Dictyophora rubrovalvata is an edible fungus with rich nutritional value.It contains various nutrients and bioactive components,and has immunomodulation,anti-tumor,anti-oxidation,anti-fatigue,anti-aging,anti-inflammat...Dictyophora rubrovalvata is an edible fungus with rich nutritional value.It contains various nutrients and bioactive components,and has immunomodulation,anti-tumor,anti-oxidation,anti-fatigue,anti-aging,anti-inflammation and alcoholic hepatitis-protection effects.With the continuous expansion of planting area of Dictyophora,the disease problem has become a major problem affecting the development of Dictyophora industry.In this paper,the pathogens,harmful symptoms and causes of main diseases in Dictyophora were summarized,so as to provide reference for comprehensive control of Dictyophora diseases and promote the high-quality development of Dictyophora industry.展开更多
以新鲜红托竹荪为原料,研究传统煤火干燥(Coal Fire Drying,CFD)、空气源热泵干燥(Air Source Heap Pump Drying,ASHPD)、真空微波-电热鼓风组合干燥(Microwave Vacuum Drying in Combination with Forced Air Drying,MVD+FAD)和真空冷...以新鲜红托竹荪为原料,研究传统煤火干燥(Coal Fire Drying,CFD)、空气源热泵干燥(Air Source Heap Pump Drying,ASHPD)、真空微波-电热鼓风组合干燥(Microwave Vacuum Drying in Combination with Forced Air Drying,MVD+FAD)和真空冷冻干燥(Vacuum Freeze Drying,VFD)四种干燥方式对其外形、色泽、营养成分、氨基酸组成和含量、质构特性和微观结构的影响。结果表明:VFD可以最大限度地保持竹荪菌柄和菌裙外形,其蛋白质、粗纤维和总氨基酸含量最高,色泽与鲜品最接近(ΔE=3.60);ASHPD制备的竹荪菌柄和菌裙外形保持较好,脂肪含量最高,蛋白质保留效果较好。竹荪的鲜甜味/苦味的值为VFD组(4.99%)>MVD+FAD组(4.66%)>ASHPD组(4.50%)>CFD组(4.37%)。VFD制备的竹荪组织结构较脆,组织内部结合力较小,与鲜品相似,而另三种干燥方式制备的竹荪内部结合力较大,抵抗受损能力较强,吞咽前需要更多的能量才能嚼碎。此外,VFD和ASHPD制备竹荪的细胞状结构明显,VFD更好的保持了竹荪原有的细胞状结构。干燥方式的综合评价结果为VFD>MVD+FAD>ASHPD>CFD。综上,VFD为红托竹荪较理想的干燥方式,但其应用成本较高;在实际生产中,ASHPD是比较有推广价值的干燥方式。展开更多
基金Supported by Guiyang Science and Technology Planning Project (ZKHT[2020]3-13).
文摘Dictyophora rubrovalvata is an edible fungus with rich nutritional value.It contains various nutrients and bioactive components,and has immunomodulation,anti-tumor,anti-oxidation,anti-fatigue,anti-aging,anti-inflammation and alcoholic hepatitis-protection effects.With the continuous expansion of planting area of Dictyophora,the disease problem has become a major problem affecting the development of Dictyophora industry.In this paper,the pathogens,harmful symptoms and causes of main diseases in Dictyophora were summarized,so as to provide reference for comprehensive control of Dictyophora diseases and promote the high-quality development of Dictyophora industry.
文摘以新鲜红托竹荪为原料,研究传统煤火干燥(Coal Fire Drying,CFD)、空气源热泵干燥(Air Source Heap Pump Drying,ASHPD)、真空微波-电热鼓风组合干燥(Microwave Vacuum Drying in Combination with Forced Air Drying,MVD+FAD)和真空冷冻干燥(Vacuum Freeze Drying,VFD)四种干燥方式对其外形、色泽、营养成分、氨基酸组成和含量、质构特性和微观结构的影响。结果表明:VFD可以最大限度地保持竹荪菌柄和菌裙外形,其蛋白质、粗纤维和总氨基酸含量最高,色泽与鲜品最接近(ΔE=3.60);ASHPD制备的竹荪菌柄和菌裙外形保持较好,脂肪含量最高,蛋白质保留效果较好。竹荪的鲜甜味/苦味的值为VFD组(4.99%)>MVD+FAD组(4.66%)>ASHPD组(4.50%)>CFD组(4.37%)。VFD制备的竹荪组织结构较脆,组织内部结合力较小,与鲜品相似,而另三种干燥方式制备的竹荪内部结合力较大,抵抗受损能力较强,吞咽前需要更多的能量才能嚼碎。此外,VFD和ASHPD制备竹荪的细胞状结构明显,VFD更好的保持了竹荪原有的细胞状结构。干燥方式的综合评价结果为VFD>MVD+FAD>ASHPD>CFD。综上,VFD为红托竹荪较理想的干燥方式,但其应用成本较高;在实际生产中,ASHPD是比较有推广价值的干燥方式。