Introduction: Transitioning to more efficacious Antiretrovirals for HIV infected pregnant women and infant prophylaxis has reduced Mother to child transmission of HIV significantly. This study aimed to determine HIV i...Introduction: Transitioning to more efficacious Antiretrovirals for HIV infected pregnant women and infant prophylaxis has reduced Mother to child transmission of HIV significantly. This study aimed to determine HIV infection status in HIVexposed infants who had their first DNA polymerase chain reaction test in our molecular Laboratory. Subjects, Materials and Methods: Dried Blood Spots for HIV DNA results from 5 states between 2009 and 2020 were analyzed in the PCR laboratory of the Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe. Results: Nine thousand eight hundred and twenty-three Human Immunodeficiency Virus Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase Chain Reaction results were analysed;4937 (50.2%) were males. During the study period, there was an overall declining trend in the mother-to-child transmission rate from 3.8% in 2009 to 1.0% in 2020. 6120 (62.3%) of HIV + mothers received Highly active antiretroviral therapy HAART before pregnancy. 7845 (76.2%) of the infants received Nevirapine prophylaxis. Dried blood spot samples were collected from 4077 (41.5%) at 6 - 8 weeks. 8438 (85.9%) received cotrimoxazole. 9469 (96.4%) were ever breastfed. Of the 9823 HIV DNA PCR results, 255 (2.6%) were positive while 69/4077 (1.7%) and 109/2662 (4.1%) were positive for HIV DNA at 6 - 8 weeks and > 12 weeks respectively. (p = 0.001). 86/747 (11.5%) of infants whose HIV-positive mothers received no ARVS were HIV DNA positive. (p = 0.001). 106/884 (12.0%) of infants who had no Antiretroviral prophylaxis had positive HIV DNA results;7/413 (1.7%) with Zidovudine/Nevirapine prophylaxis had positive results. (p = 0.001). 246/9469 (2.6%) of infants that were ever breastfed were positive for HIV DNA;11/354 (3.0%) that never breastfed had positive HIV DNA. Conclusion: Lack of maternal/infant ARVs and prolonged breastfeeding increased the risk of infant HIV infection.展开更多
Theoretical analysis of the DNA dynamics reveals that interaction between the single solitons and plane wave implies Smale-horseshoe chaos in the double helices. Solutions of the chaotic solitons are derived from a di...Theoretical analysis of the DNA dynamics reveals that interaction between the single solitons and plane wave implies Smale-horseshoe chaos in the double helices. Solutions of the chaotic solitons are derived from a direct perturbation technique. It is demonstrated that to produce the bounded chaotic solitons, velocities of the solit ons nust be the same and equal to propagation velocity of the plane wave in DNA. The result shows that the DNA structure may be destroyed by the long action of an electromagnetic wave. It also supplies a useful method for controlling the velocities and unboundedness of the DNA motion in a tumour cell by using a plane wave.展开更多
目的:分析不同保存温度及溶血、脂血血液标本对乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)检测结果的影响。方法:选取2021年1-12月甘肃省肿瘤医院检验科的84份脂血血液标本、127份溶血血液标本及46份性状正常的血液标本分别作为脂血组、溶血...目的:分析不同保存温度及溶血、脂血血液标本对乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)检测结果的影响。方法:选取2021年1-12月甘肃省肿瘤医院检验科的84份脂血血液标本、127份溶血血液标本及46份性状正常的血液标本分别作为脂血组、溶血组及对照组。检测对照组不同保存温度不同保存时间HBV DNA Ct值。检测脂血组及对照组标本中的HBV DNA Ct值。检测溶血组及对照组所有血液标本HBV DNA Ct值。比较对照组不同保存温度下4 h、24 h、48 h、72 h及1周的HBV DNA Ct值。比较对照组及脂血组的HBV DNA Ct值及HBV DNA检出率。比较对照组及溶血组的HBV DNA Ct值及HBV DNA检出率。结果:25℃下保存1周HBV DNA Ct值高于25℃下保存4 h、24 h、48 h、72 h,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);37℃下保存72 h、1周HBV DNA Ct值高于37℃下保存4 h、24 h、48 h,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);37℃下保存48 h HBV DNA Ct值高于37℃下保存4 h、24 h,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。-30℃下保存48 h、72 h HBV DNA Ct值低于37℃下保存48 h、72 h,保存1周HBV DNA Ct值低于25℃、37℃下保存1周,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);4℃、25℃下保存72 h、1周HBV DNA Ct值低于37℃下保存72 h、1周,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2 mmol/L<甘油三酯(TG)<4 mmol/L组、4 mmol/L≤TG<6 mmol/L组、TG≥6 mmol/L组及对照组HBV DNA Ct值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。20 g/L<血红蛋白(Hb)<40 g/L组、40 g/L≤Hb<80 g/L组及对照组HBV DNA检出率均高于Hb≥80 g/L组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。20 g/L<Hb<40 g/L组、40 g/L≤Hb<80 g/L组、Hb≥80 g/L组及对照组HBV DNA Ct值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在检测血液中HBV DNA时,应避免较高温度下长时间保存,同时脂血及轻中度溶血对HBV DNA检测影响较小,但重度溶血会导致HBV DNA检测假阴性结果的出现,因此对于重度溶血患者应重新抽血复检。展开更多
文摘Introduction: Transitioning to more efficacious Antiretrovirals for HIV infected pregnant women and infant prophylaxis has reduced Mother to child transmission of HIV significantly. This study aimed to determine HIV infection status in HIVexposed infants who had their first DNA polymerase chain reaction test in our molecular Laboratory. Subjects, Materials and Methods: Dried Blood Spots for HIV DNA results from 5 states between 2009 and 2020 were analyzed in the PCR laboratory of the Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe. Results: Nine thousand eight hundred and twenty-three Human Immunodeficiency Virus Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase Chain Reaction results were analysed;4937 (50.2%) were males. During the study period, there was an overall declining trend in the mother-to-child transmission rate from 3.8% in 2009 to 1.0% in 2020. 6120 (62.3%) of HIV + mothers received Highly active antiretroviral therapy HAART before pregnancy. 7845 (76.2%) of the infants received Nevirapine prophylaxis. Dried blood spot samples were collected from 4077 (41.5%) at 6 - 8 weeks. 8438 (85.9%) received cotrimoxazole. 9469 (96.4%) were ever breastfed. Of the 9823 HIV DNA PCR results, 255 (2.6%) were positive while 69/4077 (1.7%) and 109/2662 (4.1%) were positive for HIV DNA at 6 - 8 weeks and > 12 weeks respectively. (p = 0.001). 86/747 (11.5%) of infants whose HIV-positive mothers received no ARVS were HIV DNA positive. (p = 0.001). 106/884 (12.0%) of infants who had no Antiretroviral prophylaxis had positive HIV DNA results;7/413 (1.7%) with Zidovudine/Nevirapine prophylaxis had positive results. (p = 0.001). 246/9469 (2.6%) of infants that were ever breastfed were positive for HIV DNA;11/354 (3.0%) that never breastfed had positive HIV DNA. Conclusion: Lack of maternal/infant ARVs and prolonged breastfeeding increased the risk of infant HIV infection.
文摘Theoretical analysis of the DNA dynamics reveals that interaction between the single solitons and plane wave implies Smale-horseshoe chaos in the double helices. Solutions of the chaotic solitons are derived from a direct perturbation technique. It is demonstrated that to produce the bounded chaotic solitons, velocities of the solit ons nust be the same and equal to propagation velocity of the plane wave in DNA. The result shows that the DNA structure may be destroyed by the long action of an electromagnetic wave. It also supplies a useful method for controlling the velocities and unboundedness of the DNA motion in a tumour cell by using a plane wave.
文摘目的:分析不同保存温度及溶血、脂血血液标本对乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)检测结果的影响。方法:选取2021年1-12月甘肃省肿瘤医院检验科的84份脂血血液标本、127份溶血血液标本及46份性状正常的血液标本分别作为脂血组、溶血组及对照组。检测对照组不同保存温度不同保存时间HBV DNA Ct值。检测脂血组及对照组标本中的HBV DNA Ct值。检测溶血组及对照组所有血液标本HBV DNA Ct值。比较对照组不同保存温度下4 h、24 h、48 h、72 h及1周的HBV DNA Ct值。比较对照组及脂血组的HBV DNA Ct值及HBV DNA检出率。比较对照组及溶血组的HBV DNA Ct值及HBV DNA检出率。结果:25℃下保存1周HBV DNA Ct值高于25℃下保存4 h、24 h、48 h、72 h,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);37℃下保存72 h、1周HBV DNA Ct值高于37℃下保存4 h、24 h、48 h,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);37℃下保存48 h HBV DNA Ct值高于37℃下保存4 h、24 h,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。-30℃下保存48 h、72 h HBV DNA Ct值低于37℃下保存48 h、72 h,保存1周HBV DNA Ct值低于25℃、37℃下保存1周,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);4℃、25℃下保存72 h、1周HBV DNA Ct值低于37℃下保存72 h、1周,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2 mmol/L<甘油三酯(TG)<4 mmol/L组、4 mmol/L≤TG<6 mmol/L组、TG≥6 mmol/L组及对照组HBV DNA Ct值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。20 g/L<血红蛋白(Hb)<40 g/L组、40 g/L≤Hb<80 g/L组及对照组HBV DNA检出率均高于Hb≥80 g/L组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。20 g/L<Hb<40 g/L组、40 g/L≤Hb<80 g/L组、Hb≥80 g/L组及对照组HBV DNA Ct值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在检测血液中HBV DNA时,应避免较高温度下长时间保存,同时脂血及轻中度溶血对HBV DNA检测影响较小,但重度溶血会导致HBV DNA检测假阴性结果的出现,因此对于重度溶血患者应重新抽血复检。
