Relationships between Demographic Variables and Breast Self-Examination among Women in a Rural Community South East of Nigeria

This study examined the relationships between demographic variables of women in a rural community, South East of Nigeria and their practice of Breast Self-Examination (BSE). A descriptive survey design was adopted. The study population of 349 was drawn using system atichousehold sampling technique. Two research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. The instruments used for data collection were validated structured questionnaire which was interview administered. Demographic information of the women such was also obtained for the study. The result indicated significant correlation between respondents’ educational level and BSE. There was however no significance difference between age, parity and BSE. There was need for community health nurses to reinforce home visits in order to enhance the awareness of breast cancer and needed skill for BSE among the rural populace while liberal education irrespective of age should be instituted by the Government.

How mobile messaging apps users share information on WeChat: The role of demographic variables

Purpose： We conducted an empirical study to find out the role of demographic variables in affecting information sharing behaviors of college student users of WeChat.Design/methodology/approach： A questionnaire survey was carried out to investigate the relationship between demographic variables （gender, grade level, dating status, and singleparent family background） and information sharing behaviors of WeChat users. The participants were college students and a total of 255 valid questionnaires were collected. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis.Findings： Grade level and single-parent family background were found to be significantly correlated with information sharing behaviors whereas no effect of gender was found on information sharing behaviors. Dating status had no significant impact on user browsing behavior, but was related to users＇ publishing posts and posting replies.Implications： The study will help understand individual differences in information sharing among WeChat users.Limitations： First, the relatively small sample size is a limitation in exploring the effects of demographic variables on user information sharing behaviors. Second, this study only used questionnaire surveys to collect data and more research methods such as interviews should be adopted to improve the accuracy of the study results.Originality/value： This paper is one of the first studies to explore the relationship between demographic variables and user information sharing behaviors on WeChat.

An MCDM approach to assessing influential factors on healthcare providers’safe performance during the COVID-19 pandemic:Probing into demographic variables

This study assessed the influence of occupational stress,individual resilience,and organizational resilience on the safety performance of healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic.Demographic variables including age,work experience,and gender were explored.Data were collected from 344 healthcare providers employed at a teaching hospital.The entropy method and the multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM)method were used to examine the influence of occupational stress,individual resilience,and organizational resilience on the safe performance of healthcare providers.The results of the entropy method showed that organizational resilience was the most influential factor in the safe performance of older healthcare providers.In contrast,individual resilience was the most significant factor in enhancing the safety performance of younger healthcare providers.Analyses of work experience indicated that individual resilience was the most influential factor in the safe performance of less experienced healthcare providers.Gender-based analysis revealed that individual resilience had a major effect on the safety performance of both women and men.The findings of this study could assist managers in improving the performance of the healthcare sector during pandemics by using and implementing resilience concepts at both the individual and organizational levels.

Climate Change:Concerns,Beliefs and Emotions in Residents,Experts,Decision Makers,Tourists,and Tourist Industry

The aim was to investigate effects of different groups of individuals (residents, tourists, experts, decision makers and members of tourist industry) and demographic variables (gender, age, education) on climate change-related concerns, beliefs and emotions. In line with the predictions: 1) Experts were shown to be least concerned for and afraid of climate change impact;2) Youngest participants were found to be most, and oldest least, concerned for their future;3) Women were shown to be more concerned for and afraid of the consequences of climate change;and 4) Men and the least educated participants believed their jobs to be more threatened by the environmental laws and protection, and the latter ones believed moreover that the claims about climate change are exaggerated. Implications of these findings for value orientations and their relationships to environmental concerns, beliefs and emotions are discussed.

Aging Experience and the Results of the West for Asia-A Sociological Perspective

The present paper analyzes different demographic variables to reach the result of how population become aged in different parts of Asia.Policies and planning of population during the past decades have contributed to more life expectancy,leading to the aging of population in countries like Japan,China,South Korea,Singapore,Taiwan and to some extent Iran.Population in some countries aging without needs gradually emerging,being met.People usually at the age of seventy and over lose their normal strengths and potentialities.Many of their capabilities are lost.They gradually become dependent on other younger age groups.Western countries usually have made better policies and plans earlier,and because of that,their aging people have better immunity as far as their health,social and economic conditions are concerned.Many aging people in Asian countries are concerned about their needs during the age of 70 and over.Decline in birth rate is the most important factor positively affecting the aging of population after a few decades has passed.The same happened to Japan,China,South Korea etc.Many Western countries started narrowing their birth rates in the nineteenth century,whereas Asian countries started that since around 1950.Earlier,women used to give birth to 7-8 children,in which half or more of them died in infancy,and the rest who survived,had to face malnutrition,shortage of education,child-labor from the age of 7-8,maternal fatality of mothers and many more unfavorable conditions that affected their lives.While the average age of marriage is between 26-29 in the West,it is usually the age of 20 or below within many developing countries.