Landslide Developmental Characteristics and Response to Climate Change since the Last Glacial in the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River, NE Tibetan Plateau

The upper reaches of the Yellow River in northeastern Tibetan Plateau are geohazards areas.The evolution of the Yellow River,chronology of some landslides,and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of super large scale and giant landslides within the region are summarized using paleoclimate evidence,and the relationship between the intensive landslide period and climatic changes since the Last Glacial period is analyzed.It is concluded that （1） Super large scale and giant landslides are distributed widely within the region,particularly in the Qunke-Jianzha basin.（2） The chronological sequence of landslides is established by dating the slip zones of landslides and analyzing the relations between landslides and their overlying or underlying loess formations.Five landslide development periods are determined：53-49 ka BP,33-24 ka BP,10-8 ka BP,5-3.5 ka BP,and the present.（3） These correspond closely to warm and wet periods during the last 100,000 years,i.e.,two weak paleosol development stages of Malan loess deposited during the last Glacial period in the Chinese loess Plateau,L1-4 and L1-2 that belong to the marine oxygen isotope stage 3,the last deglaeial period,the Holocene Optimum,and the modern global warming period.（4） Landslide triggers may be closely linked to warm and wet periods related to rapid climatic transitions.

Formation and Developmental Characteristics of A- and B-Type Starch Granules in Wheat Endosperm

Wheat grain natural transverse sections of 12 periods were observed and analyzed using scanning electron micrographs technology and Bio-Quant system IV image analyzer in order to detect the developing process of A- and B-type starch granules. In addition, the chemical composition and starch granule-bound proteins （SGPs） of A- and B-type starch granules were tested and analyzed. The results showed that A-type starch granules in wheat began from 3 d post anthesis （DPA） till grain maturing and B-type starch granules occured after 15 DPA till grain maturing. Approximately 98.5% of chemical compositions in both A- and B-type starch granules were amylose and amylopectin, and more than half of which were amylopectin. The amylopectin contents, average chain length, and chain length distribution （degree of polymerization〉 40） of amylopectin in A-type starch granules were significant higher than that of B-type starch granules. SGP-145, SGP-140, and SGP-26 kD were associated with A-type starch formation in wheat grain.

Evaluation of Perinatal and Developmental Outcomes in Neonates with Abstinence Syndrome Admitted to NICU

Drug abuse by pregnant women is one of the significant problems for mothers and their neonates.This study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal substance use disorder during pregnancy on neonatal developmental criteria.In a case-control study,clinical records of 90 neonates diagnosed with neonatal abstinence syndrome who were admitted to NICU in one of four hospitals affiliated with Shahid-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran,Iran between 2017 and 2020 were compared to 90 neonates without neonatal abstinence syndrome(control group).Demographic information and data for neonatal developmental characteristics and complications were extracted from the clinical records of this convenience sample.Data for the type and method of maternal substance use during pregnancy were collected through a telephone call with mothers.Our data showed that the prevalence of drug addiction was 1.8%among pregnant women,and the most common drugs used by mothers were opium(n=45%,50%),amphetamine(n=30%,33%),and methadone(n=14%,16%).Neonates with abstinence syndrome had a higher prevalence of transient tachypnea of the newborn(TTN)(P=0.004),and a prevalence of being admitted to NICU(P=0.05)and for a longer duration(P<0.001).Their mothers had a higher prevalence of having pre-eclampsia(P=0.010).Using morphine vs.amphetamine showed no difference based on their effects on mothers and neonates.Substance use during pregnancy increased the prevalence of pregnancy complications(pre-eclampsia)and neonatal complications(TTN and prevalence and duration of hospitalization).Therefore,planning for the development of health policies to raise awareness among women and more broadly,all members of the community,is important to prevent the tendency to engage in this potentially high-risk behavior.

Design of Multifunctional Milk Powder Spoon Based on Environment-friendly and Developmental Concept

Recycling of junks is positive for the environmental protection.Along with the proposal of three-child policy,purchase volume of milk powder surely will experience a drastic growth,and the milk powder spoon as an affiliated product will win the attention of parents.Against the background of consumption upgrading,consumers have had higher requirements on the humanization and safety design of products.Most of milk powder spoons on the market are plastic,and the disposal of waste milk powder spoon has gradually become a burden for the environment.Based on the environment-friendly and developmental concept,and also the characteristics of infant development,this paper proposed the“in-one”design,applied color and tactile designs into the milk powder design,chose food grade silicone to make the milk powder spoon not only a spoon but also a baby teether toy,so as to expand the service life and functions of the product,meet the requirements of saving energy,protecting environment and developing circular economy,which also to some extent reduces the burden on environment brought by plastics,improves the efficiency of junk recycling,and meet the individualized needs of consumers.

The Internal Logic and Value Pursuit of Green Development of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

The green development of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a scientific and rational choice based on the development theory of Marxism,reflecting on historical practice and practicing the value pursuit of Communists.Comprehensive understanding and mastering the internal logic and value pursuit of the green development of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era is in favor of upholding and improving the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new situation,implementing the strictest ecological and environmental protection system,and unswervingly taking the path of innovation,coordination,green development,openness and sharing,and providing ideological powers and operational guidance for the construction of a Beautiful China and the modernization of harmonious coexistence between mankind and nature.

Characteristics of China＇s Development in the New Era Explained in Light of Economic Principles

As China entered into a new era of development, the primary contradiction facing Chinese society has also evolved. It is important for both scholars and policymakers to review the characteristics of China's economy in its present stage in accordance with economic principles-principles that reflect every aspect of economic and social life and macroeconomic regulation. In this paper, we attempt to unravel the characteristics of China's new era from three perspectives-historical materialism, dialectic materialism and epistemology, and in light of economic principles at the three levels of resource factors, modes of production and regulation of resource allocation. Based on these perspectives, this paper further identifies the characteristics of China's new era from nine aspects, including globalization, modernization, the primary stage of socialism, new development concepts, supply-side reforms, the guideline of seeking steady progress, the mentality of scope, bottomline mindset and strategic composure. From the three different levels, this paper summarizes and applies economic principles to propose solutions to the problems and challenges facing China in the new era. The findings of the paper are also relevant to implementation of the guidelines CPC Central Committee General Secretary Xi Jinping noted in his report to the 19 th CPC National Congress.

The Development Path for Human Rights with Chinese Characteristics

Like most countries in the world, China supports the ideal of human rights de- picted and advocated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international docu- ments and agrees with the idea that human rights should be universal. However, China also holds that to better realize the common goals of human rights requires that each coun- try explore and find the best and most efficient way in accordance with its own conditions. One of the reasons for the fast development of human rights in China since its reform and opening-up is that China has chosen a development path for human rights according to its own conditions. The path fits the conditions of China and therefore efficiently promotes the realization of universal human rights.

Voluntary Service:Contribute to the Realization of Chinese Dream——on Promoting the Development of Voluntary Service with Chinese Characteristics under New Historical Circumstance

China Volunteer Service Federation is a nationalfederated social organization composed ofvoluntary service organizations and volunteers.Since its founding in more than two years ago,by strengthening cooperation with diversifiedvoluntary service organizations at all levels,promoting the working methods innovationof voluntary service in all sectors and regions,

Power Market Development with Considerations of Characteristics of China Power Sector

The current world trend of electric power industry reform is to establish electric power market and introduce competition mechanism. China is no exception. This paper reviewed the recent industry reform of China’s electric power sector and elaborated the necessity of establishing electric power markets first. Then it discussed the electric power market models in China. Certain important problems and observations relevant to the electric power market design were further pointed out, based on the practice experiences in Sichuan Province.

The Path of Human Rights Development with Chinese Characteristics and the Party's Leadership Development

Driving the development of human rights in China and participating in global human rights governance are the inherent requirements for the development of human rights with Chinese characteristics.To explore a path for the development human rights with Chinese characteristics,the fundamental requirement is to push forward the development of the Party’s leadership in multiple dimensions while adhering to the Party’s leadership.Among them,the Party’s political leadership is the fundamental guarantee for the path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics to move in the right direction.The Party’s ideological leadership provides advanced guidance for the path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics.The Party’s strategic decision-making capability determines the effectiveness of the path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics.The Party’s capability of mobilizing and leading the whole of society and integrating political and social resources is a necessity for a sustainable power supply for the path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics.Establishing a path of human rights development with Chinese characteristics and further promoting respect for and protection of human rights are important actions to advance the Party’s leadership development in the New Era.

Organic matter pores in the chang 7 lacustrine shales from the Ordos Basin and its effect on reflectance measurement

To quantify the pore characteristics of various macerals in Chang 7 lacustrine shales,macerals were effectively identified according to their optical and morphological characteristics,and the nanoscale pore structure of macerals was observed by scanning electron microscope.Meanwhile,the reflectances of different positions in the same pieces of vitrinite or solid bitumen with heterogeneous pores development were measured.The results showed that the average contents of sapropelinite,liptinite,vitrinite,inertinite and solid bitumen are 42.7%,8.7%,13.6%,13.8% and 21.2%,respectively,which suggests that the source of the organic matter of the Chang 7 shales is a mixed source input.The organic pores of Chang 7 shales are enriched,and the pore shapes are mostly round or elliptical.The pore size of organic pores has a wide distribution,mainly concentrate in the range of 100-400 nm,and the average plane porosity of organic pores is 10.13%.The size order of the organic pores in various macerals is:solid bitumen<bituminite<alginite<vitrinite<fusinite<liptinite.The abundance order of organic matter pores of each maceral is as follows:alginite>fusinite>bituminite>solid bitumen>vitrinite>liptinite.OM pores are mainly contributed by bituminite,solid bitumen and fusinite.The plane porosity of bituminite increases with maturity.In the process of thermal evolution,the plane porosity of fusinite is distributed in the two ranges of 20%-28% and 1%-7%.The former is mainly the primary pores of the fusinite itself,and the latter is the secondary pores formed in the thermal evolution.As for the organic pores of other macerals,no obvious thermal evolution law was found.Meanwhile,the surface imperfections of vitrinite or solid bitumen is enhanced by the enrichment of organic pores(an increase in pore size or pore number),which may result in the underestimation of their reflectances.

Reflections on the Cultural Ecology of University Classrooms in the Perspective of Postmodernism

The cultural ecology of university classroom has been influenced by postmodernism and has shown complex and variable characteristics.Specifically speaking,it tends to be both conflicting and interactive in terms of subject relations in the classroom,fragmented and diversified in terms of classroom teaching,and redundant and dynamic in terms of classroom assessment.In order to further harmonize and develop the cultural ecology of university classrooms,it is necessary to expand the space for communication and interaction between teachers and students,improve the overall professional quality of faculty members,and perfect the management and assessment system for university teachers and students.

Development characteristics and controlling factors of fractures in lacustrine shale and their geological significance for evaluating shale oil sweet spots in the third member of the Shahejie Formation in the Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

Natural fractures are critical for shale oil and gas enrichment and development. Due to the extremely high heterogeneity of shale, the factors controlling the formation of internal fractures, especially horizontal fractures, remain controversial. In this study, we integrate thin section analysis and microcomputed tomography(CT) data from several lacustrine shale samples from the third member(Es3) of the Shahejie Formation, Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, to assess the fractures in detail. The goal is to reveal the development characteristics, controlling factors, and geological significance for evaluating sweet spots in a shale oil play. The fractures in the Es3contain high-angle structural and horizontal bed-parallel fractures that are mostly shear and extensional. Various factors influence fracture development,including lithofacies, mineral composition, organic matter content, and the number of laminae. Structural fractures occur predominantly in siltstone, whereas bed-parallel fractures are abundant in laminated shale and layered mudstone. A higher quartz content results in higher shale brittleness, causing fractures, whereas the transformation between clay minerals contributes to the development of bedparallel fractures. Excess pore pressure due to hydrocarbon generation and expulsion during thermal advance can cause the formation of bed-parallel fractures. The density of the bed-parallel and structural fractures increases with the lamina density, and the bed-parallel fractures are more sensitive to the number of laminae. The fractures are critical storage spaces and flow conduits and are indicative of sweet spots. The laminated shale in the Es3with a high organic matter content contains natural fractures and is an organic-rich, liquid-rich, self-sourced shale play. Conversely, the siltstone, massive mudstone, and argillaceous carbonate lithofacies contain lower amounts of organic matter and do not have bed-parallel fractures. However, good reservoirs can form in these areas when structural fractures are present and the source, and storage spaces are separated.

Evaluation technology and practice of continental shale oil development in China

This paper analyzes the differences in geological and development characteristics between continental shale oil in China and marine shale oil in North America, reviews the evaluation methods and technological progress of the continental shale oil development in China, and points out the existing problems and development directions of the continental shale oil development. The research progress of development evaluation technologies such as favorable lithofacies identification, reservoir characterization, mobility evaluation, fracability evaluation, productivity evaluation and geological-mathematical modeling integration are introduced. The efficient exploration and development of continental shale oil in China are faced with many problems, such as weak basic theoretical research, imperfect exploration and development technology system, big gap in engineering technology between China and other countries, and high development cost. Three key research issues must be studied in the future:(1) forming differentiated development technologies of continental shale oil through geological and engineering integrated research;(2) strengthening the application of big data and artificial intelligence to improve the accuracy of development evaluation;(3) tackling enhanced shale oil recovery technology and research effective development method, so as to improve the development effect and benefit.

Production Performance of Different Varieties of Oat A vena sativa) in Winter Dry Land of Hunan

The phenological phase, plant height, filler number, nutritional composition, yield and stem/leaf ratio of three oat （Arena sativa） varieties （lines） in winter dry land of Hunan were studied. The result shows that the three oat varieties were greatly different in plant height, nutritional composition, yield and stem/leaf ratio. Baiyan 7 had the best performance, with the plant height, tiller number and fresh yield of 101.67cm, 7.6 tiller/plant and 70.15 t/hm2 respectively ; the crude protein content of dry matter of Baiyan 7 was 32.63% ; the leaf weight per tiller of Baiyan 7 accounted for 31.6% of single tiller weight, while those of Baiyan 8 and Baiyan 2 accounted for 31.3% and 29.2%, respectively. The single tiller weight of oat could be estimated/calculated by the model/formula Y = 0.043 7X - 2.89 （ R2 = 0.913 4, P 〈 0.01 ）, where Y is the single tiller weight （ g ） and X is the plant height （cm）. Comprehensive analysis showed that Baiyan 7 had higher yields and stem/leaf ratio. Thus, Baiyan 7 is more suitable for planting as a winter-spring forage in the winter dry land of Hunan.

Tectonic development of subtle faults and exploration in mature areas in Bohai Sea,East China

Based on the theory of structural analysis,the characteristics and structural patterns of subtle faults are studied using 3D seismic data of the Bohai Sea to analyze the development process and origin of the subtle faults.A method of identifying subtle faults is proposed,forming a complete system for analyzing origins of subtle faults in the Bohai Sea.The complex strike-slip fault patterns under the strike-slip and extension stress background,diverse formation rocks,and strong neotectonic movement are the reasons for the development of subtle faults.According to the tectonic origin and development location,the subtle faults in Bohai Sea can be divided into 12 types in the three categories of strike slip dominant,extension dominant and strike slip and extension composite,and the different types of subtle faults occur in different regions of the Bohai Sea.Unreasonable variation of sedimentary stratum thickness,inherited distortion or even abrupt change of stratum occurrence,zonation of plane fault combination and the variation of oil-water system in the same structure with no-lithologic change are the important signs for identifying subtle faults in Bohai Sea.The subtle faults greatly enlarge the size of the structural trap groups,and areas with dense subtle faults are often active area of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation and favorable exploration zones,which have strong control on the hydrocarbon accumulation.The identification method for subtle faults has guided the exploration in the mature areas of Bohai Sea effectively,with a number of large and medium oil and gas fields discovered,such as Bozhong 29-6 and Penglai 20-2.

On Public Library Service Brands

This paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the building of public library service brands in China since the initiation of the reform and opening up in 1978 and anticipate their future development in five aspects,i.e.,critical interpretation of its established culture and analysis of its characteristics,logic of the time,vivid practice,virtuous approaches,as well as future development.

Chinese Language Teacher Professional Growth: A Case Study

Chinese language teachers grow with certain characteristics in their professional development.Knowing these characteristics can reveal a teacher’s developmental needs which can inform the teachers and the teacher development facilitators.This case study examines the professional development of one Chinese language teacher that works in a high school in the United States.The Five-Stage Theory is employed to direct the examination of the teacher’s growing path.Findings cover the challenges,efforts to cope with the changes,successes,and failures.

Development Characteristics and Mechanism of Taobao Vil ages in Jiangsu Province Under E-Commerce Economy

With the e-commerce economy spreading to rural areas,Taobao villages in Jiangsu Province present a rapid development trend.This paper firstly summarizes the general development situation of Taobao villages in Jiangsu Province from the three aspects of quantity,product types,and spatial distribution.Then it analyzes the specific development characteristics of different product-based Taobao villages.Finally,from the four angles of industry bases,ecommerce platforms,e-commerce businessmen groups,and logistics support,it explores the driving mechanism of Taobao villages in Jiangsu Province and points out that more and more villages will be involved in the Internet revolution along with the further development of Internet and e-commerce.