Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of regularly used immunohistochemicalmarkers, including Vimentin ( Vim) , Desmin ( Des) , Myoglobin (MG) , Myosin ( MS) , Smooth-muscle actin (SMA) and Sarcomeric ...Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of regularly used immunohistochemicalmarkers, including Vimentin ( Vim) , Desmin ( Des) , Myoglobin (MG) , Myosin ( MS) , Smooth-muscle actin (SMA) and Sarcomeric actin (Sr-A) , in the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Methods After resection , 24 RMSs and other childhood tumor specimens were fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin and embeded in paraffin. The immunohistochemical staining was performed by LSAB procedure. Heat-induced epitope retrieval of Des, MS, Sr-A was processed in order to enhence positive rate and positive strength. Results Vim, MG, MS, Des, Sr-A, SMA were arranged in the order of sensitivity from higher to lower. About specificity, Sr-A, Des, SMA, MG, Vim standed in a sequence from higher to lower (the data of MS is insufficient) ; Des,MG, Sr-A possessed higher experimental efficiency, followed by SMA, Vim in a succession. Conclusion Vim and MG are of the higher sensitivity but lower specificity. On the reverse, Sr-A and Des hold the better specificity but lower sensitivity. So the combination of multiple antibody reactions should be considered to improve the diagnostic ability in poorly differentiated RMS. According to the result of experimental efficiency, we suggest that the combination of Des, MG and Sr-A can make it possible to diagnose the majority of RMS clearly.展开更多
MicreRNAs （miRs） are small single-stranded RNA molecules, which function as key negative regulators of post-transcriptional modulation in almost all biological processes. Abnormal expression of microRNAs has been ob...MicreRNAs （miRs） are small single-stranded RNA molecules, which function as key negative regulators of post-transcriptional modulation in almost all biological processes. Abnormal expression of microRNAs has been ob- sewed in various types of cancer including breast cancer. Great efforts have been made to identify an association between microRNA expression profiles and breast cancer, and to understand the functional role and molecular mechanism of aberrant-expressed microRNAs. As research progressed, ＇oncogenic microRNAs＇ and ＇tumor sup- pressive microRNAs＇ became a focus of interest. The potential of candidate microRNAs from both intercellular （tissue） and extraceUular （serum） sources for clinical diagnosis and prognosis was revealed, and treatments involving microRNA achieved some amazing curative effects in cancer disease models. In this review, advances from the most recent studies of microRNAs in one of the most common cancers, breast cancer, are highlighted, especially the functions of specifically selected microRNAs. We also assess the potential value of these microRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic markers, and discuss the possible development of microRNA-based therapies.展开更多
文摘Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of regularly used immunohistochemicalmarkers, including Vimentin ( Vim) , Desmin ( Des) , Myoglobin (MG) , Myosin ( MS) , Smooth-muscle actin (SMA) and Sarcomeric actin (Sr-A) , in the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Methods After resection , 24 RMSs and other childhood tumor specimens were fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin and embeded in paraffin. The immunohistochemical staining was performed by LSAB procedure. Heat-induced epitope retrieval of Des, MS, Sr-A was processed in order to enhence positive rate and positive strength. Results Vim, MG, MS, Des, Sr-A, SMA were arranged in the order of sensitivity from higher to lower. About specificity, Sr-A, Des, SMA, MG, Vim standed in a sequence from higher to lower (the data of MS is insufficient) ; Des,MG, Sr-A possessed higher experimental efficiency, followed by SMA, Vim in a succession. Conclusion Vim and MG are of the higher sensitivity but lower specificity. On the reverse, Sr-A and Des hold the better specificity but lower sensitivity. So the combination of multiple antibody reactions should be considered to improve the diagnostic ability in poorly differentiated RMS. According to the result of experimental efficiency, we suggest that the combination of Des, MG and Sr-A can make it possible to diagnose the majority of RMS clearly.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program(973)of China(No.2013CB967202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81472654)
文摘MicreRNAs （miRs） are small single-stranded RNA molecules, which function as key negative regulators of post-transcriptional modulation in almost all biological processes. Abnormal expression of microRNAs has been ob- sewed in various types of cancer including breast cancer. Great efforts have been made to identify an association between microRNA expression profiles and breast cancer, and to understand the functional role and molecular mechanism of aberrant-expressed microRNAs. As research progressed, ＇oncogenic microRNAs＇ and ＇tumor sup- pressive microRNAs＇ became a focus of interest. The potential of candidate microRNAs from both intercellular （tissue） and extraceUular （serum） sources for clinical diagnosis and prognosis was revealed, and treatments involving microRNA achieved some amazing curative effects in cancer disease models. In this review, advances from the most recent studies of microRNAs in one of the most common cancers, breast cancer, are highlighted, especially the functions of specifically selected microRNAs. We also assess the potential value of these microRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic markers, and discuss the possible development of microRNA-based therapies.
