Quantitative and Qualitative Investigation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing Protocols for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective:To analyze the implementation status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)nursing protocols for type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:Totally 420 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were given TCM nursing protocols by syndrome differentiation.A quantitative and qualitative investigation was conducted to patients who received TCM nursing and nurses who performed TCM nursing techniques.Results:According to the self-evaluation outcomes of patients,TCM nursing protocols were effective to relieve polydipsia,polyuria,fatigue and other symptoms.Patients exhibited a high level of compliance with nursing techniques such as auricular point pressing,acupoint massage,Chinese herbal foot-bath and moxibustion.The interview showed that patients could benefit from the TCM nursing protocols,and nurses considered that application of TCM nursing protocols could enhance their awareness of TCM knowledge and practice skills.Conclusion:The application of TCM nursing protocols is effective to relieve clinical symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus.It can also improve the knowledge level and practice skills of nurses in TCM hospitals.

Analysis of the Effects on Self-Efficacy and Quality of Life of Patients Undergoing Coronary Intervention by Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing Combined with Refined Nursing

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects on self-efficacy and quality of life in patients undergoing coronary intervention, by traditional Chinese medicine nursing combined with refined nursing. METHODS: A total of 124 patients, who needed to undergo coronary intervention in our hospital, were randomly divided into the fine group and the combined group, with 62 patients in each group. The two groups of patients were enrolled in the PCI routine nursing procedure, in which the fine group was given refined nursing, and the joint group, based on that, added the traditional Chinese medicine nursing. The self-management (self-management scale of coronary heart disease), self-efficacy (self-efficacy scale of coronary heart disease), quality of life score (Seattle angina questionaire (SAQ), TCM symptom score] of the two groups were observed before and after treatment. The incidence of postoperative complications after nursing intervention was recorded. RESULTS: After nursing intervention, each score and total scores of the self-administration scale of the combined group were higher than those of the fine group (P < 0.05). After the nursing intervention, each score and the total scores of the self-efficacy scale of the combined group were higher than the fine group (P < 0.05) After the nursing intervention, the SAQ score of the combined group was significantly higher than that of the fine group (P < 0.05). After the nursing intervention, TCM symptom score of the combined group was significantly lower than that of the fine group (P < 0.05). After nursing intervention, the postoperative complication rate of the combined group was 79.03%, which was lower than that of the fine group (59.68%)(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients with coronary intervention, who use traditional Chinese medicine combined with refined nursing, can improve their quality of life, clinical symptoms and postoperative complications by improving their self-management and efficacy, which is conducive to the recovery of patients' follow-up.

Evaluating the confidence level of Traditional Chinese Medicine in nursing undergraduates at Chinese medical university

Objective:To observe the confidence level prevailing with regard to the practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)among undergraduate nursing students who have undertaken TCM courses at Shanxi Medical University.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted at Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine.A questionnaire survey was administered through the Questionnaire Star website(https://www.questionstar.com/).The confidence level was examined from 6 aspects,namely cognition of TCM culture and theory,advantages and characteristics of TCM diagnosis and treatment,feelings about TCM achievements,personal behaviors related to TCM,attitudes toward Western medicine,and the future of TCM.The mean score of the observed items was calculated,and was found to be positively related to the confidence level concerning TCM(the score was between 1 and 5).Results:A total of 120 participants voluntarily enrolled themselves in the study.The results showed that the mean score of observed items were generally about 4.A relatively strong confidence was shown in understating TCM advantages and characteristics in diagnosis and treatment,and also in feelings toward TCM achievements.Conclusions:The majority of nursing undergraduates had confidence in TCM.However,some aspects such as the understanding of TCM culture and the correlation between TCM and Western medicine may need to be improved through education.

Prevention of violence risk and interventions of Chinese and western medicine nursing on emotion

Accumulation of bad emotion with patients and their relations added violence risk.Workplace violence of nursing is an acute injury to nurse,and long-term threats and challenges to their physical and mental health and professional values. It also has an potential problem on parties negotiate the settlement of medical disputes,as well as boosting reform of national health system.Identifying and managing patients' emotion has positive impact on doubts and resentments elimination,anger escalation avoidance,violence prevention. This study proposed emotional intervention program in terms of traditional Chinese medicine and modern nursing care,which based on introducing the research status on nursing workplace violence. The purpose is to culture the ability of patients' self-identification and emotions regulation,take effective protective measure. The research provides the reference on perfecting the medical security system and related policy research.

A study of medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of pre diabetes based on data mining

Background:To summarize the concerted application and prescription rules of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of pre diabetes.Methods:Microsoft Excel 2010 was used to summarize the categories,nature,flavour and channel tropism of drugs.The cluster analysis of high-frequency drugs was carried out by SPSS 22.0,and the association rules of high-frequency drugs were analyzed by Apriori algorithm provided by SPSS modeler 14.0.Results:One hundred and forty-six references were included,including 153 prescriptions and 131 drugs.Their frequency of use is listed in the following order.The top 3 categories of drugs were“Tonifying,Heat-Clearing”,diuresis and“Diffusing Dampness”drugs.The top 5 drugs were Huangqi(Astragali radix),Fuling(Poria),Huanglian(Coptidis rhizoma),Shanyao(Dioscoreae rhizoma),Gegen(Puerariae lobatae radix).The top 3 channel tropism of drugs were spleen,stomach and lung.The top 3 nature of drugs were cold,warm and calm.The top 3 flavour of drugs were sweet,bitter and pungent.The cluster analysis of high-frequency drugs showed that it could be classified into 4 categories:“Benefiting Qi”for promoting production of fluid,“Clearing Heat”and“Eliminating Dampness”,“Nourishing Yin”and“Clearing Heat”,and“Invigorating Spleen”for“Diffusing Dampness”.The results of association rule analysis showed that the combination with the highest degree of confidence and support was Poria-Chenpi(Citri reticulatae pericarpium)-Banxia(Pinelliae rhizoma)-Baizhu(Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizoma)and the combination with the highest frequency was Astragali radix-Puerariae lobatae radix.Conclusion:The pre diabetes is due to deficiency.The disease location is spleen and stomach and the pathological factor is phlegm-damp,that is why benefiting qi and invigorating spleen is regarded as the key link of clinical treatment.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy： A literature review

目前，糖尿病周围神经病变（diabetic peripheral neuropathy, DPN）仍旧缺乏统一有效的治疗手段，而以辨证论治为特点的中医技术（如中药制剂、针刺、熏蒸）则被视为DPN潜在的有效治疗方法。中医护理技术是在中医理论的基础上发展而来的照护手段，其对DPN的照护不仅包括针灸、穴位敷贴等疗法的应用，而且还涉及到患者饮食及情绪的调护，其最终目的在于促进DPN患者皮肤和神经末梢的恢复。本文通过总结近年来国内外有关DPN的中医护理研究成果，以期为DPN的治疗提供参考。

Efficacy of combining traditional Chinese medicine fumigation with Western medicine for diabetic peripheral neuropathy:A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective:A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of supplementing Western medicine with Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)fumigation in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Methods:The China Biomedical Literature,Chinese full-text periodical,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang,PubMed,EMbase,and Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials published from inception through May 2015.The methodological quality of eligible studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk Bias Assessment tool,and summarized effects were calculated using Reviewer Manager 5.1 software.Subgroup analysis was conducted based on the duration of intervention.Results:The initial search identified 312 relevant studies,of which 40 randomized controlled trials involving 3497 patients were eligible for analysis.The results indicated that TCM fumigation significantly improved the curative effects[risk ratio(RR)=1.34,95%CI(confidence interval):1.29e1.39],common peroneal motor nerve conduction velocity[standard mean difference(SMD)=2.93,95%CI:2.26e3.61],common peroneal sensory nerve conduction velocity(SMD=2.23,95%CI:1.46e3.01),and plasma viscosity(SMD=1.02,95%CI:1.35e0.69)compared to Western medicine alone(all p<0.01).A subgroup analysis indicated that the curative effects were significant after 15 days(RR=1.31,95%CI:1.21e1.42),30 days(RR=1.33,95%CI:1.26e1.40),and 60 days(RR=1.50,95%CI:1.32e1.71)of combined treatment(all p<0.01).

中医特色护理门诊医护协作出诊实践分析

目的 探讨脾胃病专科中医特色护理门诊医护协作出诊开展的可行性及成效。方法 运用医院选拔原则确定出诊护师,与专科医师合作开设脾胃病专科中医特色护理门诊。通过对2023年医护协作出诊和2019年护师单独出诊的脾胃病专科中医特色护理门诊就诊患者进行问卷调查,分析对医疗护理服务的满意度。结果 脾胃病专科中医特色护理门诊医护协作出诊开展以来,护理门诊量由2019年的35人次/月上升到2023年的148人次/月,出诊时间由2019年的1次/周增设至2023年的3次/周。2023年护理门诊医护协作出诊的就诊患者对医疗护理服务的满意度高于2019年护师单独出诊,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 脾胃病专科中医特色护理门诊医护协作出诊的开展,拓展了中医护理服务内涵,满足患者日益增长的个体化、多元化需求,提高患者对医疗护理服务的满意度。

1例腰椎间盘突出症患者的医护一体化中医护理查房

总结1例腰椎间盘突出患者的医护一体化中医护理查房实践经验。分析患者临床资料,由责任护士汇报病例,医生分析病情,医护联合对重点护理内容进行讨论,协同制定护理措施。通过医护一体化查房,医护之间专业互补,重建医、护、患三位一体的治疗和护理模式,达到实施整体护理的效果。

中医情志护理结合早期康复干预在胫骨骨折患者中的效果及对应激障碍的影响

目的探析胫骨骨折患者采用中医情志护理配合早期康复干预的效果及对应激障碍的影响。方法选取2021年5月至2022年5月江西中医药大学附属医院收治的58例胫骨骨折患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组(29例)和观察组(29例)。对照组采用早期康复护理,观察组结合中医情志护理。比较两组的应激障碍评分、康复指标、并发症发生率。结果观察组治疗后应激障碍评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组骨折愈合时间、住院时间低于对照组,膝关节功能(Rasmussen)评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组干预前屈曲度、伸展度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组干预后膝关节屈曲度大于对照组、伸展度小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组关节僵硬、切口感染、深静脉血栓总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中医情志护理配合早期康复干预应用在胫骨骨折护理干预中效果明显,可有效减轻患者应激障碍,促使患者病情康复,有效防止并发症发生,临床上可借鉴及推广。

中西医结合护理对糖尿病肾病患者血糖水平和心理状态的影响

目的探讨中西医结合护理对糖尿病肾病患者血糖水平和心理状态的改善效果。方法将2021年1月至2022年12月滨州医学院附属医院收治的80例糖尿病肾病患者纳入研究,并回顾性分析其一般资料,按护理方法的不同,将患者分为对照组(40例)和观察组(40例)。对照组患者和观察组患者分别接受2周的常规护理和中西医结合护理。对比2组患者的血糖控制情况、心理状态及生活质量。结果护理前,2组间空腹血糖水平、餐后2 h血糖水平、糖化血红蛋白水平,焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分,以及世界卫生组织生活质量测定简表(WHOQOL-BREF)评分经对比,均无统计学差异(P均>0.05)。经过2周的护理,与对照组相比,观察组的上述血糖指标水平以及SAS评分和SDS评分均更低,同时观察组的WHOQOL-BREF各维度评分均更高(P均<0.05)。结论中西医结合护理可降低糖尿病肾病患者的血糖水平,改善其心理状态和生活质量。

医护一体化康复护理对老年糖尿病患者生活质量、血糖水平的影响效果观察

目的 研究老年糖尿病患者接受医护一体化康复护理的干预效果。方法 选取2021年8月—2022年8月泉州市第一医院收治的120例老年糖尿病患者作为研究对象,将其用随机数表法分为两组,对照组与观察组,各60例,分别采用常规护理、医护一体化康复护理,比较两组护理前后患者的生活质量与血糖水平变化情况。结果 两组护理8周后患者的生活质量评分均高于护理前,且观察组均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理8周后两组患者的各项血糖值均小于护理前,且观察组均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 对老年糖尿病患者实施医护一体化康复护理的干预效果显著,既可以降低患者的血糖水平,又可以提高其生活质量,综合优势显著。

老年糖尿病病人衰弱现状及影响因素

目的:了解老年糖尿病病人衰弱现状,并分析其影响因素。方法:采用便利抽样的方法,选取威海市某三级甲等医院内分泌科与创面修复科的260例老年糖尿病病人作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查问卷、中文版Tilburg衰弱量表、老年人中医养生保健素养调查问卷、中文版糖尿病痛苦量表对病人进行调查,分析老年糖尿病病人衰弱的影响因素。结果:260例老年糖尿病病人衰弱总分为(7.79±3.92)分,其中衰弱179例(68.8%)。线性回归分析结果显示,中医养生保健素养、年龄、心理痛苦、医疗费用支付方式、是否合并糖尿病并发症、药物使用情况、居住地、夜间睡眠时间为老年糖尿病病人衰弱的影响因素,共解释衰弱总变异的65.0%。结论:老年糖尿病病人衰弱处于中等水平,护理人员应根据衰弱影响因素制定有效的干预方案。

基于现代中医医案文献分析的糖尿病肾病证素及用药规律研究

目的:利用数据挖掘技术分析糖尿病肾病(DN)的发病人群、核心症状、证素以及用药规律等。方法:在知网数据库中检索中医医案文献,纳入有效文献340篇,394例处方来构建数据库。通过Python、Gephi、SPSS等软件进行共现、关联等数据分析。结果:DN的发病人群主要为45~75岁的中老年男性;患者核心症状为乏力、口干、下肢水肿等;DN病位前期主要在肝、肾,后期主要在脾、肾;病性以气虚、血虚、阳虚、湿、阴虚最为常见;以黄芪-茯苓、黄芪-山药、黄芪-山茱萸等为最常使用的药对。结论:糖尿病肾病基本病机为肝、脾、肾为主的脏腑虚证为基础,夹杂着寒、热、湿、血瘀等;治疗上以益气养阴、补益肝肾为主。

1例糖尿病视网膜病变合并牵拉性视网膜脱离患者的中西医结合护理体会

总结1例糖尿病视网膜病变合并牵拉性视网膜脱离患者的术后中西医护理要点。围手术期间开展体位与活动护理、眼部护理、心理护理、生活护理等多项针对性护理措施,同时配合耳穴压丸、穴位按摩、拔罐、腕踝针等中医护理技术,旨在确保手术治疗效果,改善临床症状和促进术后康复。

基于数据挖掘杨晓晖教授治疗2型糖尿病用药规律分析

目的 基于中医传承计算平台,对杨晓晖教授治疗2型糖尿病患者的用药规律进行分析。方法 收集整理了杨晓晖教授2019—2022年门诊诊治的2型糖尿病患者医案,按照纳入、排除标准进行筛选及数据标准化,使用中医传承计算平台V3.0中频次分析、关联规则分析、聚类分析等功能进行数据挖掘。结果 研究共纳入173例患者,553个门诊医案,使用频率最高的前10味中药分别为黄连、赤芍、柴胡、蝉蜕、百合、牛膝、蒲黄、女贞子、知母、佛手。常用药以清热类、补虚类、解表类、活血化瘀类、化痰止咳平喘类药物为主。药性以寒性居多,药味以苦味为主,归经主入肝经,其次为肺经及脾经。关联规则分析结果显示,“黄连-赤芍”“赤芍-柴胡”“黄连-蝉蜕”等为高频药物组合模式,聚类分析得到3组核心处方,结合杨晓晖教授临床经验,认为核心药串为“黄连、赤芍、柴胡”。结论 杨晓晖教授治疗2型糖尿病重视气血在发病中的重要作用。用药多入肝、脾、肺三经,意在通调气机,补益脏腑虚损;寒温并用,以取清热不伤正、补虚不助邪之效。治疗紧抓“阴虚燥热”的基本病机,气血同调,补益脏腑虚损,兼顾气郁、痰湿、瘀血等实邪的祛除。

1例1型糖尿病性胃轻瘫合并乙型病毒性肝炎患者的中西医结合护理体会

本文总结1例1型糖尿病性胃轻瘫合并乙型病毒性肝炎患者的中西医结合护理经验。基于护理评估和中医辨证,在心理护理、用药护理、饮食指导等常规护理基础上,采用中频电脉冲疗法进行穴位按摩,有效改善患者恶心呕吐的症状,减轻痛苦,促进患者康复。

基于Python分析中药治疗糖尿病足溃疡的用药规律

目的:基于Python方法分析中药治疗糖尿病足溃疡(DFU)的用药规律,以期为中医药循证医学提供思路。方法:通过中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Web of Science和The Cochrane Library数据库,检索并纳入DFU相关随机对照研究的中药处方,检索时间范围为建库至2022年9月1日。运用Python对其方药组成、药物剂量进行频次统计,并进行相关性分析和聚类分析。结果:通过检索,共纳入处方101首,共155味中药,总频次1 047次,其中使用频次≥15次的中药共17味;黄芪、当归、川芎、赤芍和红花是治疗DFU的主要药物,占总频次的58.8%;对性味归经进行统计分析,味甘、性温、归肝经的药物使用居于首位。得到桃仁-红花、川芎-红花、川芎-桃仁、玄参-金银花、赤芍-地龙、黄芪-牛膝、丹参-生地黄等相关性较高的药对,对其进行层次聚类分析得到以黄芪、金银花-玄参、牛膝-当归-鸡血藤-丹参为主的药物新处方。结论:通过Python分析发现,中医药治疗DFU新处方中“黄芪-牛膝-当归-鸡血藤-丹参-金银花-玄参”具有一定的可靠性,该方具有益气清热之效,为临床治疗DFU提供了理论依据和循证医学的依据。

中药治疗糖尿病认知障碍探析

目的:通过挖掘整理中医药治疗糖尿病认知障碍的相关文献,为临床和科研提供参考。方法:计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库等数据库中治疗糖尿病认知障碍的方药,运用Execl、SPSS 18.0软件对挖掘的中药进行药物频次、频率、性味归经及核心药对的分析。结果:共收集数据库中相关方药54首,涉及中药96味。出现频次前10味的药物依次为石菖蒲、茯苓、人参、熟地黄、川芎、丹参、山药、远志、甘草、黄连。四气以温、平、微温为主;五味以甘、苦、辛、酸为主;归经以肾经、脾经、肝经、心经、肺经、胃经为主。核心药对为川芎-当归、熟地黄-山茱萸、石菖蒲-山茱萸、石菖蒲-三七、川芎-枸杞子、熟地黄-枸杞子、山药-山茱萸、石菖蒲-山药、酸枣仁-远志-熟地黄、人参-丹参-石菖蒲、山药-丹参-石菖蒲。出现最多的药对为石菖蒲+补益药。结论:中医药治疗糖尿病认知障碍较西医存在一定的优势,具有疗效显著、价格低廉、操作简易、不良反应小等特点,治疗时多以补脾益肾、理气活血药物为主。

1例胃癌免疫治疗引起重度糖尿病酮症酸中毒伴肠梗阻并发肺炎的中西医结合护理体会

本文总结1例基于胃癌免疫治疗引起重度糖尿病酮症酸中毒(DKA)伴肠梗阻并发肺炎患者的中西医结合护理经验。患者病情复杂,合并症多,在加强病情监测、心理护理、恶心呕吐护理、健康宣教等常规护理的基础上,针对并发症采取肠梗阻护理干预、DKA急性发作期护理干预,改善患者症状,促进患者早期康复。