Construction of Split-Plot Designs with General Minimum Lower Order Confounding

Fractional factorial split-plot design has been widely used in many fields due to its advantage of saving experimental cost. The general minimum lower order confounding criterion is usually used as one of the attractive design criterion for selecting fractional factorial split-plot design. In this paper, we are interested in the theoretical construction methods of the optimal fractional factorial split-plot designs under the general minimum lower order confounding criterion. We present the theoretical construction methods of optimal fractional factorial split-plot designs under general minimum lower order confounding criterion under several conditions.

Breeding design in wheat by combining the QTL information in a GWAS panel with a general genetic map and computer simulation

A large amount of genome-wide association study(GWAS)panels together with quantitative-trait locus(QTL)information associated with breeding-targeted traits have been described in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).However,the application of mapping results from a GWAS panel to conventional wheat breeding remains a challenge.In this study,we first report a general genetic map which was constructed from 44 published linkage maps.It permits the estimation of genetic distances between any two genetic loci with physical map positions,thereby unifying the linkage relationships between QTL,genes,and genomic markers from multiple genetic populations.Second,we describe QTL mapping in a wheat GWAS panel of 688 accessions,identifying 77 QTL associated with 12 yield and grain-quality traits.Because these QTL have known physical map positions,they could be mapped onto the general map.Finally,we present a design approach to wheat breeding by using known QTL information and computer simulation.Potential crosses between parents in the GWAS panel may be evaluated by the relative frequency of the target genotype,trait correlations in simulated progeny populations,and genetic gain of selected progenies.It is possible to simultaneously improve yield and grain quality by suitable parental selection,progeny population size,and progeny selection scheme.Applying the design approach will allow identifying the most promising crosses and selection schemes in advance of the field experiment,increasing predictability and efficiency in wheat breeding.

Application and Analysis of Quota Design in EPC General Contract Project

EPC general contract project includes design, procurement, construction and other links. The quota design in the design link is the first procedure of EPC general contract project. It is a major measure of cost control in the design stage, and also the key to control investment and determine the success or failure of the whole project, playing a crucial role in the whole project. By analyzing the role of quota design in EPC general contract project and related control means and determining the target value from the quota design, the design is constantly improved and optimized in each stage to avoid investment risks and misunderstandings, and the effectiveness of quota design in the whole EPC general contract project is effectively improved to increase its internal application value and comprehensively improve the level of project investment control and management, thereby consolidating the core competitiveness of EPC general contract project in the whole market competition.

Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of A Human Occupied Vehicle Based on Bi-Level Integrated System Collaborative Optimization

The design of Human Occupied Vehicle （HOV） is a typical multidisciplinary problem, but heavily dependent on the experience of naval architects at present engineering design. In order to relieve the experience dependence and improve the design, a new Multidisciplinary Design Optimization （MDO） method ＂Bi-Level Integrated System Collaborative Optimization （BLISCO）＂ is applied to the conceptual design of an HOV, which consists of hull module, resistance module, energy module, structure module, weight module, and the stability module. This design problem is defined by 21 design variables and 23 constraints, and its objective is to maximize the ratio of payload to weight. The results show that the general performance of the HOV can be greatly improved by BLISCO.

An Ui Design Optimization Strategy for General App in Big Data Environment

Due to the huge amount of increasing data, the requirements of people forelectronic products such as mobile phones, tablets, and notebooks are constantlyimproving. The development and design of various software applications attach greatimportance to users’ experiences. The rationalized UI design should allow a user not onlyenjoy the visual design experience of the new product but also operating it morepleasingly. This process is to enhance the attractiveness and performance of the newproduct and thus to promote the active usage and consuming conduct of users. In thispaper, an UI design optimization strategy for general APP in the big data environment isproposed to get better user experience while effectively obtaining information. Anexperimental example of a library APP is designed to optimize the user experience. Theexperimental results show that the user-centered UI design is the core of optimization,and user portrait based on big data platforms is the key to UI design.

Some Views on the Contribution of Design Theory to Engineering Education

This paper aims at presenting the organisation,the findings and the lessons learnt of a design casestudy workshop organized in the context of UB1-HIT joint master programme.After presenting the content and the evolution of this workshop over the years,findings and lessons learnt are discussed and final conclusions and perspectives are being proposed at the end of the paper.

Research on the Applications of Big Data on Artistic Designing and Its Infl uences on the Design Behavior

In this paper, we conduct research on the applications of big data on artistic designing and its infl uences on the design behavior. Modern art design enhance the grade of the product, increase the added value of products, promote the development of the economy, make the product of the aesthetic value and economic value of the perfect unity. In today’s society due to the value of the product are much more than the product itself contains the value of performance, usage, etc. is more of a product in gradually improve the aesthetic value, sometimes even more than the use of the product value and exchange value, therefore the product has become the dominant value. Under this basis, we propose the new idea on the design pattern that will be meaningful.

The Three Levels of Education in Site Design Course of Architecture

“Professional Guiding Standards for Advanced Education Architecture in University Undergraduate Students”(2013 edition)indicates that the education system of architecture should include a section on“environment and site.”It should involve six learning components which are concepts of site and environment,site terrain classifications,environment of two tendencies,elements involved in the sites,elements of environmental impact,and site design.[1]As site design(drawing)has become a significant topic in the examination of registered architects,many domestic architecture colleges have set up site design courses as independent ones.After more than ten years of exploration and research in developing the education system of site design courses,teaching experiences and achievements have been acquired.Site design courses have been gradually integrated with general plan design,registered architect examination,and architectural programming.Teachers have specified relevant learning goals in the regular daily curriculum in addition to the basic and vocational education of architecture.In this way,the site design course would be more in line with the educational goals of architecture.This paper aims to analyze the education of site design courses in hope of developing the future architectural education.

Future of the current anticoronaviral agents: A viewpoint on thevalidation for the next COVIDs and pandemics

Despite the global decline in the severity of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, the disease stillrepresents a major concern to the relevant scientific and medical communities. The primary concern of drug scientists,virologists, and other concerned specialists in this respect is to find ready-to-use suitable and potent anticoronaviraltherapies that are broadly effective against the different species/strains of the coronaviruses in general, not only againstthe current and previous coronaviruses (e.g., the recently-appeared severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2“SARS-CoV-2”), i.e., effective antiviral agents for treatment and/or prophylaxis of any coronaviral infections, includingthose of the coming ones from the next species and strains (if any). As an expert in this field, I tried, in this up-to-dateperspective “viewpoint” article, to evaluate the suitability and applicability of using the currently-availableanticoronaviral agents for the next coronavirus diseases (COVIDs) and coronaviral pandemics, highlighting the mostimportant general guidelines that should be considered in the next pandemics from the therapeutic points of view.

APPLICATION OF GENERAL SYSTEM CAD ON ENGINES

Using modern design theory and methods comprehensively, this paper investigates a model of parameterization of engine general plan design (PEGPD). On the basis of engineering database, parametric drawing of longitudinal and cross section of engine can be obtained from this mode. The model is significant for improving the efficiency and quality of engine general system design. (Author abstract) 6 Refs.

A General Simulation Method for Complex Deformation of Irregular-Shaped Origami Configurations

Most existing treatments for origami-folding simulations have focused on regular-shaped configurations.This article aims to introduce a general strategy for simulating and analyzing the deformation process of irregular shapes by means of computational capabilities nowadays.To better simulate origami deformation with folding orders,the concept of plane follow-up is introduced to achieve automated computer simulation of complex folding patterns,thereby avoiding intersection and penetration between planes.Based on the evaluation criteria such as the lowest storage energy with tightening and the fastest pace from tightening to unfolding,the optimal crease distribution patterns for four irregular(‘N’-,‘T’-,‘O’-,and‘P’-shaped)origami configurations are then presented under five candidates.When the dimensions of the origami are fixed,it is discovered that simpler folding patterns lead to faster deformation of the origami configuration.When the folding complexity is fixed,higher strain energy results in more rapid origami expansion.

Making Sense of Interdisciplinary General Education Curriculum Design: Case Study of Common Core Curriculum at the University of Hong Kong

Purpose:This research is an interview-based study that captures the academics’perspectives toward the planning and design of an interdisciplinary General Education Curriculum for undergraduate students in the Chinese context,using the Common Core Curriculum at the University of Hong Kong as a case study.Design/Approach/Methods:A total of 28 academics with various levels of academic ranking,disciplinary context,proven teaching excellence,and research productivities were individually invited for and consented to a semi-structured and face-to-face interview.Findings:This article suggests four fundamental and interrelated dimensions for consideration when structuring an interdisciplinary General Education Curriculum,namely,how to design,what is worth learning,how to learn and teach,and how to know students have learned.It is suggested that the ideal curriculum should remain coherent and coordinated,broad and balanced,as well as open and flexible,ensuring the capture of knowledge,skills,and attitudes,with the facilitation of active,authentic,and contextualized pedagogies and assessments.Originality/Value:This article has the potential of providing insight for policymakers and educators around the world to better structure an interdisciplinary General Education Curriculum by creating an overall springboard for future discussion.They can also integrate these evidence-based elements and strategies into their everyday practices.

Evaluation of the effect of geometrical parameters on stope probability of failure in the open stoping method using numerical modeling

Stress-induced failure is among the most common causes of instability in Canadian deep underground mines.Open stoping is the most widely practiced underground excavation method in these mines,and creates large stopes which are subjected to stress-induced failure.The probability of failure(POF)depends on many factors,of which the geometry of an open stope is especially important.In this study,a methodology is proposed to assess the effect of stope geometrical parameters on the POF,using numerical modelling.Different ranges for each input parameter are defined according to previous surveys on open stope geometry in a number of Canadian underground mines.A Monte-Carlo simulation technique is combined with the finite difference code FLAC3D,to generate model realizations containing stopes with different geometrical features.The probability of failure(POF)for different categories of stope geometry,is calculated by considering two modes of failure;relaxation-related gravity driven(tensile)failure and rock mass brittle failure.The individual and interactive effects of stope geometrical parameters on the POF,are analyzed using a general multi-level factorial design.Finally,mathematical optimization techniques are employed to estimate the most stable stope conditions,by determining the optimal ranges for each stope’s geometrical parameter.

Psychotic due to bath salts and methamphetamines:emergency cesarean section under general anesthesia

The use of ＂bath salts＂ or other new psychoactive substances,otherwise known as ＂legal highs＂,is increasing.Illicit drug use during pregnancy is not uncommon.Nevertheless,literature reporting bath salts and their effect on pregnancy is scant.Besides,there seems to be no literature about bath salts and conduct of general anesthesia.This case report describes a general anesthetic for the surgical delivery of an infant to a woman under the acute influence of bath salts and methamphetamines.

Marker-assisted Selection of ZmC_4Ppc in Rice Breeding and Yield Trait Performances of Advanced Lines

The full-length of intact Zea mays gene for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene （ZmC4Ppc） is 6 781 bp. The products of PCR for this gene were not clear with poor repeatability, resulting in that it was difficult for marker-assisted selection （MAS） both in rice and maize. For selecting the markers for MAS, sequences presented only in maize rather than in rice were identified by BLAST, and used for primer design using Primer Premier 5.0. A pair of specific primer termed MRpc （Forward： 5＇ AAGCAGGGAAGCGAGACG 3＇, Reverse： 5＇ GATTGCCGCCAGCAGTAG 3＇） was used for selection of transformed rice, and ZmC4Ppc could be highly and constitutively expressed at each tested developmental stages in the transformed rice selected by using MRpc. Thus, MRpc was used for MAS of progenies carrying ZmC4Ppc gene in rice and some restorer lines with ZmC4Ppc （e.g. FPM881） derived from ZmC4Ppc-transformed Kitaake backcrossed with a restorer line Shuhui 881 were obtained. The analyses on genetic background, PEPCase activity, net photosynthetic rate, general combining ability （GCA） and specific combining ability （SCA） of FPM881 showed that similarity of genetic background reached above 95%, the PEPCase and net photosynthetic rate were higher than those of the control, and some of the progenies carrying ZmC4Ppc gene had better GCA and SCA for grain yield per plant, number of panicles per plant, and 1000-grain weight than those of the control. This suggested that the introduction of maize ZmC4Ppc gene via MAS and its stable expression could increase grain yield of rice and would likely provide a pathway for rice varietal improvement.

Adhere to the direction of detailization in CC technology and equipment

Since the excessive capacity in steelmaking and continuous casting at present,and the limited development margin of CC technology and equipment in scale,the further development must be made in a profound and detailized way.This paper enumerates the items of CC technology and equipment,which need to be detailized from several aspects such as roll arrangement design,equipment design and production operation,and it points out that detailization is the future direction of CC technology and equipment.The items in roll arrangement design include eliminating periodic meniscus fluctuation by adjusting space between rolls reasonably;taking special measures to avoid dangerous regions of casting speed,in order to reduce the center porosity and centerline crack of slab;optimizing the major radius and the length of outer arc of caster before straightening point to avoid dangerous region of casting speed.The items in equipment design include choosing a suitable structure of support and guiding roll according to the concrete conditions of caster;according to bulging shape of slab,thinking more about restriction of shell to bulging force, discussing the force on rollers,optimizing split roll to support slab;safety factor should be considered together with calculation method of the bearing nominal static load.The items in aspects of continuous casting operation include the delicacy division and the function-positioning of operation modes for CC machine due to the consideration of dynamic soft reduction;monitoring and controlling system of CC machine must be further detailized to improve the stability of production operation and slab quality.In addition to the three aspects mentioned above,this article points out many other items also,such as homogenization of secondary cooling of slab,quality control of surface and internal of slab,and so on.This article emphasizes,some key technologies need to be researched also,and all these researches will never stop.

General optimal design of solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle for priority considering propulsion system

This paper describes the general optimization design method of Solar-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle which priority considering propulsion system planning. Based on the traditional solar powered aircraft design method, the propulsion system top-level target parameters which affect the path planning are integrated into the general optimization design. According to the typical mission requirements of Solar-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, considering the design variables such as wing area, aspect ratio, design mission date and so on, the general optimization is carried out with the minimum aircraft weight as the optimization objective. The influence of wing area and aspect ratio on the optimal design results is analyzed and compared with the traditional design method. The results show that the general design method of Solar-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for priority considering propulsion system can greatly reduce the electricity demand of energy storage battery, greatly reduce the aircraft weight of Solar-Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle.

General theory and design of microperforated-panel absorbers

A general theory of microperforated-panel absorbers is proposed on the basis of equhaleot circuits. The characterizing parameters of the absorber are its relative acoustic resistance γ, the diameter d of the perforations and the resonance frequency fo. The later two form the perforate constaot k = , which, together with γ, decides the structure and characteristics of the microperforated-panel absorber. The maximum value of the absorption band width △f/f0 is (4/π)tan-1(1＋γ), as k approaches zero, and it does not change much as far as k is less than 1, the cavity depth is nearly a quarter wavelength of the resonance frequency For large values of k, the absorption band narrows down significalltly and the cavity depth required becomes a small fraction of the wavelength. The general properties of the microperforated absorber are discussed.

Not really an aftermath.The role of actual construction in the design process of the Sydney Opera House roof

For the past 50 years,the Sydney Opera House has been the subject of a prodigious hagiography of the personalities involved in its realization and their legendary querelles.Yet it remains paradoxically unexplored when it comes to its operative construction decisions,particularly those that relate to the erection of its renowned superstructure.Through the analysis of a newly discovered set of shop drawings prepared for the innovative formwork system of the iconic roof sails,the paper contributes to the construction history of the building whilst shedding light on the hitherto unacknowledged role of the general contractor in the design process.In doing so,it questions the validity of conventional assumptions about the technical division of labour in complex projects,where construction and project management tend to be kept separate from architectural and structural design,furthermore suggesting the need for broader design exegeses,combining project-based and production-based concerns.In reflecting on its import for contemporary practice,the study suggests that the revealing picture of the Sydney Opera House project,as it emerged from the cumbersome archive-based crossanalysis of the manual documentation produced for it,is in principle much easier and perhaps important to obtain today.This is due,on the one side,to availability and diffusion of digital project collaborative platforms;on the other side,to the merging and the blurring of professional and non-professional design contributions.

从法国通用技术条款看中国标准走出去

Despite the booming of China’s infrastructure construction and relevant standards in recent decades,the application of Chinese standards in foreign construction projects is rare.In former French colonial countries and regions,French standards are widely used.The paper introduces the French General Technical Clauses,including the countries that adopt them,their composition and status quo.Based on a project in Senegal,the application of the clauses is demonstrated,and their pros and cons are analyzed.The difficulties to promote Chinese standards worldwide are discussed,and suggestions are given.