Life cycle assessment as a prospective tool for sustainable agriculture and food planning at a local level

Owing to the far-reaching environmental consequences of agriculture and food systems,such as their contribution to climate change,there is an urgent need to reduce their impact.International and national governments set sustainability targets and implement corresponding measures.Nevertheless,critics of the globalized system claim that a territorial administrative scale is better suited to address sustainability issues.Yet,at the subnational level,local authorities rarely apply a systemic environmental assessment to enhance their action plans.This paper employs a territorial life cycle assessment methodology to improve local environmental agri-food planning.The objective is to identify significant direct and indirect environmental hotspots,their origins,and formulate effective mitigation strategies.The methodology is applied to the administrative department of Finistere,a strategic agricultural region in North-Western France.Multiple environmental criteria including climate change,fossil resource scarcity,toxicity,and land use are modeled.The findings reveal that the primary environmental hotspots of the studied local food system arise from indirect sources,such as livestock feed or diesel consumption.Livestock reduction and organic farming conversion emerge as the most environmentally efficient strategies,resulting in a 25%decrease in the climate change indicator.However,the overall modeled impact reduction is insufficient following national objectives and remains limited for the land use indicator.These results highlight the innovative application of life cycle assessment led at a local level,offering insights for the further advancement of systematic and prospective local agri-food assessment.Additionally,they provide guidance for local authorities to enhance the sustainability of planning strategies.

Effects of "Political Cycle" on Land Use Planning in China

As an explanation to economic cycle, political cycle theory has been widely used, and political factor has been gradual y recognized as an important fac-tor in influencing economy but not simply exteranl factors. However, there is stil a lack of enough research combining political factor and land use. Based on the exist-ing literature, we analyzed the mechnism and performance of howe political cycle with Chinese characteristics influence land use plannning in China, and specific so-lutions were put forward by combining the influences with the airm to promote bet-ter implementation of the planning goals.

Multi-objective Transmission Expansion Planning Considering Life Cycle Cost

为克服目前全寿命周期成本（life cycle cost,LCC）技术的应用局限于设备运行或维护阶段的不足,针对输电网整体建立一个3维LCC层级模型,包括时间维度、元件维度和费用维度。费用维度进一步分解为设备级、系统级、外部环境成本。研究了以可靠性为中心的维护手段的应用对维护成本的影响,利用电量不足期望值计算故障成本。在此基础上,对风电等4种不确定因素进行建模,建立以LCC成本最小和切负荷量最小为多目标的输电网机会约束规划模型。采用正态边界交点算法联合改进小生境遗传算法,对模型有效求解。最后,分别对18节点系统和77节点系统进行算例分析。研究结果给出了帕累托解集及推荐的最优规划方案;此外,LCC费用分解图表明了各费用的比重和影响,有利于指导未来资产管理。

Feature Based Machining Process Planning Modeling and Integration for Life Cycle Engineering

Machining process data is the core of computer aided process planning application systems.It is also provides essen- tial content for product life cycle engineering.The character of CAPP that supports product LCE and virtual manufacturing is an- alyzed.The structure and content of machining process data concerning green manufacturing is also examined.A logic model of Machining Process Data has been built based on an object oriented approach,using UML technology and a physical model of machin- ing process data that utilizes XML technology.To realize the integration of design and process,an approach based on graph-based volume decomposition was apposed.Instead,to solve the problem of generation in the machining process,case-based reasoning and rule-based reasoning have been applied synthetically.Finally,the integration framework and interface that deal with the CAPP integration with CAD,CAM,PDM,and ERP are discussed.

A new production component method for natural gas development planning

Based on an analysis of the limitations of conventional production component methods for natural gas development planning,this study proposes a new one that uses life cycle models for the trend fitting and prediction of production.In this new method,the annual production of old and new wells is predicted by year first and then is summed up to yield the production for the planning period.It shows that the changes in the production of old wells in old blocks can be fitted and predicted using the vapor pressure model(VPM),with precision of 80%e95%,which is 6.6%e13.2%higher than that of other life cycle models.Furthermore,a new production prediction process and method for new wells have been established based on this life cycle model to predict the production of medium-to-shallow gas reservoirs in western Sichuan Basin,with predication error of production rate in 2021 and 2022 being 6%and 3%respectively.The new method can be used to guide the medium-and long-term planning or annual scheme preparation for gas development.It is also applicable to planning for large single gas blocks that require continuous infill drilling and adjustment to improve gas recovery.

Distribution Network Equipment Location and Capacity Planning Method Considering Energy Internet Attribute from the Perspective of Life Cycle Cost

For facing the challenges brought by large-scale renewable energy having access to the system and considering the key technologies of energy Internet,it is very necessary to put forward the location method of distribution network equipment and capacity from the perspective of life cycle cost.Compared with the traditional energy network,the equipment capacity problem of energy interconnected distribution network which involves in electricity network,thermal energy network and natural gas network is comprehensively considered in this paper.On this basis,firstly,the operation architecture of energy interconnected distribution network is designed.Secondly,taking the grid connection location and configuration capacity of key equipment in the system as the control variables and the operation cost of system comprehensive planning in the whole life cycle as the goal,the equipment location and capacity optimization model of energy interconnected distribution network is established.Finally,an IEEE 33 bus energy mutual distribution grid system is taken for example analysis,and the improved chaotic particle swarmoptimization algorithm is used to solve it.The simulation results show that the method proposed in this paper is suitable for the equipment location and capacity planning of energy interconnected distribution network,and it can effectively improve the social and economic benefits of system operation.

The Practice of Deming Cycle Improvement Mechanism in Climate Change Environmental Education

Cultivating environmental literacy is one of the most important tasks in the face of climate change.The purpose is to construct the general curriculum content of improving climate change adaptation to environmental literacy,and to plan the evaluation mechanism of learning effectiveness.The use of learning theory,Problem-Based Learning(PBL)theory and Plan-Do-Check-Act(PDCA)cycle theory to improve the curriculum content and teaching continued to improve.This study focuses on the design coxirses from the three cognitive aspects of"conceptual cognition,""practical exercise" and "hands-on experience."Teach students how to cope with and respond to climate change to establish environmental literacy to mitigate the impact of natural reactions,and enhance awareness of environmental literacy by learning the science of climate adaptation and mitigation.The results of the actual implementation of the effectiveness assessment shows that,through studenfs feedback learning results,the courses presented gains for more,to know the appropriateness and necessity of curriculum planning,can be provided to the basic research of environmental literacy teaching curriculum planning.

基于Limit-cycle的机器人动态路径规划方法

移动机器人安全导航是机器人应用在军事领域的关键技术,也是机器人智能化的重要指标.本文采用基于Limit cycle(极限环)的路径规划方法进行机器人避障,可以有效地避免机器人与障碍物相碰,灵活地应对动态变化的环境,能够实现局部路径规划,在MATLAB仿真平台上验证了该方法的正确性及有效性.

Planning of Urban Cycling Routes Aiming at Improving Cycling Quality

Urban cycling environment is an important part of urban slow-moving system,and reasonable route planning is beneficial to the health of residents.In order to improve residents’ cycling quality and enrich travel experience,the evaluation system of cycling quality in the main urban area of Handan City was established from the four aspects of convenience,safety,comfort and experience.According to different travel needs,the cycling evaluation index of road sections was calculated and modified to obtain the cycling time of road sections.The shortest route algorithm was used to generate the best riding route for convenience,the best riding route for safety,the best riding route for comfort,and the best riding route for experience.Cycling evaluation indicators were combined with travel route planning to provide residents with a variety of humanized route options,and effectively improve the cycling quality and travel health of residents,which is of great significance to promoting green travel and improving residents’ health.

国有企业稳增长:跨周期调节机理与实施路径

稳增长是国有企业的核心功能之一。文章从跨周期调节视角论述了国有企业稳增长的内在机理、经验事实与实施路径,研究发现:国有企业稳增长要坚持发挥国家发展规划的战略导向作用,以做实做强做优实体经济为着力点,以促进经济增长方式转变、结构优化、动力转换为重点,坚持稳中求进方法论,促进高质量发展;国有企业在基础设施、科技创新、区域平衡发展、收入分配、社会责任等领域的跨周期调节表现较为突出;新发展阶段,国有企业稳增长的实施路径包括:拓展有效投资空间和领域、优化国有资本空间行业布局、发挥价格调节机制在降低宏观经济运行成本中的基础性作用、提供更多高质量的基本公共产品和服务。

三甲医院脑血管病外科精细化教学管理实践探讨

随着我国人口老龄化的加剧,脑血管病的发病率逐年上升,对脑血管病外科专业人才的需求也越来越高。脑血管病外科具有疑难、复杂病例多的特点,给人才培养带来了挑战。脑血管病外科教学的目标是培养高质量的应用型医学人才。本文通过应用计划、执行、检查和处理(plan,do,check,action;PDCA)循环,结合创新教学资源、应用新的教学模式等亮点措施来实现精细化教学管理,以适应新时代脑血管病外科专业人才高质量培养的需求。

Career Planning and Management of Healthcare Talent Based on Life Cycle Theory

This study aims to explore career planning and management strategies for healthcare talent based on life cycle theory,in order to enhance retention rates and job satisfaction among healthcare professionals.Through qualitative research methods combined with a case study of Liannan County Hospital,the study analyzes the needs and challenges faced by healthcare talent at different career stages.The findings reveal major issues confronted by healthcare talent during career planning,including compensation and benefits,career development opportunities,work environment,and organizational support.The study proposes a series of targeted management strategies,such as individualized career development paths,continuous professional training,and support for work-life balance,to promote long-term retention and career growth of healthcare talent.The conclusion emphasizes that healthcare organizations should consider the life cycle needs of healthcare talent in career planning and management to achieve optimal talent allocation and sustainable hospital development.

中重度牙周炎患者维护期应用PDCA循环管理模式联合脉冲式冲牙器的临床疗效

目的:观察中重度牙周炎患者维护期应用质量控制(PDCA)循环管理模式联合脉冲式冲牙器的临床效果,为PDCA循环管理模式在牙周炎患者中的应用提供理论依据。方法:通过预定的试验纳入标准、排除标准和剔除标准选取50例中重度牙周炎患者,随机分为实验组(n=25)和对照组(n=25),实验组患者通过脉冲式冲牙器联合巴氏(BASS)刷牙法维护,对照组患者单纯通过BASS刷牙法维护。2组患者均采用PDCA循环管理模式,在自我维护2、4、8和12周分别要求患者复诊,通过患者菌斑堆积量进行个性化纠正和指导,在自我维护4和12周时观察并记录2组患者牙周临床检查指标,包括菌斑指数(PLI)、探诊深度(PD)和出血指数(BI),检测龈沟液中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素17(IL-17)水平。结果:经过4和12周自我维护,与对照组比较,实验组患者PLI、PD和BI明显降低(P<0.01);与基线时比较,自我维护4和12周时2组患者PLI、PD和BI均明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);与自我维护4周时比较,自我维护12周时2组患者PLI、PD和BI值明显升高(P<0.01)。经过4和12周自我维护,与对照组比较,实验组患者龈沟液中TNF-α和IL-17水平明显降低(P<0.01);与基线时比较,自我维护4和12周时2组患者龈沟液中TNF-α和IL-17水平均明显升高(P<0.01)。结论:在PDCA循环管理模式下应用脉冲式冲牙器可明显降低中重度牙周炎患者的PLI、PD、BI和龈沟液中炎症因子水平,有效抑制菌斑的形成并控制牙龈炎症状态,有利于中重度牙周炎患者治疗效果的维护。

既有住宅维修管理探究——以日本公寓维修管理制度为例

文章首先聚焦日本公寓维修管理制度,系统阐释日本公寓长期维修计划的特点以及保障措施,重点分析日本公寓屋顶防水、外墙维护、门窗更换等16个标准维修项目的维修周期及其影响因素;其次,着重介绍无障碍、节能、环保、安全防范、便利性方面的升级改造项目,明确列出日本公寓维修准备金的计算与调整方法,以及多种交存方式;最后,归纳总结日本公寓管理计划的审核制度的参与主体和流程。上述日本在公寓维修方面的规定和经验,对完善我国既有住宅的维修管理技术体系和维修资金制度有一定的借鉴意义。

全龄友好导向下居住型街区更新的研究框架与规划应对

现有居住型街区更新实践尚缺乏一个全龄友好的整体性框架来统筹社区发展的“社会—经济—空间”联动转型问题。回顾全球全龄友好型城市建设的兴起及在我国街区层面的实践,引入生命周期理论,构建一个“主体对象—更新要素”的居住型街区更新研究框架,探究街区更新的要素体系和实施路径。研究发现:时空环境、社会关联和个人能动是实现街区全龄友好的关键要素,更新实施可从经济和社会两个维度展开;街区更新的内容不仅包括物质空间更新,还包括活动营建和机制建设;存量型街区国土空间详细规划需重点关注居民需求画像、更新要素分类和行动指南制定。

输电线路规划方法和寿命周期成本综述

按照传统标准设计的输电线路规划存在效率低和资本浪费等问题。经济研究表明,采用优化设计和科学成本管理方法的输电线路建设对于节省资本投资具有重要意义。因此,从输电线路扩建规划方面进行了探讨研究,以帮助在输电线路建设和运营方面做出更明智的决策。首先,通过综述国内外的研究论文,概述了输电线路规划的基础理论,系统梳理了输电线路规划的方法,包括确定性方法、启发式方法、元启发式方法等,分析了各种方法的优缺点;然后,在经济评估方面考虑线路建设、运行、维护等多个阶段的费用,提出了寿命周期成本分析,更全面地评估输电线路规划方案的经济性。

结合深度强化学习与变形五次多项式的搬运机器人关节轨迹规划

针对在生产节拍固定的情况下搬运机器人各关节的运动轨迹及时间分配问题,构建基于深度强化学习与变形五次多项式相结合的搬运机器人关节轨迹时间分配模型;设计以节拍要求、速度约束和加速度约束为目标的奖励函数,搭建神经网络,利用MATLAB/Simulink软件,得到满足生产节拍和运动学约束的时间序列,并利用单臂四自由度搬运机器人仿真实验,验证所构建模型的可行性和有效性。结果表明:单臂四自由度搬运机器人各关节的运行时间均为5.89 s,其中平移关节1、 3的最大速度分别为2 597.84、 1 697.97 mm/s,最大加速度分别为19 532.11、 31 302.61 mm/s^(2);旋转关节2、 4的速度大小相等且方向相反,最大角速度均为137.53 (°)/s,最大角加速度均为1 180.51 (°)/s^(2),均未超过运动学约束;所构建的模型可以解决在指定生产节拍下搬运机器人关节轨迹时间分配问题,实现搬运机器人搬运过程中各关节的运动均衡,改善搬运机器人运行的稳定性和有效性。

医院周期性电工倒闸对医疗设备的危害分析及应对策略

目的:制定医疗设备配电安全目标与应对策略,最大程度降低电工倒闸对医疗设备的危害。方法:基于危害分析与风险评估(HARA)方法,从医疗设备安全管理角度对2018-2023年北京儿童医院的电工倒闸进行医疗设备危害因素分析与风险评估,采用戴明循环(PDCA)管理法的闭环管理流程,制定精细化的医疗设备配电安全目标与应对策略。结果:2023年医院配电室开展的2次周期性电工倒闸操作共发生6台次设备故障问题,显著低于2018-2022年电工倒闸导致的20.4台次故障平均值,且一级负荷科室等高风险级区域故障为零。结论:制定的医疗设备配电安全目标与应对策略针对性强、执行度高,是实施医疗设备全生命周期精细化管理的有效方法。

基于行动周期理论的南京老城公共充电站规划协同

如何建设以公共充电站为代表的新型基础设施是老城更新急需解决的问题,目前对其规划协同的讨论有所不足。梳理城市政体理论和行动者网络理论的相关概念,结合生命周期视角创新性提出行动周期理论;以南京为例,通过数据量化分析和实地质性调研,发现老城公共充电站不充分、不平衡的现状空间布局和周期性演变特征;运用行动周期理论分析规划协同的行动者网络构建与转译进程,解释空间演变原因;提出优化建议,以期促进南京老城公共充电站的规划建设,为老城新型基础设施建设提供启示。

基于熵权TOPSIS法综合评价应用PDCA法管控抗菌药物的成效——以某三甲医院为例

目的 探讨某三甲医院构建抗菌药物科学化管理策略与实施成效,为医疗机构加强抗菌药物管理提供参考依据。方法 使用计划、执行、检查、处理(PDCA)管理工具,构建科学有效的抗菌药物管理系统,选取抗菌药物管理相关5个维度、14个指标构建质量评价考核体系,并采用熵权逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)法对实施PDCA改进后各项指标的变化情况进行综合评价与分析。结果 基于熵权TOPSIS法分析,2018年的相对接近度(Ci)值为0.313 5,该年抗菌药物管理质量最低;2022年的Ci值为0.747 4,该年抗菌药物管理质量最高。抗菌药物合理使用5个维度方面,使用强度维度2017年Ci值最高;使用率维度2021年Ci值最高;送检率维度2022年Ci值最高;Ⅰ类切口预防用药维度2022年Ci值最高;住院患者抗菌药物费用维度2022年Ci值最高。应用PDCA法进行抗菌药物管理,管理质量整体呈现改善趋势。结论 基于PDCA法通过多部门协作进行抗菌药物管理干预效果显著,熵权TOPSIS法可用于评价抗菌药物管理成效,为医院抗菌药物管控方向指导及政策制定提供参考。