Results of analytical studies of the physical properties of the function and number of empirical macrohardness based on the standard experimental force diagram of kinetic macroindentation by a sphere.An analytical com...Results of analytical studies of the physical properties of the function and number of empirical macrohardness based on the standard experimental force diagram of kinetic macroindentation by a sphere.An analytical comparison method and a criterion for the similarity of the physical and empirical macrohardness of a material are proposed.The physical properties of the hardness measurement process using the Calvert-Johnson method are shown.The physical reasons for the size effect when measuring macrohardness are considered.The universal physical unit and standard of macrohardness of kinetic macroindentation by a sphere is substantiated.展开更多
Average aggregate number of coaggregates(N_co)of CE-n or BL-n and the fluoresc- ence probe(Np-16)have been determined by using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Chain-length,hydroxy-group and chain-foldability ...Average aggregate number of coaggregates(N_co)of CE-n or BL-n and the fluoresc- ence probe(Np-16)have been determined by using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Chain-length,hydroxy-group and chain-foldability effects on the N_co have been discussed.展开更多
A novel kinetic procedure for the determination of trace iron(Ⅲ) was proposed based on the aerial oxidation of Gallocyanine by oxygen dissolved in water at pH 7 0. The calibration graph is linear for 0 05—0.6 μg...A novel kinetic procedure for the determination of trace iron(Ⅲ) was proposed based on the aerial oxidation of Gallocyanine by oxygen dissolved in water at pH 7 0. The calibration graph is linear for 0 05—0.6 μg/ml, and the detection limit is 0 01μg/ml (Fe). The present procedure is selective for iron(Ⅲ) and very easy to control compared with kinetic procedures for iron. It had been used to the determination of trace iron in environmental samples, and the results were satisfactory.展开更多
The approach of estimating the number of signals based on information theoretic criteria has good performance in the assumption of white noise, but it always leads to false estimation of the coherent sources in colore...The approach of estimating the number of signals based on information theoretic criteria has good performance in the assumption of white noise, but it always leads to false estimation of the coherent sources in colored noise. An approach combining the combined information theoretic criteria and eigen- value correction, is presented to determine number of signals. The method uses maximum likelihood （ML） and information theoretic criteria to estimate coherent signals alternately, then eliminate the inequality of the eigenvalues caused by colored noise by correcting the noise eigenvalues. The computer simulation results prove the effective performance of the method.展开更多
The monitors used to measure radon concentration must be calibrated,and the calibration factor of each measurement cycle should be determined.Thus,the determination time of calibration factors of NRL-Ⅱ radon monitors...The monitors used to measure radon concentration must be calibrated,and the calibration factor of each measurement cycle should be determined.Thus,the determination time of calibration factors of NRL-Ⅱ radon monitors should be reduced.In this study,a method is proposed to determine the calibration factors of radon monitors rapidly.In the proposed method,the calibration factor is initially determined in the 60-min measurement cycle;the calibration factor is then identified in the other measurement cycle on the basis of the principle that the calibration factor of the same radon monitor in different measurement cycles is inversely proportional to the number of a particles produced by ^(218)Po decay in this cycle.Results demonstrate that the calculated calibration factor of the different measurement cycles is consistent with the experimental calibration factor.Therefore,this method is reliable and can be used to determine the calibration factor of radon monitors rapidly.展开更多
The most important physico-chemical characteristics describing detergent micelles are the CMC value and the aggregation number. These parameters depend critically on external conditions such as pH, ionic strength, buf...The most important physico-chemical characteristics describing detergent micelles are the CMC value and the aggregation number. These parameters depend critically on external conditions such as pH, ionic strength, buffer composition or temperature. However, the influence of these conditions on CMC or aggregation number is a priori not to predict, but the most important parameter. This holds especially for the aggregation number. Here, we present a simple, reliable and fast method for the analysis of detergent containing buffer systems. It enables the determination of CMC values and aggregation numbers of detergents as well as detergent mixtures in a 96well plate standard device relying on steady state fluorescence and fluorescence quenching. To prove the general applicability of our approach, we analyzed DDM as a prime example of a detergent and mixtures of DDM with six other detergents at different ratios to demonstrate the potential of our method.展开更多
A subset D of a group G is a determining set of G if every automorphism of G is uniquely determined by its action on D,and the determining number of G,a(G),is the cardinality of a smallest determining set.A group G is...A subset D of a group G is a determining set of G if every automorphism of G is uniquely determined by its action on D,and the determining number of G,a(G),is the cardinality of a smallest determining set.A group G is called a DEG-group if α(G)equals(G),the generating number of G.Our main results are as follows.Finite groups with determining number 0 or 1 are classified;finite simple groups and finite nilpotent groups are proved to be DEG-groups;for a given finite group H,there is a DEG-group G such that H is isomorphic to a normal subgroup of G and there is an injective mapping from the set of all finite groups to the set of finite DEG-groups;for any integer k≥2,there exists a group G such that α(G)=2 and(G)≥k.展开更多
文摘Results of analytical studies of the physical properties of the function and number of empirical macrohardness based on the standard experimental force diagram of kinetic macroindentation by a sphere.An analytical comparison method and a criterion for the similarity of the physical and empirical macrohardness of a material are proposed.The physical properties of the hardness measurement process using the Calvert-Johnson method are shown.The physical reasons for the size effect when measuring macrohardness are considered.The universal physical unit and standard of macrohardness of kinetic macroindentation by a sphere is substantiated.
文摘Average aggregate number of coaggregates(N_co)of CE-n or BL-n and the fluoresc- ence probe(Np-16)have been determined by using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Chain-length,hydroxy-group and chain-foldability effects on the N_co have been discussed.
文摘A novel kinetic procedure for the determination of trace iron(Ⅲ) was proposed based on the aerial oxidation of Gallocyanine by oxygen dissolved in water at pH 7 0. The calibration graph is linear for 0 05—0.6 μg/ml, and the detection limit is 0 01μg/ml (Fe). The present procedure is selective for iron(Ⅲ) and very easy to control compared with kinetic procedures for iron. It had been used to the determination of trace iron in environmental samples, and the results were satisfactory.
文摘The approach of estimating the number of signals based on information theoretic criteria has good performance in the assumption of white noise, but it always leads to false estimation of the coherent sources in colored noise. An approach combining the combined information theoretic criteria and eigen- value correction, is presented to determine number of signals. The method uses maximum likelihood （ML） and information theoretic criteria to estimate coherent signals alternately, then eliminate the inequality of the eigenvalues caused by colored noise by correcting the noise eigenvalues. The computer simulation results prove the effective performance of the method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11475082, 11375083, and 11275096)
文摘The monitors used to measure radon concentration must be calibrated,and the calibration factor of each measurement cycle should be determined.Thus,the determination time of calibration factors of NRL-Ⅱ radon monitors should be reduced.In this study,a method is proposed to determine the calibration factors of radon monitors rapidly.In the proposed method,the calibration factor is initially determined in the 60-min measurement cycle;the calibration factor is then identified in the other measurement cycle on the basis of the principle that the calibration factor of the same radon monitor in different measurement cycles is inversely proportional to the number of a particles produced by ^(218)Po decay in this cycle.Results demonstrate that the calculated calibration factor of the different measurement cycles is consistent with the experimental calibration factor.Therefore,this method is reliable and can be used to determine the calibration factor of radon monitors rapidly.
文摘The most important physico-chemical characteristics describing detergent micelles are the CMC value and the aggregation number. These parameters depend critically on external conditions such as pH, ionic strength, buffer composition or temperature. However, the influence of these conditions on CMC or aggregation number is a priori not to predict, but the most important parameter. This holds especially for the aggregation number. Here, we present a simple, reliable and fast method for the analysis of detergent containing buffer systems. It enables the determination of CMC values and aggregation numbers of detergents as well as detergent mixtures in a 96well plate standard device relying on steady state fluorescence and fluorescence quenching. To prove the general applicability of our approach, we analyzed DDM as a prime example of a detergent and mixtures of DDM with six other detergents at different ratios to demonstrate the potential of our method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11971474,12371025)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12271318).
文摘A subset D of a group G is a determining set of G if every automorphism of G is uniquely determined by its action on D,and the determining number of G,a(G),is the cardinality of a smallest determining set.A group G is called a DEG-group if α(G)equals(G),the generating number of G.Our main results are as follows.Finite groups with determining number 0 or 1 are classified;finite simple groups and finite nilpotent groups are proved to be DEG-groups;for a given finite group H,there is a DEG-group G such that H is isomorphic to a normal subgroup of G and there is an injective mapping from the set of all finite groups to the set of finite DEG-groups;for any integer k≥2,there exists a group G such that α(G)=2 and(G)≥k.
文摘A determinant theory is developed for Banach algebras and a characterization of those traced unital Banach algebras admitting a determinant is given.
