more harmonious fashion.展开更多
ZTE Corporation is China's largest listed telecommunication equipment manufacturer and a total solution provider. In the past 20 years ZTE has achieved a very rapid growth while in the past 3 years it attained an ...ZTE Corporation is China's largest listed telecommunication equipment manufacturer and a total solution provider. In the past 20 years ZTE has achieved a very rapid growth while in the past 3 years it attained an average annual growth rate of over 35%. In order to attain a continual growth in the coming years, ZTE is now strengthening up its globalization strategy. As a future-oriented technology, 3G has become the focus. Based on a brief introduction of 3G applications at home and abroad, this paper puts forward ZTE' s 3G development strategy.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to contribute to the identification and characterization of the various types of intuition put forward by Poincar6, taking his texts as a laboratory for looking for what intuition might be. I ...The aim of this paper is to contribute to the identification and characterization of the various types of intuition put forward by Poincar6, taking his texts as a laboratory for looking for what intuition might be. I will stress that these diverse conceptions are mainly formulated in the context of Poincar6＇s controversies in opposition to logicism, to formalism, and in the context of Poincar6＇s very peculiar conventionalism. I will try to demonstrate that, in each case, Poincar~ comes close to a specific tradition （Kant, of course, but also Leibniz and Peirce）.展开更多
The evolution and development of Searle’s philosophy of mind can be divided into two important stages,i.e.the origin and beginning stage between 1960sand 1970s,the formation and development stage since 1980s.Searle’...The evolution and development of Searle’s philosophy of mind can be divided into two important stages,i.e.the origin and beginning stage between 1960sand 1970s,the formation and development stage since 1980s.Searle’s Speech Act Theory started the research on philosophy of mind,which is considered as the origin of his philosophy of mind.The Theories of Intentionality and Chinese Room Argument are the most important and most influential academic findings in his research in the field of philosophy of mind,which lay a solid theoretical foundation for the formation and development of his theories of philosophy of mind.Searle’s philosophy of mind finds wide prospect in the research field,which provides a new direction to understand the world and probe into mind,proposes a new perspective and methodology for the study of language,and promotes the new development of the study of language.展开更多
This article presents four (4) additions to a book on the brain’s OS published by SciRP in 2015 [1]. It is a kind of appendix to the book. Some familiarity with the earlier book is presupposed. The book itself propos...This article presents four (4) additions to a book on the brain’s OS published by SciRP in 2015 [1]. It is a kind of appendix to the book. Some familiarity with the earlier book is presupposed. The book itself proposes a complete physical and mathematical blueprint of the brain’s OS. A first addition to the book (see Chapters 5 to 10 below) concerns the relation between the afore-mentioned blueprint and the more than 2000-year-old so-called fundamental laws of thought of logic and philosophy, which came to be viewed as being three (3) in number, namely the laws of 1) Identity, 2) Contradiction, and 3) the Excluded Middle. The blueprint and the laws cannot both be the final foundation of the brain’s OS. The design of the present paper is to interpret the laws in strictly mathematical terms in light of the blueprint. This addition constitutes the bulk of the present article. Chapters 5 to 8 set the stage. Chapters 9 and 10 present a detailed mathematical analysis of the laws. A second addition to the book (Chapter 11) concerns the distinction between the laws and the axioms of the brain’s OS. Laws are part of physics. Axioms are part of mathematics. Since the theory of the brain’s OS involves both physics and mathematics, it exhibits both laws and axioms. A third addition (Chapter 12) to the book involves an additional flavor of digitality in the brain’s OS. In the book, there are five (5). But brain chemistry requires a sixth. It will be called Existence Digitality. A fourth addition (Chapter 13) concerns reflections on the role of imagination in theories of physics in light of the ignorance of deeper causes. Chapters 1 to 4 present preliminary matter, for the most part a brief survey of general concepts derived from what is in the book [1]. Some historical notes are gathered at the end in Chapter 14.展开更多
Formulations of children＇s rights rest on assumptions about the nature of childhood yet conceptions of childhood are not stable across time and space. Such conceptions can be understood as placing different emphases ...Formulations of children＇s rights rest on assumptions about the nature of childhood yet conceptions of childhood are not stable across time and space. Such conceptions can be understood as placing different emphases among three different factors： the child as subservient to parents and ancestors （Child 1）, as a young person requiring special protection and having characteristics distinct from adults （Child 2） and as a novice （Child 3）. Different social arrangements place relatively different emphases on these three factors in their overall conceptions of childhood. Adopting the distinction between Will and Interest rights （Archard 2002）, the paper considers how an emphasis on Child 1, 2 or 3 presupposes and demands a distinctive consideration of children＇s rights. The argument concludes with a reflection on how children＇s rights might be construed if the nature of adulthood is problematised alongside that of childhood. In this case, capabilities （as means to enable functionings） may prove a more fruitful concept than rights （as actual or possible existential conditions）.展开更多
This article analyzes the philosophic significance of women＇s academic works in three major schools of feminist political theories. The author first argues that the universal masculine political subjects are faced wi...This article analyzes the philosophic significance of women＇s academic works in three major schools of feminist political theories. The author first argues that the universal masculine political subjects are faced with unavoidable dilemmas in social life, which can only be solved by restoring the philosophic ontology of women＇s humanity. This paper uncovers intellectual values of love, care, and harmonious relationships from liberal feminist theories, prioritizes radical feminists＇ postulation that female sexuality plays complicated roles in struggles against patriarchal rule and explores socialist feminists＇ propositions about women＇s productive and reproductive labor as a part of the economic foundations of society. The author concludes that women＇s work is essential for constructing the concrete epistemology and humanity in any philosophic work, because classical philosophers＇ denial of women＇s life experiences has violated their own epistemological standpoints for isolating knowledge from social practices.展开更多
Marx,as one of the founders of Marxism,experienced a significant transformation in his thought during the period of 1843-1844.The Introduction to Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right(hereafter referred to as the I...Marx,as one of the founders of Marxism,experienced a significant transformation in his thought during the period of 1843-1844.The Introduction to Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right(hereafter referred to as the Introduction)is one of Marx’s most representative works from this time.Lenin noted that this text,along with Marx’s On the Jewish Question,marks Marx’s transition from idealism and revolutionary democracy to materialism.In this renowned text,Marx offers a rational critique of the absolute authority of religion,articulates a vision for human emancipation,and envisages the possibility of free and comprehensive human development.During this intellectual shift,Marx absorbed the essence of German classical philosophy and,from a positivist perspective,began employing critical thinking and materialist expression.This enabled him to embark on a path of critique addressing both the religious and real social worlds.In the new era,systematically studying Marxist classic works allows for the exploration of their contemporary relevance.By aligning these classics with specific directions outlined in reports such as those from the 20th CPC Central Committee’s Third Plenary Session,the vitality of these works can be reinvigorated for the modern age.展开更多
文摘In Critique of Pure Reason （1996）, Immanuel Kant says that the term ＂aesthetic＂ means ＂the science of the laws of sensibility＂ and suggests giving up usage of it to indicate ＂the critique of taste＂ which executes the criticism of the beautiful. It is well known that Gilles Deleuze was inspired by all genres of the arts, namely movies, paintings, music, and so on. However, this paper argues that what is more essential for Deleuzian philosophy is aesthetics as a science of sensibility. What motivated Deleuze, especially from the 1950s to the 1960s, seems to have consisted in discovering the weaknesses of the Kantian aesthetic in order to take it apart. In fact, one of the main themes in Difference and Repetition （1994） was to free ＂sensibility＂ itself from Kant＇s philosophical system. This theme subsisted in his writing even after the 1970s, and led him to develop a ＂natural philosophy＂ of sorts. This is because the supposition that ＂the sensibility itself＂ is independent from any human faculties gave him an opportunity to carefully consider the multiplicity and productivity of Nature itself. Finally, Deleuze created his own ＂ethology＂ that would capture the increasingly interrelated movements within Nature produced by heterogeneous elements. This paper describes the process of Deleuzian thought as outlined above, surveying his view of Kantian philosophy and the development of his natural philosophy as ＂the aesthetics of Nature.＂
文摘Hannah Arendt, the new film by the German director Margarethe Von Trotta, does not seem just like another trying to represent philosophy through the classic cinematic storytelling. It builds instead a perfect dialogue between these two practices that never encroach each other： There is not any doctrine that prevents cinema＇s freedom to create images and any philosophy claim that forces cinema to find in images an alternative way of expression. Von Trotta leaves any biopic form and stages a harmonic building where cinema fulfills philosophy and philosophy fulfills cinema. In this way she gets an outright practical exhibition of a theory, the ＂banality of evil＂. We want to comprehend the reasons of this perfect building analyzing this film, its characters with their acts, all the images their montage, and editing, everything that supports the Arendt＇s philosophical notion. We work on the film with the philosophical categories created by Gilles Deleuze to study the history of cinema in two essays, Image-mouvement and Image-time. In this way we can unfold how Margarethe Von Trotta represents a theory through images, without any word as intermediary
文摘The purpose of this paper is to engage with Gilles Deleuze＇s work on time and space in cinema as a theoretical trajectory for exploring the video art of Lia Lapithi Shukuroglou. In Cinema 2： The Time-Image （1989）, Deleuze argues that post-Second World War cinema has been shaped by a historical transformation compelling it to create new signs and images. Centering on the post-war landscape of Cyprus in 1974, the moment of ＂historical transformation＂ in Deleuze is transposed to this national context; examining Lapithi＇s response to the crisis of historical time in its relation to physical spaces. It negotiates a contextualized reading of three videos and argues that they manifest Deleuzian ＂time-images＂. These texts react to the territorialization of real spaces by deterritorializing official national history. Using Martin Jones＇ study, Deleuze, cinema and national identity： Narrative time in national contexts （2006） Lapithi＇s time-images are interpreted as ＂unruly＂ as they resist a linear narrative and destabilize public time. Contrary to Martin Jones＇s view that time-images constitute a temporary deviation from flowing national time, the author argues that Lapithi excavates alternative temporalities in perpetuity; whilst proposing that in the context of Cyprus the deterritorialization of space by time postpones the nation＇s identity.
文摘As a cross-linguistic,cross-cultural,and cross-social activity,translation is affected by cultural moralities.Since the ethical standard of faithfulness has been abandoned by theories of cultural criticism and the power of translators’manipulation has been constantly exaggerated,the study of translation ethics is an effective remedy for a current dilemma in translation studies.It is a common phenomenon for some translators to erase the linguistic and cultural differences of Chinese literature by catering to target readers’reception.Social ethics is the foundation of a nation’s translation ethics,which means that thoughts from the Western world may not be suitable for the current situation in China.Learning from concepts of Chinese philosophy including harmony in diversity,seeking common ground while reserving differences,and honesty to formulate a new translation ethics will surely restrain translators’subjectivity within appropriate limits and develop world culture in more harmonious fashion.
文摘ZTE Corporation is China's largest listed telecommunication equipment manufacturer and a total solution provider. In the past 20 years ZTE has achieved a very rapid growth while in the past 3 years it attained an average annual growth rate of over 35%. In order to attain a continual growth in the coming years, ZTE is now strengthening up its globalization strategy. As a future-oriented technology, 3G has become the focus. Based on a brief introduction of 3G applications at home and abroad, this paper puts forward ZTE' s 3G development strategy.
文摘The aim of this paper is to contribute to the identification and characterization of the various types of intuition put forward by Poincar6, taking his texts as a laboratory for looking for what intuition might be. I will stress that these diverse conceptions are mainly formulated in the context of Poincar6＇s controversies in opposition to logicism, to formalism, and in the context of Poincar6＇s very peculiar conventionalism. I will try to demonstrate that, in each case, Poincar~ comes close to a specific tradition （Kant, of course, but also Leibniz and Peirce）.
基金funded by the Postgraduate English Education and Teaching Research Project of Chongqing Education Commission in 2012(No.yjg123080)
文摘The evolution and development of Searle’s philosophy of mind can be divided into two important stages,i.e.the origin and beginning stage between 1960sand 1970s,the formation and development stage since 1980s.Searle’s Speech Act Theory started the research on philosophy of mind,which is considered as the origin of his philosophy of mind.The Theories of Intentionality and Chinese Room Argument are the most important and most influential academic findings in his research in the field of philosophy of mind,which lay a solid theoretical foundation for the formation and development of his theories of philosophy of mind.Searle’s philosophy of mind finds wide prospect in the research field,which provides a new direction to understand the world and probe into mind,proposes a new perspective and methodology for the study of language,and promotes the new development of the study of language.
文摘This article presents four (4) additions to a book on the brain’s OS published by SciRP in 2015 [1]. It is a kind of appendix to the book. Some familiarity with the earlier book is presupposed. The book itself proposes a complete physical and mathematical blueprint of the brain’s OS. A first addition to the book (see Chapters 5 to 10 below) concerns the relation between the afore-mentioned blueprint and the more than 2000-year-old so-called fundamental laws of thought of logic and philosophy, which came to be viewed as being three (3) in number, namely the laws of 1) Identity, 2) Contradiction, and 3) the Excluded Middle. The blueprint and the laws cannot both be the final foundation of the brain’s OS. The design of the present paper is to interpret the laws in strictly mathematical terms in light of the blueprint. This addition constitutes the bulk of the present article. Chapters 5 to 8 set the stage. Chapters 9 and 10 present a detailed mathematical analysis of the laws. A second addition to the book (Chapter 11) concerns the distinction between the laws and the axioms of the brain’s OS. Laws are part of physics. Axioms are part of mathematics. Since the theory of the brain’s OS involves both physics and mathematics, it exhibits both laws and axioms. A third addition (Chapter 12) to the book involves an additional flavor of digitality in the brain’s OS. In the book, there are five (5). But brain chemistry requires a sixth. It will be called Existence Digitality. A fourth addition (Chapter 13) concerns reflections on the role of imagination in theories of physics in light of the ignorance of deeper causes. Chapters 1 to 4 present preliminary matter, for the most part a brief survey of general concepts derived from what is in the book [1]. Some historical notes are gathered at the end in Chapter 14.
文摘Formulations of children＇s rights rest on assumptions about the nature of childhood yet conceptions of childhood are not stable across time and space. Such conceptions can be understood as placing different emphases among three different factors： the child as subservient to parents and ancestors （Child 1）, as a young person requiring special protection and having characteristics distinct from adults （Child 2） and as a novice （Child 3）. Different social arrangements place relatively different emphases on these three factors in their overall conceptions of childhood. Adopting the distinction between Will and Interest rights （Archard 2002）, the paper considers how an emphasis on Child 1, 2 or 3 presupposes and demands a distinctive consideration of children＇s rights. The argument concludes with a reflection on how children＇s rights might be construed if the nature of adulthood is problematised alongside that of childhood. In this case, capabilities （as means to enable functionings） may prove a more fruitful concept than rights （as actual or possible existential conditions）.
文摘This article analyzes the philosophic significance of women＇s academic works in three major schools of feminist political theories. The author first argues that the universal masculine political subjects are faced with unavoidable dilemmas in social life, which can only be solved by restoring the philosophic ontology of women＇s humanity. This paper uncovers intellectual values of love, care, and harmonious relationships from liberal feminist theories, prioritizes radical feminists＇ postulation that female sexuality plays complicated roles in struggles against patriarchal rule and explores socialist feminists＇ propositions about women＇s productive and reproductive labor as a part of the economic foundations of society. The author concludes that women＇s work is essential for constructing the concrete epistemology and humanity in any philosophic work, because classical philosophers＇ denial of women＇s life experiences has violated their own epistemological standpoints for isolating knowledge from social practices.
文摘Marx,as one of the founders of Marxism,experienced a significant transformation in his thought during the period of 1843-1844.The Introduction to Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right(hereafter referred to as the Introduction)is one of Marx’s most representative works from this time.Lenin noted that this text,along with Marx’s On the Jewish Question,marks Marx’s transition from idealism and revolutionary democracy to materialism.In this renowned text,Marx offers a rational critique of the absolute authority of religion,articulates a vision for human emancipation,and envisages the possibility of free and comprehensive human development.During this intellectual shift,Marx absorbed the essence of German classical philosophy and,from a positivist perspective,began employing critical thinking and materialist expression.This enabled him to embark on a path of critique addressing both the religious and real social worlds.In the new era,systematically studying Marxist classic works allows for the exploration of their contemporary relevance.By aligning these classics with specific directions outlined in reports such as those from the 20th CPC Central Committee’s Third Plenary Session,the vitality of these works can be reinvigorated for the modern age.
