Functions of Plant Growth Substances in the Growth of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo

[Objectives] To study the effects of plant growth substance on the growth and development of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo. [Methods] Comparative methods were applied to study the effects of plant growth substance on the growth and development of D. officinale Kimura et Migo. [Results] Plant growth regulators play an important role in the process of tissue culture rapid propagation of D. officinale Kimura et Migo,and the main regulatory pathways are as follows.( i) Plant growth regulators promote the growth and development of D. officinale Kimura et Migo through regulating the changes of its endogenous hormones.( ii) Plant growth regulators affect the accumulation of polysaccharide content in D. officinale Kimura et Migo through regulating the changes in chlorophyll content and enzymes involved in sucrose metabolism.( iii) Plant growth regulators can increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes of D. officinale Kimura et Migo,to increase its stress resistance. [Conclusions]Using molecular biology techniques,combined with the changes of plant hormones in D. officinale Kimura et Migo,and analysis on key enzyme in the synthesis of plant hormones and gene expression,it is feasible to study the rules o changes in the content of active content of D. officinale Kimura et Migo.

Efficacy Evaluation of 16% Validamycin·thifluzamide SC against Selerotium rolfsii in Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo

[Objective] The paper was to understand the control efficacy and the optimal dosage of 16% validamycin？thifluzamide SC on controlling Selerotium rolfsii in Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo. [Method] The control efficacy of 16% validamycin·thifluzamide SC against S.rolfsii was determined by spraying agents on the whole plant of D.officinale. The significance of differences was analyzed by Duncan＇s new multiple range test （DMRT）. [Result] The control efficacy of 16% validamycin.thifluzamide SC sprayed at the doses of 80-160 mg a.i./kg was 85.33% at 14 d post spraying, higher than that of control agent 4% validamycin AS sprayed at the dose of 80 mg a.i./kg （78.36%）, and equivalent to that of control agent 240 g/L thifluzamide SC sprayed at the dose of 120 mg a.i./kg （90.60%）. [Conclusion] 16% Validamycin·thifluzamide SC sprayed at the doses of 80-160 mg a.i./kg could effectively control the damage of S.rolfsii in D.officinale, and could be popularized in the production.

Research Progress of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo

The effects of light on the quality and related genes of Dendrobium officinale were summarized, and the main chemical components and pharmacological effects of D. officinale were analyzed. The biomass accumulation of D. officinale is related to light quality and light intensity. Monochromatic light quality can make polysaccharide accumulate, and mixed light quality can promote cell proliferation and component accumulation of D. officinale. Under different light intensity, the polysaccharide content of D. officinale is different, and it changes with the change of light intensity. When a certain intensity is exceeded, the polysaccharide content decreases with the increase of light intensity. The chemical components of D. officinale are polysaccharides, alkaloids, amino acids, volatile components, etc. The analysis of the growth and components of D. officinale provides reference and basis for improving the quality and chemical components of D. officinale and promotes the research and development of related products of D. officinale.

New Utilization Model of Karst Rocky Desertified Land in Southwest China:Ecological Planting of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo on Bare Rocky Mountains

The Yunnan-Guangxi-Guizhou rocky desertified area in southwestern China is one of the contiguous extremely poor areas identified in the Outline of Poverty Alleviation and Development in the Rural Areas of China(2011-2020).In rocky desertified areas,due to long-term severe soil erosion,large areas of bedrock are exposed or gravels are accumulated.This bare rock and gravel-mulched land has become the main land type in the rocky mountains.Under normal circumstances,it cannot be directly used for agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry,and fishery production,and is classified as land that is difficult to be utilized.In recent years,in Debao County,Baise City,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,as a deeply impoverished county in the Yunnan-Guangxi-Guizhou rocky desertified area,a new land use model of karst rocky desertified land,that is,planting Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo on bare rocky ground,has emerged,and certain poverty alleviation benefits have been achieved initially.In this article,on the basis of analyzing the suitability of planting D.officinale Kimura et Migo on karst rocky desertified land,the practice of planning D.officinale Kimura et Migo on the rocky desertified land in Debao County was elucidated,and then suggestions for reasonable promotion of ecological planting of D.officinale Kimura et Migo in karst rocky desertified areas were put forward.

Study on Mechanism of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo in Preventing and Treating Exercise-induced Muscle Damage(EIMD)in Rats

[Objectives]This study was conducted to observe the mechanism of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo on gastrocnemius muscle in rats with exercise-induced muscle damage(EIMD).[Methods]The micro-injury model of skeletal muscle was established by treadmill training.Forty two SD rats were randomly divided into a control group,1,12 and 24 h exercise groups,D.officinale 2 ml+1 h exercise group,D.officinale 2 ml+12 h exercise group,and D.officinale 2 ml+24 h exercise group,with 6 rats in each group.Various D.officinale groups were given the drug once in the morning and once in the evening at a dose of 2 ml/time,a week in advance.Except for the quiet group,the samples were collected from the 1,12 and 24 h exercise groups after anesthesia following 1,12 and 24 h of exercise for the last time,respectively,and the D.officinale 2 ml+1 h exercise group,D.officinale 2 ml+12 h exercise group and D.officinale 2 ml+24 h exercise group were also sampled after anesthesia following 1,12 and 24 h of exercise for the last time,respectively.The contents of ATP,CK-MM and CK in rat serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The histopathological changes of gastrocnemius muscle were observed by HE staining.PCR and Western-blot detection were carried out to analyze the effects of D.officinale on IGF-1 mRNA and protein expression in gastrocnemius muscle.[Results]Compared with the quiet group,the ATP contents in the serum of rats in the 1,12 and 24 h exercise groups significantly decreased(P<0.01),while the CK and CK-MM contents significantly increased(P<0.01).The expression of IGF-1 mRNA and protein in the gastrocnemius muscle tissue significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the 1 h exercise group,the ATP content and IGF-1 protein expression in the gastrocnemius muscle tissue of the D.officinale liquid+1 h exercise group significantly increased(P<0.05),while the CK and CK-MM contents significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the 12 h exercise group,the D.officinale liquid+12 h exercise group showed a significant increase in ATP content(P<0.01),significant increases in IGF-1 mRNA and protein expression in the gastrocnemius muscle tissue(P<0.01),and significant decreases in CK and CK-MM contents(P<0.01).Compared with the 24 h exercise group,the ATP content and IGF-1 mRNA and protein expression in the gastrocnemius muscle tissue of the D.officinale liquid+24 h exercise group significantly increased(P<0.01),while the CK and CK-MM contents significantly decreased(P<0.01).From the pathological tissue morphology of the gastrocnemius muscle in rats with EIMD treated with D.officinale,it could be concluded that the gastrocnemius muscle of each exercise group was significantly damaged,and the damage was significantly alleviated after administration of D.officinale liquid.[Conclusions]The effects and mechanism of D.officinale on prevention and treatment of EIMD in rats might be related to the promotion of IGF-1 mRNA and protein expression in injured tissues by reducing ATP energy consumption,CK-MM and CK activity.

Clinical Effect of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo from Longhushan on Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

[Objectives] To observe and compare the clinical effect and safety of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo from Longhushan on treatment of type 2 diabetes. [Methods] 90 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into group A,group B and control group by randomized control method. Group A adopted D. officinale Kimura et Migo and metformin hydrochloride; group B adopted D. officinale Kimura et Migo; the control group adopted metformin hydrochloride. The fasting plasma glucose( FPG) of 3 groups was measured before the treatment and 2 weeks,4 weeks,6 weeks,8 weeks,10 weeks,and 12 weeks after the treatment,Hb A1 c was measured and diabetes symptom grade score was counted before the treatment and 12 weeks after treatment,observation indicators and clinical effect of 3 groups of patients were compared. [Results] The fasting plasma glucose level in group A was lower than that in other 2 groups,the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 01),and there was no statistical significance in the difference between group B and the control group( P >0. 05); Hb A1 c of group A for 12 weeks after treatment was lower than that of other 2 groups,the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 01),and there was no statistical significance in the difference between group B and the control group( P > 0. 05); the difference in diabetes symptom grade score of group A was greater than that in other 2 groups,the difference was statistically significant( P < 0. 01),and there was no statistical significance in the difference between group B and the control group( P > 0. 05). [Conclusions]D. officinale Kimura et Migo from Longhushan can effectively reduce the fasting plasma glucose level and Hb A1 c of type 2 diabetic patients and effectively improve the symptoms of patients; clinical application of D. officinale Kimura et Migo has equivalent effect with metformin hydrochloride,and combination of D. officinale Kimura et Migo with metformin hydrochloride has better effect than single use.

铁皮石斛苗床下立体栽培羊肚菌技术及其对土壤理化性质的影响

探讨四川省攀枝花市秋末冬初设施塑料大棚中羊肚菌(Morchella spp.)-铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo)立体栽培的可行性,测定在羊肚菌生长过程中的菌丝生长期(M1)、子实体生长期(M2)和采收期(M3)表层土壤的pH、全氮、铵态氮、速效磷、有效钾、有机质、电导率(Electric conductivity,EC)和固体溶解性物质总量(Total dissolved solids,TDS)等。结果表明,与对照组相比,在羊肚菌生长的过程中,试验组不同时期表层土壤的pH和有效钾含量均下降,而速效磷、全氮、铵态氮、EC、TDS和有机质的含量均显著增高,且产量达(1950±180)kg/hm^(2)。

中药石斛研究的回顾与展望

中药石斛基原复杂,其主流品种有霍山石斛Dendrobium huoshanense C.Z.Tang et S.J.Cheng、铁皮石斛D.officinale Kimura et Migo、金钗石斛D.nobile Lindl.,《中华人民共和国药典》(以下简称《中国药典》)2005年版石斛项下增加了“及其近似种”的描述,难以确定具体物种,有必要对其进一步正本清源。对石斛属的起源进行本草考证,对霍山石斛、铁皮石斛、金钗石斛的本草起源进行梳理,为不同石斛属药材的应用提供参考。霍山石斛是最早作为中药石斛应用的品种,高效液相色谱法特征图谱等方法为《中国药典》2020年版收录霍山石斛提供了技术支撑;铁皮石斛应为石斛药材中应用时间最久、范围最广的品种,其主要为浙江、云南、贵州,以及广东、广西、福建、江西等地丹霞地貌上生长的种群,应高度重视并对其进行保护;D.nobile在历代文献中的中文名称混乱,应明确将其作为金钗石斛的拉丁学名。枫斗是我国名贵中药和传统保健品,起源于霍山石斛。古代名医对霍山石斛、铁皮石斛、金钗石斛、川石斛的用法各有特色,建议厘清品种来源、功效,加强现代研究,在修订《中国药典》时将其各自单列,充分发挥中药石斛的临床价值。

缺素及缺素恢复对铁皮石斛组培苗的影响

为探究12种必需矿质元素(包括N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B、Mo)对铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo)生长及生理指标的影响,以铁皮石斛3个月组培苗为材料,以MS培养基为基础设置全营养对照(CK)、单一缺素处理和缺素恢复处理,分析各处理条件下铁皮石斛的表型特征和生理变化。结果显示:缺N、P、Ca、Cu、Zn处理组铁皮石斛组培苗缺素症状明显,整株的生长状态及叶片和假鳞茎的解剖结构均受到影响;除Zn外,其他元素缺素恢复处理后症状均得到明显改善。缺N、K、Ca、S、Zn处理组假鳞茎长及缺N、Ca处理组的叶片数受抑制明显。除P外,其他元素缺素处理组叶片叶绿素含量明显降低,多数缺素恢复处理组叶片叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量较缺素处理组极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)升高;缺Fe处理组的叶绿素a含量与叶绿素b含量的比值明显降低,恢复处理后接近于CK。除Fe外,其他微量元素缺素处理对叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性抑制明显,而缺大量元素处理组的SOD活性均不同程度升高;缺P处理组的过氧化物酶(POD)活性明显降低,而缺N、Mg、S、Mn、Zn、Cu处理组的POD活性明显升高,除Mn外,其他元素缺素恢复处理组的POD活性均升高。缺N、P可大幅提高叶片可溶性糖含量,缺N、Mn、Cu可大幅提高叶片可溶性蛋白质含量。缺N、Cu处理组假鳞茎多糖含量大幅高于CK,Ca、Mo缺素恢复处理组假鳞茎多糖含量较缺素处理组极显著升高;缺Mg处理组假鳞茎总黄酮含量大幅高于CK。综上,在保证铁皮石斛正常生长的前提下,可通过Ca、Mo缺素恢复处理来提高铁皮石斛假鳞茎多糖含量,通过适量缺Mg处理来提高铁皮石斛假鳞茎总黄酮含量。

铁皮石斛miR168分子进化特征及响应蓝激光表达分析

笔者在关于铁皮石斛miRNA组学研究中发现较多响应蓝激光的miRNA,挑选关键且差异表达的miR168进行分子进化特征及其响应蓝激光表达分析。经对前体和成熟体分类统计、进化树构建、靶基因预测、启动子顺示作用元件及响应不同光质表达等进行分析,结果显示:miR168家族成员分布在40个植物物种中,前体和成熟体成员较少,其在植物中可能进化得不够完整;物种特异性是影响miR168前体进化特性的重要因素,而序列保守性是影响成熟体进化特性的主要因素;由3p臂上形成的miR168成熟体序列有较高特异性、5p臂形成的成熟体的序列保守性较高;Mfold和Rfam预测表明铁皮石斛miR168茎序列的保守性高于环序列,前体发卡结构较多,成熟体位置位于3p臂上,既包含茎序列也包含环序列;铁皮石斛miR168a的启动子主要包括光、激素、生物和非生物胁迫响应元件,可能通过这些顺式元件在其响应蓝激光中起调控作用;铁皮石斛响应蓝激光的靶基因主要包括ABC转运蛋白B家族成员、乙酰辅酶A乙酰转移酶等,主要参与植物生长发育和响应外界因素。实时荧光定量PCR结果表明,铁皮石斛miR168a与其靶基因gene-MA16_Dca006149、gene-MA16_Dca020995、gene-MA16_Dca017821参与蓝激光对铁皮石斛的影响。

韶关丹霞地貌铁皮石斛野生资源调查与生境分析

目的:调查广东韶关丹霞地貌现存铁皮石斛野生资源的生存现状,为野生铁皮石斛就地保护、回归保育及仿野生栽培提供参考。方法:对国内铁皮石斛野生资源情况进行整理,基于本课题组近10年来对广东韶关丹霞地貌野生铁皮石斛资源分布和生境开展的跟踪调查,对11个调查地点的海拔、朝向、铁皮石斛数量、坡位、坡向进行分析,探讨丹霞地貌野生铁皮石斛植物形态和生境特点。结果:调查记录了广东韶关丹霞地貌中的野生铁皮石斛300余丛,约3000 g,处于极度濒危状态;实地观察发现,野生铁皮石斛茎多呈紫红色,长5~10 cm,有“形似蚱蜢髀”的茎条,叶铁锈色斑点明显;丹霞地貌的野生铁皮石斛大多生长在海拔100~500 m的丹霞崖壁中部或近坡顶处,常与苔藓和地衣伴生,一般生长在东南至西南朝向、通风良好、傍水潮湿的丹霞岩壁上,且半阳偏阴、温凉高湿环境下长势较好。结论:野外考察证实,《本草经集注》中记载的“今用石斛出始兴”的石斛为铁皮石斛,其药用历史在1500年以上;丹霞地貌的铁皮石斛为目前国内铁皮石斛的主要种源之一;野生丹霞铁皮石斛因自身繁殖率低、人为长期采摘等原因,现已极度濒危,亟须开展铁皮石斛野生资源的调查与保护工作。

基于品质指标的正交试验优化铁皮石斛真空冷冻干燥工艺

【目的】在现有工业生产的铁皮石斛真空冷冻干燥工艺基础上优化时间参数,以期获得最佳干燥工艺,提高效率同时提升产品品质,为铁皮石斛干制产品工业化生产提供参考依据。【方法】以新鲜铁皮石斛为原料,采用正交试验考察不同升华时间对铁皮石斛多糖、甘露糖、醇浸出物和多酚含量及抗氧化活性的影响,与现有工业生产的真空冷冻干燥工艺进行对比,确定最佳真空冷冻干燥工艺。【结果】各因素对真空冷冻干燥铁皮石斛品质的影响主次顺序:35℃所用时间>55℃所用时间>25℃所用时间>45℃所用时间;铁皮石斛的最佳真空冷冻干燥工艺参数:真空度30Pa,冷阱温度-40℃,升华温度和升华时间为15℃(3 h)→25℃(3 h)→35℃(5 h)→45℃(9 h)→55℃(18 h),共38h,在此条件下,铁皮石斛多糖含量为35.3%,甘露糖含量为23.1%,醇浸出物含量为7.8%,1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼(DPPH)自由基清除率为30.3%,综合评分为88.3分。与现有真空冷冻干燥铁皮石斛工艺相比,干燥时间缩短2.6%,多糖和甘露糖含量分别显著提高27.0%和5.0%(P<0.05,下同),醇浸出物含量无显著差异(P>0.05),DPPH自由基清除率显著减少31.0%,多酚含量相当,色泽较接近新鲜的铁皮石斛样品。【结论】经优化后真空冷冻干燥工艺得到的铁皮石斛有效成分含量较高,干燥时间缩短,色泽更佳。

乐清市铁皮石斛总黄酮含量的测定

[目的]测定乐清市铁皮石斛总黄酮的含量。[方法]以芦丁为对照品,采用NaNO2-Al(NO3)3-NaOH显色,在510 nm波长处用紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮的含量。[结果]芦丁在0.011 1～0.066 7 mg/ml浓度范围内与吸光度呈良好线性关系(R2=0.999 2);样品溶液在12 h之内稳定性良好,RSD值为0.15%;建立的方法重复性良好,其RSD值为3.12%。[结论]该方法简便、准确、稳定,可用于铁皮石斛中总黄酮含量的测定。

铁皮石斛居群差异的研究(Ⅰ)——植物体形态结构的差异

目的 比较分析广西、贵州、云南三省区的铁皮石斛主要居群形态结构的差异。方法 运用光镜对铁皮石斛茎进行比较解剖。结果 将采集到的我国铁皮石斛主产区的主要居群分为二种类型 :F型和 H型。F型植株的茎相对短而柔软 ,具粘性 ,适宜加工成铁皮枫斗 ;其中广西西林居群和云南广南居群茎的表皮具较丰富的蜡质 ,不具下皮层 ,横切面上维管束密度小 ,维管束内外侧纤维群不发达 ,茎尤为柔软 ,是加工铁皮枫斗的优质居群。H型植株的茎较长、质地较硬、粘性差 ,不适宜加工成铁皮枫斗。结论 F型和 H型居群铁皮石斛茎的形态结构具有明显差异 ,弄清铁皮石斛居群差异对指导铁皮石斛的采收、加工以及大面积人工繁殖具有重要意义。

氯虫苯甲酰胺和吡唑醚菌酯在铁皮石斛中的残留及消解动态

建立了Qu ECh ERS-液相色谱-质谱联用（LC-MS/MS）同时测定铁皮石斛茎和叶中氯虫苯甲酰胺和吡唑醚菌酯残留量的分析方法,并采用该方法研究了这2种农药在铁皮石斛中的消解动态及最终残留量。样品经乙腈提取,用N-丙基乙二胺（PSA）、C18和石墨化碳（PC）净化。正离子电离,多反应监测模式,LC-MS/MS测定,外标法定量。结果表明：在0.10~60 mg/kg添加水平下,氯虫苯甲酰胺在铁皮石斛茎和叶中的平均回收率为74%~90%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为3.2%~4.1%;吡唑醚菌酯在铁皮石斛茎和叶中的平均回收率为75%~104%,RSD为1.7%~4.4%。样品中氯虫苯甲酰胺和吡唑醚菌酯的定量限（LOQ）均为0.1 mg/kg。氯虫苯甲酰胺和吡唑醚菌酯在铁皮石斛中消解较慢,120 d时,氯虫苯甲酰胺在铁皮石斛茎和叶中的降解率分别为40%和72%,吡唑醚菌酯在铁皮石斛茎和叶中的降解率分别为80%和94%。吡唑醚菌酯在铁皮石斛叶中的消解半衰期为38.1 d。5%氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂按有效成分37.5 g/hm^2施药1~2次,施药间隔为7 d,当采收间隔期为30 d时,氯虫苯甲酰胺在茎和叶中的残留量均小于3mg/kg。25%吡唑醚菌酯水分散粒剂按有效成分187.5 g/hm^2施药2~3次,施药间隔为7 d,当采收间隔期为90 d时,吡唑醚菌酯在茎和叶中的残留量均小于8 mg/kg。

铁皮石斛研究进展

综述了 2 0余年来国内有关铁皮石斛的组织培养、化学成分、药理作用、菌根真菌等研究工作 ,并对其产业化开发的有关问题作了初步的探讨。

不同种植年限铁皮石斛多糖、甘露糖含量的测定及其它化学成分比较研究

目的：比较不同种植年限铁皮石斛的多糖及甘露糖含量,并对其正丁醇部位及乙醚部位化学成分进行比较研究,为铁皮石斛种植年限的确定提供参考。方法：采用苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖含量,柱前衍生化HPLC法测定甘露糖的含量,RP-HPLC结合二极管阵列检测器（DAD）法分析铁皮石斛正丁醇部位（360 nm）及乙醚部位（280 nm）分别随不同种植年限的变化情况。结果：铁皮石斛多糖含量随种植年限不同而变化,2年生〉3年生〉4年生,2～4年生铁皮石斛随种植年限增加,多糖含量减少。甘露糖含量随种植年限的变化也呈现与多糖相同的变化趋势。铁皮石斛正丁醇部位中黄酮类成分在360 nm下随种植年限变化有一定的变化,2年生中黄酮类化合物相对极性较小,且较集中。3年生极性分布较广,且含量相对较大。4年生主要分布在极性大的黄酮类化合物,含量相对较低。铁皮石斛乙醚部位在280 nm下随着种植年限增加,色谱图峰强度增加明显。结论：从多糖及甘露糖含量考虑,以2年生铁皮石斛含量最高,宜以两年生为用;而结合酚类及黄酮类成分却与此有所背离,具体有待进一步深入研究。

铁皮石斛原球茎的诱导与增殖影响因素研究

目的:研究铁皮石斛原球茎诱导与增殖的最适培养基配方。方法:以铁皮石斛种胚为材料,以MS培养基为基本培养基,研究不同植物激素6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)、萘乙酸(NAA)、2,4-D(2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸)和激动素(KT)或其组合及马铃薯提取液(PE)、香蕉提取液(BE)、苹果提取液(AE)和椰乳(CM)等有机添加物对铁皮石斛原球茎诱导和增殖的影响。结果:6-BA与NAA配比不利于种胚萌发,萌发度均低于MS培养基;添加10%的PE、CM有利于原球茎诱导;2,4-D对原球茎的生长和增殖不利,一定浓度的BA、KT和NAA有利于原球茎的增殖;KT浓度为1.0 mg/L时,原球茎40 d增殖倍数最高,达9.0;PE、CM、AE都能不同程度的促进原球茎的增殖,以10%的CM效果最好。结论:适宜铁皮石斛原球茎的诱导培养基为MS+10%CM+1.0 g/L AC;适宜铁皮石斛原球茎增殖的培养基为MS+1.0mg/L KT+0.2mg/L NAA+10%CM。

环境因子对铁皮石斛生长发育及药效成分含量的影响

目的:研究环境因子对铁皮石斛生长发育及药效成分含量的影响,探索其高产优质的人工栽培条件。方法:通过室内模拟正交试验,设置了不同光照、温度、湿度、营养水平的生长条件,培养4个月后,采用叶绿素荧光仪、比色法等方法测量了铁皮石斛的生物量、形态特征、叶绿素荧光参数及多糖、黄酮和生物碱的含量等指标。结果:在本次试验参数范围内,光照是影响生物量、多糖和叶绿素含量的首要因子,高光照(21 600 Lx)有利于生物量的积累,而低光照(2 400 Lx)则会增加叶绿素和多糖含量。空气湿度是影响茎粗、分蘖数、ETRmax、Fv/Fm和生物碱、黄酮含量的重要因子,中等水平湿度(昼/夜湿度80%/65%)有利于以上形态指标和叶绿素荧光参数,而低湿度(昼/夜湿度70%/55%)则有利于生物碱和黄酮的积累。温度是影响株高的主要因子,高温(昼/夜温度28℃/13℃)有利于株高的生长。此外,营养成分虽然显著影响了大部分的指标参数,但均不是最主要影响因子。结论:综合产量和品质分析,昼/夜温度28℃/13℃、昼/夜湿度80%/65%为铁皮石斛适宜的生长条件,但21 600 Lx高光照有利于其提高生物量,而2 400 Lx低光照则更有利于提高其多糖含量。该研究结果为人工规模化高效栽培铁皮石斛提供科学依据。

铁皮石斛主要农艺性状与多糖含量相关性多重分析

目的:研究铁皮石斛多糖含量与农艺性状之间的相互关系,为提高铁皮石斛种质资源创新利用和铁皮石斛新品种选育提供依据。方法:对30份铁皮石斛种质资源总计110个单株的植株多糖含量和各农艺性状指标进行调查和测定,在此基础上进行相关分析和通径分析。结果:相关性分析表明,铁皮石斛平均节间距与多糖含量的负相关性达显著水平,相关系数为-0.695,叶厚与多糖含量呈正相关,但相关性不显著。通径分析中,茎长的影响最大,为正效应,直接通径系数为1.568。结论:在铁皮石斛资源筛选与新品种选育时,通过考察这些农艺性状指标即可兼顾其多糖含量指标,可为铁皮石斛优良品种的选育实践提供直观而实用的技术指导。