Nature Barriers Reduced Tsunami Devastation

关于印度海啸的种种报道音犹在耳,这是又一次人类与环境之间相碰撞的惨剧,一份最新的对由海啸引起的环境损害的评估报告展示了一幅充斥着污染与毁灭的图景。评估报告显示自然屏障如珊瑚礁等可以降低海啸的毁坏,但人类对自然环境的破坏却给自己带来了灾难……

Architectures in the Shadow of ＂Investors＇ Urban Planning＂--Case Study of Avala Hotel in Budva, Montenegro

Avala Hotel in Budva, Montenegro, has undergone three reconstructions. Each of them led to significant spatial changes. The first hotel established the foundation of urbanization process in Budva, the building was too high compared to the old town walls in the surrounding and thus not well integrated. The second reconstruction was the only successful achievement. At this time, in the first detailed urban plan including hotel and its surrounding area, the conclusion was that it represents ＂high-quality, seaside-favorable ambience＂ that should not be harmed by further building expansion. The last, illegal reconstruction in 2006 resulted in over enlarged new building disrespectful of the surrounding and the previous design. Similarly, the 2008 new detailed urban plan was the creation of ＂investors＇ urban planning＂. Entirely driven by profit, it arranges building reconstructions with multiple enlargements. This study tends to point out contextual impacts of the three hotels on the surrounding area, with special focus on the last reconstruction and ＂investors＇ urban planning＂ phenomena. The applied research method is comparative, chronological analysis of the three hotels. The aim of this research paper is to inspire initiatives that will help overcoming declining and harmful synergy of architecture and new socio-economic phenomena. It is the only way leading to the significant architectural goal： creating refined, harmonized and high quality ambience.

The Impacts of the Imperfect Storm on Northeast lapan

On March 11, 2011, a simply unprecedented set of circumstances occurred in Northeast ]apan. Three disasters struck nearly simultaneously： a 9.0 earthquake, huge tsunami, and nuclear catastrophe. People and places were forever changed. Using a series of vignettes, this paper personalized these numbers through a review of rebuilding efforts, voluntarism, consumer food impacts, and consumer behavior associated with the imperfect storm that destroyed more than 46,000 buildings, killed more than 12,000, and resulted in damages from the tsunami and earthquake alone of between 16 and 25 trillion yen. Possible implications of these results are advanced.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA) promotes recovery from spinal cord injury in lampreys: role of GABA receptors and perspective on the translation to mammals

In mammals, spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating event that can lead to a permanent loss of motor, sensory and autonomic functions below the site of injury. In the last years, the role of different neurotransmitter systems on regeneration and recovery from SCI has been deciphered. For example, studies in lampreys have shown that neurotransmitters play a key role in modulating the survival and regeneration of brainstem descending neurons after SCI (Romaus-Sanjurjo et al., 2018;Sobrido-Camean et al., 2018).

Treating spinal cord injury via sustained drug delivery from calcium phosphate coatings

Spinal cord injury（SCI）is a devastating trauma that leaves approximately 10,000 to 20,000 people paralyzed every year in the United States.The majority of these cases are young people that will live to almost a full life expectancy,however,their quality of life is significantly reduced.After SCI there is loss of both sensory and motor function below the level of injury.

Contribution of purinergic receptors to spinal cord injury repair:stem cellbased neuroregeneration

Traumatic spinal cord injury（SCI）,defined as physical trauma to the spinal column yielding altered motor,sensory,or autonomic function,is a devastating neurological disease causing major impact at both personal and societal level.SCI is characterized by a primary insult（compression,contusion or laceration）followed by a secondary pathologicalcascade that propagates further injury disrupting motor,

Vasopressor administration in spinal cord injury：should we apply a universal standard to all injury patterns？

Spinal cord injury（SCI）is a devastating pathology,with significant physical,psychosocial,and financial burdens.Despite the severity of this disease,and our deepening understanding of the pathophysiology,we remain limited in our treatment options.Recent well-publicized studies have focused on the benefit of early surgical decompression in this patient population,

New era of treatment and evaluation of traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury

Traumatic brain injury（TBI）and spinal cord injury（SCI）are leading causes of death and disability worldwide（Center for Disease Control,2006）.Both injuries are induced by external traumatic event and likely happen together.After the primary traumatic incident,the secondary injury,including ischemic,inflammatory,metabolic and biochemical cascades,is likely more devastating（Blumbergs,1997）.To date,all clinical trials have failed to cure TBI and SCI,due to the

A new tool for monitoring brain function: eye tracking goes beyond assessing attention to measuring central nervous system physiology

Concussion and other forms of brain injury are not always detectable with conventional means such as radiographic imaging.The lack of accurate diagnostics,biomarkers,and outcome measures has a devastating impact.Individual patients may suffer in obscurity,self-medicate into an addictive spiral,have impaired professional activity,and develop failed interpersonal relationships.

Adipose-derived stem cell conditioned medium for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: pre-clinical evidence and potential for clinical application

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a devastating progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes death of upper and lower motor neurons(MNs)in the central nervous system(CNS).The disease afflicts most people in prime periods of productivity in life,and it is estimated approximately 200,000 individuals in the United States live with ALS and any given time.Though a significant percentage of individuals with ALS have a genetic or hereditary form of the disease,the majority are sporadic cases with unknown etiologies.Regardless of cause,onset and progression of the disease is similar in all ALS patients,with minor initial outward symptoms followed by rapid deterioration of motor function leading to widespread paralysis,respiratory dysfunction and death.Despite the distressing and debilitating nature of ALS,no cures and limited potential treatment options exist.Therefore,identifying targets for effective therapy leading to delayed disease progression,increased quality of life,and extended lifespan are critical areas of investigation.In addition,identifying biomarkers of disease progression is incredibly important as diagnosis often occurs once the disease is in late stages and lifespan is only an average of 3–5 years after diagnosis.As the cellular and physiological processes known to influence or be involved in ALS are numerous,the complexity of the disease is a major detriment in developing effective therapies.Aside from the ubiquitous death of MNs,inflammatory and immunologic response in the spinal cord,brain and target muscles,and signal pathway changes that precede or are induced by MN death have been identified at multiple stages of disease progression.

Biocidal Effect of Leaves of <i>Crataeva religiosa</i>Forst on a Resistant Strain of Groundnut Bean <i>Caryedon serratus</i>(Olivier)

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a legume that is highly coveted by West African populations, particularly those in Senegal. However, it suffers enormous damage caused by a bruchidae beetle, Caryedon serratus. This lust rests on its richness in proteins, calories and the absence of major constraints for its production. Losses recorded can reach 83% for a period of 4 months of storage. To counter this damage, several authors have looked for alternative methods to the use of synthetic insecticides, often harmful to animal populations and the environment. In this logic, we tested the biological impact of a leaf-based formulation of plants indigenous to Senegal (Crateva religiosa) on the external forms of C. serratus. In this study, analysis of the biological parameters of strain C. serratus showed low adult mortality of C. serratus. On the other hand, the extract affects the viability of eggs and larvae and fertility is reduced. The effect of the C. religiosa plant also results in reduced fertility of surviving females and a sex ratio in favor of the males causing a risk of decreasing population growth. On the other hand, there is an extension of the total development time.

Nootropics with potential to(re)build neuroarchitecture

Development of effective treatments for neurodegenerative disorders is a clinical conundrum that has puzzled many researchers.Currently available drugs target symptomatic relief rather than suppressing,ceasing or repairing the devastating neural damages.For Alzheimer’s disease,two classes of procognitive compounds are approved as a treatment.

The interaction of genetics and environmental toxicants in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:results from animal models

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis（ALS） is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that results in the progressive death of motor neurons, leading to paralysis and eventual death. There is presently no cure for ALS, and only two drugs are available, neither of which provide significant extension of life. The wide variation in onset and progression of the disease, both in sporadic and even in strongly penetrant monogenic familial forms of ALS, indicate that in addition to background genetic variation impacting the disease process, environmental exposures are likely contributors. Epidemiological evidence worldwide implicates exposures to bacterial toxins, heavy metals, pesticides, and trauma as probable environmental factors. Here, we review current advances in gene-environment interactions in ALS animal models. We report our recent discoveries in a zebrafish model of ALS in relation to exposure to the cyanobacterial toxin BMAA, and discuss several results from mouse models that show interactions with exposure to mercury and statin drugs, both leading to acceleration of the disease process. The increasing research into this combinatorial gene-environment process is just starting, but shows early promise to uncover the underlying biochemical pathways that instigate the initial motor neuron defects and lead to their rapidly progressive dysfunction.

Great Lisbon 1755 Antipodal Impact Quake

The great Lisbon earthquake Nov.1,1755 devastated the city and Portuguese coastlines down to Morocco.Many details of the event are typical signs of chaotic terrane caused by an antipodal impact.A faint but fresh-looking antipodal impact structure centered at 35°39′S,168°26′E is found in the Tasman Sea,or about 405 km WSW(West-Southwest)of Cape Reinga,North Island,NZ(North Island).By conventional geological methods,the epicenter has been inferred to be on the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean,in an area known as the Horseshoe Plain WSW of Cape St.Vincent,Portugal,at a distance of about 200 km from the cape,a round figure estimate.The impact antipode at 35°39′N,11°34′W also is located in the Horseshoe Plain at 277 km WSW of Cape St.Vincent,the implied antipodal impact quake epicenter.

“厉害”的英译

“厉害”在汉语中,尤其在汉语口语中是一个很常用的词。它可以在不同的场合表达很多不同的意思。含“厉害”一词的句子译成英语时,也要根据具体情况分别处理。下边介绍几种译法。 1.译成作表语的形容词(常用副词修饰,以加强语气。): 1)对他来说,这次批评太厉害了。 To him, the criticism was too devastating. 2)风刮得很厉害,我们站都站不稳了。 The wind was so fierce; we could hardly stand up.

The Frozen Soils and Devastating Characteristics of West Kunlun Mountains Pass M_S 8.1 Earthquake Area in 2001

The investigation on damages to frozen soil sites during the West Kunlun Mountains Pass earthquake with M S 8.1 in 2001 shows that the frozen soil in the seismic area is composed mainly of moraine, alluvial deposit, diluvial deposit and lacustrine deposit with the depth varying greatly along the earthquake rupture zone. The deformation and rupture of frozen soil sites are mainly in the form of coseismic fracture zones caused by tectonic motion and fissures, liquefaction, seismic subsidence and collapse resulting from ground motion. The earthquake fracture zones on the surface are main brittle deformations, which, under the effect of sinistral strike-slip movement, are represented by shear fissures, tensional cracks and compressive bulges. The distribution and configuration patterns of deformation and rupture such as fissures, liquefaction, seismic subsidence and landslides are all related to the ambient rock and soil conditions of the earthquake area. The distribution of earthquake damage is characterized by large-scale rupture zones, rapid intensity attenuation along the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Highway, where buildings distribute and predominant effect of rock and soil conditions.

独臂柔道冠军（英文）

A 10-year-old boy decided to study judo1 despite the fact that he had lost his left arm in a devastating car accident.The boy began lessons with an old Japanese judo master.The boy was doing well,so he couldn’t understand why,after three months of training,the master had taught him only

A COMPREHENSIVE ECHINOCOCCUS PREVENTION LAUNCHED IN THE TIBET AUTONOMOUS REGION

Echinococcus has been shared by both humans and animals for quite a long time now.The Tibet Autonomous Region（TAR）is one of the areas with severe epidemic of echinococcus,with patients and their families encountering devastating health problems and heavy economic burdens in relation to the disease,not to mention a dramatic loss of agriculture and animal husbandry production.In March 2017,

A Possible Dynamic Mechanism for Rapid Production of the Extreme Hourly Rainfall in Zhengzhou City on 20 July 2021

In this study,the unprecedented extreme rainfall event during 19-20 July 2021,which caused devastating flooding in Zhengzhou City and its nearby areas,is examined based on observational data analysis and WRF model 40-h simulations on 1-km horizontal resolution.The results show that the model successfully reproduces(i)major synopticscale weather systems(i.e.,the western Pacific subtropical high,the Tibetan high,two typhoons,and the Huang-Huai cyclone),(ii)convective initiation along the east to north edge of the Songshan Mountain,where orographic lifting is obvious,and(iii)subsequent formation of the convective storm producing the extreme rainfall in Zhengzhou.In particular,the model generates the maximum rainfall rate of 233 mm h^(-1)and 40-h accumulated rainfall of 704 mm,corresponding well to the observed extreme values of 201.9 mm h^(-1)and 818 mm,at nearly observed timing and location.Importantly,the model reproduces an intense quasi-stationary,well-organized meso-γ-scale convective system,surrounded by an arc-shaped convergence zone,allowing the development of convective updrafts in a three-quarter circle around the convective system,in a way similar to“multidirectional pumping,”attracting all associated precipitation overlaid and concentrated into the same trailing region to generate the extreme hourly rainfall over Zhengzhou.Our study emphasizes the significant contribution of the unique dynamic structure of the well-organized meso-γ-scale convective system to the record-high hourly rainfall.A possible dynamic mechanism for short-time extreme rainfall production is proposed.That is,the arc-shaped convergence zone of the mesoscale convective system,acting like multidirectional lifting pumps,transports precipitation from different directions into the same region,and thus produces the extreme rainfall.The results gained herein may shed new light on better understanding and forecasting of short-time extreme rainfall.