Effect of Dendrobium nobile powder combined with conventional therapy on mild to moderate fatty liver

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)encompasses a variety of liver conditions impacting individuals who consume minimal or no alcohol.Recently,traditional Chinese medicine has been gradually used to treat mild to moderate fatty liver,among which Dendrobium nobile Lindl.powder has been affirmed by many doctors and patients to be effective.However,there is limited research on combining this treatment with standard therapies for mild to moderate NAFLD.AIM To survey the effect of combining Dendrobium nobile Lindl.powder with standard treatment on liver function and lipid metabolism disorder in patients with mild to moderate NAFLD.METHODS Eighty patients with mild to moderate NAFLD participated in this retrospective study,classified into two groups:The observation group(n=40)and the control group(n=40).In November 2020 and November 2022,the study was conducted at People’s Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area.The control group received standard treatment,while the observation group received Dendrobium nobile Lindl.powder based on the control group.The study compared differences in traditional Chinese medicine clinical syndrome scores,liver fibrosis treatment,liver function indicators,lipid levels,and serum inflammatory factor levels before and after treatment,and we calculated the incidence of adverse reactions for both groups.RESULTS The total effective rate was 97.50%in the observation group and 72.5%in the control group.After 8 weeks of treatment,the main and secondary symptom scores remarkably decreased,especially in the observation group(P<0.05),and there was a significant reduction in the serum levels of hyaluronic acid(HA),laminin(LN),human rocollagen III(PC III),and collagen type IV(CIV).The levels of HA,LN,PC III,and CIV were significantly lower in the observation group(P<0.05).After 8 weeks,both groups indicated remarkable improvements in liver function and blood lipid levels,with the observation group having even lower levels(P<0.05).Serum levels of interleukin-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α,and interleukin-8 also dropped significantly.The observation group had a lower rate of adverse reactions(5.00%)compared to the control group(22.50%).CONCLUSION Adding Dendrobium nobile Lindl.powder to standard treatment has been found to remarkably improve symptoms and reduce inflammation in patients with mild to moderate fatty liver disease.It also enhances hepatic function and lipid profile,ameliorates liver fibrosis indices,and lowers the risk of side effects.Consequently,this therapeutic protocol shows promise for clinical implementation and dissemination.

Metabolic and transcriptomic analyses elucidate a novel insight into the network for biosynthesis of carbohydrate and secondary metabolites in the stems of a medicinal orchid Dendrobium nobile

Dendrobium nobile is an important medicinal and nutraceutical herb.Although the ingredients of D.nobile have been identified as polysaccharides,alkaloids,amino acids,flavonoids and bibenzyls,our understanding of the metabolic pathways that regulate the synthesis of these compounds is limited.Here,we used transcriptomic and metabolic analyses to elucidate the genes and metabolites involved in the biosynthesis of carbohydrate and several secondary metabolites in the stems of D.nobile.A total of 1005 metabolites and 31,745 genes were detected in the stems of D.nobile.The majority of these metabolites and genes were involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates(fructose,mannose,glucose,xylulose and starch),while some were involved in the metabolism of secondary metabolites(alkaloids,β-tyrosine,ferulic acid,4-hydroxybenzoate and chrysin).Our predicted regulatory network indicated that five genes(AROG,PYK,DXS,ACEE and HMGCR) might play vital roles in the transition from carbohydrate to alkaloid synthesis.Correlation analysis identified that six genes(ALDO,PMM,BGLX,EGLC,XYLB and GLGA) were involved in carbohydrate metabolism,and two genes(ADT and CYP73A) were involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis.Our analyses also indicated that phosphoenol-pyruvate(PEP) was a crucial bridge that connected carbohydrate to alkaloid biosynthesis.The regulatory network between carbohydrate and secondary metabolite biosynthesis established will provide important insights into the regulation of metabolites and biological systems in Dendrobium species.

A 3D In-vitro model of the human dentine interface shows long-range osteoinduction from the dentine surface

Emerging regenerative cell therapies for alveolar bone loss have begun to explore the use of cell laden hydrogels for minimally invasive surgery to treat small and spatially complex maxilla-oral defects.However,the oral cavity presents a unique and challenging environment for in vivo bone tissue engineering,exhibiting both hard and soft periodontal tissue as well as acting as key biocenosis for many distinct microbial communities that interact with both the external environment and internal body systems,which will impact on cell fate and subsequent treatment efficacy.Herein,we design and bioprint a facile 3D in vitro model of a human dentine interface to probe the effect of the dentine surface on human mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs)encapsulated in a microporous hydrogel bioink.We demonstrate that the dentine substrate induces osteogenic differentiation of encapsulated hMSCs,and that both dentine andβ-tricalcium phosphate substrates stimulate extracellular matrix production and maturation at the gel-media interface,which is distal to the gel-substrate interface.Our findings demonstrate the potential for long-range effects on stem cells by mineralized surfaces during bone tissue engineering and provide a framework for the rapid development of 3D dentine-bone interface models.

Antioxidant phenanthrenes and lignans from Dendrobium nobile

To study the antioxidant constituents from the stems of Dendrobium nobile, and to discuss theft structure-activity relationship. Compounds were isolated from a 60% ethanolic extract by various chromatographic techniques and were identified by spectral analysis. The antioxidant activities of compounds were evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Five phenanthrenes and four lignans were obtained from the active fractions ofD. nobile. Their structures were identified as fimbriatone （1）, confusarin （2）, flavanthrinin （3）, 2,5-dihydroxy-4,9-dimethoxyphenanthrene （4）, 3,7-dihydroxy-2,4-dimethoxyphenanthrene （5）, syringaresinol （6）, pinoresinol （7）, medioresinol （8） and lirioresinol-A （9）, respectively. Compounds 2 and 6 exhibited more potent DPPH scavenging activities than vitamin C. All the above compounds were reported from this plant for the first time, and compounds 3, 4 and 9 were reported for the first time from the genus of Dendrobiurn. For all phenanthrenes and lignans, an electron-donating methoxyl group in the ortho position to the phenolic hydroxyl group exhibits enhanced antioxidant activities.

Study on a Natural Health Drink : Dendrobium Nobile Juice

研究表明，利用铁皮石斛加工成保健饮料石斛汁，石斛生物碱及粘多糖提取率达９０％．石斛汁经毒理试验，结论是石斛汁的小鼠、大鼠急性经口毒性的半数致死量（ＬＤ５０）雌雄两性均大于１０ｇ／ｋｇ体重，按急性毒性分级标准，该样品属实际无毒类；Ａｍｅｓ试验，小鼠骨髓嗜多染细胞微核试验，小鼠精子畸形试验均为阴性．

A New Dendrobine-Type Alkaloid from Dendrobium nobile

A new dendrobine-type alkaloid has been isolated from stems of Dendrobium nobile lindl.. Its structure has been identified on the basis of spectroscopic method.

Protective effects of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. alkaloids on amyloid beta(25–35)-induced neuronal injury

Dendrobium nobile Lindl.alkaloids（DNLA）,the active ingredients of a traditional Chinese medicine Dendrobium,have been shown to have anti-oxidative effects,anti-inflammatory action,and protective effect on neurons against oxygen-glucose deprivation.However,it is not clear whether DNLA reduces amyloid-beta（Aβ）-induced neuronal injury.In this study,cortical neurons were treated with DNLA at different concentrations（0.025,0.25,and 2.5 mg/L）for 24 hours,followed by administration of Aβ（25-35）（10μM）.Aβ（25-35） treatments increased cell injury as determined by the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase,which was accompanied by chromatin condensation and mitochondrial tumefaction.The damage caused by Aβ（25-35） on these cellular properties was markedly attenuated when cells were pretreated with DNLA.Treatment with Aβ（25-35）down-regulated the expressions of postsynaptic density-95 mRNA and decreased the protein expression of synaptophysin and postsynaptic density-95,all changes were significantly reduced by pretreatment of cells with DNLA.These findings suggest that DNLA reduces the cytotoxicity induced by Aβ（25-35） in rat primary cultured neurons.The protective mechanism that DNLA confers on the synaptic integrity of cultured neurons might be mediated,at least in part,through the upregulation of neurogenesis related proteins synaptophysin and postsynaptic density-95.

Influence of light intensity and water content of medium on total dendrobine of Dendrobium nobile Lindl

Objective: To ascertain the influence of light intensity and water content of medium on the total dendrobine of Dendrobium nobile(D. nobile).Method: The principal component analysis combined with total dendrobine accumulation was conducted to assess the yield and quality of D. nobile in all treatments. In the experiment, D. nobile plants were cultivated in greenhouse as tested materials, and complete test of 9 treatments was adopted with relative light intensities 75.02%, 39.74%,29.93% and relative water content of medium 50%, 65%, 80%. The plants were treated in June and harvested till December. Indexes including agronomic traits, fresh weight and dry weight of stem and leaf, ash content, extract, and dendrobine were measured.Results: Under the light intensity treatments of 75.02% with 50%, 65%, 80% water content of medium, the basal stems of plants were comparatively thicker with more leaves, and the fresh weight and dry weight of stems and leaves were significantly higher than other 6 treatments.Leaves in all treatments contained dendrobine. Under the light intensity treatments of 75.02%with 50%, 65%, 80% water content of medium, dendrobine content of leaves was lower while dendrobine contents of other treatments were more than 0.60%. After comprehensive assessment through the principal component analysis and total dendrobine accumulation, the results showed that 3 treatments with relative light intensity of 75.02% ranked the top three.Conclusions: In brief, the moderately strong light intensity and water content of medium from low to medium can facilitate the growth and yield of D. nobile plants, while light intensity from moderately weak to weak can enhance the dendrobine content.

Dendrobium nobile Lindl:A Review on Its Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Effects

Dendrobium nobile Lindl (D. nobile), a well-known precious herb, has a long history of use as a medicine and health food in China. Phytochemically, D. nobile has been found to contain various bioactive compounds, such as alkaloids, bibenzyl, phenanthrene, phenylpropanoids, and polysaccharides. Its medicinal applications are closely correlated to its diverse pharmacological activities, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, nervous system protective, antifatigue, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic actions. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the main chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of D. nobile, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms for its bioactivities. It is expected that this review will provide a helpful scientific reference for the development and use of D. nobile.

Extraction Process Optimization and Anti-oxidant Activity of Total Flavonoids in Dendrobium nobile Lindl.

[Objectives]To improve the yield of flavonoids from Dendrobium nobile Lindl.[Methods]On the basis of four single-factor experiments of solid/liquid ratio,extraction temperature,extraction time and ethanol volume fraction,the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of total flavonoids from D.nobile Lindl.was optimized using quadratic general rotary unitized design,and the in-vitro anti-oxidant activity of the flavonoids extracted was evaluated preliminarily.[Results]The optimized extraction process for flavonoids in D.nobile Lindl.was as follows:extraction time 10 min,solid/liquid ratio 1∶15(g∶mL),extraction temperature 75℃and ethanol volume fraction 90%.According to the revised optimal process,6 repeated experiments were carried out,and the average yield of flavonoids was(0.5515±0.0004)mg/g,consistent with the predicted value of the model.The results of anti-oxidation experiment show that the flavonoids extracted from D.nobile Lindl.have better scavenging effect on ABTS and DPPH free radicals,and the scavenging activity is proportional to the mass concentration of the extract.[Conclusions]The optimized extraction process for flavonoids from D.nobile Lindl.is reasonable and feasible,and the flavonoids in D.nobile Lindl.have strong antioxidant activity.

Dendrobium nobile Lindl. alkaloids alleviate Mn-induced neurotoxicity via PINK1/Parkinmediated mitophagy in PC12 cells

OBJECTIVE Activation of the PINK1/Parkin-mediated autophagy pathway has been proposed to play a protective role in the development of neurological disorders through the elimination of damaged macromolecules or organelles.Exposure to excessive manganese(Mn) causes neurotoxicity and can produce a Parkinson disease(PD)-like neurological disorder.Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are implicated in the mechanism of Mn induced neurotoxicity.The present study was designed to determine whether Dendrobium nobile Lindl.alkaloids(DNLA),a Chinese medicinal herb extract,confers protective function over Mn-induced cell toxicity,and to investigate whether the modulation of PINK1/Parkin-mediated autophagy is involved in the mechanism of DNLA-mediated cell protection over Mn toxicity.METHODS AND RESULTS Rat adrenal pheochromocytoma PC12 cells were utilized as an in vitro model of Mn cell toxicity.It was found that the treatment of the PC12 cells with Mn resulted in concentration-dependent cell death,accompanied by a decrease in mitochondrial respiration capacity and an increase in ROS generation,whereas pretreatment of cells with DNLA significantly alleviated cell toxicity induced by Mn and improved mitochondrial function and oxidative status.Mn treatment enhanced apoptotic cells along with a marked increase in the protein expression of Bax and a decrease in the expression of Bcl-2 protein.On the contrary,DNLA increased Bcl-2 expression,and concomitantly dramatically decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio.Analysis of the expression of PINK1 and Parkin revealed that pretreatment of cells with DNLA significantly alleviated the decrease in protein levels of both PINK1 and Parkin caused by Mn.Furthermore,cells treated with Mn exhibited increased expression of LC3-Ⅱ and a decrease in accumulation of P62,which was noticeably reversed by the pretreatment of cells with DNLA.CONCLUSION DNLA inhibits Mn induced cytotoxicity,which may be mediated through modulating PINK1/Parkin-mediated autophagic flux and improving mitochondrial function.

“2023 EVIDENT杯相控阵超声检测技术优秀论文评选”征文启事

为追踪无损检测超声领域的新发展动态,推动无损检启事测技术的创新与进步,加强同行之间的交流与合作,由《无损检测》编辑部主办,EVIDENT公司冠名的“2023 EVIDENT杯相控阵超声检测技术优秀论文评选”活动将于2023年8月盛大启动。

“2023 EVIDENT杯相控阵超声检测技术优秀论文评选”征文启事

为追踪无损检测超声领域的新发展动态,推动无损检启事测技术的创新与进步,加强同行之间的交流与合作,由《无损检测》编辑部主办,EVIDENT公司冠名的“2023 EVIDENT杯相控阵超声检测技术优秀论文评选”活动将于2023年8月盛大启动。

德宏石斛产业调查分析及建议

石斛是德宏州实现乡村振兴的一项重要产业,发展中也出现诸多问题。文章在调查基础上针对德宏州石斛产业发展存在的问题提出对策,为促进德宏州石斛产业健康发展提供参考。

中药石斛研究的回顾与展望

中药石斛基原复杂,其主流品种有霍山石斛Dendrobium huoshanense C.Z.Tang et S.J.Cheng、铁皮石斛D.officinale Kimura et Migo、金钗石斛D.nobile Lindl.,《中华人民共和国药典》(以下简称《中国药典》)2005年版石斛项下增加了“及其近似种”的描述,难以确定具体物种,有必要对其进一步正本清源。对石斛属的起源进行本草考证,对霍山石斛、铁皮石斛、金钗石斛的本草起源进行梳理,为不同石斛属药材的应用提供参考。霍山石斛是最早作为中药石斛应用的品种,高效液相色谱法特征图谱等方法为《中国药典》2020年版收录霍山石斛提供了技术支撑;铁皮石斛应为石斛药材中应用时间最久、范围最广的品种,其主要为浙江、云南、贵州,以及广东、广西、福建、江西等地丹霞地貌上生长的种群,应高度重视并对其进行保护;D.nobile在历代文献中的中文名称混乱,应明确将其作为金钗石斛的拉丁学名。枫斗是我国名贵中药和传统保健品,起源于霍山石斛。古代名医对霍山石斛、铁皮石斛、金钗石斛、川石斛的用法各有特色,建议厘清品种来源、功效,加强现代研究,在修订《中国药典》时将其各自单列,充分发挥中药石斛的临床价值。

一维两阀:从《筑山庭造传》中辑考日本“江户造园新体图式”

长期以来,中日两国的造园理论体系被限定为一种“外师造化、中得心源”的产物,并将其视为是一种由“心”而生的艺术创造。江户时代之后,日本造园界将中国的“气象体志”理论发展总结为“技艺”“心”与“感”3个层次,后又总结成更为简化的神仙气、轮苑气、山林气、出世气、儒先气等俗理,并根据江户时代的赏析习惯,绘制出“真行草”47种规范化的造园图式,形成了“一维两阀”的造园现象,一跃成为研究日本古典造园艺术“图式”的学术途径与法门钥匙。基于对日本江户时期北村援琴的造园著作《筑山庭造传》的研究,将“美感”视作造园生发程式化设计的主要脉络,对日本“江户美感新体图式”的创新路径进行学术探讨,由此检验北村援琴所主张的内在渊源、理论谱系和路径谱系等问题,并以此充当研究中国造园文献之重要补遗。

金钗石斛中一个新的木防己毒烷型倍半萜

为了解金钗石斛乙醇提取物正丁醇部位的化学成分,通过硅胶、凝胶、反相硅胶和高效液相等各种色谱技术进行分离纯化得到3个化合物,并根据核磁共振、质谱等波谱手段确定其结构分别为2,11-epoxy-11,13-dihydroxypicrotoxano-3(15)-lactone (1)、2,4,6-三甲氧基苯-1-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2)和3-methylbutan-1-ol β-D-glucopyranoside (3)。其中化合物1是一个新的木防己毒烷型倍半萜,该类化合物是金钗石斛中具有代表性的倍半萜类型。所有化合物均没有α-葡萄糖苷酶和酪氨酸酶抑制活性,同时化合物1也没有神经保护活性。

基于关键层理论的切顶留巷下覆岩裂隙分布特征研究

针对切顶留巷工艺使得切顶侧采空区覆岩裂隙分布改变的问题,采用物理相似模拟与数值模拟相结合的手段分析了切顶留巷工艺下采空区应力分布、覆岩运移和采动裂隙分布规律。在此基础上,基于关键层理论与采动覆岩卸荷膨胀累积效应,探讨了切顶与未切顶侧覆岩裂隙发育高度和离层裂隙区宽度的变化,分析了不同层位定向卸压瓦斯抽采钻孔抽采效果,验证和反演了切顶留巷工艺下覆岩裂隙分布规律。研究结果表明:切顶留巷工艺能有效降低切顶侧顶底板的应力集中,但应力仍会向煤岩深部传递;切顶使得垮落岩层厚度与顶板破断形式发生改变,导致裂隙带发育高度、亚关键层控制范围内离层裂隙区宽度产生变化;切顶侧端头垮落带高度为未切顶侧的2倍,裂隙带高度为未切顶侧的0.87倍,在裂隙带中下部,切顶侧的离层量和穿层裂隙数量均大于未切顶侧;切顶侧在煤层顶板8~30 m范围内裂隙发育量随距离增大而增大,在30~48 m范围内随距离增大而减小,裂隙主要分布于裂隙带中下部;不同层位抽采钻孔瓦斯浓度和流量的“错峰”验证了上述研究结论。研究结果对高瓦斯矿井切顶留巷工艺下卸压瓦斯治理具有一定参考价值。

豆楮方对DEN诱发大鼠肝癌的防治作用

目的探讨中药复方豆楮方对DEN诱发大鼠肝癌的干预作用。方法50只SD大鼠在第1周按剂量为100 mg/kg注射DEN后,从第2周起按每周70 mg/kg剂量,连续灌胃16周诱发大鼠肝癌模型,用药组给予不同剂量的豆楮方灌胃,第18周处死大鼠,观察大鼠肝癌结节数、肝/体质量比、肝脏病理变化及bcl-2/bax免疫组化表达。结果豆楮方大鼠肝癌结节数、肝/体质量比、血清及肝组织匀浆的GST、血清ALT、AST水平较模型组有所降低,而豆楮方大鼠的A/G比例较模型组明显上升,豆楮方还能对抗DEN造成的大鼠肝脏bcl-2上调及bax下调。结论豆楮方具有防治DEN诱发大鼠肝癌的作用,其作用机制可能与基因调控有关。

不同治则对DEN诱发大鼠肝癌作用的比较研究

为研究不同中医治则对DEN诱发大鼠肝癌的作用差异 ,并探讨其机理。将 60只大鼠以DEN诱发大鼠肝癌 ,并随机分为 6组 ,模型组 (B)、西药组 (C)、全方组 (D)、清热组 (E)、活血组 (F)、健脾组 (G) ,每组 10只。另取 10只未造模大鼠为正常对照组 (A) ,除A、B两组外 ,分别采取相应的治疗方法。 6W后处死全部大鼠 ,观察大鼠的一般状况及肝组织病理、AFP等相关指标的变化。结果 :所观察的各种中医治则均优于西药化疗 ,其中全方组、活血组综合疗效较好 ,而清热组对改善肝组织病理及降低肝组织AFP含量最明显 ,健脾组疗效较差。结论 :清热解毒法在肝癌局部治疗方面呈现出显著的特点 ,但多种治法组合后 ,其综合疗效要优于单一治法 。