Knowledge transference and ability training are 2 standing points and starting points for the industry demands-oriented talent cultivation of modern higher education.In terms of landscape design knowledge,the landscap...Knowledge transference and ability training are 2 standing points and starting points for the industry demands-oriented talent cultivation of modern higher education.In terms of landscape design knowledge,the landscape design industry requires 3 major knowledge modules,namely basic knowledge and theories,professional knowledge,and relevant knowledge;in terms of ability,it also requires 3 major ability modules,namely computer-aided design(CAD),design performance ability and ability of making conception,and each of them includes many specific knowledge points and ability points.It is important for such teaching processes as real question and proposition teaching,studio teaching and project-led teaching to propose a dual-track talent cultivation scheme focusing on both theoretical knowledge and practical ability according to the needs of landscape design industry.Moreover,it is imperative to arrange relevant courses and curriculum group that reflect knowledge and ability demands,as well as practicing courses or comprehensive design projects based on ability structure.展开更多
The demand for fast charging is increasing owing to the rapid expansion of the market for electric vehicles. In addition, the power generation technology for distributed photovoltaic has matured. This paper presents a...The demand for fast charging is increasing owing to the rapid expansion of the market for electric vehicles. In addition, the power generation technology for distributed photovoltaic has matured. This paper presents a design scheme for a fast charging station for electric vehicles equipped with distributed photovoltaic power generation system taking the area with certain conditions in Beijing as an example construction site. The technical indexes and equipment lectotype covering the general framework and subsystems of the charging station are determined by analyzing the charging service demand of fast charging stations. In this study, the layout of the station is developed and the operation benefits of the station is analyzed. The design scheme realizes the design objective of "rationalization, modularization and intelligentization" of the fast charging station and can be used as reference for the construction of a fast charging network in urban area.展开更多
In the research on the smart community pension service,it is found that the problems encountered in the promotion of the smart pension can not be solved in the short term because of the lack of information and the acc...In the research on the smart community pension service,it is found that the problems encountered in the promotion of the smart pension can not be solved in the short term because of the lack of information and the acceptance of the intelligent products by the elderly. This paper puts forward the research ideas based on the cognitive characteristics and demand prediction of the specific population. Focusing on the research on the pension needs of people born in the 1960 s or 1970 s,it provides support for the solution of smart pension services in the peak period of aging population in the future.展开更多
Constructed wetland was first introduced into the United Kingdom in the middle of 1980s,following a visit by a group of scientist to Western Germany.In the past 2 decades,the applications of constructed wetlands in th...Constructed wetland was first introduced into the United Kingdom in the middle of 1980s,following a visit by a group of scientist to Western Germany.In the past 2 decades,the applications of constructed wetlands in this country have expanded substantially,due to the demand for green technologies and rising cost of fossil fuel energies.This paper reported a statistical investigation of the performances of 78 horizontal flow wetlands,representatives of such system in the United Kingdom.Alternative design equations,based on organic matter removal efficiency,have been developed from Monod kinetics,and the accuracy and reliability of current and alternative design approaches have been examined.展开更多
It was shown from the study on the recently near-fault earthquake ground motions that the near-fault effects were seldom considered in the existing Chinese seismic code. Referring to the UBC97 design concept for near-...It was shown from the study on the recently near-fault earthquake ground motions that the near-fault effects were seldom considered in the existing Chinese seismic code. Referring to the UBC97 design concept for near-fault factors, based on the collected world-widely free-site records of near-fault earthquakes ground motions classified by earthquake magnitude and site condition, the attenuation relationship expressions of the acceleration spectrum demand at the key points within the long period and moderate period were established in term of the earthquake magnitude and the site condition. Furthermore, the near-fault factors＇ expressions about the earthquake magnitude and the fault distance were deduced for the area lack of near-fault strong earthquake records. Based on the current Chinese Building Seismic Design Code, the near-fault effect factors and the modified design spectral curves, which were valuable for the seismic design, were proposed to analyze the seismic response of structures.展开更多
The allocation of facilities and customers is a key problem in the design of supply chains of companies. In this paper, this issue is approached by partitioning the territory in areas where the distribution points are...The allocation of facilities and customers is a key problem in the design of supply chains of companies. In this paper, this issue is approached by partitioning the territory in areas where the distribution points are allocated. The demand is modelled through a set of continuous functions based on the population density of the geographic units of the territory. Because the partitioning problem is NP hard, it is necessary to use heuristic methods to obtain reliable solutions in terms of quality and response time. The Neighborhood Variable Search and Simulated Annealing heuristics have been selected for the study because of their proven efficiency in difficult combinatorial optimization problems. The execution time is the variable chosen for a factorial experimental design to determine the best-performing heuristics in the problem. In order to compare the quality of the solutions in the territorial partition, we have chosen the execution time as the common parameter to compare the two heuristics. At this point, we have developed a factorial statistical experimental design to select the best heuristic approaches to this problem. Thus, we generate a territorial partition with the best performing heuristics for this problem and proceed to the application of the location-allocation model, where the demand is modelled by a set of continuous functions based on the population density of the geographical units of the territory.展开更多
Recent seismic events have raised concerns over the safety and vulnerability of reinforced concrete moment resisting frame ＂RC-MRF＂ buildings. The seismic response of such buildings is greatly dependent on the compu...Recent seismic events have raised concerns over the safety and vulnerability of reinforced concrete moment resisting frame ＂RC-MRF＂ buildings. The seismic response of such buildings is greatly dependent on the computational tools used and the inherent assumptions in the modelling process. Thus, it is essential to investigate the sensitivity of the response demands to the corresponding modelling assumption. Many parameters and assumptions are justified to generate effective structural finite element（FE） models of buildings to simulate lateral behaviour and evaluate seismic design demands. As such, the present study focuses on the development of reliable FE models with various levels of refinement. The effects of the FE modelling assumptions on the seismic response demands on the design of buildings are investigated. the predictive ability of a FE model is tied to the accuracy of numerical analysis; a numerical analysis is performed for a series of symmetric buildings in active seismic zones. The results of the seismic response demands are presented in a comparative format to confirm drift and strength limits requirements. A proposed model is formulated based on a simplified modeling approach, where the most refined model is used to calibrate the simplified model.展开更多
Excavation damage under high in situ stress depends largely upon the potential block size associated with any violent ejection.The size and shape of the dynamic instability are largely controlled by the location,orien...Excavation damage under high in situ stress depends largely upon the potential block size associated with any violent ejection.The size and shape of the dynamic instability are largely controlled by the location,orientation and extent of the pre-existing geological discontinuities.A new methodology is presented in which the rock mass demand can be expressed in terms of the mass in tonnes of unstable rock that is ejected per unit area of the excavation surface where failure occurs.A probabilistic approach has been implemented to estimate the potential rock mass instabilities and their associated static and dynamic demands.The new methodology considers that the strain energy released by the rock mass during violent stress-driven failure is largely converted into kinetic energy of ejection for blocks.The estimated dynamic demand has been favourably compared with observations of rock mass damage in a number of underground excavations.展开更多
Following several damaging earthquakes in China, research has been devoted to find the causes of the collapse of reinforced concrete （RC） building sand studying the vulnerability of existing buildings. The Chinese C...Following several damaging earthquakes in China, research has been devoted to find the causes of the collapse of reinforced concrete （RC） building sand studying the vulnerability of existing buildings. The Chinese Code for Seismic Design of Buildings （CCSDB） has evolved over time, however, there is still reported earthquake induced damage of newly designed RC buildings. Thus, to investigate modern Chinese seismic design code, three low-, mid- and high-rise RC frames were designed according to the 2010 CCSDB and the corresponding vulnerability curves were derived by computing a probabilistic seismic demand model （PSDM）.The PSDM was computed by carrying out nonlinear time history analysis using thirty ground motions obtained from the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center. Finally, the PSDM was used to generate fragility curves for immediate occupancy, significant damage, and collapse prevention damage levels. Results of the vulnerability assessment indicate that the seismic demands on the three different frames designed according to the 2010 CCSDB meet the seismic requirements and are almost in the same safety level.展开更多
基金Sponsored by 2014 Teaching Reform Program of Sichuan Provincial Department of Education(433)
文摘Knowledge transference and ability training are 2 standing points and starting points for the industry demands-oriented talent cultivation of modern higher education.In terms of landscape design knowledge,the landscape design industry requires 3 major knowledge modules,namely basic knowledge and theories,professional knowledge,and relevant knowledge;in terms of ability,it also requires 3 major ability modules,namely computer-aided design(CAD),design performance ability and ability of making conception,and each of them includes many specific knowledge points and ability points.It is important for such teaching processes as real question and proposition teaching,studio teaching and project-led teaching to propose a dual-track talent cultivation scheme focusing on both theoretical knowledge and practical ability according to the needs of landscape design industry.Moreover,it is imperative to arrange relevant courses and curriculum group that reflect knowledge and ability demands,as well as practicing courses or comprehensive design projects based on ability structure.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China–Comprehensive Demonstration Project of Smart Grid Supporting Lowcarbon Winter Olympics(No.2016YFB0900500)
文摘The demand for fast charging is increasing owing to the rapid expansion of the market for electric vehicles. In addition, the power generation technology for distributed photovoltaic has matured. This paper presents a design scheme for a fast charging station for electric vehicles equipped with distributed photovoltaic power generation system taking the area with certain conditions in Beijing as an example construction site. The technical indexes and equipment lectotype covering the general framework and subsystems of the charging station are determined by analyzing the charging service demand of fast charging stations. In this study, the layout of the station is developed and the operation benefits of the station is analyzed. The design scheme realizes the design objective of "rationalization, modularization and intelligentization" of the fast charging station and can be used as reference for the construction of a fast charging network in urban area.
基金This paper is the research result of the social science planning project of Chongqing(subject number:2018QNYS70)and the educational planning project of Chongqing(subject number:2017-GX-273).
文摘In the research on the smart community pension service,it is found that the problems encountered in the promotion of the smart pension can not be solved in the short term because of the lack of information and the acceptance of the intelligent products by the elderly. This paper puts forward the research ideas based on the cognitive characteristics and demand prediction of the specific population. Focusing on the research on the pension needs of people born in the 1960 s or 1970 s,it provides support for the solution of smart pension services in the peak period of aging population in the future.
文摘Constructed wetland was first introduced into the United Kingdom in the middle of 1980s,following a visit by a group of scientist to Western Germany.In the past 2 decades,the applications of constructed wetlands in this country have expanded substantially,due to the demand for green technologies and rising cost of fossil fuel energies.This paper reported a statistical investigation of the performances of 78 horizontal flow wetlands,representatives of such system in the United Kingdom.Alternative design equations,based on organic matter removal efficiency,have been developed from Monod kinetics,and the accuracy and reliability of current and alternative design approaches have been examined.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (50278002)Dalian Nationalities University Ph D Foundation (20066104)
文摘It was shown from the study on the recently near-fault earthquake ground motions that the near-fault effects were seldom considered in the existing Chinese seismic code. Referring to the UBC97 design concept for near-fault factors, based on the collected world-widely free-site records of near-fault earthquakes ground motions classified by earthquake magnitude and site condition, the attenuation relationship expressions of the acceleration spectrum demand at the key points within the long period and moderate period were established in term of the earthquake magnitude and the site condition. Furthermore, the near-fault factors＇ expressions about the earthquake magnitude and the fault distance were deduced for the area lack of near-fault strong earthquake records. Based on the current Chinese Building Seismic Design Code, the near-fault effect factors and the modified design spectral curves, which were valuable for the seismic design, were proposed to analyze the seismic response of structures.
文摘The allocation of facilities and customers is a key problem in the design of supply chains of companies. In this paper, this issue is approached by partitioning the territory in areas where the distribution points are allocated. The demand is modelled through a set of continuous functions based on the population density of the geographic units of the territory. Because the partitioning problem is NP hard, it is necessary to use heuristic methods to obtain reliable solutions in terms of quality and response time. The Neighborhood Variable Search and Simulated Annealing heuristics have been selected for the study because of their proven efficiency in difficult combinatorial optimization problems. The execution time is the variable chosen for a factorial experimental design to determine the best-performing heuristics in the problem. In order to compare the quality of the solutions in the territorial partition, we have chosen the execution time as the common parameter to compare the two heuristics. At this point, we have developed a factorial statistical experimental design to select the best heuristic approaches to this problem. Thus, we generate a territorial partition with the best performing heuristics for this problem and proceed to the application of the location-allocation model, where the demand is modelled by a set of continuous functions based on the population density of the geographical units of the territory.
基金Scientific Research Deanship,Taibah University Grant No.6363/436
文摘Recent seismic events have raised concerns over the safety and vulnerability of reinforced concrete moment resisting frame ＂RC-MRF＂ buildings. The seismic response of such buildings is greatly dependent on the computational tools used and the inherent assumptions in the modelling process. Thus, it is essential to investigate the sensitivity of the response demands to the corresponding modelling assumption. Many parameters and assumptions are justified to generate effective structural finite element（FE） models of buildings to simulate lateral behaviour and evaluate seismic design demands. As such, the present study focuses on the development of reliable FE models with various levels of refinement. The effects of the FE modelling assumptions on the seismic response demands on the design of buildings are investigated. the predictive ability of a FE model is tied to the accuracy of numerical analysis; a numerical analysis is performed for a series of symmetric buildings in active seismic zones. The results of the seismic response demands are presented in a comparative format to confirm drift and strength limits requirements. A proposed model is formulated based on a simplified modeling approach, where the most refined model is used to calibrate the simplified model.
基金financial assistance and support provided over many years by various organisations including CODELCO Chile, CRC Mining, Mining3, MMG, DSI and Geobrugg
文摘Excavation damage under high in situ stress depends largely upon the potential block size associated with any violent ejection.The size and shape of the dynamic instability are largely controlled by the location,orientation and extent of the pre-existing geological discontinuities.A new methodology is presented in which the rock mass demand can be expressed in terms of the mass in tonnes of unstable rock that is ejected per unit area of the excavation surface where failure occurs.A probabilistic approach has been implemented to estimate the potential rock mass instabilities and their associated static and dynamic demands.The new methodology considers that the strain energy released by the rock mass during violent stress-driven failure is largely converted into kinetic energy of ejection for blocks.The estimated dynamic demand has been favourably compared with observations of rock mass damage in a number of underground excavations.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China Under Grant No.51108105,90815029,50938006 Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China Under Grant No.20094410120002+3 种基金 Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China Under Grant No.90815027Key Projects in the National Science&Technology Pillar Program during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period Under Grant No.2009BAJ28B03Fund for High School in Guangzhou (10A057)the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science(2011KB15)
文摘Following several damaging earthquakes in China, research has been devoted to find the causes of the collapse of reinforced concrete （RC） building sand studying the vulnerability of existing buildings. The Chinese Code for Seismic Design of Buildings （CCSDB） has evolved over time, however, there is still reported earthquake induced damage of newly designed RC buildings. Thus, to investigate modern Chinese seismic design code, three low-, mid- and high-rise RC frames were designed according to the 2010 CCSDB and the corresponding vulnerability curves were derived by computing a probabilistic seismic demand model （PSDM）.The PSDM was computed by carrying out nonlinear time history analysis using thirty ground motions obtained from the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center. Finally, the PSDM was used to generate fragility curves for immediate occupancy, significant damage, and collapse prevention damage levels. Results of the vulnerability assessment indicate that the seismic demands on the three different frames designed according to the 2010 CCSDB meet the seismic requirements and are almost in the same safety level.
