Effects of Desmodium uncinatum Leaf Meal in the Diet on Lohmann Brown Hens’ Laying Performance and Eggs Quality

A cheap, safe and available alternative protein source to soybean is a huge priority for the developing world. This study is aimed at evaluating the effects of Desmodium uncinatum leaf meal incorporation levels in the diet on Lohmann Brown hens’ laying performances. For this purpose, 60 Lohmann Brown hens aged 33 weeks with an average weight of 1.78 kg were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups of 20 birds each with 4 replicates. The experimental treatments consisted of DULM 0, DULM5, and DULM10 containing 0, 5 and 10 kg of D. uncinatum leaf meal (DULM) per 100 kg of feed respectively. The results reveal that except for the weights of hens, laying performances were significantly affected (p < 0.05) by DULM in the diet. Daily feed intake was lower with 10% incorporation of DULM in the diet as compared to a diet with 5% DULM which recorded the highest value for this parameter. Moreover, the highest value for the egg weight, egg mass, yolk index, albumen index and egg production were recorded with diet DULM5. On the other hand, the diet with 10% of DULM (DULM10) recorded the highest relative shell weight, feed conversion ratio and egg price. Nevertheless, the mortality rate found in this study was 0% for all treatments confirming the good quality of DULM as protein feedstuff for layer. It was concluded that incorporation levels of D. uncinatum leaves at 5% in the diet improved the laying performances of Lohmann Brown hens.

山蚂蝗属(Desmodium Desv.)营养期营养成分分析

对17份山蚂蝗材料营养期的营养成分进行测定与分析。结果表明:(1)粗蛋白含量最高的为CIAT3787(D.hererocarpum)(22.34%),其次是CIAT46562(D.dunniinicaraguense)(22.32%);粗纤维含量最高的是CIAT13218(D.velutinum)(38.70%),显著高于其他品系(p>0.05);(2)山蚂蝗营养成分之间存在不同程度的相关性,粗纤维含量分别与粗灰分、无氮浸出物、磷的含量存在极显著负相关,粗灰分含量与磷含量有极显著正相关,与钙含量有显著相关;(3)通过聚类分析,在欧氏距离8.0处,可将17份供试山蚂蝗材料划分为3类,其中CIAT46562和CPI46561(D.incanum)单独聚为一类。

山蚂蝗属(Desmodium Desv.)种质资源形态多样性研究

对37份山蚂蝗材料的植物学特征、外部性状的变异及其规律进行观测统计及聚类分析。通过数据统计和相关性分析,结果表明：（1）山蚂蝗的植物学特征存在广泛变异,其变异系数为85%（叶柄长）-9%（叶色）,平均为45%;（2）山蚂蝗植物学各性状指标间存在不同程度的相关性,其中叶片类型、叶尖、花冠颜色、茎的生长习性、旗瓣大小、荚果长、荚果宽、单荚粒数之间存显著（p〈0.05）或极显著（p〈0.01）正相关,叶长与叶宽正相关系数最大（0.892）;叶片类型与叶长、叶宽、花序轴长度成极显著负相关,系数分别为-0.611、-0.462、-0.485。通过聚类分析,在欧氏距离8.0处,可将37份供试山蚂蝗材料划分为6类,其中度尼山蚂蝗CIAT46562和灰色山蚂蝗CPI46561单独聚为一类,为直立或斜升、羽状三出复叶型。

山蚂蝗属（Desmodium）植物根瘤菌生物学特性

从山蚂蝗属植物分离到９株根瘤菌并鉴定为慢生型。该类菌在酵母浸出物－甘露醇（ＹＥＭ）培养基上产碱、代时６小时以上。这些根瘤菌不能利用蔗糖、苹果酸和柠檬酸，大部分菌不能利用无机氮源，所试根瘤菌耐盐能力差，生长ｐＨ范围窄（ｐＨ５－８），ｐＨ６生长最旺盛。这些菌种对所试４种抗生素敏感，其中ＭＸＤ２．ＭＸＤ３．ＭＸＤ５．ＭＸＤ７和ＭＸＤ９对所试抗生素均无抗性，所有根瘤菌在１０μ／ｍｌ结晶紫条件下仍能生长。

Methanol extract of Desmodium gangeticum DC root mimetic post-conditioning effect in isolated perfused rat heart by stimulating muscarinic receptors

Objective:To evaluate pharmacological mimetic action of herbal extract Desmodium gangeticum (DC) roots on ischemia reperfusion injury.Methods:With the help of Langendroff perfusion technique,ischemic post condition(POC) mimetic action of DG methanol root extract was evaluated and compared by using standard drugs that acts as muscarinic receptor agonist and antagonist,namely acetylcholine(Ach) and atropine(Atr) respectively in an isolated rat heart. Results:The physiological parameters like left ventricular developed pressure,end diastolic pressure and working index of isolated rat heart showed significant recovery in DG root extract administrated rat heart,similar to the recovery by POC.Kymogram results showed muscarinic receptor agonist like action for DG methanol root extract,confirmed in rat heart by muscarnic receptor agonist(acetylcholine) and anatoginst(atropine).Administration of DC root extract prior to reperfusion showed better antioxidant status in myocardial tissue homogenate and mitochondrial,complemented by the levels of cardiac specific marker proteins in myocardial tissue and perfusate.Even though DG methanol root extract mimics its action similar to that of Ach,the myocardial protection mediated by the extract was superior to Ach,due to the presence of antioxidants in the crude extract.Conclusions:DG methanol root extract provides myocardial protection towards IRI by stimulating muscarinic receptors.

Studies on the anti-diarrheal properties of leaf extract of Desmodium puchellum

Objective:To evaluate the pharmacological activity against diarrhea of methanol and petroleum ether extract ofDesmodium puchellum(Family:Fabaceae)leaves.Methods:The extract was evaluated for castor oil-induced diarrhea and enteropooling as well as intestinal motility in rats.Both of the extracts were given to the rats at 200 mg/kg orally.Loperamide was used as a standard drug for diarrhea.Results:The diarrheal severity was reduced significantly(P<0.05)by methanol and petroleum ether extracts by 31.95% and 28.33%,respectively,whereas 54.75% inhibition was found for standard drug loperamide at 5 mg/kg.The two extracts also significantly(P<0.05) reduced the intestinal volume in case of castor oil induced enteropooling.Conclusions:It is concluded that both fractions contain some biologically active ingredients that are active for anti-diarrheal actions whereas methanol fraction has better potential.

Protective Effects of Extracts, Isolated Compounds from <i>Desmodium uncinatum</i>and Semi-Synthetic Isovitexin Derivatives against Lipid Peroxidation of Hepatocyte’s Membranes

Lipid peroxidation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenicity and maintenance of hepatitis. Thus, substances protecting hepatocyte membranes from lipid peroxidation are of great importance in the management of hepatotoxicity and hepatitis. The present work deals with the in vitro hepatoprotective activity of the methanol extract of Desmodium uncinatum, its sub-fractions, the major isolated compounds and some of their semi-synthetic derivatives in order to study structure activity relationships. Using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced lipid peroxidation of hepatocyte membranes as a model, the hepatoprotective-guided phytochemical survey of the methanol extract of aerial parts of D. uncinatum was carried out by successive column chromatography. One of the most active compounds (Isovitexin) was chemically transformed to yield new semi-synthetic. The identification of isolated and semi-synthetic compounds was performed using NMR techniques, mass spectrometry and by comparison of their data with those reported in the literature. The n-butanol fraction was the most effective (IC50: 22.9 μg/mL) compared to the crude methanol extract (IC50: 43.6 μg/mL) and other fractions. The n-butanol sub-fractions FA (containing non-phenolic compounds) and FB (mainly containing phenolic compounds) exhibited respective IC50 of 14.36 and 128.2 μg/ml. Purification of FA yielded 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-sitosterol (1), 3-O-β-D- 2-acetyl-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranoxyloleanoic acid (2), (2S, 3S, 4R, 7R, 8Z)-1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-[(R)-2'-hydroxyarachidoylamino]-docosan-8-ene-3,4,7-triol (4), spiraeamide (5), mannitol (6), while FB afforded essentially three C-glycosylflavonoids namely isovitexin (7), vitexin (8) and vicenin-3 (9). Chemical transformations (methylation, allylation and prenylation) of isovitexin afforded five new semi-synthetic derivatives: 4',5,7-O- trimethyli-sovitexin (10), 4'-O-allylisovitexin (11), 4',7-O-diallylisovitexin (12), 4'-O-prenylisovitexin (13) and 8-C-prenyl-4',7-O-diprenylisovitexin (14). The screening of these derivatives revealed that allylation did not significantly affect the hepatoprotective activity while methylation, prenylation, number and position of sugar moieties on the A ring of flavonoids significantly reduced it. Results demonstrated that the n-butanol fraction obtained from the methanol extract of Desmdium uncinatum may possess hepatoprotective activity due to its content in C-glycosylflavonoids and cerebrosides. Hydroxyl groups in C-glycosylflavonoids are important for their lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity.

In vitro biological screening of the stem of Desmodium elegans

Objective:To explore the medicinal importance of the stem of Desmodium elegans,methanolic extract,and its different solvent fractions were evaluated for brine shrimp lethality,insecticidal and phytotoxicity,antifungal,and antibacterial activities.Methods:The methanolic extract and its solvent fractions were tested for cytotoxic,phytotoxic,insecticidal,antifungal,and antibacterial effects using our previous published protocols.Results:The methanolic,DCM,ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions exhibited insecticidal effect against Callosobruchus analis and Rhyzopertha dominie.The methanolic extract,n-hexane,DCM ethyl acetate and n-butanol showed 75,85,85,65 and 5%phytotoxicity at the tested concentration of 500μg/ml.respectively.The solvent fractions(DCM and ethyl acetate)were effective against F.solani(10%and 20%,inhibition respectively).All the tested samples were devoid of cytotoxic and antibacterial effects.Conclusions:It was concluded diat diis plant can be practiced for control of weeds and insects.

Oral delivery of insulin with Desmodium gangeticum root aqueous extract protects rat hearts against ischemia reperfusion injury in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Objective:To evaluate the effect of insulin administered via oral route with the help of aqueous extract of Desmodium gangeticum(DG) root in rendering cardio protection against ischemia reperfusion injury in diabetic rats.Methods:Diabetes mellitus was induced in rats by theβ-cell toxin,streptozotocin(STZ,60 mg/kg).Isolated rat(IR) heart was used to investigate the effect of insulin mixed DG pretreatment on ischemia reperfusion injury.Mitochondrial respiratory enzymes and microsomal enzymes were used to assess the metabolic recovery of myocardium. Cardiac marker enzymes were used to find the functional recovery,which were compared with that of the STZ treated IR rats.Results:Compared with IR control group,rat treated with insulin mixed DG showed a significant functional and metabolic recovery of myocardium from the insult of ischemia reperfusion.Even though orally administered insulin mixed DG displayed a slow but prolonged hypoglycemic effect,the cardio protection it provided was more significant than when it was given intra peritoneal.Furthermore the above result indicates that insulin mixed DG can overcome the barriers in the gastrointestinal tract and be absorbed.Conclusions:The above results indicate the efficacy of insulin mixed DG in protecting the heart from ischemia reperfusion induced injury in diabetic rats.Furthermore the study gives additional information that herbal extracts can be used to transport insulin across the membrane and found to be a feasible approach for developing the oral delivery of insulin,as well as other peptide drugs.

Effects of Nitrogen Top-dressing Levels on Carbon-nitrogen Metabolism and Yield of Desmodium styracifoliumon

In order to research effects of the nitrogen top-dressing levels on carbon-nitrogen metabolism and yield of Desmodium styracifolium, a field experiment was conducted on the research farm of Guangxi University in 2007. Some physiological indexes and yield ofD. styracifolium were compared among five nitrogen top-dressing levels （0, 37.5, 75.0, 112.5 and 150.0 kg N. hm-2）. Results showed that the nitrogen top-dressing could significantly increase the contents of chlorophyll, soluble protein, sucrose and nitrogen as well as nitrate reducase activity. However, there were no significant differences in most of these indexes under high nitrogen levels. Consistently, there was no significant difference in yield among nitrogen top-dressing levels of 75 kg N.hm-2, 112.5 kg N. hm-2 and 150 kg N-hm-2. Therefore, the optimum nitrogen top-dressing level ofD. styracifolium was 75 kg N. hm-2.

Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of <i>Desmodium ramosissimum</i>

Microbial infections threaten the health of the Beninese population. Objectives: To identify bioactive phytochemical groups and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Desmodium ramosissimum used in traditional medicine in Benin against microbial infections. Methodology & Results: The classic reactions in solution helped highlight alkaloids, anthocyanins, flavonoids, quinones, saponins, steroids, tannins, terpenoids, mucilage, Coumarin, reducing compounds, anthracene, glycosides. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by extracts dilution’s method (ethanol extracts, methanol extracts and hexane extracts). The methanol extract inhibited the growth of all tested germs, with a significant effect on E. coli and S. aureus strains whose MIC values are equal to 1.25 mg/ml. On the contrary, this extract has a low activity on P. vulgaris strain with a MIC of 10 mg/ml. The ethanol extract also inhibited the growth of all the tested strains, but with more intense activity than the methanol extract. The strains of C. albicans and S. oralis were more sensitive to the extract with 0.625 mg/ml for MIC, while S. aureus and P. vulgaris were less sensitive (MIC = 5 mg/ml). The residual ethanol extract exerted inhibition on all microorganisms at a concentration of 20 mg/ml, except the strain of E. foecalis that was resistant. Conclusion & Applications: This study shows that besides its food virtues of this plant, there are antibacterial and antifungal properties.

Hypotensive Effects and Phytochemical Profile of Aqueous Extract and Fractions of Desmodium velutinun Leaves (Willd) D. C. (Fabaceae) in the Rat

Desmodium velutinum (D. velutinum) is a plant of the family Fabaceae used in traditional Congolese medicine for the treatment of high blood pressure (HBP) or hypertension (HT). The present work evaluated the hypotensive activity and determined the phytochemical profile of the aqueous extract and fractions of Desmodium velutinun (Willd) D. C. (Fabaceae) in the rat. The hypotensive effect of the aqueous extract and different fractions (F1, F2, F3 and F4) was evaluated at the dose of 2.5 mg/kg in normotensive rats anesthetized with 15% urethane at 1.5 g/kg, i.p. (intraperitoneally). Our results showed that the F3 fraction after administration caused a significant decrease in blood pressure and heart rate which remained higher than that of the aqueous extract and fractions (F1, F2 and F4). The richness in polyphenolic and flavonoid compounds as well as the separating capacity of the eluent used within the F3 fraction clearly justifies the beneficial effects of the latter on blood pressure and heart rate compared with the extract and fractions (F1, F2 and F4). In a second part we carried out the qualitative (thin-layer chromatography) and quantitative (total polyphenols and flavonoids determination) analysis. The chemical compounds remained dominated by the polyphenolic and flavonoid groups, the content of total polyphenols and total flavonoids meets the following increasing order: (extract, F1, F2, F3 and F4). The results obtained could certify the use of Desmodium velutinun in traditional Congolese medicine.

Application of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Determination of Schaftoside Acid in <i>Desmodium styracifolium</i>(Osb.) Merr.

The potential of Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) in quality control of Traditional Chinese Medicine has been evaluated. This study focuses on a rapid and non-destructive quantitative method for the determination of schaftoside acid content in Desmodium styracifolium by near-infrared spectroscopy. The schaftoside acid contents of 103 samples were determined by HPLC. The NIRS quantitative model of the ethanol extracts content was performed by partial least-squares (PLS) regression as linear regression with analysis values as calibration reference using 2nd derivative method as spectral preprocessing options. The model was verified by internal cross validation and external predictive validation with 22 Desmodium styracifolium samples. The correlation coefficients (r), the root-mean-square error of calibration (RMSEC), the root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP) and the root-mean-square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) of the calibration model for ethanol extracts content were 0.97201, 0.147, 0.162 and 0.433, respectively. The average recovery was 99.82%, and t-test showed that P > 0.5. Precision and repeatability RSD were 1.75% and 1.17%, RPD > 2.5. The data obtained from results showed that calibration model of NIRS was verified to be reliable, suggesting that the quantitative NIR models can be qualified to accurately quantify the ethanol extracts content of Desmodium styracifolium rapidly.

Effects of Ginger Meal (Zingiber officinale) Associated to Desmodium intortum and/or Stylosanthes guianensis on Growth Performances of Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in Cameroon

Background: The sustainability of animal production system depends mostly on feed management. Therefore, the combination of local leguminous forage as source of protein and ginger as phytobiotics can be one of the safe ways to attain this goal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ginger meal associated with ration containing local protein sources Desmodium intortum and/or Stylosanthes guianensis on growth performance in rabbits. Method: A total of 64 young rabbits (32 males and 32 females) with an average weight of 1000 ± 200 g were used. There were randomly assigned to 8 experimental diets in a complete randomized designed with 8 rabbits per treatment and each rabbit serving as an experimental unit. From the control diet R0 (basal diet without legumes and phytobiotic) and 7 other diets (treatment): R1(basal diet without legumes + 1% ginger powder), R2 (basal diet + 20% S. guianensis + 1% ginger meal), R3 (basal diet + 20% D. intortum + 1% ginger powder), R4 (basal diet + 20% D. intortum + 0% ginger powder), R5 (basal diet + 20% S. guianensis + 0% ginger powder), R6 (basal diet + 10% D. intortum + 10% S. guianensis + 0% ginger powder) R7 (basal diet + 10% D. intortum + 10% S. guianensis + 1% ginger powder). Feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass yield and average daily consumption were evaluated using standard procedures. Results: Feed intake and feed conversion ratio of animals fed R0 and R7 rations were significantly improved. Animals fed R1 ration had a significantly lower mean value for feed conversion ratio (1.83 g) and feed intake (1.67 g) respectively. Live weight (2432.54 g), total weight gain (1644.90 g), average daily feed intake (109.06 g) and dressed weight (1404.25 g) were significantly higher for rabbits fed R1 ration. Relative weights of organs of animals fed R4 ration were significantly higher. Conclusion: Feeding rabbits with R1 diet significantly improved growth performance.

旋扭山绿豆（Desmodium intortum）营养器官的形态解剖特点与高固氮、耐阴和水土保持的关系

旋扭山绿豆（Ｄｅｓｍｏｄｉｕｍｉｎｔｏｒｔｕｍ）不仅是营养价值高的牧草，而且是耐阴、高固氮和适于水土保持的植物。本植物由主根、各级侧根和不定根组成庞大的根系．各种根都可长出根瘤。其根瘤形成时间较早．数量较多．８５％以上为有效根瘤．类菌体力棒形．茎半匍匐，分枝多，复盖面积大，节及节间都能产生不定根。其叶较薄．气孔较少．叶绿体较大．其内淀粉粒少．基粒片层较丰富，因而能耐阴、在２０％遮阴下生长最好。

响应面法优化小槐花总黄酮提取工艺及抗氧化活性

采用响应面设计优化小槐花[Desmodium caudatum(Thunb.)DC.]的总黄酮提取工艺,在单因素试验结果的基础上,以提取温度、乙醇体积分数、料液比3个因素为影响因子,采用Box-Benhken响应面法优化提取工艺参数,并计算其DPPH自由基清除率和还原能力等抗氧化活性。结果表明,小槐花总黄酮最佳提取工艺的条件为提取温度60℃、乙醇体积分数40%、料液比1∶45(g∶mL)、超声时间108 min,该条件下小槐花的总黄酮含量为31.990 mg/g,与预测值31.254 mg/g相近,RSD为1.64%。在测定的质量浓度中,小槐花总黄酮对DPPH自由基有较好的清除能力,其还原能力随总黄酮浓度的增大而增强。该方法可靠适用,响应面法优化提取工艺参数可用于小槐花总黄酮的提取和体外抗氧化活性测定。

基于Nrf2-Keap1通路探讨小槐花不同提取物对CCl_(4)所致肝损伤的保护机制

目的探讨小槐花不同提取物对CCl_(4)所致肝损伤的保护机制。方法采用0.5%CCl_(4)花生油溶液构建小鼠肝损伤模型。苏木精-伊红(hematoxylin-eosin staining,HE)染色观察肝脏病变;试剂盒检测丙氨酸转氨酶(alanine amin-otransferase,ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平;Western blot检测肝脏组织中核因子促红细胞生成素2相关因子2(nuclear factor erythropoietin-2-related factor 2,Nrf2)、Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白1(Kelch like epichlorohydrin related protein-1,Keap1)、血红素加氧酶1(heme oxyge-nase 1,HO-1)蛋白的相对表达量。结果与模型组相比,小槐花水提物与醇提物中、高剂量组能显著降低肝重指数以及血清中ALT、AST水平(P<0.05,P<0.01)。小槐花水提物与醇提物中、高剂量组小鼠肝组织匀浆MDA、TNF-α、IL-6、ROS含量显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),SOD、CAT酶活性显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),GSH含量显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。其中小槐花水提物作用效果优于醇提物。小槐花水提物高剂量组显著上调Nrf2、HO-1,下调Keap1蛋白的表达(P<0.05)。结论小槐花不同提取物对CCl_(4)肝损伤小鼠具有保护作用,水提物保肝效果优于醇提物,作用机制与激活Nrf2-Keap1通路,减轻氧化应激反应有关。

Chemical Constituents with Antihyperlipidemic Activities from Desmodium triquetrum

Objective To study the chemical constituents from Desmodium triquetrum and their antihyperlipidemic activities. Methods The constituents of D. triquetrumwere isolated and purified using various column chromatographies. Their chemical structures were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic methods. The lipid-lowering effects of the isolates were evaluated in HepG2 cells. Results Nine compounds were obtained from the ethanol extract of D. triquetrum and determined to be 6＇-O-cis-p-coumaroyl- 3,5-dihydroxyphenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside （1）, tadehaginoside （2）, rutin （3）, quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （4）, quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside （5）, 6-O-（E）-p-hydroxy-cinnamoyl-β-glucose （6）, 6-O-（E）-p-hydroxy-cinnamoyl-α-glucose （7）, kaempferol-3-O-β-D-rutinoside （8）, and 3-O-β-D-galacopyranosyl （6-1）-α-L- rhamnosyl quercetin （9）. Compounds 1 and 2 significantly reduced the intracellular content of total cholesterols and triglycerides. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new phenolic compound and exhibits potent anti-hyperlipidemic activity. Additionally, compounds 6 and 7 are isolated from D. triquetrum for the first time.

广东金钱草糖基转移酶基因DsUGT11的克隆和功能分析

目的对广东金钱草中参与黄酮类化合物生物合成途径的糖基转移酶基因DsUGT11展开研究,通过生物信息分析、基因克隆、原核表达等技术解析其编码蛋白的功能。方法利用生物信息分析法分析和预测DsUGT11的序列特征和可能的生物功能,从新鲜叶片中提取RNA并反转录成cDNA,从中扩增和克隆得到DsUGT11基因,并通过异源表达和体外酶促反应对其编码蛋白的功能进行验证。结果从广东金钱草的转录组中筛选鉴定了1个糖基转移酶基因DsUGT11,该基因的开放阅读框长度为1426 bp,编码蛋白分子量52.14 KDa。生物信息结果表明DsUGT11具有UGT家族特有的“PSPG”的保守基序。本研究成功扩增得到DsUGT11并将其克隆至原核表达载体pMALc5X中,接着成功诱导得到重组蛋白。体外酶促反应结果表明,DsUGT11可以催化底物2-OH-柚皮素和UDP-葡萄糖生成3种化合物,包括芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(又称大波斯菊苷,Apigetrin)和两个未知化合物。结论本研究成功从广东金钱草中鉴定并克隆了DsUGT11基因,其编码蛋白是一个黄酮-氧糖苷转移酶,可以催化底物2-OH-柚皮素和UDP-葡萄糖生成大波斯菊苷等3种产物。

豆科山蚂蝗属植物的化学成分及生物活性研究进展

豆科(Leguminosae)山蚂蝗属(Desmodium)植物在我国分布广泛,种类较多,常作为药用植物应用于传统中药,因其药效显著,在民间使用广泛.该属植物主要有黄酮、生物碱、萜类、挥发油等化学成分;通常发挥抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌、清除体内氧自由基、保肝、镇痛等生物活性.我们通过对山蚂蝗属植物包括广金钱草、小槐花、饿蚂蝗、三点金、小叶三点金、大叶山蚂蝗、肾叶山蚂蝗、长柄山蚂蝗、假地豆等所含化学成分以及生物活性研究进行综述,旨在为山蚂蝗属植物的深入研究提供理论依据.