Harmonious Development of Utilization and Protection of Tidal Flats and Wetlands-A Case Study in Shanghai Area

Spatial, environmental, and material resources are important for tidal flats and wetlands, thus, a harmonious balance between utilization and protection should be maintained. In the present study, the concept of tidal flat is defined, and its spatial limitation is also clarified. Located at the Yangtze Estuary, tidal flats in Shanghai area are selected for study. The relationship between water discharge and sediment transport of the Yangtze River, allowed exploration intensity and needs for wetland protection are discussed in the paper. The dynamic process and changing trend for different types of tidal flats are illustrated in detail. Regulations are proposed for a reasonable exploitation, dynamic protection, and ecosystem restoration of each individual tidal fiat and wetland. Some valuable suggestions are put forward for further study about the sustain＇able exploitation of offshore resources in Shanghai area.

"Three-in-One" Ecological Development and Efficient Utilization Model of Aggregates

Green mining and the formation of an effective and efficient development model have become key issues that aggregates enterprises around the world need to solve urgently.On the basis of analyzing the development status of aggregates industry in Xiluodu area,the paper studied the main problems faced in the construction of green aggregates mines at present,and proposed a"three-in-one"ecological,intelligent and efficient green mine construction model for"ecological development","green logistics"and"solid waste recycling"of aggregates.The study has certain theoretical value and practical significance for the construction of green aggregates mine in Xiluodu area.

Pathway and Countermeasure of Farmers Livelihood Transformation in the Ecological Development Area of Northern Guangdong Province from the Perspective of Ecological Protection

[Objectives]To explore pathways and countermeasures for transforming farmers livelihoods in the way of reducing their dependence on land while promoting sustainable development and alleviating ecological degradation.[Methods]A combination of field research,literature review,and policy analysis was employed to identify key factors affecting farmers livelihoods and potential strategies for transformation.[Results]The study found that developing ecological agriculture and modern agriculture,promoting agricultural transformation and upgrading,cultivating alternative industries,strengthening ecological engineering construction,and establishing diversified ecological compensation methods and supporting policies are effective strategies for transforming farmers livelihoods.[Conclusions]Implementing these strategies can help alleviate the contradiction between ecological protection and farmers livelihood development,promoting coordinated development of both.This approach not only benefits farmers but also contributes to sustainable environmental management and biodiversity conservation.

Spatial Protection and Development of Traditional Mountain Settlements from the Perspective of Self-organization : A Case Study of Anju Ancient Town in Tongliang District, Chongqing

Through literature research, field research and urban design analysis methods, based on the self-organization theory, the evolution characteristics of the settlement space of Anju Ancient Town with significant characteristics of traditional mountain settlements were analyzed, and then its internal and external influencing factors were summarized. Finally, appropriate protection and development strategies were proposed, such as reasonably planning functional zones, breaking through the single structure, and creating a good living cultural environment. The innovation of this study is that it integrates the self-organization theory into the cognition of traditional mountain settlement space, and discusses the connection between the mountain settlement space and the traditional regional context under the modern development concept, so as to seek the benign protection and reasonable development of traditional mountain settlement space.

A Mechanism for Digital Finance to Drive Green and Low-Carbon Development

Given the global focus on green and low-carbon development and the increasing prominence of digital finance,it is particularly important to explore how to leverage digital finance to achieve these environmental goals.This study,through mechanism analysis,deeply examines how China’s digital finance promotes green and low-carbon development and elucidates the positive interaction between digital finance and the green industry.The study found that digital finance,through more flexible and efficient financial functions,alters the cost structure of carbon emissions,and reduces the risks and costs of green investments,thereby creating a cooperative green mechanism benefiting all parties,and guiding social groups toward a green and low-carbon transformation.Additionally,the rapid development of digital finance has strengthened the implementation of environmental protection policies,effectively promoted the expansion of the environmental protection industry,and established the green ethos as a mainstream concept in financial development.This study aims to provide reference perspectives and suggestions,assist policymakers in promoting the green and lowcarbon development of digital finance,and offer insights into the integrated development of digital finance and the green environmental protection industry.

Countermeasures for the Protection and Sustainable Development of Forestry Resources

Firstly,the problems of the protection and sustainable development of forestry resources were analyzed,such as lack of overall planning for the protection of forestry resources,insufficient investment in the protection of forestry resources,etc.Afterwards,the corresponding countermeasures were proposed,such as making overall planning for sustainable forestry development,increasing the investment in the protection of forestry resources,improving the forestry management system,etc.

Development Trend of Energy and Key Points of Ecological Environment Protection in China's "14^(th) Five-Year Plan" Period

From the changes of total primary energy consumption and primary energy consumption structure,installed capacity and power generation of secondary energy(electricity),etc.,the development characteristics of China's energy structure in the"13^(th) Five-Year Plan"period was comprehensively studied.Combined with the complexity of the international situation,the diversification of the domestic energy system,the intelligence of the energy industry,etc.,the situation and challenges faced by China's energy development were deeply discussed in the four aspects of energy security,energy low-carbon transformation,energy system efficiency,and energy technology level.From the angle of ecological environment protection,the development of energy in the"14^(th) Five-Year Plan"period in China was analyzed,and some policies and measures were put forward.

Development and Utilization of Saline Lake Resources and Protection of Ecological Environment in Qaidam Basin in Qinghai Province

Qaidam basin is an important part of National Key Development Area–Lanzhou-Xining Area,is a key region of resource development in Western Development,is a National Circular Economy Pilot Zone.The focus of

Protection, Development and Utilization of Industrial Heritage Under the Background of Transformation of Exhausted Cities: A Case Study of Construction Planning of Anyuan National Mine Park

Firstly,the status quo of Pingxiang City as a resource-exhausted city was introduced firstly,and then the development situation of Anyuan Coal Mine,which is the representative of traditional coal industry in Pingxiang,was summarized.Moreover,the classification and value of mining heritage were analyzed,and it is proposed that the development of mine heritage tourism and urban transformation should be combined.The planning of Anyuan National Mine Park under the background of urban transformation was analyzed to provides an idea for the protection and utilization of industrial heritage.

Primary Study on the Protection and Development Planning of Antiquity Gardens——A Case Study of "Temple of YANG Shengan and Guihu Lake"

Through exploring and studying the rebuilding and protection planning of the Temple of YANG Shengan and Guihu Lake,the design principles and experience of rebuilding and protecting gardens of antiquity were summarized,the effective approaches to integrate the rebuilding design and the protection of relics were explored and the suggestions for the protection and development of antiquity gardens were put forward.

Protection and Development Strategies of Historic Town——A Case Study of the Ancient Daxu Town,Guilin,China

Historic town was stressed as an important base of succeeding local cultures and characteristics,features and modes of protecting and developing historic towns in China were studied and summarized.By taking the Ancient Daxu Town for an example,the protection of this ancient town was introduced,and deficiencies of its development were pointed out as:loss of "original" behaviors of the locals,commercial acts replacing "original" folk customs,incomplete tourist facilities,shabby traditional settlements and so on.In view of this,strategies for protecting and exploring the ancient town were proposed:properly making protection,construction and tourism planning,determining the direction of functional shift,realizing organic renovation of the old town,enhancing the planning and construction of tourist facilities,promoting the sustainable development of the ancient town;expanding the chain of tourism industry,strengthening regional integration;encouraging the locals to participate into the protection and development;applying the operation mode of "supervised by government,operated by enterprises,participated by locals".

Protection and Development of Rural Intangible Cultural Heritages in Shaanxi Province,China

The significance of protection and development of rural intangible cultural heritages was elaborated from the perspectives of rural harmonious culture,rural cultural innovation and rural cultural industry.Based on these analyses,the present protection and development of rural intangible cultural heritages in Shaanxi was illustrated.In the end,all-dimensional countermeasures covering government,inheritors,NGO and the public were proposed for the effective protection and rational development of rural intangible cultural heritages in Shaanxi Province.

Research Progress on the Development and Utilization of Proteins in Edible Insects

The recent progress on the proteins in edible insects was summarized, in- cluding the nutritional value, healthy value, food safety, extraction and content mea- surement of the proteins in edible insects, as well as the main development direc- tion of edible insect proteins. And we also pointed out the bottlenecks that restricted the development and utilization of proteins in edible insects, and proposed the prospect of the research, development and utilization of edible insects proteins.

Development and Utilization of the World＇s and China＇s Bulk Mineral Resources and their Supply and Demand Situation in the Next Twenty Years

Bulk mineral resources of iron ores, copper ores, bauxite, lead ores, zinc ores and potassium salt play a pivotal role on the world＇s and China＇s economic development. This study analyzed and predicted their resources base and potential, development and utilization and their world＇s and China＇s supply and demand situation in the future 20 years. The supply and demand of these six bulk mineral products are generally balanced, with a slight surplus, which will guarantee the stability of the international mineral commodity market supply. The six mineral resources （especially iron ores and copper ores） are abundant and have a great potential, and their development and utilization scale will gradually increase. Till the end of 2014, the reserve- production ratio of iron, copper, bauxite, lead, zinc ores and potassium salt was 95 years, 42 years, 100 years, 17 years, 37 years and 170 years, respectively. Except lead ores, the other five types all have reserve-production ratio exceeding 20 years, indicative of a high resources guarantee degree. If the utilization of recycled metals is counted in, the supply of the world＇s six mineral products will exceed the demand in the future twenty years. In 2015-2035, the supply of iron ores, refined copper, primary aluminum, refined lead, zinc and potassium salt will exceed their demand by 0.4-0.7 billion tons （Gt）, 5.0-6.0 million tons （Mt）, 1.1-8.9 Mt, 1.0-2.0 Mt, 1.2-2.0 Mt and 4.8-5.6 Mt, respectively. It is predicted that there is no problem with the supply side of bulk mineral products such as iron ores, but local or structural shortage may occur because of geopolitics, monopoly control, resources nationalism and trade friction. Affected by China＇s compressed industrialized development model, the demand of iron ores （crude steel）, potassium salt, refined lead, refined copper, bauxite （primary aluminum） and zinc will gradually reach their peak in advance. The demand peak of iron ores （crude steel） will reach around 2015, 2016 for potassium salt, 2020 for refined lead, 2021 for bauxite （primary aluminum）, 2022 for refined copper and 2023 for zinc. China＇s demand for iron ores （crude steel）, bauxite （primary aluminum） and zinc in the future 20 years will decline among the world＇s demand, while that for refined copper, refined lead and potassium salt will slightly increase. The demand for bulk mineral products still remains high. In 2015-2035, China＇s accumulative demand for iron ores （crude steel） will be 20.313 Gt （13.429 Gt）, 0.304 Gt for refined copper, 2.466 Gt （0.616 Gt） of bauxite （primary aluminum）, 0.102 Gt of refined lead, 0.138 Gt of zinc and 0.157 Gt of potassium salt, and they account for the world＇s YOY （YOY） accumulative demand of 35.17%, 51.09%, 48.47%, 46.62%, 43.95% and 21.84%, respectively. This proportion is 49.40%, 102.52%, 87.44%, 105.65%, 93.62% and 106.49% of that in 2014, respectively. From the supply side of China＇s bulk mineral resources, it is forecasted that the accumulative supply of primary （mine） mineral products in 2015-2035 is 4.046 Gt of iron ores, 0.591 Gt of copper, 1.129 Gt of bauxite, 63.661 Mt of （mine） lead, 0.109 Gt of （mine） zinc and 0.128 Gt of potassium salt, which accounts for 8.82%, 13.92%, 26.67%, 47.09%, 33.04% and 15.56% of the world＇s predicted YOY production, respectively. With the rapid increase in the smelting capacity of iron and steel and alumina, the rate of capacity utilization for crude steel, refined copper, alumina, primary aluminum and refined lead in 2014 was 72.13%, 83.63%, 74.45%, 70.76% and 72.22%, respectively. During 2000-2014, the rate of capacity utilization for China＇s crude steel and refined copper showed a generally fluctuating decrease, which leads to an insufficient supply of primary mineral products. It is forecasted that the supply insufficiency of iron ores in 2015-2035 is 17.44 Gt, 0.245 Gt of copper in copper concentrates, 1.337 Gt of bauxite, 38.44 Mt of lead in lead concentrates and 29.19 Mt of zinc in zinc concentrates. China has gradually raised the utilization of recycled metals, which has mitigated the insufficient supply of primary metal products to some extent. It is forecasted that in 2015-2035 the accumulative utilization amount of steel scrap （iron ores） is 3.27 Gt （5.08 Gt）, 70.312 Mt of recycled copper, 0.2 Gt of recycled aluminum, 48 Mt of recycled lead and 7.7 Mt of recycled zinc. The analysis on the supply and demand situation of China＇s bulk mineral resources in 2015-2035 suggests that the supply-demand contradiction for these six types of mineral products will decrease, indicative of a generally declining external dependency. If the use of recycled metal amount is counted in, the external dependency of China＇s iron, copper, bauxite, lead, zinc and potassium salt will be 79%, 65%, 26%, 8%, 16% and 18% in 2014, respectively. It is predicted that this external dependency will decrease to 62%, 64%, 20%, -0.93%, 16% and 14% in 2020, respectively, showing an overall decreasing trend. We propose the following suggestions correspondingly. （1） The demand peak of China＇s crude steel and potassium salt will reach during 2015-2023 in succession. Mining transformation should be planned and deployed in advance to deal with the arrival of this demand peak. （2） The supply-demand contradiction of China＇s bulk mineral resources will mitigate in the future 20 years, and the external dependency will decrease accordingly. It is suggested to adjust the mineral resources management policies according to different minerals and regions, and regulate the exploration and development activities. （3） China should further establish and improve the forced mechanism of resolving the smelting overcapacity of steel, refined copper, primary aluminum, lead and zinc to really achieve the goal of ＂reducing excess production capacity＂. （4） In accordance with the national strategic deployment of ＂One Belt One Road＂, China should encourage the excess capacity of steel, copper, alumina and primary aluminum enterprises to transfer to those countries or areas with abundant resources, high energy matching degree and relatively excellent infrastructure. Based on the national conditions, mining condition and geopolitics of the resources countries, we will gradually build steel, copper, aluminum and lead-zinc smelting bases, and potash processing and production bases, which will promote the excess capacity to transfer to the overseas orderly. （5） It is proposed to strengthen the planning and management of renewable resources recycling and to construct industrial base of renewable metal recycling. （6） China should promote the comprehensive development and utilization of paragenetic and associated mineral species to further improve the comprehensive utilization of bulk mineral resources.

A review of water resources utilization and protection in Southwest China

Yunnan and Guizhou are two provinces in Southwest China where in recent years drought disasters have occurred due to natural and human factors. This paper reviewed literature and summarized the related achievements of water resources utilization and protection in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. rivers, and karst ground water in the two provinces, and also This included characters and utilization of precipitation, the various explanations of drought （climate and human factors） and strategies for coping with droughts. Our concluding remarks highlight three lines of future studies： inequalities and equitable use of water distribution, better evaluation systems, and raising awareness through conservation practices.

THE UTILIZATION OF WATER RESOURCE AND THE OASIS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN ARID LAND—A CASE STUDY OF TURPAN BASIN

Turpan Basin is a unique geographic region in China. The topography of the Basin is closed and the climate is extremely dry. The shortage of water resource has been restricting the existence and development of the oasis in Turpan Basin. This paper briefly analyzes the characteristics of the basin's water resources, and expounds the processes of their utilization and regional development. It points out that the exploration of water resource is close to the limit and the utilization of water resource is unreasonable. So it is nonrealistic to follow the traditional exploration pattern. According to the transforming pattern between runoff and groundwater in the basin, an overall planning of the utilization of the water resource is advanced. Based on the relation between the maintenance of Aydingkol Lake and the existence of the oasis, the amount of water resource used must be controlled in order to guarantee the existence of the lake. The orientation of the utilization of water resource is to improve the management level of water resource, and to apply advanced water saving technology. Building up an economic system which can effectively use water resource is the orientation of the oasis sustainable economic development.

Development, Protection and Sustainable Development of Huadianba in the Cangshan Mountain, Dali Prefecture

Huadianba in the Cangshan Mountain, a region where key ecosystem types and species under prior protection are concentrated, is the first choice for the comprehensive protection and development of biodiversity. In this study, natural conditions, location and current protection and development of Huadianba were introduced, major problems emerging in the protection and management were summarized, and pertinent measures were proposed as a reference for the scientific development and protection of Huadianba.

Beneficial effects of a decreased meal frequency on nutrient utilization,secretion of luteinizing hormones and ovarian follicular development in gilts

Background:Replacement gilts are typically fed ad libitum,whereas emerging evidence from human and rodent studies has revealed that time-restricted access to food has health benefits.The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of meal frequency on the metabolic status and ovarian follicular development in gilts.Methods:A total of 36 gilts(Landrace×Yorkshire)with an age of 150±3 d and a body weight of 77.6±3.8 kg were randomly allocated into one of three groups(n=12 in each group),and based on the group allocation,the gilts were fed at a frequency of one meal(T1),two meals(T2),or six meals per day(T6)for 14 consecutive weeks.The effects of the meal frequency on growth preference,nutrient utilization,short-chain fatty acid production by gut microbial,the post-meal dynamics in the metabolic status,reproductive hormone secretions,and ovarian follicular development in the gilts were measured.Results:The gilts in the T1 group presented a higher average daily gain(+48 g/d,P<0.05)and a higher body weight(+4.9 kg,P<0.05)than those in the T6 group.The meal frequency had no effect on the apparent digestibility of dry matter,crude protein,ether extract,ash,and gross energy,with the exception that the T1 gilts exhibited a greater NDF digestibility than the T6 gilts(P<0.05).The nitrogen balance analysis revealed that the T1 gilts presented decreased urine excretion of nitrogen(−8.17 g/d,P<0.05)and higher nitrogen retention(+9.81 g/d,P<0.05),and thus exhibited higher nitrogen utilization than the T6 gilts.The time-course dynamics of glucose,α-amino nitrogen,urea,lactate,and insulin levels in serum revealed that the T1 group exhibited higher utilization of nutrients after a meal than the T2 or T6 gilts.The T1 gilts also had a higher acetate content and SCFAs in feces than the T6 gilts(P<0.05).The age,body weight and backfat thickness of the gilts at first estrous expression were not affected by the meal frequency,but the gilts in the T1 group had higher levels of serum luteinizing hormone on the 18th day of the 3rd estrus cycle and 17β-estradiol,a larger number of growing follicles and corpora lutea,and higher mRNA expression levels of genes related to follicular development on the 19th day of the 3rd estrus cycle.Conclusions:The current findings revealed the benefits of a lower meal frequency equal feed intake on nutrient utilization and reproductive function in replacement gilts,and thus provide new insights into the nutritional strategy for replacement gilts,and the dietary pattern for other mammals,such as humans.

Effect of dietary calcium or phosphorus deficiency on bone development and related calcium or phosphorus metabolic utilization parameters of broilers from 22 to 42 days of age

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary calcium(Ca)or phosphorus(P)deficiency on bone development and related Ca or P metabolic utilization parameters of broilers from 22 to 42 days of age based on our previous study,which indicated that dietary Ca or P deficiency impaired the bone development by regulating related Ca or P metabolic utilization parameters of broilers from 1 to 21 days of age.A total of 504 one-day-old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments with 7 replicates in a completely randomized design,and fed the normal control and Ca-or P-deficient diets from 1 to 21 days of age.At 22 days of age,the broilers were further fed the normal control diet(0.90%Ca+0.35%non-phytate P(NPP)),the P-deficient diet(0.90%Ca+0.18%NPP),the Ca-deficient diet(0.30%Ca+0.35%NPP)or the Ca and P-deficient diet(0.30%Ca+0.18%NPP),respectively.The results showed that dietary Ca or P deficiency decreased(P<0.05)tibia bone mineral density(BMD),bone breaking strength(BBS),ash content,tibia ash Ca content and serum P content on days 28 and 42,but increased(P<0.05)tibia alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity of broilers on day 42 compared with the control group.Furthermore,the broilers fed the P-deficient diet had the lowest(P<0.05)tibia BMD,BBS,ash content,serum P content and the highest(P<0.05)serum Ca content on day 28 compared with those fed the Ca-deficient or Ca and P-deficient diets.The results from the present study indicated that the bone development and related Ca or P metabolic utilization parameters of broilers were the most sensitive to dietary P deficiency,followed by dietary Ca deficiency or Ca and P-deficiency;dietary Ca or P deficiency impaired the bone development possibly by regulating serum Ca and P contents as well as tibia Ca content and ALP activity of broilers from 22 to 42 days of age.

Factors Affecting Community-Based Tourism Development and Environmental Protection: Practical Study in Vietnam

Community-based tourism (CBT) is considered as one of the typical types of tourism towards sustainable development with three important goals such as bringing back economic benefits, protecting natural environment and preserving indigenous cultural values. Therefore, this paper analyzes the factors that affect community ecotourism development associated with environmental protection in emerging economies, including Vietnam, by the method of key and community tourism potential value assessment with 721 sample surveys. In this paper, we have applied to assess the key factors of tourism in Vietnam and other key points to have more comprehensive solutions to promote the development of community-based tourism with environmental protection. The article has used guest-based approach and method of assessing the key success factors. The results of researching factors to develop community tourist (impacting tourist community needs of tourists) by running Logit function have shown the great influence of factors such as: environmental protection (influence factor +3.585780, with a statistical significance of 99%), security and safety (+3.024816—statistical significance 99%) followed by infrastructure conditions & facilities for the community based tourism, the level of information etc… for your community based tourism needs. From the research results, we propose the following policy groups: 1) Developing guidelines for CBT, the first step as a basis for the development of community based tourism laws later;2) Policies related to the implementation of planning, development of key community tourist areas and destinations;3) Policies related to the development of community-based tourism associated with the protection of natural and cultural environments;4) Policies related to tourism management;coordinating monitoring of community tourism resource points;policies related to the local community in community tourism development;5) Policies related to human resource development;promotion work;developing community based tourism products.