Determinants of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Young Adults Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Selected Tertiary Hospitals in Shandong Province, China

Objective: The purpose of this study is to understand the current situation of knowledge, attitude, and practice of self-management in young patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to explore the relationship between general conditions (personal, social, and environment, clinical factors) and their knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of diabetes self-management, This aims to provide patients with high-quality nursing care management and services, as well as to provide relevant recommendations for effective self-management. Methods: This study is a descriptive correlational study that used the purposive sampling method to investigate 359 patients with T2DM aged 18-25 years in four designated tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province. Results: Knowledge of self-management was correlated with sex, age, education level, occupation and work situation, monthly household income, medical payment method, family and friend support, frequency of diabetes health education, and diabetes complications. The attitude subscale was correlated with sex, age, education level, work situation, and family and friend support. The practice subscale was associated with age, education level, work situation, family and friend support, frequency of diabetes health education, and HbA1c values. Conclusion: Young adults aged 18-25 with T2DM have positive attitudes towards diabetes self-management, but there are still deficiencies in knowledge acquisition and behavioral practice. The KAP of self-management of diabetes is influenced by personal factors such as sex, age, and education level, and socio-environmental factors such as family income and family or friends’ social support. Additionally, clinical factors such as complications and HbA1c values significantly impacted the patient’s disease self-management ability.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Diabetic Eye Disease among General Population in Medina City, Saudi Arabia

Background: Diabetic eye disease is known as a group of eye problems that diabetic patients may develop as a complication of diabetes and can lead to blindness. They may include Diabetic retinopathy (DR), Cataracts, and Glaucoma. Objectives: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) around diabetic eye disease in the general population including patients with DM and non-diabetic people in Medina City, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 385 participants via a self-administered online Questionnaire started in January 2023 in Medina, Saudi Arabia. Results: In total, 339 participants with ages ranged from 18 to more than 60 years with a mean age of 26.8 ± 12.6 years old completed the questionnaire. The majority were females (74.6%), singles (67.8%), and had a university level of education (54.6%). Most of the study participants were found to have poor knowledge levels (67%) in comparison to 33% who had an overall good knowledge of diabetic eye diseases. Knowledge level was found to be higher among old-aged participants and those with a family history of DM (P = 0.001, P = 0.049) respectively. Regarding participants’ attitudes and practices, the study showed good attitudes toward eye care practice for diabetics with half of the participants (50%) reporting self-awareness as a reason that made them undergo the first eye screening. Conclusion: Participants in the present study have poor knowledge and awareness level of diabetic eye disease. Furthermore, positive attitudes and perceptions have been revealed by the participants toward the practice of providing eye care for diabetics. .

An Assessment of the Diabetic Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of School Teachers in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Background: Teachers are the cornerstone of the next generation and they are considered an important source of health information for students about diabetes. The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of teachers about diabetes mellitus (DM) and to identify the associated factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study design included a stratified random sample of male and female teachers from public and private schools in Riyadh city. A self-administered online questionnaire was developed. The data collection was from October to November 2019. Results: The study included 633 teachers. Overall, 57.2% of the surveyed teachers were knowledgeable about DM. Teachers aged between 51 and 60 years (p = 0.005), males (p = 0.018), PhD holders (p = 0.011), teaching science (p = 0.021), having more than 20 years of teaching experience (p = 0.001), diabetics (p < 0.001), and having family history of diabetes (p = 0.007) had the highest level of knowledge. Overall, positive attitude towards DM was reported among 53.1% of the teachers. Those with teaching experience between 11 and 15 years (p = 0.024), diabetics (p = 0.029), and having a diabetic student (p = 0.012) had more positive attitude towards diabetes. Good diabetes-related practice was observed among 54.3% of the teachers. Older (p < 0.001), having more than 20 years of teaching experience (p < 0.001), non-Saudi (p = 0.011), diabetic teachers with longer duration of the disease (p < 0.001), having family history of DM (p = 0.028), and principals (p = 0.002) had the highest level of good diabetes-related practice. Conclusion: The KAP of teachers in public and private schools in Riyadh about DM was sufficient in many aspects. However, targeting new young teachers should be a priority to raise awareness.

The knowledge, attitude, practice and predictors of complementary and alternative medicine use among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Indonesia

Objective: The prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine(CAM) usage among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) in Indonesia is high. However, to date, little is known about why Indonesian T2DM patients choose CAM therapies, how their knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) of CAM affects their choices, or how demographics correlate with patient choices. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the KAP and predictors of CAM usage in T2DM patients in Indonesia.Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study. Patients were interviewed using a questionnaire. Chi-square tests or Fisher’s exact tests were used to compare demographic and clinical data, as well as KAP assessments, between T2DM patients who use and do not use CAM. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate predictors of CAM usage.Results: A total of 628 T2DM patients were enrolled in the study. CAM therapies were used by 341 patients(54.3%). The most common therapies were herbs and spiritual healing, used by 100.0% and 68.3% of CAM-using patients, respectively. CAM therapies were frequently recommended by family members(91.5%), and CAM users had significantly more knowledge and more positive attitudes toward CAM therapies than nonusers. Among users, 66% said they would not follow their healthcare providers’ instructions to not use CAM therapies, and 69.5% said they would not disclose their plan to use CAM therapies with their healthcare provider. Neither demographic nor clinical characteristics were associated with CAM use. The factors that best predicted the use of CAM therapies were their availability and low cost(odds ratio [OR] = 4.59;95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.01–7.01), the belief that CAM therapies were safe(OR = 2.04;95% CI: 1.40–2.95), the belief that CAM therapies could help with diabetes control(OR = 1.75;95% CI: 1.15–2.66), and the belief that CAM therapies could help maintain physical health(OR = 1.68;95% CI: 1.13–2.49).Conclusion: CAM therapy users were more knowledgeable and had more positive attitudes toward CAM,but most of them chose not to disclose their CAM use to their healthcare providers. CAM use in Indonesia was associated with its accessibility, affordability, safety and effectivity, but not with any demographic or clinical characteristics. This study provided new evidence and insights for nurses and physicians in Indonesia that will help to design educational programs about the safety and efficacy of CAM therapies.

Study on the Effect of Web-Based Real-Time Interactive Intervention Teaching Model on Self-Efficacy of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Object: To explore the effect of web-based real-time interactive intervention teaching model on self-efficacy of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) patients. Method: Based on the hospital’s antenatal check-up archives from June 2018 to January 2019, patients diagnosed with GDM in the second trimester were randomly divided into the control group (100 cases) and the experimental group (121 cases). Patients in the control group received routine care following the diabetes mellitus one-day outpatient guidance, while patients in the experimental group received social media real-time interactive teaching intervention based on routine care, and accepted a nursing intervention scheme based on knowledge-attitude-practice mode. The knowledge of GDM, self-efficacy and self-management behavior indicators were compared between the two groups. Results: After the intervention, the self-efficacy scores, the blood glucose monitoring times and the blood glucose compliance rates of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The post-intervention GDM knowledge scores of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group, and the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.072). Conclusion: Web-based real-time interactive intervention teaching model can effectively improve the self-efficacy of GDM patients and promote the formation of healthy behaviors.

Information Needs and Self-Care Practices of Diabetic Patients in Mbala, Northern Province, Zambia

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. It is “a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both” manifested by carbohydrates, fat and protein metabolism abnormality. If untreated high blood sugar can damage the nerves, eyes, kidneys, and other organs. The purpose of this study was to assess the information needs and self-care practice of Diabetic Patients in Mbala, Northern Province Zambia. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study where 105 respondents aged 18 years and above participated in the study. Participants were randomly selected. A structured interview schedule and a check list were used to collect data. Statistics Package for Social Sciences computer software package version 23.0 was used to analyze data. Chi square and fisher’s exact tests were used to test the significance of the association between Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus, attitude towards self-care practices, self-care practices among Diabetic patients and the need for information among Diabetic patients. A 95% confidence interval and P value of 0.05 were used to ascertain the degree of significance. Multi-variate binary logistic regression model to determine predictors of self-care practices and need for information was also used. Result: On analyzing the dependent variables, more than half (61.9%), had high need for information and three quarters (85.7%) of respondents had poor self-care practices. Slightly more than half (58.1%) had high knowledge levels majority (78.1%), had a negative attitude. Significant associations were found P Conclusion: Negative attitudes and lack of information among Diabetic patients were the main reasons associated with poor self-care practices. Particular attention should therefore be given to ensuring that Diabetic patients are given adequate information on Diabetes self-care in order to improve the quality of life.

基于KABP的细节护理在上尿路结石合并糖尿病患者中的应用研究

目的 探索基于知信行模式(KABP)的细节护理在上尿路结石合并糖尿病患者中的临床应用,并对细节护理效果进行评价。方法 该研究为前瞻性研究,纳入2019年1月至2022年1月该科收治的上尿路结石合并糖尿病患者共100例,采用随机数字表法分为常规护理组和特殊细节护理组,每组50例。其中特殊细节护理组采用基于KABP的细节护理。对2组患者基线数据进行评价,分析2组数据的可比性。对患者的围手术期手术不良反应发生率、负性情绪、疼痛程度评分、日常生活能力评分、满意度和住院时间进行统计学分析,评价2组患者的临床效果是否存在差异。结果 特殊细节护理组患者术后感染、术后腰痛及术后高血糖的发生率显著低于常规护理组(4.0%vs. 16.0%、6.0%vs. 28.0%、16.0%vs. 38.0%),差异均有统计学意义(P=0.046、0.003、0.013),特殊细节护理组患者术后焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表评分较常规护理组显著降低[(35.52±3.41)分vs.(46.38±2.91)分、(32.28±3.17)分vs.(47.89±4.01)分],差异均有统计学意义(P=0.012、0.003)。特殊细节护理组患者术后的主观疼痛评分较常规护理组显著降低[(6.54±1.01)分vs.(8.01±1.22)分],日常生活能力评分较常规护理组显著提高[(75.21±5.87)分vs.(66.0±15.21)分],差异均有统计学意义(P=0.017、0.009)。特殊细节护理组患者总体满意度高于常规护理组(98.0%vs. 90.0%),其中特殊细节护理组评价为“非常满意”的比例显著高于常规护理组(68.0%vs. 46.0%),差异均有统计学意义(P=0.092、0.026)。常规护理组和特殊细节护理组总住院时间[5.00(3.75,5.25)dvs. 4.00(3.00,6.00)d]、术后住院时间[2.50(2.00,3.00)d vs. 2.00(1.75,2.00)d]比较,差异均无统计学意义(P=0.732、0.678)。结论 通过对基于KABP的细节护理在上尿路结石合并糖尿病患者中的应用进行多维度、多指标评价,证实人性化、规范化的特殊细节护理模式使患者在围手术期多项指标获益,为此类患者围手术期的护理工作提供宝贵经验。

虚拟现实技术结合并发症体验工具在糖尿病患者中的应用效果

目的探讨虚拟现实技术结合并发症体验工具的虚拟体验式宣教对糖尿病患者血糖控制、知识、信念和行为能力的影响。方法选取2022年7月至2023年6月陕西省人民医院内分泌科收治的159例糖尿病患者,按照病区分为对照组80例和试验组79例。对照组实施常规糖尿病教育,试验组在此基础上佩戴VR眼镜和并发症体验工具进行1次虚拟体验式宣教强化并发症教育效果。比较两组患者干预前及干预后3个月的血糖变化、糖尿病知识量表(ADKnowl)、糖尿病管理自我效能量表(DMSES)和糖尿病患者自我管理能力量表(SDSCA)评分。结果干预后试验组患者的空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖和糖化血红蛋白均优于对照组;ADKnowl、DMSES、SDSCA总得分显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论VR结合并发症体验工具的虚拟体验式教育可有效降低糖尿病患者的血糖指标,优化其知信行水平。

基于IKAP理论的护理干预对老年2型糖尿病患者自我管理与血糖控制的实践研究

目的 探讨基于信息-知识-信念-行为(information-knowledge-attitude-practice, IKAP)理论的护理干预对老年2型糖尿病患者自我管理与血糖控制的实践效果。方法 选取2022年11月—2023年10月东台市人民医院收治的200例老年2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,根据不同的护理方法分为两组,各100例。常规组接受标准的常规护理,研究组在常规护理的基础上,接受基于IKAP理论的护理干预。比较两组护理依从性、血糖水平、护理满意度、自我管理能力评分。结果 护理后,研究组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平均低于常规组,护理依从性、护理满意度和自我管理能力评分均高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论 基于IKAP理论的护理干预对老年2型糖尿病患者自我管理与血糖控制有积极影响,能有效改善患者血糖水平,提高自我管理能力,提升患者护理效果满意度和依从性。

KAP模式管理对农村老年高血压合并糖尿病患者生存质量的影响

目的:探讨知识-态度-行为(KAP)模式管理对农村老年高血压合并糖尿病患者生存质量的影响。方法:于2022年6月将上海市金山区朱泾镇200名60岁以上农村老年高血压合并糖尿病患者作为研究对象,随机分为干预组与对照组,每组各100人。对照组有男性44人,女性56人,平均年龄(70.08±5.14)岁,干预组有男性35人,女性65人,平均年龄(69.16±4.95)岁。对照组给予社区常规管理,干预组在常规管理基础上开展为期1年的KAP模式的管理干预。比较两组干预前后血压、空腹血糖、生活习惯、涉盐情况、心理调适、遵医行为及生存质量评价量表(SF-36)评分变化情况。结果:干预后,干预组收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖降低情况优于对照组(P<0.05),吸烟频率、涉盐严重程度下降情况优于对照组(P<0.05),锻炼频率、心理调适良好、遵医行为改善情况优于对照组(P<0.05)。干预组SF-36各维度得分和总得分改善情况均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:加强KAP模式管理对改善农村老年高血压合并糖尿病患者的血压、血糖水平,改善健康行为,提高生存质量都具有十分重要的现实意义。

知信行模式护理在老年糖尿病合并高血压患者护理中的应用效果

目的:探究知信行模式护理在老年糖尿病合并高血压患者护理中的应用效果。方法:选取2022年3月—2023年3月合作市通钦街道社区卫生服务中心收治的老年糖尿病合并高血压患者122例作为研究对象,以随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组61例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上采用知信行模式护理。比较两组依从性、血糖水平、血压水平。结果:护理前,两组Morisky用药依从性问卷(MMAS-8)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后,两组MMAS-8评分高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理前,两组空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPBG)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后,两组FPG、2 hPBG、SBP、DBP水平低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:知信行模式护理在老年糖尿病合并高血压患者护理中的应用效果显著,可以提高患者依从性,降低其血糖、血压水平。

基于知信行理论的护理对糖尿病患者的影响研究

目的探讨基于知信行理论的护理对糖尿病患者自护能力及血糖控制的影响。方法选取2022年10月—2023年10月济宁市任城区人民医院收治的76例糖尿病患者为研究对象,根据护理方法不同分为常规组和研究组,各38例。常规组实施常规护理,研究组实施基于知信行理论的护理。比较两组患者用药依从率、血糖水平、自我护理能力量表(Exercise of Self-care Agency,ESCA)评分、糖尿病自我效能量表(Dia⁃betes Self-efficacy Scale,DSES)评分。结果研究组用药依从率高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组ESCA、DSES评分高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论基于知信行理论的护理能有效改善糖尿病患者的自护能力和自我效能,提高用药依从率和血糖控制效果。

福建省泉州市乡镇中老年2型糖尿病患者知识、态度与自我管理行为的相关研究

目的了解福建省泉州市乡镇中老年2型糖尿病患者在知识、态度与自我管理行为的特点及影响因素。方法采用方便取样法选择2022年6月至2023年6月南安市医院随访的中老年2型糖尿病患者182例,采用基本资料,糖尿病患者自我管理知识、态度、行为评价简化量表进行调查。结果福建省乡镇中老年2型糖尿病患者知识、态度与自我管理行为水平良好,总体得分为(89.34±8.58)分,态度和自我管理行为方面水平为良比例仅占44.51%和47.25%。主要受基本人口学因素、生活状态因素、疾病相关因素三个方面的影响。结论福建省乡镇中老年2型糖尿病患者知识、态度与自我管理行为水平上呈现良好趋势,但在态度和自我管理行为方面表现仍存在一定的差距,应重视从基本人口学因素、生活状态因素、疾病相关因素入手,分类对糖尿病患者态度和自我管理行为上的监督和干预。

北京市城区糖尿病人群知信行现状及其与慢性并发症的关系

目的了解北京市城区糖尿病人群知识、态度、行为的现状及与常见慢性并发症的关系。方法从北京市慢性病示范点随机抽取 6 6 0名 2型糖尿病人。调查糖尿病知信行及并发症。结果 1糖尿病诊断标准知晓率为 11.8% ,随文化程度增高呈上升趋势。 2按医嘱服药率 6 8.1%。同时采用饮食治疗、体育锻炼和控制体重 3种辅助疗法的病人占 2 4 .2 %。每月测血糖的病人占 32 .9% ,并且随医药费用报销比例的增长而增高。3慢性并发症患病率高达 6 5 .5 %。并发症与糖尿病诊断标准知晓率、是否定期测量血糖、是否按医嘱服药和病程有关。结论 1社区糖尿病人知信行水平有待提高。 2糖尿病慢性并发症患病率高 ,与知信行密切相关。

牙周保健行为及认知水平对2型糖尿病患者牙周健康和血糖代谢的影响

目的：分析2型糖尿病与慢性牙周炎的双向作用关系及影响因素。方法：对83名2型糖尿病患者进行牙周检查、血糖代谢检测及问卷调查。结果：83名2型糖尿病患者中、重度牙周炎患病率为67.5％，与轻度牙周炎个体相比，其牙周炎症程度及附着丧失水平受糖化血红蛋白（glycosylated hemoglobin A1，HbA1C）水平≥8.0％（OR=54.1~143.1）、服用降糖药（OR=12.9~44.6）、生活压力大（OR=16.9~29.6）、对糖尿病治疗状况不满意（OR=16.9~18.0）、牙周保健知识水平低（OR=3.4）、年龄大（OR=1.1）、不能正确进行牙龈炎症判断（OR=13.3）等因素影响，与此同时，患中、重度牙周炎（OR=8.61），刷牙效果差（OR=8.07），不了解菌斑（OR=7.49）的个体HbA1C水平更易控制不良（≥8.0％）。结论：牙周炎严重程度与HbA1C 水平存在双向影响关系，口腔卫生行为及其认知水平在其间发挥协同作用。

银川市社区老年糖尿病患者饮食控制知识、信念及行为现状的调查

目的了解银川市老年糖尿病患者饮食控制知识、态度、行为现状。方法采用问卷调查对银川市4个社区内共148名老年糖尿病患者进行调查,内容包括个人一般情况及饮食控制的知识、信念、行为状况。结果糖尿病饮食控制的知识掌握程度好的占5.4%,掌握程度中等的占64.9%,掌握程度差的占29.7%。态度、行为依从性好占7.4%,依从性中等占46.6%,依从性差占45.9%。结论社区老年糖尿病患者饮食控制知信行水平有待提高。

糖尿病腹膜透析患者液体摄入健康信念及容量负荷状况研究

目的通过比较糖尿病腹膜透析与无糖尿病腹膜透析患者液体摄入健康信念及容量状况,明确糖尿病腹膜透析患者液体摄入健康信念与容量状况的相关性。方法选取2014年1月—2015年1月于宁夏医科大学总医院腹膜透析中心接受腹膜透析治疗的患者156例为研究对象。根据患者是否伴有糖尿病,将患者分为糖尿病组(36例)和无糖尿病组(120例)。由经过统一培训的调查人员采用健康信念量表进行调查,各分量表所有条目的评分累计即为该分量表总分。由专职护士测量并记录患者体质量、舒张压,评估患者水肿严重程度。采用生物电阻抗仪测量患者体内水负荷(OH)、细胞外液(ECW)、细胞内液(ICW)以及细胞外液与细胞内液比值(E/I)。记录患者透析剂量、透析液葡萄糖浓度、超滤量、饮水量及尿量,采用生化自动分析检测仪测定血清清蛋白、血尿素氮、血肌酐、血糖、血钠水平。结果两组患者感知维持容量平衡障碍、感知容量平衡易感性和液体摄入自我效能分量表评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。糖尿病组感知容量平衡益处和感知容量失衡严重性分量表评分低于无糖尿病组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组体质量、舒张压及水肿程度比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。糖尿病组OH、ECW、ICW水平高于无糖尿病组,E/I低于无糖尿病组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。糖尿病组透析剂量、透析液葡萄糖浓度、饮水量及清蛋白、血糖水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。糖尿病组无水肿与水肿患者感知容量平衡益处、感知容量失衡严重性、感知容量平衡易感性及液体摄入自我效能分量表评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。糖尿病组水肿患者感知维持容量平衡障碍分量表评分高于无水肿患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病腹膜透析患者水肿严重程度高于无糖尿病腹膜透析患者,可能与糖尿病腹膜透析患者对容量失衡不良后果认识不足,釆取限制水盐摄入的健康行为缺失,对液体摄入量限制依从性较差有关。

糖尿病患者生活质量与主要照顾者知信行的相关性研究

目的了解长沙市糖尿病患者生活质量(QOL)及其主要照顾者的KAP现状,探索二者的相关性,为提高糖尿病患者的生活质量及其主要照顾者的照顾水平提供有效依据。方法采用自行设计的一般情况调查表、KAP问卷,丁元林等设计的糖尿病特异性生存质量量表(CN-ADD QOL)对长沙市3所医院和6个社区的300例糖尿病患者及其主要照顾者进行调查。结果照顾者的KAP得分为(67.2±11.17),糖尿病患者QOL KAP得分与糖尿病患者QOL得分相关系数r=0.191,P<0.01。结论长沙市糖尿病患者的生活质量及其主要照顾者的KAP水平均较低,二者呈正相关。

糖尿病患者规范注射知信行状况与生活质量的相关性研究

目的了解接受胰岛素治疗的糖尿病患者对规范注射行为的认知、态度和行为状况及生活质量,为针对性干预提供参考。方法采用自行设计的胰岛素规范注射知信行问卷、中文版"接受胰岛素治疗的患者生活质量量表(ITR-QOL-CV)"对142例接受胰岛素治疗的糖尿病患者进行问卷调查。结果胰岛素规范注射知信行问卷中知识维度得分4.33±1.77,态度维度得分34.72±5.78,行为维度得分14.07±1.65;ITR-QOL-CV得分93.59±18.05。影响患者生活质量的因素是对规范注射的态度、行为、糖化血红蛋白和低血糖知识水平(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论糖尿病患者规范注射的知信行水平不高,生活质量呈中等水平,应结合患者的知信行状况及血糖水平实施针对性干预,以提高患者的自护水平及生活质量。

糖尿病患者眼部并发症相关知识-态度-行为分析

目的了解2型糖尿病患者眼部并发症相关知识、态度、行为(KAP)情况及影响因素,为相关干预提供依据。方法问卷调查太原市社区卫生服务中心的296例2型糖尿病患者,内容包括一般项目和糖尿病患者眼部并发症相关知识、防治态度及行为水平,统计患者糖尿病眼病相关知识、态度及行为得分情况,运用Spearman秩相关分析相关性,并使用多元线性回归法筛选其影响因素。结果被调查的2型糖尿病患者眼部并发症知识得分为(6.93±2.32)分,多元线性回归分析显示月收入、年龄、糖尿病病程及血糖控制水平对糖尿病眼病相关知识得分有影响,差异均有统计学意义(t=4.564、-3.690、3.804、2.131,均为P<0.05)。被调查患者糖尿眼病防治态度得分为(23.64±7.74)分,大多数被调查的糖尿病患者对于社区开展糖尿病眼部并发症防治工作态度积极,多元线性回归分析显示,文化程度对得分有影响,差异有统计学意义(t=4.944,P<0.05)。被调查的糖尿病患者眼部并发症的防治行为得分为(1.80±0.62)分,多元线性回归分析显示,月收入、年龄和病程对防治行为得分有影响,且差异有统计学意义(t=4.098、-2.552、3.299,均为P<0.05)。对KAP得分行Spearman秩相关性分析显示,知识和态度的相关系数为0.300,态度和行为的相关系数为0.219,知识和行为的相关系数为0.466,三者均具有统计学意义(均为P<0.001),存在正相关。结论月收入低、文化程度低、年龄偏大、糖尿病病程长、血糖控制不良的糖尿病患者是今后社区宣传糖尿病眼病知识并进行行为干预的重点对象。加强科室间合作、促进糖尿病患者定期眼部检查是今后社区开展的一项切实有益的工作。