A preference-based multi-objective building performance optimization method for early design stage

A large number of cases show that the multi-objective optimization method can significantly improve building performance.The method for multi-objective building performance optimization(BPO)design has achieved rapid development in recent years.However,the BPO method still needs to be improved.Specifically,weak interaction between the optimization process and the decision-making process results in low optimization efficiency,which limits the widespread application of the optimization method in early design stage.In this paper,a new interactive BPO mode is explored to strengthen the interaction between the optimization process and decisionmaking process,and a preference-based multi-objective BPO method is proposed to account for designers'decision preferences during the optimization process,making the objective more controllable,improving the optimization efficiency and ensuring the diversity of solutions.Firstly,this paper illustrates the proposed method in detail,defines the concept of performance preference,expounds the flow of the preference-based multi-objective optimization algorithm,and proposes three indicators to evaluate the algorithm,which includes convergence speed,preference satisfaction rate,and diversity measurement.Secondly,through testing and comparison,it is found that the proposed preference-based algorithm has advantages over the non-preference optimization algorithm(represented by the NSGA-II algorithm).The proposed method leads to faster convergence and higher preference satisfaction,so it is more suitable for the BPO process in the early design stage.Specially,the proposed method can achieve 100%preference satisfaction rate with only 2400 simulations,while the non-preference method can only achieve 20%preference satisfaction rate after 5800 simulations.In this paper,a preference-based multi-objective BPO method is proposed to make the optimization process closely interact with the decision-making process and make the design preferences be accounted during the BPO process,thereby improving the optimization efficiency.In addition,this study first proposes two indicators to measure the quality of optimization results:preference satisfaction rate and diversity measurement.This study aims to guide the development of BPO methods towards providing high satisfaction rate and high quality optimization results.

Design Concept of Drama Stage-style Architecture

Homology of drama and architecture in the early development stage decides the close relationship between both,drama stage design and architectural structural design always apply different approaches but achieve equally satisfactory results.Stage layout and structural design often use architectural symbols,and application of architectural symbols in drama is a common approach of stage art design.But the designer of Jiuzhai Paradise International Conference and Resort Center-the project won Lu Ban Award did exactly the opposite by taking drama elements such as time,figures,location and plot to the "stage" of architecture,and telling visitors a story between traditional Tibetan,Qiang culture and primitive forest life over one thousand years,he indeed created a unique classic architecture using the concept of drama stage design.

Determination AHP Analysis of the Virtual Stage-Gate Process in the Global Scale Automotive Design

In this study, it is aimed to determine the ranking importance levels of the stages to be taken into consideration for new product development on a global scale in the automotive design process. New product design activity and stage-gate process differences between local automotive firms (serial production factory and stage-gate department in Turkey) and global automotive companies (serial production factory and stage-gate department in Turkey) are examined comparatively in the research area. In the automotive industry, which has been developing for a century, the question of how the local company products operating in the last sixty years have not been able to spread globally or how to develop global products is the background question of the research. For this purpose, one on one interviews were held with the managers of 3 national and 3 international automotive companies, who worked in the same region and who had previously designed a new vehicle, with design and product development departments.?According to?the data obtained by the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) in the automotive design process, the importance of the criteria that should be taken into account for global product development has revealed. According to the results of the study, it was found that design validation stages were the most important globalization criterion in automotive design process as a new study area. In the comprehensive survey of the study, no other publication has been encountered to measure or evaluate the stages in the automotive design and new product development process in other sectors, including the vehicle industry. As in every industry sector, in the automotive industry, with the new product companies provide market development or competitive advantage. The new product is the life channel of a company and in the realization of this new vehicle;the disciplines of the automotive industry are formed by a hundred years of experience.

A Study on the Design of Task Activity in the Post- task Stage of Middle School English Classroom

The task activity in the post-task stage is mainly to enable the students clearly aware of their own language learning process in the existing problems and effectively solve them through the ＂do-it-again＂ , language focus and other activities, and at the same time the focus of this lesson, difficulties are more clear and clear. It can be said that post-task activities play a vital role in highlighting priorities, breaking through difficulties, and achieving effective goals for teaching goals. The design of the activities in the post-task stage is to complete the task and language focus together, reflecting the distinctive characteristics of task-based teaching. The design of the activities in the post-task stage can be achieved through evaluation, language focus, and extra-curricular activities.

Off-design Characteristics of IGCC System Based on Two-stage Coal-slurry Gasification Technology

整体煤气化联合循环（integrated gasification combinedcycle,IGCC）机组在一定情况下处于非设计工况运行。为了研究IGCC系统变工况特性,采用ThermoFlex软件建立基于两段式水煤浆气化技术的200 MW级整体煤气化联合循环系统模型,主要考查燃气轮机负荷、整体空分系数Xas、大气温度、大气压力对系统性能的影响。研究结果表明,降低燃气轮机负荷或者提高大气温度系统效率均呈先升高而后降低的趋势。整体空分系数Xas增加,机组发电效率降低。大气压力对系统效率影响较小。上述条件下采用两段水煤浆气化技术,系统性能可以得到有效改善。研究结果可为采用两段式水煤浆气化技术的IGCC系统的设计、运行提供参考。

混合抽蓄-风-光多能互补系统容量配置研究

混合抽蓄-风-光多能互补系统具有广阔应用前景,其容量配置需面临复杂水力水量、电力电量关系表征问题,同时其经济性评价需考虑电力市场规则。本研究提出了运行优化与容量配置决策两阶段优化思路,首先提出了适应中长期市场的月度统一电力送出模式,其次构建了混合抽蓄-风-光多能互补系统中长期运行多目标优化模型,然后基于海量容量情景模拟获取离散决策空间,最后从中优选得到最优新能源容量配置及运行方案。黄河上游清洁能源基地算例结果表明:失负荷风险接受度高、中、低分别对应新能源容量配置为混合抽蓄容量的3.2~3.9倍、2.4~3.0倍、1.6~2.1倍;系统月尺度打包并网电量峰谷比介于1.36~1.45,说明系统内各电源在中长期尺度的互补性较好。

重庆大剧院消防给水设计与问题处理对策

简单介绍了重庆大剧院的建筑概况和消防给水,说明了其消防给水系统,并总结了消防给水设计的特点。重庆大剧院的消防给水设计体现安全可靠、技术先进、经济适用、环境保护。针对重庆大剧院在舞台水灭火系统设计需要、观众厅水灭火系统的选择、室内消防给水管网的设计等主要问题进行了分析研究,并提出了处理对策和技术措施。重点分析了舞台雨淋的控制划分、台口水幕管道布置、水力报警阀前管道的优化设计。

绿色视角下的高铁站房腔体植入策略与模拟验证研究

由于体量和形式的特殊性,高铁站房的舒适度问题比一般建筑更为突出,以绿色视角审视其设计具有较大的优化潜力。近年来建筑学界对腔体的关注增多,而高铁站房方案设计中针对性地设置腔体、操作方法等方面的研究尚显不足。立足于方案设计阶段,针对空间特征与现存问题,从宏观层面上构建了对候车环境品质多重导控的腔体层级,探讨了“结构腔”、“功能腔”和“绿景腔”三类腔体的植入方式。构建典型模型并生成研究方案用于量化研究。通过性能模拟技术,验证了腔体植入对室内气流、采光质量有显著提升的效果。腔体植入策略打破了当前高铁站房固定的空间模式,为我国高铁站房的绿色创新提供参考,在实践中具有广泛的应用价值。

翻转课堂教学模式的课中教学设计研究——以牵连运动是定轴转动的加速度合成定理为例

翻转课堂教学模式是目前教学改革的重要方向之一,其核心在于将学习过程的主动权交给学生,使他们能够在课堂之外自主掌握基础知识,而课堂时间则用于更高层次的认知活动。课前学习、课中教学和课后拓展相互关联共同构成一个翻转课堂教学模式的闭环。课中教学是翻转课堂教学过程中至关重要的一环,课中教学的目标是通过互动和实践活动来巩固和深化学生的理解,以及提高他们的批判性思维和问题解决能力。在《理论力学》中,运动学部分牵连运动以定轴转动的加速度合成定理为教学案例,探索翻转课堂课中教学设计的实施途径。

一种引入过渡阶段和高斯变异的改进算术优化算法

针对算术优化算法收敛精度低、易陷入局部最优等问题,提出了一种改进的过渡高斯算术优化算法,该算法将新的非线性过渡阶段与改进的高斯变异策略相结合.首先,为了更好地从勘探阶段的高离散度策略过渡到开发阶段的低离散度策略,提出过渡阶段策略,并通过比较三种曲线实验重构数学优化加速函数.其次,引入具有算术优化算法特性的高斯变异策略和边界函数策略,加强算法跳出局部区域的能力.最后,将改进后的算术优化算法与几种著名算法进行对比,并进行不同维度的可扩展性分析,验证了所提算法的有效性.此外,该算法在压力容器设计问题中进行了测试.实验结果表明,TGAOA具有优异的收敛精度、收敛速度和鲁棒性.

一种运载火箭第一子级回收方案设计方法

针对可回收火箭的总体设计,提出了一种用于运载火箭第一子级回收方案的设计方法。首先,建立火箭子级运动模型,为便于确定回收推力大小和调节范围,在模型中引入了推力比例因子和推力调节因子。然后,探讨回收推力和推进剂剩余量的对应关系,并通过飞行时间给出剩余推进剂的约束条件。最后,从设计的角度确定回收基本过程,并通过仿真算例制定火箭子级的回收方案。所提方法详细给出了回收过程中火箭发动机的推力大小、推力调整范围、工作时间、落点位置、最大速度以及着陆段的起始速度和高度的估计。算例表明所提方法可以实现回收过程的关键参数确定。

基于Modelica的飞行器多专业统一模型研究

结合以飞行器系统为代表的现代航天产品在研制过程中面临的的挑战,针对在总体设计阶段的验证与分析需求,采用多专业统一建模语言Modelica构建了飞行器各主要系统的模型,通过模型的集成仿真,实现了飞行器系统在总体设计阶段的验证。再基于所构建的飞行器模型,进行实时代码生成,进而实现了信号级实时仿真系统,并开展了快速控制原型系统仿真。以上工作为MBSE方法在飞行器系统设计过程中进行了探索与铺垫。

农村污水改造工程造价控制措施研究

工程造价控制贯穿于建设工程项目的决策阶段、设计阶段、采购与施工阶段。项目决策和设计阶段是起决定性作用的阶段,其中项目决策阶段是控制工程造价的最前期阶段,控制造价的可能性最大。农村人口居住相对分散,建设污水管网投资较大,设计阶段方案的比选优化对控制工程造价尤为重要。本文旨在通过实际项目案例,分析主要控制因素,提出农村污水改造工程造价控制措施,为同类项目工程造价控制提供参考。

基于日照时数分析的地下交通枢纽顶部开口研究

发展地下交通系统成为解决城市化进程中交通拥挤、土地紧张等问题的重要应对措施。地下交通枢纽空间的顶部开口可以缓解地下空间的采光与通风需求,但因此会使地下空间接受较多的太阳辐射量,导致夏季热不适。分析不同顶部开口设计对地下空间的热环境状况影响可以辅助设计人员优化方案,减少建筑能耗。本研究提出一种基于日照时数的热环境评价方法。该方法借助日照模拟分析软件定性与定量分析研究空间的太阳照射时数分布情况,同时基于权重分析法考虑了不同时刻太阳辐射强度变化的影响。在此基础上采取控制变量法讨论开口率、开口数量、开口深度和日照时数之间的关系,确定使地下空间热环境良好的开口设计形态。此外,选取广州市某综合交通枢纽设计项目作为案例研究,详细展示了如何利用所提出的方法评价分析不同顶部开口设计方案的太阳照射时数分布情况。将所总结的方法应用于设计实践中,使其在方案设计阶段确定有利于地下空间热环境效应的开口设计,为后续阶段的热环境优化奠定良好的基础。

基于阶段模块化体系的设计初步课程混合教学模式改革实践

设计初步课程是环境设计专业的核心基础课。为解决设计初步课程与教学改革中存在的重点问题,该文提出基于项目式教学的阶段模块化混合教学模式。首先分析教学目标,针对专业基础课提出“以学生为中心,重点培养学生高阶思维和综合能力”的理念,以解决教学重点问题为目标,从教学设计、课程内容方面进行改革,融合线上线下教学,融入课程思政建设,形成具有学习产出一体化的课程体系。

锂离子电池设计阶段的质量管理

在实现“双碳”目标的进程中,锂离子电池作为绿色能源,发展势头强劲。同时,锂离子电池的质量也备受关注。本文结合质量管理理论和锂离子电池开发实践,对锂离子电池开发中关键的设计阶段的质量管理展开论述。阐明了设计阶段质量管理的意义,重点探讨锂离子电池设计阶段的目标、方案、进度和风险的质量管理,期望为提升锂离子电池全生命周期的可靠性提供借鉴。

组合动力飞行器吸气段轨迹设计方法研究

水平起降组合动力可重复使用运载器是未来航天运输系统的重要发展方向。针对采用空气预冷涡轮火箭发动机的组合动力飞行器在吸气爬升段受多约束条件限制、动力与质量特性变化大的特点,提出了一种基于动压高度剖面的轨迹设计方法。通过推导基于高度的质点运动学方程,得到轨迹参数解算流程,并结合动压、迎角与法向过载的约束边界以及任务窗口确定动压高度剖面形状,从而得到满足要求的吸气段标称轨迹。在此基础上,设计了标称轨迹高度跟踪制导律。仿真结果表明,标称轨迹在吸气段多种不确定性偏差的影响下满足多约束要求,具有较强的鲁棒性。

新型动力设备隔振减震器力学性能研究

隔振器可有效降低动力设备工作产生的高频振动,但低频地震下设备隔振器位移响应较大。将碟形弹簧和环形摩擦套筒分别作为竖向隔振和耗能单元,竖向耗能单元内设置振动间隙实现正常使用隔振和地震时减震的两阶段机制,形成一种新型动力设备隔振减震器。基于理论分析给出了隔振减震器的设计流程,并进行了算例设计,采用ABAQUS软件进行了隔振减震器的静力性能分析和动力设备整体系统的动力性能分析。结果表明:提出的隔振减震器及其系统的数值模拟与理论计算结果吻合较好;设计算例实现了设备正常工作时仅隔振、地震作用下耗能单元启动的两阶段隔振减震机制;竖向耗能单元使得设备竖向地震位移响应减小超过50%,水平向耗能单元使隔振减震器水平地震剪力减小超过80%,降低了隔振减震器地震倾覆和破坏的风险。

基于BIM技术的绿色建筑全生命周期研究

BIM技术是一种基于3D模型的设计和管理方法,它可以实现建筑的全生命周期管理。在绿色建筑全生命周期中,BIM技术可以提供精确的建筑信息,帮助设计师和管理者做出更科学的决策,从而降低能耗,减少环境污染,提高建筑的使用效率。本文将详细介绍如何利用BIM技术实施绿色建筑规划与设计阶段、施工与建造阶段、运营与维护阶段及拆除与回收阶段全生命周期的管理。

数字技术在戏剧服装与舞台设计的应用研究

随着数字技术的飞速发展,数字技术在戏剧表演和艺术设计等领域的应用越来越广泛,同时数字技术也为戏剧服装与舞台设计的创新提供了新的思路和方法,不仅为戏剧艺术的表现形式带来了新的可能,而且也为观众带来了全新的视觉体验。基于此,本文在分析数字技术对现代戏剧服装与舞台设计影响的基础上,探索数字技术在戏剧服装与舞台设计的应用策略,旨在进一步挖掘数字技术的潜力,为戏剧服装与舞台设计的创新与发展提供有益的参考和借鉴。