Breaking water-in-oil emulsions during the refining of crude oils is an important step before any upgrading process is started.Asphaltene molecules are incriminated as playing an important role in this phenomenon.Unra...Breaking water-in-oil emulsions during the refining of crude oils is an important step before any upgrading process is started.Asphaltene molecules are incriminated as playing an important role in this phenomenon.Unraveling the mechanisms behind the affinity between them and water is a key step to understand how to break these emulsions more easily and require lower amounts of demulsifiers.Choosing which demulsifier molecule(s)to use is also primordial,but to do so rationally,one needs to know which are the molecular interactions in place between asphaltenes,porphyrins and water so that demulsifiers are chosen to destabilize a specific physical–chemical interaction.In this paper,we study the interactions arising between asphaltenes and porphyrins and six different molecules potentially displaying a demulsification action in the presence of water/oil interfaces.We demonstrate that the ionic demulsifier molecules present an interesting potential to either interact strongly with water,replacing asphaltenes in this interaction,or to interact with the active sites of asphaltenes,deactivating them and avoiding any asphaltenic interfacial activity.Finally,we also found that although asphaltenes do not migrate spontaneously toward the water/oil interfaces,porphyrins do so rather easily.This indicates that porphyrins do have an important activity at the water/oil interface.展开更多
PetroChina Lanzhou Petrochemical Company conducted commercial tests for application of two types of diesel demulsifiers, the HPL-2 and GX-02 demulsifiers, in order to solve the emulsion problem arising from caustic wa...PetroChina Lanzhou Petrochemical Company conducted commercial tests for application of two types of diesel demulsifiers, the HPL-2 and GX-02 demulsifiers, in order to solve the emulsion problem arising from caustic washing of straight-run diesel fraction obtained from atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit at the Lanzhou refinery. After addition of each demulsifier into the diesel fraction the oil content in caustic residue was apparently decreased, and discharge of waste caustic was reduced, resulting in the elimination of emulsification and a significant increase of economic benefits. When 70 ppm of the HPL-2 demulsifier was added to diesel fraction, the oil content in waste caustic exiting the second-stage caustic wash settling tank was reduced to 2.45% from 7.90 %, whereas this value was reduced to 2.81% from 5.96% with addition of the GX-02 demulsifier.展开更多
In recent years, the water content of oilfield production fluid is high and there is a large amount of oily sewage. In order to improve the capability of sewage treatment, usually using demulsifier for oily sewage pro...In recent years, the water content of oilfield production fluid is high and there is a large amount of oily sewage. In order to improve the capability of sewage treatment, usually using demulsifier for oily sewage processing. This article uses simulated water sample to test the treatment effect of the optimized reverse demulsifier at different oscillation time. As the increase of action time and oscillation, the average size of droplets increases and the amount of the droplets under 1 μm decreases.展开更多
Stable water-in-oil emulsions are produced in oil exploitation and cause many environmental and operational issues.In this paper,a co-polymer demulsifier is reported in detail;an emulsion polymerization method is used...Stable water-in-oil emulsions are produced in oil exploitation and cause many environmental and operational issues.In this paper,a co-polymer demulsifier is reported in detail;an emulsion polymerization method is used to prepare nano-P(MMA-AA-EA)with MMA,AA and EA as the monomers,DVB as the cross-linker and APS as the initiator.The resulting products are characterized by FT-IR.Furthermore,the surface tension and particles size analysis is investigated.The results show that the surface tension reduction is 10.66 mN/m at 20?C when the concentration of co-polymer is 1000 ppm and the average size is 76.99 nm.Moreover,the HLB of polymer is discussed specifically by changing the amount of AA.With the increase of AA,the HLB value of the polymer is increased accordingly.Besides,the demulsification performance of the co-polymer is also evaluated at different synthesis and demulsification conditions.It is showed that the maximum demulsification efficiency is 96%at 70?C for 60 min.The optimum concentration of demulsifier is 400 ppm when the amounts of AA and DVB are 1.4 g and 0.1 g,respectively.At last,the process of demulsification is showed under a microscope;the coalescence process of water droplets is indicated under the action of the demulsifier.展开更多
For further practical application, the phylogenetic analysis and de-emulsification properties study of strain XH1 with high de-emulsification efficiency isolated from crude oil contaminated soil in Daqing oil field we...For further practical application, the phylogenetic analysis and de-emulsification properties study of strain XH1 with high de-emulsification efficiency isolated from crude oil contaminated soil in Daqing oil field were conducted with a surfactant-stabilized water-kerosene model emulsion. The factors influencing the de-emulsification efficiency and the generation site of de-emulsification active component of the strain were also investigated. The similarity of 16SrDNA sequences between strain XH1 and Bacillus mojavensis （DQ993678）was 99%. According to the physiological biochemical test, strain XH1 was preliminarily identified as Bacillus mojavensis. The logarithmic growth, stable phase and decline phase of strain XHI were determined as 14, 18 and 28 h, respectively. The best de-emulsification activity emerged after cultivating for 18h, and the complete de-emulsification was achieved at 24 h. The most favorable incubation conditions for de-emulsification occurred with pH of 6. 0 at 30 ℃. The de-emulsification capability of strain XH1 was mainly resulted from extracellular metabolites. The above results indicate that strain XH1 has high de-emulsification efficiency and is potential as a commercial de-emulsifier.展开更多
The crude oil recovery process is frequently associated with the formation of stable emulsions due to factors such as turbulent flow in pipelines and the presence of surface-active substances that naturally occur in c...The crude oil recovery process is frequently associated with the formation of stable emulsions due to factors such as turbulent flow in pipelines and the presence of surface-active substances that naturally occur in crude oil.These emulsions are undesirable for the petroleum industry because their destruction/treatment adds to the overall production cost and causes the loss of valuable amounts of crude oil.Therefore,it is essential,for economic and environmental reasons,to optimize the crude oil demulsification process.The effective treatment of crude oil emulsions requires understanding of the process and factors leading to their formation and stabilization.In this sense,suitable treatment methods and possible preventive measures to avoid their formation can be employed.The present study reviews recent oilfield emulsion types and the factors responsible for their formation and stabilization.The different demulsification techniques employed were then extensively examined.Demulsification tech-niques include mechanical,thermal,electrical,and chemical methods with different demulsification mechanisms affected by many factors such as emulsions type and properties,demulsifiers characteris-tics,presence of solids stabilized emulsions,etc.The demulsification efficiency depends on the operating parameters of the process,the economics involved,and the environmental impact,which are the main factors considered in selecting a suitable demulsification technique.Future research on the demulsifi-cation of crude oil emulsions should focus on real crude oil emulsions studies at a pilot scale level,the effect of aging on crude oil emulsions,the combination of multiple demulsification techniques and their synergistic effects,and the use of natural,ecofriendly demulsifiers.展开更多
基金the DN (Direction du Numé-rique) from Universitéde Pau et des Pays de l’Adour,MCIA (Mésocentre de Calcul Intensif Aquitain),GENCI-CINES (Grant 2017-c2016087698) for providing the computation power needed for this projectIsifor-Carnot Institute and Total Refining&Chemicals are also acknowledged for their financial support to this research project
文摘Breaking water-in-oil emulsions during the refining of crude oils is an important step before any upgrading process is started.Asphaltene molecules are incriminated as playing an important role in this phenomenon.Unraveling the mechanisms behind the affinity between them and water is a key step to understand how to break these emulsions more easily and require lower amounts of demulsifiers.Choosing which demulsifier molecule(s)to use is also primordial,but to do so rationally,one needs to know which are the molecular interactions in place between asphaltenes,porphyrins and water so that demulsifiers are chosen to destabilize a specific physical–chemical interaction.In this paper,we study the interactions arising between asphaltenes and porphyrins and six different molecules potentially displaying a demulsification action in the presence of water/oil interfaces.We demonstrate that the ionic demulsifier molecules present an interesting potential to either interact strongly with water,replacing asphaltenes in this interaction,or to interact with the active sites of asphaltenes,deactivating them and avoiding any asphaltenic interfacial activity.Finally,we also found that although asphaltenes do not migrate spontaneously toward the water/oil interfaces,porphyrins do so rather easily.This indicates that porphyrins do have an important activity at the water/oil interface.
文摘PetroChina Lanzhou Petrochemical Company conducted commercial tests for application of two types of diesel demulsifiers, the HPL-2 and GX-02 demulsifiers, in order to solve the emulsion problem arising from caustic washing of straight-run diesel fraction obtained from atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit at the Lanzhou refinery. After addition of each demulsifier into the diesel fraction the oil content in caustic residue was apparently decreased, and discharge of waste caustic was reduced, resulting in the elimination of emulsification and a significant increase of economic benefits. When 70 ppm of the HPL-2 demulsifier was added to diesel fraction, the oil content in waste caustic exiting the second-stage caustic wash settling tank was reduced to 2.45% from 7.90 %, whereas this value was reduced to 2.81% from 5.96% with addition of the GX-02 demulsifier.
文摘In recent years, the water content of oilfield production fluid is high and there is a large amount of oily sewage. In order to improve the capability of sewage treatment, usually using demulsifier for oily sewage processing. This article uses simulated water sample to test the treatment effect of the optimized reverse demulsifier at different oscillation time. As the increase of action time and oscillation, the average size of droplets increases and the amount of the droplets under 1 μm decreases.
基金the Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control(Grant No.PPC2016006)CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology.
文摘Stable water-in-oil emulsions are produced in oil exploitation and cause many environmental and operational issues.In this paper,a co-polymer demulsifier is reported in detail;an emulsion polymerization method is used to prepare nano-P(MMA-AA-EA)with MMA,AA and EA as the monomers,DVB as the cross-linker and APS as the initiator.The resulting products are characterized by FT-IR.Furthermore,the surface tension and particles size analysis is investigated.The results show that the surface tension reduction is 10.66 mN/m at 20?C when the concentration of co-polymer is 1000 ppm and the average size is 76.99 nm.Moreover,the HLB of polymer is discussed specifically by changing the amount of AA.With the increase of AA,the HLB value of the polymer is increased accordingly.Besides,the demulsification performance of the co-polymer is also evaluated at different synthesis and demulsification conditions.It is showed that the maximum demulsification efficiency is 96%at 70?C for 60 min.The optimum concentration of demulsifier is 400 ppm when the amounts of AA and DVB are 1.4 g and 0.1 g,respectively.At last,the process of demulsification is showed under a microscope;the coalescence process of water droplets is indicated under the action of the demulsifier.
基金Sponsored by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (Grant No. GA06C2021)the Major Scientific and Technology Project of Heilongjiang (Grant No. GA06C202)
文摘For further practical application, the phylogenetic analysis and de-emulsification properties study of strain XH1 with high de-emulsification efficiency isolated from crude oil contaminated soil in Daqing oil field were conducted with a surfactant-stabilized water-kerosene model emulsion. The factors influencing the de-emulsification efficiency and the generation site of de-emulsification active component of the strain were also investigated. The similarity of 16SrDNA sequences between strain XH1 and Bacillus mojavensis （DQ993678）was 99%. According to the physiological biochemical test, strain XH1 was preliminarily identified as Bacillus mojavensis. The logarithmic growth, stable phase and decline phase of strain XHI were determined as 14, 18 and 28 h, respectively. The best de-emulsification activity emerged after cultivating for 18h, and the complete de-emulsification was achieved at 24 h. The most favorable incubation conditions for de-emulsification occurred with pH of 6. 0 at 30 ℃. The de-emulsification capability of strain XH1 was mainly resulted from extracellular metabolites. The above results indicate that strain XH1 has high de-emulsification efficiency and is potential as a commercial de-emulsifier.
文摘The crude oil recovery process is frequently associated with the formation of stable emulsions due to factors such as turbulent flow in pipelines and the presence of surface-active substances that naturally occur in crude oil.These emulsions are undesirable for the petroleum industry because their destruction/treatment adds to the overall production cost and causes the loss of valuable amounts of crude oil.Therefore,it is essential,for economic and environmental reasons,to optimize the crude oil demulsification process.The effective treatment of crude oil emulsions requires understanding of the process and factors leading to their formation and stabilization.In this sense,suitable treatment methods and possible preventive measures to avoid their formation can be employed.The present study reviews recent oilfield emulsion types and the factors responsible for their formation and stabilization.The different demulsification techniques employed were then extensively examined.Demulsification tech-niques include mechanical,thermal,electrical,and chemical methods with different demulsification mechanisms affected by many factors such as emulsions type and properties,demulsifiers characteris-tics,presence of solids stabilized emulsions,etc.The demulsification efficiency depends on the operating parameters of the process,the economics involved,and the environmental impact,which are the main factors considered in selecting a suitable demulsification technique.Future research on the demulsifi-cation of crude oil emulsions should focus on real crude oil emulsions studies at a pilot scale level,the effect of aging on crude oil emulsions,the combination of multiple demulsification techniques and their synergistic effects,and the use of natural,ecofriendly demulsifiers.
