Size effects and compositions constitute new properties for inorganic particles in different application fields.The physical method has recently attracted more attention in the preparation of inorganic materials.Herei...Size effects and compositions constitute new properties for inorganic particles in different application fields.The physical method has recently attracted more attention in the preparation of inorganic materials.Herein,a low-cost,eco-friendly,simple-operating,and time-saving technique,named electrical discharge,is reviewed in relation to developments from the nature of this technique in different dielectric media to the practical experience in controlling the main processing parameters,apparatuses,types of discharge,from the various structures and components to the wide applications.The development of the electrical discharge technique will play an important role in improving the technology to prepare superfine inorganic particles with high purity.Meanwhile,electrical discharge contributes to easily mixing solid materials from the atomic scale to several micrometers with different structures.Moreover,metal oxides or doping materials are accessible as the dielectric medium is changed.Considering some excellent advantages,new inorganic particles exploited through the electrical discharge method will promise to be the most rewarding in some potential applications.展开更多
Dielectric spectra of 4A zeolite particles bulked in deionized water（4A/W） or cyclohexane（4A/C） were measured respectively under different temperatures, and two dielectric relaxations were found in both of 4A/W an...Dielectric spectra of 4A zeolite particles bulked in deionized water（4A/W） or cyclohexane（4A/C） were measured respectively under different temperatures, and two dielectric relaxations were found in both of 4A/W and 4A/C. Because of existence of water molecules in pores, both low and high frequency relaxation times（t LFR and t HFR） of 4A/W decreased more sharply than 4A/C with increasing temperature.According to the temperature dependence of t LFR and t HFR, the activation energies of Na＋interacting with framework under hydrated and dehydrated environments were calculated respectively, and the original properties of Na＋in dehydrated zeolite were obtained by analyzing the dielectric properties of 4A/C.Furthermore, a transient state of Na＋motion with temperature was found in 4A/C system.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51972045)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Chinese Central Universities,China(Grant No.ZYGX2019J025)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant Nos.2020JDRC0015 and 2020JDRC0045).
文摘Size effects and compositions constitute new properties for inorganic particles in different application fields.The physical method has recently attracted more attention in the preparation of inorganic materials.Herein,a low-cost,eco-friendly,simple-operating,and time-saving technique,named electrical discharge,is reviewed in relation to developments from the nature of this technique in different dielectric media to the practical experience in controlling the main processing parameters,apparatuses,types of discharge,from the various structures and components to the wide applications.The development of the electrical discharge technique will play an important role in improving the technology to prepare superfine inorganic particles with high purity.Meanwhile,electrical discharge contributes to easily mixing solid materials from the atomic scale to several micrometers with different structures.Moreover,metal oxides or doping materials are accessible as the dielectric medium is changed.Considering some excellent advantages,new inorganic particles exploited through the electrical discharge method will promise to be the most rewarding in some potential applications.
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Nos. 2143040, 2144047)the Importation and Development of High-Caliber Talents Project of Beijing Municipal Institutions (No. CIT&TCD201504009)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21301012)
文摘Dielectric spectra of 4A zeolite particles bulked in deionized water（4A/W） or cyclohexane（4A/C） were measured respectively under different temperatures, and two dielectric relaxations were found in both of 4A/W and 4A/C. Because of existence of water molecules in pores, both low and high frequency relaxation times（t LFR and t HFR） of 4A/W decreased more sharply than 4A/C with increasing temperature.According to the temperature dependence of t LFR and t HFR, the activation energies of Na＋interacting with framework under hydrated and dehydrated environments were calculated respectively, and the original properties of Na＋in dehydrated zeolite were obtained by analyzing the dielectric properties of 4A/C.Furthermore, a transient state of Na＋motion with temperature was found in 4A/C system.
