Dialectical Thermodynamics’Solution to the Conceptual Imbroglio That Is the Reversible Path

According to the second law of thermodynamics, as currently understood, any given transit of a system along the reversible path proceeds with a total entropy change equal to zero. The fact that this condition is also the identifier of thermodynamic equilibrium, makes each and every point along the reversible path a state of equilibrium, and the reversible path, as expressed by a noted thermodynamic author, “a dense succession of equilibrium states”. The difficulties with these notions are plural. The fact, for example, that systems need to be forced out of equilibrium via the expenditure of work, would make any spontaneous reversible process a consumer of work, this in opposition to common thermodynamic wisdom that makes spontaneous reversible processes the most efficient transformers of work-producing-potential into actual work. The solution to this and other related impasses is provided by Dialectical Thermodynamics via its previously proved notion assigning a negative entropy change to the energy upgrading process represented by the transformation of heat into work. The said solution is here exemplified with the ideal-gas phase isomerization of butane into isobutane.

Hegel and the Antidialectic

This work,using the case study of the Haitian Revolution,positions Paul C.Mocombe’s theory of antidialectic within Hegel’s dialectical reasoning.Mocombe posits that the antidialectical position in Hegel’s dialectic is the position of each self-consciousness when they initially encounter each other at the onset of the master/slave dialectic.Whereas,the master seeks to move to the dialectical position in order to dominate and eliminate the original(antidialectical)position of the slave,the slave remains in this antidialectical position so long as they seek to fight against their enslavement for the purpose of maintaining and reproducing their original,antidialectical,position,which is social,political,economic,and ideological.In any other instances,they(the slaves)are either in the dialectical,seeking to maintain the status quo,or negative dialectical,seeking to integrate the status quo on equal footing with the master,positions.

Relationship between the Three Laws of Dialectics of Nature and Agricultural Development

Based on the three laws of dialectics of nature-the law of unity of opposites, the law of mutual change of quality and the law of negation of negation, this paper analyzes the relationship between the three laws and agricultural development, and proposes making good use of the three laws to promote the better development of agriculture and realize agricultural modernization.

Dialectic:辩证逻辑的新形态

当代中国辩证逻辑研究的多元进路均不同程度地把辩证法作为研究的理论基础。基于“dialectic”一词具有的辩证法与论辩术的双重含义,当代关于论辩术的种种逻辑研究具有作为辩证逻辑的合法性,这种新形态的辩证逻辑对于深化马克思主义辩证逻辑的研究、把握辩证逻辑和现代性建构与批判之间的关系都具有重要意义。

A Dialectical Way between Literal and Free Translation:Taking the Translation of English Similes as an Exemplar

Simile,as an important figure of speech,is widely used in various texts.And it has its own feature and different subtypes,which require that the translation methods-literal translation and free translation should be adopted dialectically in accordance with the content or form of the similes.Actually,free translation based on literal translation is much better even though adding some extensions or footnotes is employed,too.

亚里士多德《修辞学》中“dialectic”一词的翻译

正确理解术语"dialectic"是理解亚里士多德修辞学的关键之一。这一术语在亚里士多德《修辞学》的两个中译本中有着"论辩术"和"辩证法"两个不同的译名。文章试从词源、词义的演变、词的译介以及亚里士多德本人的观点四个方面探讨"dialectic"的意义和翻译,指出"辩证法"译名的不科学性,并提出了翻译处理的建议。

PANSYSTEMS ANALYSIS: MATHEMATICS, METHODOLOGY, RELATIVITY AND DIALECTICAL THINKING

Based on new analysis modes and new definitions with relative mathematization and simplification or strengthening forms for concepts of. generalized systems, panderivatives, pansymmetry, panbox principle, pansystems relativity, etc., the framework and related principles of pansystems methodology and pansystems relativity are developed. Related contents include: pansystems with relatively universal mathematizing forms, 200 types of dualities, duality transformation, pansymmetry transformation, pansystems dialectics, the 8-domain method, pansystems mathematical methods, generalized quantification, the principles of approximation-transforming, pan-equivalence theorems, supply-demand analysis, thinking experiment, generalized gray systems, etc.

Investigating the Effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy in Clinical Symptoms, Anger Control and Emotional Regulation of Bully Children

The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy in clinical symptoms, anger control and emotional regulation of bully children. This research is a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study design with a nonequivalent control group. The research sample comprises 24 bully children who were purposefully selected from among the students who had responded positively to the researcher’s call. The participants were randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. Group therapy intervention was conducted on the experimental group during ten sessions. The tools applied in this study consisted of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire by Garnefski et al., State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory by Spielberger and Bullying Scale by Illinois, Espelage and Holt and the subjects answered to their questions in the stage of pretest and posttest. In this research, the data was analyzed based on the analysis of covariance test and with the aid of SPSS software. The findings demonstrated that dialectical behavior therapy has a significant impact on clinical symptoms, anger control and its components and emotional regulation and its components (P < 0.01).

The Dialectical Basis and Ecological Implication of Marx’s Labor Value Theory

Left-wing ecologists generally think that Marx’s theory of labor value is completely opposite to ecology because it ascribes the substance of value to labor.The contemporary Marxist theorists regard this as the lack of true knowledge of the dialectical basis of labor theory of value.Dialectics is a method of studying things in a holistic and relational way,while the method of value analysis is the result of Marx’s study of capitalist mode of production in a holistic and relational way.According to the method of value analysis,the unity of opposites among value,exchange value,and use value constitutes the fundamental contradiction of capitalist mode of production,which inevitably leads to the adversarial relationship of capitalist value form.Marx constantly ascended from abstract to concrete,from part to whole,and then,the meaning of value analysis expanded to the whole material world,thus,the ecological dimension of labor value theory was completely expanded.

Borderline Personality Disorders by Dialectical Therapy

This study aimed to discover the possibility of reducing the symptoms of borderline personality disorders (BPD) through the dialectical treatment of a sample group of individuals with BPD in Kuwait. To achieve this objective, a quasi-experimental approach was applied by dividing the study sample into two groups;the control group consisted of 75 individuals and the experimental group consisted of 75 individuals. In addition, a borderline personality disorder scale and program were developed based on American psychologist Marsha Linehan’s rules of dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT). Among the results, the study found statistically significant differences between members of the two groups due to the use of the counseling program based on dialectical treatment. This indicates a positive effect of using the counseling program to reduce the level of BPD among the members of the study sample, in favor of the experimental group.

Summary of Treating Headache Dialectically by Channel Acupoint Massage

ＳｕｍｍａｒｙｏｆＴｒｅａｔｉｎｇＨｅａｄａｃｈｅＤｉａｌｅｃｔｉｃａｌｌｙｂｙＣｈａｎｎｅｌＡｃｕｐｏｉｎｔＭａｓｓａｇｅ￥ＸｉａｏＡｎｈｕｉ；ＹａｎｇＺｈｅｎｇｙｏｎｇ；ＳｈｅＴｉｎｇｇｏｎｇ（ＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌｏｆＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＭｅｄｉｃｉｎｅｉ...

An Overview of the Study of the Materialist Dialectics of Late Engels and the Marxist Dialectical Debate

This year marks the 200th anniversary of the birth of the great proletarian revolutionary mentor Engels,and the theoretical community has once again started a wave of research on his thought.On the basis of Hegel’s dialectic,Engels inherited and developed Marx’s dialectic,and founded the materialist dialectic,which he called“the best tool and the sharpest weapon”.However,the relationship between Engels’materialist dialectics and Marx’s dialectics has been debated for more than a hundred years in the theoretical circles both at home and abroad,and it is of great significance to correctly summarize and elaborate the domestic and international views in order to clarify the internal logic and truth of Engels’materialist dialectics.

Five Dialectics of Xi Jinping's Theory on Ecological Progress

Xi Jinping's theory on ecological progress expands and deepens Marx's views on ecology and spells out the five dialectics between economic development and ecological conservation, the will of the nation and the will of the people, Chinese characteristics and global approaches, cultural concepts and institutional design, as well as the community of life and the community of shared future for mankind. It carries significance for our time and is weighted with theoretical value. At this stage, learning and studying the dialectics and value orientation of Xi Jinping's theory on ecological progress offers scientific guidance and value-based directions for China's efforts to promote an ecological civilization.

Diagnostic value of traditional Chinese medical dialectical classification in hashimoto's thyroiditis complicated with suspicious nodules

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of traditional Chinese medical(TCM)dialectical classification in Hashimoto's thyroiditis complicated with suspicious nodules.Methods:The clinical data of patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis complicated with thyroid nodules in the Department of Breast and thyroid surgery of Weifang Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2018 to December 2019 were collected.The patients were examined by 2 or more experienced TCM doctors,and the four diagnostic data were obtained,and then the relevant syndrome types of the patients were judged according to the data.According to the color Doppler ultrasonographic features of thyroid nodules,the patients who met the indication of fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules were selected and underwent fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules before operation.To analyze the clinical diagnostic value of that the ultrasonic mode used in this study and thyroid cytopathology Bethesda report system combine dialectical classification of traditional Chinese medicine in Hashimoto's thyroiditis complicated with suspected thyroid nodules.Result:A total of 89 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis complicated with thyroid nodules were collected.according to the ultrasonic mode,the difference between different modes was statistically significant(P<0.05).The mode of color ultrasound is also related to the dialectical classification of traditional Chinese medicine.The patients with high malignant risk score are mainly qi depression and phlegm stagnation,phlegm and blood stasis,while those with low score are exuberant liver fire and heart liver yin deficiency.According to the study of different The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology(TBSRTC)classification,the dialectical classification of patients with higher TBSRTC classification was more inclined to qi depression and phlegm stagnation,phlegm and blood stasis,and there was significant difference between different classification(P<0.05).Conclusion:Qi depression and phlegm obstruction,phlegm and blood stasis have high ultrasound malignant risk score and high TBSRTC classification grade in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis complicated with suspected thyroid nodules,which has important clinical diagnostic value.

The New Curriculum for the Teaching of English——With Which Dialectical Knowledge in Education Is Raised

The paper ,with a theory of Action Research and especially dialecti cal knowledge,gives a brief analysis and discussion of the New English Standard Syllabus(also called the New Curriculum) and also points out the difference bet ween the New Curriculum and the traditional syllabus of the basic English cours e. It is also theoretically and practically designed with some excellent suggest ions on how to study the New Curriculum and make good use of English teaching.

A Dialectical Approach to Nonverbal Communication

Nonverbal communication is an indispensable part of human interaction and plays an irreplaceable role in the communication process.This paper gives a brief introduction to the structure of nonverbal communication and discusses the pragmatic features of nonverbal behaviors from the dialectical point of view.Finally,some suggestions are made for the improvement of communicative competence.

Effect of dialectical behavior therapy on the serum neurotransmitters and cytokines in depression patients with suicidal tendency

Objective: To explore the effect of dialectical behavior therapy on the serum neurotransmitters and cytokines in depression patients with suicidal tendency. Methods: A total of 98 depression patients with suicidal tendency who were treated in the hospital between August 2014 and August 2017 were collected and divided into the control group (n=49) and the research group (n=49) by random number table. Control group received routine drug therapy, and study group received dialectical behavior therapy combined with drug therapy. The differences in serum levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, nerve function indexes and acute phase proteins were compared between the two groups of patients. Results: After treatment, serum NE, 5-HT and DA levels of research group were higher than those of control group;serum MBP and NSE levels of research group were lower than those of control group while BDNF level was higher than that of control group;serum Tf level of research group was higher than that of control group while Hp level was lower than that of control group. Conclusion: Dialectical behavior therapy intervention can effectively optimize the nerve function and improve the overall state of depression patients with suicidal tendency.

Dialectical Translation

With the rapid development of science and technology,the principles and methods of translation are advancing by leaps and bounds.The dialectical translation advocates that no method is the sole and best one to abide by.In a word,the adoption of translation methods depends on the actual situation.They are indispensable and supplementary to each other.Thus,the research of translation theory and practice can strive for perfection.

Artistic Modernity and the Dialectics of Comedy and Tragedy in Chen Yan's Novel'The Comedy

Chen Yan's new novel The Comedy is a continuation of his writing of the life and destiny of the artists in The Protagonist.Through shaping characters of the Chou(role of the clown)and describing the joy and sadness experienced by them,his new novel presents the artists’mixed feelings of sorrow and joy and reveals the crises and dilemmas encountered by traditional art against the background of modernity along with the possibility of transformation and conversion.Like The Protagonist,The Comedy follows Chen Yan's consistent realistic narrative techniques;unlike the solemn and grand aesthetic style of The Protagonist,however,the new novel develops its narrative with a comic approach more in tune with the characters'identity and inner spirit and shapes the characters and the story based on the dialectics of comedy and tragedy,thus enriching Chen Yan's original narrative style and contributing a new a aesthetic experience.