Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） is the most frequent cause of dementia in the western world. In clinical terms, AD is characterized by progres- sive cognitive decline that usually begins with memory impairment. As the dis...Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） is the most frequent cause of dementia in the western world. In clinical terms, AD is characterized by progres- sive cognitive decline that usually begins with memory impairment. As the disease progresses, AD inevitably affects all intellectual functions including executive functions, leading to complete dependence for basic activities of daily life and premature death.展开更多
This review starts with a brief history of drug discovery & development, and the place of Asia in this worldwide effort discussed. The conditions and constraints of a successful translational R&D involving aca...This review starts with a brief history of drug discovery & development, and the place of Asia in this worldwide effort discussed. The conditions and constraints of a successful translational R&D involving academic basic research and clinical research are discussed and the Singapore model for pursuit of open R&D described. The importance of well-characterized, validated drug targets for the search for novel targeted anti-cancer agents is emphasized, as well as a structured, high quality translational R&D. Furthermore, the characteristics of an attractive preclinical development drug candidate are discussed laying the foundation of a successful preclinical development. The most frequent sources of failures are described and risk management at every stage is highly recommended. Organizational factors are also considered to play an important role. The factors to consider before starting a new drug discovery & development project are described, and an example is given of a successful clinical project that has had its roots in local universities and was carried through preclinical development into phase I clinical trials.展开更多
Targeted poverty alleviation is a wise and far-reaching basic national policy formulated by the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. It is a strategic project and strategic goal for the...Targeted poverty alleviation is a wise and far-reaching basic national policy formulated by the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. It is a strategic project and strategic goal for the Chinese people to completely shake off poverty and backwardness and move towards a prosperous and powerful country,as well as the historical mission of socialism to defeat capitalism. However,targeted poverty alleviation is a grand project involving the entire society. To ensure the ultimate realization of the goal of targeted poverty alleviation,only policies and programs are far from enough. Corresponding legal systems must also be established,which is the fundamental condition for targeted poverty alleviation and sustainable development.展开更多
Brain tumors are a diverse group of malignancies that remain refractory to conventional treatment approaches.Molecular neuro-oncologyhas now begun to clarify the transformed phenotype of brain tumors and identify onco...Brain tumors are a diverse group of malignancies that remain refractory to conventional treatment approaches.Molecular neuro-oncologyhas now begun to clarify the transformed phenotype of brain tumors and identify oncogenic pathways that might be amenable to targetedtherapy.Activity of the phosphoinositide 3;kinase(PI3K)/Akt pathway is often upregulated in brain tumors due to excessive stimu-lation by growth factor receptors and Ras.Loss of function of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN also frequently contributesto展开更多
The Chinese Academy of Sci-ences (CAS) has begun introducingthe trial implementation of theKnowledge Innovation Program(KIP)in an all-round manner just as,at the beginning of the new century,the state is about to impl...The Chinese Academy of Sci-ences (CAS) has begun introducingthe trial implementation of theKnowledge Innovation Program(KIP)in an all-round manner just as,at the beginning of the new century,the state is about to implement itsTenth Five-Year Plan for thecountry’s ongoing economic andsocial development. This will展开更多
Renewable energy (RE) has been attached high attention around the world due to its carbon-free and indigenous production in a sustainable way. China enjoys plenty of renewable energy resources, particularly the wind, ...Renewable energy (RE) has been attached high attention around the world due to its carbon-free and indigenous production in a sustainable way. China enjoys plenty of renewable energy resources, particularly the wind, solar, hydro- and biomass energy, which could be a sound basis for a large-scale exploitation. This report examines the current status of RE technology and industry, analyzes the challenges of promoting RE in China. In order to pave the way for a long-term development of RE, this paper outlines the basic principles and priorities for individual RE technology. In line with these, the paper puts forward the RE targets and further describes the RE road map by 2020, 2030 and extend to 2050, taking consideration of China’s RE resources, industrial basis and energy demand etc. At last, this paper provides some recommendations to ensure the achievements of the RE targets.展开更多
This paper presents the guidelines and basic ideas for working out the development plan of new and renewable energy based upon China’s conditions, the foundation of industrialization development, targets of developme...This paper presents the guidelines and basic ideas for working out the development plan of new and renewable energy based upon China’s conditions, the foundation of industrialization development, targets of development for year 2000-2015 and the main tasks of industrialization system construction.展开更多
There is little or no research initiated on enlightening Nigerians about the pathogenesis,targets for drug development and repositioning for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection.Coronav...There is little or no research initiated on enlightening Nigerians about the pathogenesis,targets for drug development and repositioning for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection.Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a viral infection causing symptoms like dry cough,sore throat,nasal congestion,tiredness,fever,loss of taste,and smell etc.The disease was first reported in Wuhan,China,in December 2019.The infection is caused by SARS-CoV-2,which is the third introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the human population.Coronaviruses are viruses with a positive RNA envelope assigned toα,β,γ,andδgenera.Moreover,SARS-CoV-2 belongs to theβgenus.The four structural proteins ofβcoronavirus are membrane(M),envelope(E),spike(S),and nucleocapsid(N)protein,mediation of coronavirus host infection is established by spike(S)protein.Therefore,the search for drug development targets and repositioning of existing therapeutics is essential for fighting the present pandemic.It was reviewed that therapeutics targeting SARS-CoV-2 binding to ACE2 receptor,viral RNA synthesis and replication,3CLpro,RdRp,and helicase will play a crucial role in the development of treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection.Furthermore,the RdRp and spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 are the most promising targets for drug development and repositioning and vaccine development.Remdesivir combination with chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine are promising drug repositioning for the treatment of COVID-19,and mRNA-1273 targeting spike protein is the promising vaccine.However,as patient management and drug repositioning are taking place,it is imperative to identify other promising targets used by SARS-CoV-2 to establish infection,to develop novel therapeutics.展开更多
During the 10th Five-Year, the development of textile machinery will be focused on the general targets of our domestic textile industry-industrial restructuring, technical progress, products upgrading, quality improve...During the 10th Five-Year, the development of textile machinery will be focused on the general targets of our domestic textile industry-industrial restructuring, technical progress, products upgrading, quality improvement of apparel fabric, replace imported fabric with domestic fabric, and expansion of export. For the benefits of apparel quality, great efforts will be made to improve the technologies in the production process of fiber manufacturing, yarn spinning, fabric weaving, dyeing-printing and finishing, and to encourage the manufacturers to compete both in domestic market and in international market.展开更多
Shared development is an important means by which to improve people’s livelihood and well-being in the new era. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016–2020), China has made great achievements in the three major...Shared development is an important means by which to improve people’s livelihood and well-being in the new era. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016–2020), China has made great achievements in the three major aspects of targeted poverty alleviation through industrial development, development of special rural areas, and equalization of urban and rural infrastructure and basic public services. In addition, the important experience of multi-agent participation, multi-mode guidance, and multi-line promotion has been accumulated in the individual, regional and urbanrural dimensions. However, there remain some deficiencies, such as low policy efficiency, poor matching ability, and prominent structural problems. At the beginning of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021–2025), the task of enriching farmers through sharing has been faced with many challenges, such as major changes in the focus of poverty governance, greater numbers of restraints on the development of special rural areas, and heavy responsibilities of equalizing urban and rural infrastructure and basic public services. Therefore, it is necessary to acquire a profound understanding of the new development concept, and to continuously enrich farmers through sharing in terms of accelerating the improvement of the institutionalized poverty reduction system in the new era, actively building a green development system of agriculture and animal husbandry in special rural areas, and striving to create a fair and complementary urban and rural infrastructure and basic public service system.展开更多
文摘Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） is the most frequent cause of dementia in the western world. In clinical terms, AD is characterized by progres- sive cognitive decline that usually begins with memory impairment. As the disease progresses, AD inevitably affects all intellectual functions including executive functions, leading to complete dependence for basic activities of daily life and premature death.
文摘This review starts with a brief history of drug discovery & development, and the place of Asia in this worldwide effort discussed. The conditions and constraints of a successful translational R&D involving academic basic research and clinical research are discussed and the Singapore model for pursuit of open R&D described. The importance of well-characterized, validated drug targets for the search for novel targeted anti-cancer agents is emphasized, as well as a structured, high quality translational R&D. Furthermore, the characteristics of an attractive preclinical development drug candidate are discussed laying the foundation of a successful preclinical development. The most frequent sources of failures are described and risk management at every stage is highly recommended. Organizational factors are also considered to play an important role. The factors to consider before starting a new drug discovery & development project are described, and an example is given of a successful clinical project that has had its roots in local universities and was carried through preclinical development into phase I clinical trials.
文摘Targeted poverty alleviation is a wise and far-reaching basic national policy formulated by the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. It is a strategic project and strategic goal for the Chinese people to completely shake off poverty and backwardness and move towards a prosperous and powerful country,as well as the historical mission of socialism to defeat capitalism. However,targeted poverty alleviation is a grand project involving the entire society. To ensure the ultimate realization of the goal of targeted poverty alleviation,only policies and programs are far from enough. Corresponding legal systems must also be established,which is the fundamental condition for targeted poverty alleviation and sustainable development.
文摘Brain tumors are a diverse group of malignancies that remain refractory to conventional treatment approaches.Molecular neuro-oncologyhas now begun to clarify the transformed phenotype of brain tumors and identify oncogenic pathways that might be amenable to targetedtherapy.Activity of the phosphoinositide 3;kinase(PI3K)/Akt pathway is often upregulated in brain tumors due to excessive stimu-lation by growth factor receptors and Ras.Loss of function of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN also frequently contributesto
文摘The Chinese Academy of Sci-ences (CAS) has begun introducingthe trial implementation of theKnowledge Innovation Program(KIP)in an all-round manner just as,at the beginning of the new century,the state is about to implement itsTenth Five-Year Plan for thecountry’s ongoing economic andsocial development. This will
文摘Renewable energy (RE) has been attached high attention around the world due to its carbon-free and indigenous production in a sustainable way. China enjoys plenty of renewable energy resources, particularly the wind, solar, hydro- and biomass energy, which could be a sound basis for a large-scale exploitation. This report examines the current status of RE technology and industry, analyzes the challenges of promoting RE in China. In order to pave the way for a long-term development of RE, this paper outlines the basic principles and priorities for individual RE technology. In line with these, the paper puts forward the RE targets and further describes the RE road map by 2020, 2030 and extend to 2050, taking consideration of China’s RE resources, industrial basis and energy demand etc. At last, this paper provides some recommendations to ensure the achievements of the RE targets.
文摘This paper presents the guidelines and basic ideas for working out the development plan of new and renewable energy based upon China’s conditions, the foundation of industrialization development, targets of development for year 2000-2015 and the main tasks of industrialization system construction.
文摘There is little or no research initiated on enlightening Nigerians about the pathogenesis,targets for drug development and repositioning for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection.Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a viral infection causing symptoms like dry cough,sore throat,nasal congestion,tiredness,fever,loss of taste,and smell etc.The disease was first reported in Wuhan,China,in December 2019.The infection is caused by SARS-CoV-2,which is the third introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the human population.Coronaviruses are viruses with a positive RNA envelope assigned toα,β,γ,andδgenera.Moreover,SARS-CoV-2 belongs to theβgenus.The four structural proteins ofβcoronavirus are membrane(M),envelope(E),spike(S),and nucleocapsid(N)protein,mediation of coronavirus host infection is established by spike(S)protein.Therefore,the search for drug development targets and repositioning of existing therapeutics is essential for fighting the present pandemic.It was reviewed that therapeutics targeting SARS-CoV-2 binding to ACE2 receptor,viral RNA synthesis and replication,3CLpro,RdRp,and helicase will play a crucial role in the development of treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection.Furthermore,the RdRp and spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 are the most promising targets for drug development and repositioning and vaccine development.Remdesivir combination with chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine are promising drug repositioning for the treatment of COVID-19,and mRNA-1273 targeting spike protein is the promising vaccine.However,as patient management and drug repositioning are taking place,it is imperative to identify other promising targets used by SARS-CoV-2 to establish infection,to develop novel therapeutics.
文摘During the 10th Five-Year, the development of textile machinery will be focused on the general targets of our domestic textile industry-industrial restructuring, technical progress, products upgrading, quality improvement of apparel fabric, replace imported fabric with domestic fabric, and expansion of export. For the benefits of apparel quality, great efforts will be made to improve the technologies in the production process of fiber manufacturing, yarn spinning, fabric weaving, dyeing-printing and finishing, and to encourage the manufacturers to compete both in domestic market and in international market.
基金This article is supported by the“Special Fund Projects for the Construction of World-Class Universities(Disciplines)Characteristic Development Guidance in Central Universities"(No.15XNL004)of Renmin University of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72073135&No.71773134).
文摘Shared development is an important means by which to improve people’s livelihood and well-being in the new era. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016–2020), China has made great achievements in the three major aspects of targeted poverty alleviation through industrial development, development of special rural areas, and equalization of urban and rural infrastructure and basic public services. In addition, the important experience of multi-agent participation, multi-mode guidance, and multi-line promotion has been accumulated in the individual, regional and urbanrural dimensions. However, there remain some deficiencies, such as low policy efficiency, poor matching ability, and prominent structural problems. At the beginning of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021–2025), the task of enriching farmers through sharing has been faced with many challenges, such as major changes in the focus of poverty governance, greater numbers of restraints on the development of special rural areas, and heavy responsibilities of equalizing urban and rural infrastructure and basic public services. Therefore, it is necessary to acquire a profound understanding of the new development concept, and to continuously enrich farmers through sharing in terms of accelerating the improvement of the institutionalized poverty reduction system in the new era, actively building a green development system of agriculture and animal husbandry in special rural areas, and striving to create a fair and complementary urban and rural infrastructure and basic public service system.
