Design framework for robotic surgery wards at hospitals:Computational implementation

Robotic surgery is one of the most recent technologies in healthcare building field.Due to the design complexity of Robotic surgery wards,computational implementations are being developed to either measure the effect of inserting advanced technologies as Electronic medical recorders and tele surgery,or evaluate design alternatives on healthcare building.This paper presents a design framework that responds to the need for coordinating design phases for Robotic Surgery Wards(RSWs)computationally.This proposed design framework for RSWs can generate functional RSW alternatives and more than one solution for each alternative.The framework has been structured based on the main architectural considerations of RSWs which are geom etric and topological,the economic considerations,specific developed pools for shape and corridor patterns,and the theory of,fShape Grammars"has been utilized to compute the framework to generate a vast number of design alternatives.Accordingly,a computational implementation has been established to assist designers in early design stages.Numerical validation for the applications of the developed framework and implementation has been conducted by using reference examples of RSWs.The main finding in this paper is providing healthcare building designers with a computational implementation that generates RSW alternative computationally based on specific shape and cost levels.

整体性教学设计:多元模式解析与建构

“整体性教学设计”是教学设计世纪转型中出现的一种思潮,也就是在整体论框架下考察“教学设计”。其特点是以整体任务为依托,指向现实生活和职业领域中的综合能力培养的有序教学设计,达到帮助学习者运用综合能去解决实际生活或工作中遇到的问题。该文从问题设计、解决方法和设计过程等方面来解读当代国际四种整体性教学设计——综合学习设计模式、首要教学原理、认知学徒模式、基于目标场景模式的共通基础。我们希望从代表性的模式和理论中汲取基础的处方性要素,提出自己的整体性教学设计模式框架。

Software Frameworks, Architectural and Design Patterns

Software systems can be among the most complex constructions in engineering disciplines and can span into years of development. Most software systems though implement in part what has already been built and tend to follow known or nearly known architectures. Although most software systems are not of the size of say Microsoft Windows 8, complexity of software development can be quick to increase. Thus among these methods that are the most important is the use of architectural and design patterns and software frameworks. Patterns provide known solutions to re-occurring problems that developers are facing. By using well-known patterns reusable components can be built in frameworks.Software frameworks provide developers with powerful tools to develop more flexible and less error-prone applications in a more effective way. Software frameworks often help expedite the development process by providing necessary functionality “out of the box”.?Providing frameworks for reusability and separation of concerns is key to software development today. In this study I take a look at the state of art and the impact of frameworks and patterns in software development.

Using a Task-based Teaching Framework in Lesson Designing

Task-basedteachingandlearningis becoming more and more popularin China now,andthe aimof taskis to create a real purpose for language use and provide a natural context for language study· This article introduces what a task-based teaching frameworkis and the three phases of pre-task, while-task and post-task,combined withsomethoughts about howwe shouldconvertthosetasksinto actual classroomactivities while using the task-based teaching framework in designing the lessons and howthe teacher and students participate inthe lessons·

Logical Framework,Path Selection and Mechanism Design for Cultivation of New Type Professional Farmers

New type professional farmers are farmers who possess certain resources and capitals,have certain extent of spirit of entrepreneurship,and are fully capable of obtaining and allocating resources related to agricultural production and management,and engaged in agricultural production and management for obtaining average profit.Cultivation of new type professional farmers should be promoted in the process and at the background of"coordinated development of industrialization,informationization,urbanization and agricultural modernization".It should establish a proper cultivation subject system consisting of government,enterprises,rural communities and nonprofit organizations.Relying on multiple motive forces,efforts should be concentrated on cultivating those farmers with enterprising,highly innovative and learning ability,to guide traditional farmers to change into learning,enterprising and innovative ones.In addition,cultivation of new type professional farmers must rely on farmer education and training,modern agricultural development,increase in agricultural comparative advantage,innovation of rural management system and mechanism,multiple types of agricultural operation on a fairly large scale,as well as construction and regulation of new rural communities.Finally,it is recommended to provide system guarantee from long-term input mechanism of new type professional farmer education and training,incentive and restrictive mechanism of new type professional farmer cultivation,and construction of favorable environment for agricultural entrepreneurship.

高职设计人才数字素养框架模型与课程改革实践

数字素养是数字时代高级技术技能人才必备能力之一。高职生数字素养将与未来生活、学习和工作密切相关。基于全球数字素养框架能力条目和设计人才培养具体要求的共通性,探索设计学科的跨学科特性与数字素养教育的结合。尝试建立高职设计人才的数字素养培育目标体系,改革数字素养融入设计人才培养各阶段的课程体系,建议数字素养培育生态体系。设计专业课程的改革实践为高等技能人才在专业背景下如何提升数字素养提供了实践方向。

Framework for a System of Systems Design Oriented to Evolution

A framework was proposed for designing a system of systems(SoS) that takes account of the system' s evolution over time.Given the design space of the SoS analysis,construct a multiepoch scenario design,SoS optimization,and robust designs.A hybrid model based on multi-agent and system dynamic models was used to analyze the evolution of an SoS and find robust designs.The framework can help decision makers generate a robust SoS structure based on the SoS' s capabilities over multiple epochs.

生成式AI时代大学生智能学习助手:框架、挑战与应对

生成式AI时代人工智能技术的快速发展,为大学生智能学习助手的产生和发展提供了坚实的技术支撑。研究以联通主义学习教学交互与认知参与模型为指导,针对生成式AI时代大学生智能学习助手的设计框架、现实挑战与建设进路展开。研究发现,生成式AI时代大学生智能学习助手的设计框架包括三大功能:作为知识获取的智慧平台,为学习者提供友好的学习交互体验的基础功能;作为知识交流的智能座舱,支持学习者的深度学习和研究活动的进阶功能;作为知识生产的创新引擎,促进学生全面持续性发展的高级功能。生成式AI时代大学生智能学习助手的现实挑战包括技术内容可靠性困境、互动与创生困难以及数据的伦理难题。为此,研究提出了大学生智能学习助手的建设进路:一是整合多元资源,提升智能学习助手的问答准确性;二是提升智能素养,促进师生与智能学习助手良性互动;三是完善政策标准,保障智能学习助手的顺利运行。

城市一刻钟便民生活圈智能化信息服务设计与实践

本文设计了城市一刻钟便民生活圈智能化信息服务的方案。针对目前便民生活圈信息化建设中存在的问题,对总体框架、信息建设标准、信息采集平台、信息表达方法、信息应用模型等方面进行了深入研究和重点设计,并以上海市普陀区曹杨新村街道为例进行了论证性实践。本文提升了城市一刻钟便民生活圈智能化信息建设的数据处理能力、技术能力和管理能力,为推进全国范围内一刻钟便民生活圈建设奠定基础。

牵引供电数字孪生系统框架设计及典型应用

数字孪生是一种将物理实体与数字模型深度融合的新兴产业技术,受到国内外铁路行业广泛关注。基于数字孪生的概念和发展现状,提出牵引供电数字孪生系统的框架设计和关键技术需求。针对基于数字孪生的牵引变压器状态监测及性能预测、牵引开关柜温度监测、系统故障检测与处理等典型应用,探讨数字孪生技术在铁路牵引供电系统领域的应用前景。结果表明,通过数字孪生技术的应用,可实现对设备运行状态的全面监测和优化,提升牵引供电系统的性能及可靠性。

我国博物馆与中小学教育结合的制度设计之理论框架构建

新千年后,我国博物馆事业大发展,并带动了馆校合作、文教结合工作的进步。自2007年起,“教育”被国际业界确定为博物馆的首要目的和功能。外加2008年始,我国施行博物馆减免费开放政策。在此背景下,中小学利用博物馆开展学习活动的机制正在逐步形成,当然整体尚处于初级发展阶段,亟需制度推动。值得一提的是,博物馆与中小学教育结合事业并不简单地等同于馆校合作,不局限于馆和校,而是覆盖了政府、学校、博物馆、家庭、社区等的系统工程。它以政府为“主导”,以博物馆、中小学为“主体”,并尤以场馆的积极“主动”为先。在此背景下构建的制度设计之理论框架,分为三大层级(顶层、中层、底层设计),且致力于用一系列事实和数据为理论和实践提供智力支持。

虚拟科学探究学习:内涵、价值与实施框架

虚拟科学探究学习作为一种虚拟实验环境与科学探究活动有效融合的新型学习形式,在培养学习者科学素养方面具有重要作用。但目前缺乏对虚拟科学探究学习的概念、价值和实施方式等问题的深入探索和准确认识,这阻碍了其在实践中的有效应用和价值发挥。虚拟科学探究学习的本质是以学习者的自主探究实践为中心,通过创设虚实融合的学习环境,设计探究性的学习活动,提供适应性的过程支持等,促进学习者的科学观察具象化、探究过程有序性、知识获取整合性和能力发展迁移性。设计虚拟科学探究学习活动,应坚持以探究式教学理念为引领、以交互式学习环境为支撑、以过程性学习评价为助力、以智能化学习干预为保障的设计原则,构建以数智技术为底座,融合环境、活动和过程要素,支持学习者开展虚拟环境下交互式科学探究活动的实施框架,实现科学核心素养的培养目标。未来研究应在强基固本、育人为先、精准赋能和人机协同等方面加强理论和实践探索,为我国高质量虚拟科学探究学习的有效开展提供有益参考。

空间站大规模复杂控制软件基于数据池的软件框架设计

针对复杂航天任务中控制软件不断增长的规模和复杂度带来的问题,对国外先进航天航空机构软件架构设计经验和最佳实践进行了调研,基于此对空间站大规模复杂航天器控制软件的通用框架设计进行研究,提出了一种基于数据池的软件框架设计方法,解决了空间站大规模复杂控制软件多舱段多机多总线资源管理和可扩展性的难题,实现了软件复杂的底层通信与上层应用处理之间的数据隔离和解耦,有效提高了软件复用率和可扩展能力。

“高效办成一件事”的系统内涵、实施逻辑与能力体系

“高效办成一件事”是对“一件事一次办”“一网通办”“跨省通办”等综合政务类政策的集成与升级,其实质是加快实现从“事能办”到“事好办”的转变,其关键在于区县层级政务部门的有效落实。为此,本文立足基层典型的经验反思,着眼“高效办成一件事”的实践推进,从学理层面初步提出其系统内涵、实施逻辑与能力体系。系统内涵:结合物理-事理-人理系统方法论思想,认为“高效办成一件事”相应指向“事项”“办理”“体验”三个维度,且贯序统一于“事好办”。实施逻辑:包括事项维度的生命周期与颗粒度逻辑,办理维度的时间与空间逻辑,以及体验维度的服务设计逻辑。能力体系:涵盖环境认知、理念调适与组织变革,服务支撑、服务运行与服务创新,多方合作与知识提升共三个层次的八项能力,同时其与所处的服务生态共生互促。最后,归纳得到“三维度、五逻辑、八能力”的政务服务框架模型,以期对“高效办成一件事”的实践有所助益。

Developing an Abstraction Framework for Managing and Controlling Saudi Banks’ Cybersecurity Threats Based on the NIST Cybersecurity Framework and ISO/IEC 27001

Saudi Arabian banks are deeply concerned about how to effectively monitor and control security threats. In recent years, the country has taken several steps towards restructuring its organizational security and, consequently, protecting financial institutions and their clients. However, there are still several challenges left to be addressed. Accordingly, this article aims to address this problem by proposing an abstract framework based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework and International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC 27001). The framework proposed in this paper considers the following factors involved in the security policy of Saudi banks: safety, Saudi information bank, operations and security of Saudi banks, Saudi banks’ supplier relationships, risk assessment, risk mitigation, monitoring and detection, incident response, Saudi banks’ business continuity, compliance, education, and awareness about all factors contributing to the framework implementation. This way, the proposed framework provides a comprehensive, unified approach to managing bank security threats. Not only does the proposed framework provide effective guidance on how to identify, assess, and mitigate security threats, but it also instructs how to develop policy and procedure documents relating to security issues.

面向构网逆变器的虚拟振荡器控制技术:统一设计框架与关键问题探讨

虚拟振荡器控制是近年来新兴的逆变器构网型控制方式,相较于下垂控制、虚拟同步发电机控制等现有构网型控制而言,其在动态响应速度与大扰动稳定性等方面具有优势。首先基于已有研究介绍了虚拟振荡器控制的基本原理及现有类型,接着针对虚拟振荡器设计目前缺乏普适性的问题提出了虚拟振荡器控制的统一设计框架及详细设计步骤,并以自行设计的两类虚拟振荡器为例,通过时域仿真验证了所提设计框架的可行性;最后从功率调度能力、抗扰动稳定运行能力以及实际应用能力3方面针对目前限制虚拟振荡器控制技术发展的关键问题进行了梳理与探讨,并给出了解决思路与未来的研究方向。

基于活动理论的社区参与式设计研究——以大鱼社区营造发展中心为例

在社会原子化背景下,社区参与式设计被视作设计学科介入社会问题的有效途径,但当下相关研究主要关注对参与式设计和共创工具的本土化运用,缺少对社区参与活动的进一步剖析和策略创新。运用文献研究、跨学科研究,引入活动理论以探讨社区参与活动的内涵、问题与挑战。同时从活动视角分析大鱼营造案例,总结工具、空间和制度等维度下的社区参与式设计方法。构建了基于活动理论的社区参与式设计框架(Activity Theory-based Model of Community Design,ATMCD),从社区符号、参与机制和参与基础设施三方面提出对应的社区设计策略。基于活动理论的社区设计框架(ATMCD)和策略能够为我国社区设计和基层治理提供理论指导和方法支持。但对社区运营模式创新、社区参与工具包开发、居民参与能力建设、社区设计项目评估的研究有待进一步完善。

南京地铁数字化转型探索与实践

[目的]数字化转型已成为城市轨道交通企业由高速增长向高质量发展转变的必然趋势,因此需研究企业数字化转型的顶层设计、路径选择和实施策略。[方法]以南京地铁数字化转型实践为例,介绍了数字化规划顶层设计的步骤、工作内容、主要使用的方法和工具;分别从数字化底座层、数字化应用层、数字化服务层、安全防护体系、IT治理与管理体系5个层面阐述了南京地铁数字化转型总体架构及应用方案;介绍了南京地铁数字化转型实施策略。[结果及结论]南京地铁数字化转型以“客户为中心”,聚焦面向乘客幸福出行服务、面向决策者和管理者数智决策服务、面向员工的数字化协作服务等数字化应用场景,从顶层设计数字化转型总体架构及应用方案;通过制定科学、可行的实施路径,推动南京地铁向“数字化、网络化、智能化、智慧化”高质量发展。

基于SSH轻量级框架的教学信息加密存储系统设计

由于传统的教学信息存储方式存在数据泄露、数据损坏等安全隐患,设计基于SSH轻量级框架的教学信息加密存储系统。采用J2EE轻量级开发框架SSH作为教学信息加密存储系统的架构。采用区块链技术加密处理教学信息,通过基于N+i模式的编码冗余存储机制将教学信息分块存储在区块链节点上,完成教学信息加密存储。测试结果表明,该系统在恶意攻击干扰下加密存储教学信息的成功率高达96.1%,可以保障信息的完整性与安全性。

软件复用与Framework框架技术

讲述了软件复用的基本概念和关键技术因素,分析了框架技术的基本概念以及常见的框架系统,并将框架同构件、设计模式进行了比较,最后给出了基于面向对象框架的软件开发过程模型。