Hypertension is a primary risk factor for the progression of cognitive impairment caused by cerebral small vessel disease,the most common cerebrovascular disease.Howeve r,the causal relationship between hypertension a...Hypertension is a primary risk factor for the progression of cognitive impairment caused by cerebral small vessel disease,the most common cerebrovascular disease.Howeve r,the causal relationship between hypertension and cerebral small vessel disease remains unclear.Hypertension has substantial negative impacts on brain health and is recognized as a risk factor for cerebrovascular disease.Chronic hypertension and lifestyle factors are associated with risks for stro ke and dementia,and cerebral small vessel disease can cause dementia and stroke.Hypertension is the main driver of cerebral small vessel disease,which changes the structure and function of cerebral vessels via various mechanisms and leads to lacunar infarction,leukoaraiosis,white matter lesions,and intracerebral hemorrhage,ultimately res ulting in cognitive decline and demonstrating that the brain is the to rget organ of hypertension.This review updates our understanding of the pathogenesis of hypertensioninduced cerebral small vessel disease and the res ulting changes in brain structure and function and declines in cognitive ability.We also discuss drugs to treat cerebral small vessel disease and cognitive impairment.展开更多
经左心注射0.25ml/kg 液体石蜡栓子(LD_(10)剂量)可以建立多发性脑梗塞大白鼠模型,形成多发性脑栓塞,并破坏学习记忆功能。动物在 T 型游泳迷宫中的学习记忆成绩下降,倾斜板实验示协调运动功能降低,体位性心率反射示心血管神经调节功能...经左心注射0.25ml/kg 液体石蜡栓子(LD_(10)剂量)可以建立多发性脑梗塞大白鼠模型,形成多发性脑栓塞,并破坏学习记忆功能。动物在 T 型游泳迷宫中的学习记忆成绩下降,倾斜板实验示协调运动功能降低,体位性心率反射示心血管神经调节功能减退,脑比重下降,脑组织 K^+/Na^+比值下降。大白鼠心、肝、肾无明显栓塞表现。长寿灵和尼莫地平有防治多发性脑梗塞性痴呆的疗效,能改善学习记忆功能和协调运动功能的减退,在左心注射 LD_(90)剂量液体石蜡栓子(1.00ml/kg)的大白鼠中长寿灵能降低缺血急性期的病死率。展开更多
目的探讨弥散加权成像(DWI)上急性多发脑梗死的病因和发病机制。方法将DWI上呈现急性脑梗死的147例患者分为腔隙性脑梗死和非腔隙性脑梗死两组,按照TOAST标准(trial of org10172in acute stroketreatment)进行病因分类,腔隙性脑梗死还...目的探讨弥散加权成像(DWI)上急性多发脑梗死的病因和发病机制。方法将DWI上呈现急性脑梗死的147例患者分为腔隙性脑梗死和非腔隙性脑梗死两组,按照TOAST标准(trial of org10172in acute stroketreatment)进行病因分类,腔隙性脑梗死还包括除小动脉病以外其他可能的原因。结果62例急性腔隙性脑梗死患者中有21例为多发,占33.87%;其中8例(38.09%)可找到小动脉病以外的其他原因,包括心源性栓塞3例、动脉源性栓塞3例、血液疾病1例、高凝状态1例。85例急性非腔隙性脑梗死患者中有9例为多发,占10.59%,其中心源性栓塞3例。结论DWI对急性多发脑梗死病因的识别有重要意义。急性多发腔隙性脑梗死提示一个非小动脉病的卒中机制,如栓子、血液疾病或高凝状态;不同血管供血的多发脑梗死提示心源性栓子,而非动脉-动脉的栓塞。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82274611 (to LZ),82104419 (to DM)Capital Science and Technology Leading Talent Training Project,No.Z1 91100006119017 (to LZ)+3 种基金Beijing Hospitals Authority Ascent Plan,No.DFL20190803 (to LZ)Cultivation Fund of Hospital Management Center in Beijing,No.PZ2022006 (to DM)R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission,No.KM202210025017 (to DM)Beijing Gold-Bridge Project,No.ZZ20145 (to DM)。
文摘Hypertension is a primary risk factor for the progression of cognitive impairment caused by cerebral small vessel disease,the most common cerebrovascular disease.Howeve r,the causal relationship between hypertension and cerebral small vessel disease remains unclear.Hypertension has substantial negative impacts on brain health and is recognized as a risk factor for cerebrovascular disease.Chronic hypertension and lifestyle factors are associated with risks for stro ke and dementia,and cerebral small vessel disease can cause dementia and stroke.Hypertension is the main driver of cerebral small vessel disease,which changes the structure and function of cerebral vessels via various mechanisms and leads to lacunar infarction,leukoaraiosis,white matter lesions,and intracerebral hemorrhage,ultimately res ulting in cognitive decline and demonstrating that the brain is the to rget organ of hypertension.This review updates our understanding of the pathogenesis of hypertensioninduced cerebral small vessel disease and the res ulting changes in brain structure and function and declines in cognitive ability.We also discuss drugs to treat cerebral small vessel disease and cognitive impairment.
文摘目的探讨弥散加权成像(DWI)上急性多发脑梗死的病因和发病机制。方法将DWI上呈现急性脑梗死的147例患者分为腔隙性脑梗死和非腔隙性脑梗死两组,按照TOAST标准(trial of org10172in acute stroketreatment)进行病因分类,腔隙性脑梗死还包括除小动脉病以外其他可能的原因。结果62例急性腔隙性脑梗死患者中有21例为多发,占33.87%;其中8例(38.09%)可找到小动脉病以外的其他原因,包括心源性栓塞3例、动脉源性栓塞3例、血液疾病1例、高凝状态1例。85例急性非腔隙性脑梗死患者中有9例为多发,占10.59%,其中心源性栓塞3例。结论DWI对急性多发脑梗死病因的识别有重要意义。急性多发腔隙性脑梗死提示一个非小动脉病的卒中机制,如栓子、血液疾病或高凝状态;不同血管供血的多发脑梗死提示心源性栓子,而非动脉-动脉的栓塞。
