Contribution of animal models to the research of the causes of diabetes

In most publications,animal models of diabetes have mainly been investigated for their multiple etiologies as well as for changes leading to diabetes and their genetic derivation.Aspects which seem important and need a special research endeavor are the mechanism of the causes of diabetes and the lapse into complications in different species,their molecular basis and possible arrest and prevention.A concise list and and short discussion of the intensively studied rodents is present ed of spontaneous or nutritional background causing Type 2 diabetes but omitting diabetes evoked by transg enic manipulations or gene knockout techniques.

Recognition and Anticipation of Diabetic Foot Ulcer in Type Ⅱ Diabetic Patients using Multi-layered Fuzzy Model

Diabetes mellitus is associated with foot ulcers,which frequently pave the way to lower-extremity amputation.Neuropathy,trauma,deformity,high plantar pressures,and peripheral vascular disease are the most common underlying causes.Around 15%of diabetic patients are affected by diabetic foot ulcer in their lifetime.64 million people are affected by diabetics in India and 40000 amputations are done every year.Foot ulcers are evaluated and classified in a systematic and thorough manner to assist in determining the best course of therapy.This paper proposes a novel model which predicts the threat of diabetic foot ulcer using independent agents for various input values and a combination of fuzzy expert systems.The proposed model uses a classification system to distinguish between each fuzzy framework and its parameters.Based on the severity levels necessary prevention,treatment,and medication are recommended.Combining the results of all the fuzzy frameworks derived from its constituent parameters,a risk-specific medication is recommended.The work also has higher accuracy when compared to other related models.

Optimizing diabetic kidney disease animal models:Insights from a meta-analytic approach

Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is a prevalent complication of diabetes,often leading to end-stage renal disease.Animal models have been widely used to study the pathogenesis of DKD and evaluate potential therapies.However,current animal models often fail to fully capture the pathological characteristics of renal injury observed in clinical patients with DKD.Additionally,modeling DKD is often a time-consuming,costly,and labor-intensive process.The current review aims to summarize modeling strategies in the establishment of DKD animal models by utilizing meta-analysis related methods and to aid in the optimization of these models for future research.A total of 1215 articles were retrieved with the keywords of“diabetic kidney disease”and“animal experiment”in the past 10 years.Following screening,84 articles were selected for inclusion in the meta-analysis.Review manager 5.4.1 was employed to analyze the changes in blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,total cholesterol,triglyceride,serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,and urinary albumin excretion rate in each model.Renal lesions shown in different models that were not suitable to be included in the metaanalysis were also extensively discussed.The above analysis suggested that combining various stimuli or introducing additional renal injuries to current models would be a promising avenue to overcome existing challenges and limitations.In conclusion,our review article provides an in-depth analysis of the limitations in current DKD animal models and proposes strategies for improving the accuracy and reliability of these models that will inspire future research efforts in the DKD research field.

Effects of exercise on brain functions in diabetic animal models

Human life span has dramatically increased over several decades,and the quality of life has been considered to be equally important.However,diabetes mellitus(DM) characterized by problems related to insulin secretion and recognition has become a serious health problem in recent years that threatens human health by causing decline in brain functions and finally leading to neurodegenerative diseases.Exercise is recognized as an effective therapy for DM without medication administration.Exercise studiesusing experimental animals are a suitable option to overcome this drawback,and animal studies have improved continuously according to the needs of the experimenters.Since brain health is the most significant factor in human life,it is very important to assess brain functions according to the different exercise conditions using experimental animal models.Generally,there are two types of DM; insulin-dependent type 1 DM and an insulin-independent type 2 DM(T2DM); however,the author will mostly discuss brain functions in T2 DM animal models in this review.Additionally,many physiopathologic alterations are caused in the brain by DM such as increased adiposity,inflammation,hormonal dysregulation,uncontrolled hyperphagia,insulin and leptin resistance,and dysregulation of neurotransmitters and declined neurogenesis in the hippocampus and we describe how exercise corrects these alterations in animal models.The results of changes in the brain environment differ according to voluntary,involuntary running exercises and resistance exercise,and gender in the animal studies.These factors have been mentioned in this review,and this review will be a good reference for studying how exercise can be used with therapy for treating DM.

Effect of bariatric surgery on metabolism in diabetes and obesity comorbidity:Insight from recent research

Obesity is a prevalent cause of diabetes mellitus(DM)and is a serious danger to human health.Type 2 DM(T2DM)mostly occurs along with obesity.Foodborne obesity-induced DM is caused by an excessive long-term diet and surplus energy.Bariatric surgery can improve the symptoms of T2DM in some obese patients.But different types of bariatric surgery may have different effects.There are some models built by researchers to discuss the surgical procedures’effects on me-tabolism in diabetes animal models and diabetes patients.It is high time to conclude all this effects and recommend procedures that can better improve metabolism.

Progress in experimental models to investigate the in vivo and in vitro antidiabetic activity of drugs

Diabetes mellitus is one of the world's most prevalent and complex metabolic disorders,and it is a rapidly growing global public health issue.It is characterized by hyperglycemia,a condition involving a high blood glucose level brought on by deficiencies in insulin secretion,decreased activity of insulin,or both.Prolonged effects of diabetes include cardiovascular problems,retinopathy,neuropathy,nephropathy,and vascular alterations in both macro-and micro-blood vessels.In vivo and in vitro models have always been important for investigating and characterizing disease pathogenesis,identifying targets,and reviewing novel treatment options and medications.Fully understanding these models is crucial for the researchers so this review summarizes the different experimental in vivo and in vitro model options used to study diabetes and its consequences.The most popular in vivo studies involves the small animal models,such as rodent models,chemically induced diabetogens like streptozotocin and alloxan,and the possibility of deleting or overexpressing a specific gene by knockout and transgenic technologies on these animals.Other models include virally induced models,diet/nutrition induced diabetic animals,surgically induced models or pancreatectomy models,and non-obese models.Large animals or non-rodent models like porcine(pig),canine(dog),nonhuman primate,and Zebrafish models are also outlined.The in vitro models discussed are murine and human beta-cell lines and pancreatic islets,human stem cells,and organoid cultures.The other enzymatic in vitro tests to assess diabetes include assay of amylase inhibition and inhibition ofα-glucosidase activity.

Developments in the study of Chinese herbal medicine's assessment index and action mechanism for diabetes mellitus

In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),based on various pathogenic symptoms and the‘golden chamber’medical text,Huangdi Neijing,diabetes mellitus falls under the category‘collateral disease’.TCM,with its wealth of experience,has been treating diabetes for over two millennia.Different antidiabetic Chinese herbal medicines re-duce blood sugar,with their effective ingredients exerting unique advantages.As well as a glucose lowering effect,TCM also regulates bodily functions to prevent diabetes associated complications,with reduced side effects compared to western synthetic drugs.Chinese herbal medicine is usually composed of polysaccharides,saponins,al-kaloids,flavonoids,and terpenoids.These active ingredients reduce blood sugar via various mechanism of actions that include boosting endogenous insulin secretion,enhancing insulin sensitivity and adjusting key enzyme activity and scavenging free radicals.These actions regulate glycolipid metabolism in the body,eventually achiev-ing the goal of normalizing blood glucose.Using different animal models,a number of molecular markers are available for the detection of diabetes induction and the molecular pathology of the disease is becoming clearer.Nonetheless,there is a dearth of scientific data about the pharmacology,dose-effect relationship,and structure-activity relationship of TCM and its constituents.Further research into the efficacy,toxicity and mode of action of TCM,using different metabolic and molecular markers,is key to developing novel TCM antidiabetic formulations.

Protective effect and possible mechanisms of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies

Objective:To explore the protective effect and potential mechanisms of danshen root(Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.,S.miltiorrhiza) and its extracts for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DN).Methods:Preclinical studies of S.miltiorrhiza and its extracts on DN were systematically searched in nine databases.The primary outcomes were blood glucose,kidney function,proteinuria,and renal histopathology.The secondary outcomes included the related mechanisms.The methodological quality of animal studies was assessed based on the risk of bias tool of the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation(SYRCLE) for animal studies.Meta-analysis was performed using R software(version 4.1.2).Results:Twenty-nine animal experimental studies that met the eligibility criteria were included in this study.Compared to the control group,S.miltiorrhiza reduced the serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,24-h urine protein,24-h urine albumin,blood glucose,and kidney index(kidney weight/body weight),and alleviated renal pathological damage.In terms of the mechanism of action,compared to the control group,S.miltiorrhiza reduced the levels of transforming growth factor β1,collagen Ⅳ,malondialdehyde,tumor necrosis factor α,interleukin-6,and monocyte/macrophage(ED-1),and increased the levels of superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase,nuclear factor E2-related factor 2,and heme oxygenase-1.Conclusion:The existing evidence shows that S.miltiorrhiza has beneficial effects on the animal model of DN,and its mechanism is mainly related to improving kidney fibrosis,oxidative stress,and inflammatory response.

Adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy can serve as a model for diabetic cardiomyopathy ——a hypothesis

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is one of the life threatening complications of diabetes. A number of animal models are being used for studying diabetic cardiomyopathy. In laboratory animal models, induction of cardiomyopathy happens in two stages: first being the induction of diabetic condition and the second being the induction of cardiomyopathy by prolonging diabetic condition. It takes a longer time to develop diabetes with the limited success rate for development of cardiomyopathy. Adriamycin is an effective anticancer drug limited by its major side-effect cardiomyopathy. A number of features of Adriamycin treatment mimics diabetes. We postulate that Adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy might be used as a model system to study diabetic cardiomyopathy in rodents since a number of features of both the cardiomyopathies overlap. Left ventricular hypertrophy, systolic and diastolic dysfunction, myofibrillar loss, and fibrosis are hallmarks of both of the cardiomyopathies. At the molecular level, calcium signaling, endoplasmic reticulum stress, advance glycation endproduct activation, mitochondrial dysfunction,inflammation, lipotoxicity and oxidative stress are similar in both the cardiomyopathies.The signature profile of both the cardiomyopathies shares commonalities. In conclusion,we suggest that Adriamycin induced cardiomyopathic animal model can be used for studying diabetic cardiomyopathy and would save time for researchers working on cardiomyopathy developed in rodent using the traditional method.

Establishment of blood glucose control model in diabetic mice

AIM:To explore the established method of the diabetic mouse blood glucose control model and preliminar y observation of its influence on the retinas of diabetic mice.METHODS:The db/db BKS-DB(Lepr^(ko/ko))mice were randomly divided into two groups:the poor blood glucose control group(PG group,n=18)and the stable blood glucose control group(SG group,n=12),with BKS-DB(Lepr^(wt/wt))as the normal blood glucose control group(NG group,n=18).According to the blood glucose values for 5 intervals which were monitored during the period of adaption,the PG group was injected with insulin aspart twice daily,fasted for 2h and then returned to normal.The SG group was injected with insulin aspart twice and insulin glargine once daily and fed with a quantitative ration.Fundus images were collected after eight weeks.The glycosylated hemoglobin(Hb A1c),mean blood glucose level(MBG),standard deviation of blood glucose(SDBG),coefficient of variation of blood glucose(CVBG),and mean amplitude of glycemic excursion(MAGE)in each group were examined and calculated.RESULTS:The Hb A1c,MBG,SDBG,CVBG,and MAGE levels in the PG group were significantly higher than those in the NG and SG groups(all P<0.05).MBG,SDBG,CVBG,and MAGE levels in the SG group were higher than those in the NG group(all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in Hb A1c levels between the NG and SG groups(P>0.05).Preliminary observation of fundus images in the PG group and SG groups showed scattered retinal bleeding spots,while bleeding was more obvious in the PG group.CONCLUSION:The blood glucose control model of type 2 diabetes mellitus mice can be successfully established by subcutaneous injection of insulin aspart insulin glargine and rationed food,which is valuable for studying the mechanism of blood glucose fluctuations in diabetic complications in vivo.

Diabetes and cognitive decline:Challenges and future direction

There is growing evidence that diabetes can induce cognitive decline and dementia.It is a slow,progressive cognitive decline that can occur in any age group,but is seen more frequently in older individuals.Symptoms related to cognitive decline are worsened by chronic metabolic syndrome.Animal models are frequently utilized to elucidate the mechanisms of cognitive decline in diabetes and to assess potential drugs for therapy and prevention.This review addresses the common factors and pathophysiology involved in diabetes-related cognitive decline and outlines the various animal models used to study this condition.

Molecular mechanisms of Buqing granule for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy:Network pharmacology analysis and experimental validation

BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus.Its blindness rate is high;therefore,finding a reasonable and safe treatment plan to prevent and control DR is crucial.Currently,there are abundant and diverse research results on the treatment of DR by Chinese medicine Traditional Chinese medicine compounds are potentially advantageous for DR prevention and treatment because of its safe and effective therapeutic effects.AIM To investigate the effects of Buqing granule(BQKL)on DR and its mechanism from a systemic perspective and at the molecular level by combining network pharmacology and in vivo experiments.METHODS This study collected information on the drug targets of BQKL and the therapeutic targets of DR for intersecting target gene analysis and protein-protein interactions(PPI),identified various biological pathways related to DR treatment by BQKL through Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses,and preliminarily validated the screened core targets by molecular docking.Furthermore,we constructed a diabetic rat model with a high-fat and high-sugar diet and intraperitoneal streptozotocin injection,and administered the appropriate drugs for 12 weeks after the model was successfully induced.Body mass and fasting blood glucose and lipid levels were measured,and pathological changes in retinal tissue were detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining.ELISA was used to detect the oxidative stress index expression in serum and retinal tissue,and immunohistochemistry,real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR,and western blotting were used to verify the changes in the expression of core targets.RESULTS Six potential therapeutic targets of BQKL for DR treatment,including Caspase-3,c-Jun,TP53,AKT1,MAPK1,and MAPK3,were screened using PPI.Enrichment analysis indicated that the MAPK signaling pathway might be the core target pathway of BQKL in DR treatment.Molecular docking prediction indicated that BQKL stably bound to these core targets.In vivo experiments have shown that compared with those in the Control group,rats in the Model group had statistically significant(P<0.05)severe retinal histopathological damage;elevated blood glucose,lipid,and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels;increased Caspase-3,c-Jun,and TP53 protein expression;and reduced superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)levels,ganglion cell number,AKT1,MAPK1,and MAPK3 protein expression.Compared with the Model group,BQKL group had reduced histopathological retinal damage and the expression of blood glucose and lipids,MDA level,Caspase-3,c-Jun and TP53 proteins were reduced,while the expression of SOD,GSH-Px level,the number of ganglion cells,AKT1,MAPK1,and MAPK3 proteins were elevated.These differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION BQKL can delay DR onset and progression by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses and regulating Caspase-3,c-Jun,TP53,AKT1,MAPK1,and MAPK3 proteins in the MAPK signaling pathway mediates these alterations.

Ⅱ型胶原蛋白与弗氏完全佐剂大鼠关节炎模型的建立和比较

目的对Ⅱ型胶原蛋白（ＣⅡ－Ａ）和弗氏完全佐剂（Ａ－Ａ）大鼠关节炎模型在大体外观和足部组织病理学切片等方面进行观察比较。方法分别采用Ⅱ型胶原蛋白和弗氏完全佐剂诱导建立大鼠关节炎模型，利用排水法对大鼠足部体积进行测定，并将大鼠后足进行组织病理学切片观察。结果从大体外观和足部病理切片上两种大鼠模型均显示出有明显的病变，但ＣⅡ－Ａ大鼠与Ａ－Ａ大鼠比较，滑膜增生及软骨破坏等继发性病变特征更为明显，关节炎持续时间也较长，更接近于人的类风湿性关节炎。结论ＣⅡ－Ａ大鼠模型与Ａ－Ａ相比是研究ＲＡ较为理想的动物模型。

糖尿病肾病模型:动物模型、二维细胞模拟及三维类器官模型

背景:近几年来,人类多能干细胞衍生的肾类器官及糖尿病肾病啮齿动物模型取得了一定的进展。然而,由于糖尿病肾病发病受环境因素及遗传因素共同作用,发病机制复杂,并且对于此类患者的临床治疗方法需要因人而异。因此,需要开发更灵活和综合的方法,从而发现强有力的临床前证据,以支持对糖尿病肾病患者进行更有针对性的干预。目的:从动物模型、二维细胞培养模拟及三维类器官模型等方面综述了糖尿病肾病模型的研究进展,为进一步的研究提供线索和思路。方法:以“糖尿病,糖尿病肾病,糖尿病肾病模型,糖尿病肾病动物模型,类器官,肾脏类器官,糖尿病肾病细胞模型,糖尿病肾病病证结合动物模型”为中文检索词,“Diabetes,diabetic nephropathy,diabetic kidney diseases,diabetic nephropathy models,diabetic nephropathy animal models,organoids,diabetic and organoids,diabetic and kidney organoids,kidney organoids,diabetic nephropathy cell models,diabetic nephropathy syndrome combined animal models”为英文检索词,检索中国知网及PubMed数据库,最终纳入101篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:糖尿病肾病体内模型和体外模型是深入研究糖尿病肾病发病机制的有力工具。动物模型可以观察到多系统之间的相互作用;二维细胞培养操作简便且成本较低;新兴的肾类器官填补了二维和整体水平之间的空白,无种属差异且一定程度模拟了人肾脏的复杂性。随着类器官技术的不断发展,肾类器官有望为探索糖尿病肾病的发病机制、病理生理过程和药物筛选提供一个新的视角。

三个品系小型猪Ⅱ型糖尿病模型的比较研究

目的比较三个品系小型猪对高糖高脂饲料诱发Ⅱ型糖尿病模型的敏感性，为我国小型猪在Ⅱ型糖尿病研究中的应用提供基础资料。方法4～5月龄巴马小型猪、五指山小型猪和中国农大小型猪各6头，以4头中国农大小型猪为对照，同步开展高糖高脂饲料喂养试验，试验周期8个月。每月称1次体重，测定血糖、血清胰岛素含量，每2个月进行1次静脉葡萄糖耐量试验（IVGTT），测定脂质代谢相关指标。结果巴马小型猪和五指山小型猪对高糖、高脂饲料比较敏感，在饲喂5～6个月后，开始出现糖代谢异常，表现为显著肥胖、血清胰岛素升高和胰岛素敏感性下降。至实验后8个月，巴马小型猪和五指山小型猪各有1头发展为糖尿病，分别有3头和2头出现糖尿病前期症状。中国农大小型猪对高糖高脂饲料诱发糖尿病相对不敏感，实验期间空腹血糖水平、血清胰岛素含量、胰岛素敏感指数和IvGlTr一直无显著变化，仅在实验后7个月开始表现肥胖，8个月出现胰岛素敏感性减低。三个品系小型猪在高糖高脂饲喂后，血脂相关指标（TG，CHO，HDL-C，LDL-C）普遍升高，以巴马小型猪升高幅度最大。结论巴马小型猪和五指山小型猪对高糖、高脂饲料诱发Ⅱ型糖尿病比较敏感，品系内个体差异较大。中国农大小型猪相对不敏感。这一结果为进一步的Ⅱ型糖尿病相关基因分析和高敏感家系培育研究提供了基础资料。

心肌梗死大鼠心肌成纤维细胞对血管紧张素Ⅱ的反应性

为了研究梗死心肌成纤维细胞对血管紧张素Ⅱ的反应性 ,应用酶法分离、培养经卡托普利和洛沙坦干预后的成年大鼠梗死心肌成纤维细胞 ,检测在不同处理因素下 ,血管紧张素Ⅱ对培养的成纤维细胞的3H 胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷、1 4C 尿嘧啶核苷和3H 脯氨酸掺入率的影响。结果发现 ,在相同浓度血管紧张素Ⅱ (10 7mol L)的作用下 ,对照组的成纤维细胞对上述三种底物的掺入率均显著高于假手术组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;而卡托普利和洛沙坦两干预组分别与假手术组相比 ,均无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。血管紧张素Ⅱ的上述作用均不能被血管紧张素Ⅱ 1型受体阻滞剂洛沙坦完全阻断 ,但能被血管紧张素Ⅱ特异性拮抗剂 (1.8血管紧张素Ⅱ和血管紧张素抗肽 )完全阻断。结果提示 ,血管紧张素Ⅱ可直接作用于非梗死区心肌的成纤维细胞 ,促进成纤维细胞的DNA、RNA和蛋白质合成 ;介导血管紧张素Ⅱ对成纤维细胞作用除血管紧张素Ⅱ 1型受体外 ,还有其他因素参与。长期应用卡托普利可显著降低心肌梗死后心肌成纤维细胞对血管紧张素Ⅱ的反应性 。

实验性糖尿病肾病大鼠模型建立的优化选择Ⅱ

目的比较几种不同因素组合对大鼠实验性糖尿病肾病(DN)模型建立中几种主要指标的影响,确定建立DN大鼠模型的最佳方案。方法SD大鼠30只,随机分为5组,每组6只,A组为正常对照组,B组为高糖高脂饲料组,C组为高糖高脂饲料+链脲佐菌素(STZ)组,D组为高糖高脂饲料+阿霉素+STZ组,E组为高糖高脂饲料+单肾切除+STZ组。造模12wk后处死大鼠,取血测血脂、糖化血红蛋白、肾功能、醛糖还原酶(AR)、肾小球滤过率(GFR)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及丙二醛(MDA)等各项指标。结果E组大鼠血脂明显升高,GFR及氧自由基水平不仅与正常组有显著差异,并且与其它几个模型组比较也都有显著性差异,尤以AR升高显著。结论以大鼠喂养高糖高脂饲料4wk后单肾切除,2wk后小剂量腹腔注射STZ的模型为最佳。

Ⅱ型糖尿病神经病理性痛大鼠模型的建立

目的:建立Ⅱ型糖尿病神经病理性痛大鼠模型。方法:60只SD大鼠随机分为:A组(对照组,即普通饲料组,n=10),B组(实验组,即高脂高糖组,n=50)。A组以普通饲料喂养,8周后单次空腹腹腔注射柠檬酸缓冲液。B组高脂高糖喂养8周诱发胰岛素抵抗,继以不同剂量链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin,STZ,30 mg/kg、35 mg/kg、40 mg/kg)腹腔注射1次,于不同时间点分别测体重、血糖、胰岛素,计算胰岛素敏感性、机械缩足阈值和热缩足潜伏期的变化。结果:高脂高糖饮食8周,模型组大鼠体重明显增加,空腹胰岛素浓度升高,胰岛素敏感性下降,机械缩足阈值和热缩足潜伏期无变化,血糖未升高。注射STZ后,30 mg/kg剂量组血糖升高但不能长期维持;40 mg/kg剂量组血糖较高,死亡率高;35 mg/kg剂量组血糖中度升高且相对稳定,胰岛素浓度和胰岛素敏感性均降低,其机械缩足阈值和热缩足潜伏期均低于基础值和对照组(P<0.05)。结论:高脂高糖饲料喂养8周后联合腹腔注射STZ 35 mg/kg可以建立理想的Ⅱ型糖尿病神经病理性痛大鼠模型。

Ⅱ型糖尿病动物模型的构建

动物模型在Ⅱ型糖尿病研究中发挥重要作用,对于深入研究糖尿病及其并发症的发病、预防、诊断和治疗有重要意义。本文就Ⅱ型糖尿病动物模型的构建进行了概述,对发展新型构建糖尿病模型的方法具有重要的参考价值。

鸡Ⅱ型胶原诱导的类风湿关节炎大鼠模型的建立

目的以鸡Ⅱ型胶原皮内免疫Wistar大鼠,建立类风湿关节炎的大鼠模型。方法用鸡Ⅱ型胶原和完全弗氏佐剂于大鼠皮内注射免疫,自大鼠发病起,观察大鼠的踝关节部位的肿胀,毛色及运动状态;用ELISA法检测大鼠血清中抗Ⅱ型胶原抗体水平;采用X线摄片、病理组织学等方法进行大鼠病理学特征分析。结果ELISA结果提示实验组大鼠血清中抗Ⅱ型胶原抗体水平较正常对照组明显高(P<0.001);与正常对照组相比,实验组大鼠脚踝与脚趾有明显的肿胀;X线摄片结果和病理学分析结果显示,实验组大鼠的关节组织呈现典型的关节病变的特征。结论本实验成功建立了鸡Ⅱ型胶原诱导的类风湿关节炎大鼠模型。Ⅱ型胶原诱导的类风湿关节炎大鼠模型的病理学特征与人类RA极为相似,为更好的研究人类RA的发病机制及其治疗研究提供了一个良好的动物模型。