Tidal harmonic analysis of TOPEX/POSEIDON data in the Northwest Pacific by introducing difference-ratio relations

The difference-ratio relations are introduced to separate tidal constituents that are aliaseddue to the sampling interval and sampling span of the TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter. It is found that some tidal constituents such as K_1 and SSA, though aliased at along track points, are not aliased at crossover points beeause the data at crossover points are double those at along track points. So the harmonic analysis method can be employed directly for the analysis of time series at crossover points. Then the difference-ratio relations from crossover points are introduced to analyze the time series at along track points. The TOPEX/POSEIDON data in the Northwest Pacific are analyzed with this method. The results from this method agree well with tidal constants from tidal gauges.

A Compact Difference Scheme for Multi-point Boundary Value Problems of Heat Equations

In this paper,a compact difference scheme is established for the heat equations with multi-point boundary value conditions.The truncation error of the difference scheme is O(τ2+h^4),where t and h are the temporal step size and the spatial step size.A prior estimate of the difference solution in a weighted norm is obtained.The unique solvability,stability and convergence of the difference scheme are proved by the energy method.The theoretical statements for the solution of the difference scheme are supported by numerical examples.

Power Balance of Multi-Harmonic Components in Nonlinear Network

The main harmonic components in nonlinear differential equations can be solved by using the harmonic balance principle. The nonlinear coupling relation among various harmonics can be found by balance theorem of frequency domain. The superhet receiver circuits which are described by nonlinear differential equation of comprising even degree terms include three main harmonic components: the difference frequency and two signal frequencies. Based on the nonlinear coupling relation, taking superhet circuit as an example, this paper demonstrates that the every one of three main harmonics in networks must individually observe conservation of complex power. The power of difference frequency is from variable-frequency device. And total dissipative power of each harmonic is equal to zero. These conclusions can also be verified by the traditional harmonic analysis. The oscillation solutions which consist of the mixture of three main harmonics possess very long oscillation period, the spectral distribution are very tight, similar to evolution from doubling period leading to chaos. It can be illustrated that the chaos is sufficient or infinite extension of the oscillation period. In fact, the oscillation solutions plotted by numerical simulation all are certainly a periodic function of discrete spectrum. When phase portrait plotted hasn’t finished one cycle, it is shown as aperiodic chaos.

SOME EULER SPACES OF DIFFERENCE SEQUENCES OF ORDER m

Kizmaz [13] studied the difference sequence spaces ∞（A）, c（A）, and co（A）. Several article dealt with the sets of sequences of m-th order difference of which are bounded, convergent, or convergent to zero. Altay and Basar [5] and Altay, Basar, and Mursaleen [7] introduced the Euler sequence spaces e0^r, ec^r, and e∞^r, respectively. The main purpose of this article is to introduce the spaces e0^r△^（m））, ec^r△^（m））, and e∞^r△^（m））consisting of all sequences whose mth order differences are in the Euler spaces e0^r, ec^r, and e∞^r, respectively. Moreover, the authors give some topological properties and inclusion relations, and determine the α-, β-, and γ-duals of the spaces e0^r△^（m））, ec^r△^（m））, and e∞^r△^（m））, and the Schauder basis of the spaces e0^r△^（m））, ec^r△^（m））. The last section of the article is devoted to the characterization of some matrix mappings on the sequence space ec^r△^（m））.

ON THE m^(th) ORDER DIFFERENCE SEQUENCE SPACE OF GENERALIZED WEIGHTED MEAN AND COMPACT OPERATORS

In this article, using generalized weighted mean and difference matrix of order m, we introduce the paranormed sequence space l（u, v, p; △（m））, which consist of the sequences whose generalized weighted △（m）-difference means are in the linear space l（p） defined by I.J.Maddox. Also, we determine the basis of this space and compute its α-, β- and γ-duals. Further, we give the characterization of the classes of matrix mappings from l（u, v, p, △（m）） to l∞, c, and co. Finally, we apply the Hausdorff measure of noncompacness to characterize some classes of compact operators given by matrices on the space lp（U, v, △（m）） （1 ≤ p 〈 ∞）.

Generation of Higher Terahertz Harmonics in Nonlinear Paraelectrics under Focusing in a Wide Temperature Range

It is theoretically investigated the generation of higher harmonics of two-dimensional and three-dimensional terahertz electromagnetic beams in nonlinear crystals. The attention is paid to crystalline paraelectrics like SrTiO3 under the temperatures 60 - 200 K, these crystals possess the cubic nonlinearity. The bias electric field is applied to provide the dominating quadratic nonlinearity. The initial focusing of the beams not only increases the efficiency of generation of higher harmonics, but alto makes possible to select maxima of different higher harmonics at some distances from the input. At lower temperatures the nonlinearity behaves at smaller input amplitudes, whereas at higher temperatures the harmonic generation can be observed at higher frequencies up to 1.5 THz. In three-dimensional beams the peak amplitudes of higher harmonics can be bigger than in two-dimensional beams, but the ratios of these peak values to the maximum values of the focused first harmonic are smaller than in two-dimensional beams.

Quantization of the 1-D Forced Harmonic Oscillator in the Space (<i>x</i>, <i>v</i>)

The quantization of the forced harmonic oscillator is studied with the quantum variable (x, v∧), with the commutation relation , and using a Schrödinger’s like equation on these variable, and associating a linear operator to a constant of motion K (x, v, t) of the classical system, The comparison with the quantization in the space (x, p) is done with the usual Schrödinger’s equation for the Hamiltonian H(x, p, t), and with the commutation relation . It is found that for the non-resonant case, both forms of quantization bring about the same result. However, for the resonant case, both forms of quantization are different, and the probability for the system to be in the exited state for the (x, v∧) quantization has fewer oscillations than the (x, p∧) quantization, the average energy of the system is higher in (x, p∧) quantization than on the (x, v∧) quantization, and the Boltzmann-Shannon entropy on the (x, p∧) quantization is higher than on the (x, v∧) quantization.

基于信息融合子域适应的不同工况下谐波减速器故障诊断方法

针对工业机器人谐波减速器不同工况数据分布差异大,部分工况数据标签缺失以及单一传感器获取信息不全面,导致诊断准确率不高的问题,提出一种信息融合子域适应的不同工况下谐波减速器故障诊断方法。该方法将源域和目标域一维振动数据利用小波变换构建时频图;使用基于小波变换的图像融合方法整合多个传感器的时频信息并构建融合图像;提出多表示特征提取结构的改进残差网络以充分挖掘融合样本多表示特征,同时,在无监督场景下将源域和目标域融合样本的多表示特征进行子域适应处理,减小两域的各个子域间的分布差异,从而将知识从标签丰富的源域迁移到标签缺失的目标域,最终实现不同工况下谐波减速器的故障诊断。通过搭建工业机器人谐波减速器故障实验台并进行实测,所提方法在所有迁移任务中平均准确率可达98.8%,能够有效实现无监督场景中不同工况下谐波减速器的故障诊断。

谐波和间谐波三参数识别的SSI-LS方法

为精确检测谐波和间谐波的三参数,提出了基于随机子空间辨识(Stochastic Subspace Identification,SSI)与最小二乘(Least Square)法的谐波和间谐波三参数检测方法。运用奇异值差值法确定SSI-LS算法的阶数;利用SSI算法直接对原始含噪信号精确检测出各谐波和间谐波分量的频率;当信噪比大于20dB时,应用最小二乘法对各谐波和间谐波分量进行幅值和相位的估计,从而实现了谐波和间谐波的三参数识别。分别针对含有噪声和直流分量的谐波和间谐波数值仿真信号和频率相近且幅值相差百倍的谐波和间谐波信号作谐波和间谐波的三参数识别。仿真分析表明该方法抗噪声能力强、检测精度高、计算速度快,尤其是对信号中各谐波和间谐波分量的相位检测精度高、对频率相近且幅值相差百倍的谐波和间谐波信号具有较高的分辨率,为电力系统谐波和间谐波的精确检测提供了新的思路与方法。

基于Blackman-Harris相位差校正信号谐波分析方法

运用快速傅里叶变换(FFT)进行电力谐波分析时很难做到同步采样和整周期截断,造成的频谱泄漏将影响谐波分析精度。本文引入Blackman-Harris窗函数,分析其时域和频域特性,采用Blackman-Harris窗对谐波信号进行加权,结合相位差校正原理,用于谐波分析。推导了信号基波及各次谐波频率、幅值和初相角的计算式,对常规的频谱相位差校正方法进行了改进。仿真结果表明,应用Blackman-Harris窗相位差校正信号谐波分析法的运算时间与加其他余弦窗的运算时间相比没有明显增加,计算精度却显著提高。本文提出算法实现简单,精度高,通用性强,可应用于高精度电能计量和电能质量分析。

半球谐振子超精密修调方法研究

目的研究因谐振子质量缺陷而引起的频率裂解机制,进而对刚性轴位置进行质量高分辨率可控去除,提高陀螺精度。方法首先基于多区域配合划分法建立半球谐振子高精度有限元仿真模型,分析质量大小与位置对谐振子频差的影响规律。其次搭建谐振子振动特性检测平台,利用拍频法实现其频差值和刚性轴位置的精确辨识。最后结合仿真与辨识结果以及离子束加工方法确定谐振子超精密修调方案。结果优化网格划分方法后,谐振子有限元模型频差值小于0.0001Hz,当修调定位误差相同时,在一个范围内的质量去除比单点质量去除的修调效率更高;谐振子质量缺陷四次谐波刚性轴位置辨识精度可达0.1°,与常见的幅值法相比,其精度提高了一个数量级;通过三次点线结合方式进行质量修调后,谐振子频差值小于0.001Hz,修调效率与精度得到了提升。结论提出的谐振子仿真模型、振动特性测试方法以及离子束修调工艺精度较高且可行性较强,对实现半球谐振子性能高精度检测以及高质量加工具有重要意义。

改进ITD-LS结合奇异值差分谱的间谐波快速检测方法

间谐波检测技术是电力系统谐波治理的重要工作内容,文章提出一种改进ITD法结合奇异值差分谱的快速高精度检测。通过改进ITD法可以直接根据含有系统特征信息的量测数据进行参数辨识。首先利用奇异值差分谱进行系统定阶;然后应用改进的ITD算法直接对含噪信号进行精确检测从而得到各谐波的实际频率;采用最小二乘法(Least Squares,LS)对各间谐波分量的幅值进行精确检测。改进ITD法以SSI法的协方差矩阵(Toeplitz)为输入数据,克服了数据处理方法不准确性带来的误差,提高了参数辨识精度。与SSI法相比,改进ITD法精度没有降低,同时缩短了计算时间。仿真结果表明:该方法计算速度快,检测精度高,抗噪声能力强,验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。

级联STATCOM 直流侧电容电压失衡分析

在托卡马克磁体电源系统运行过程中,发现其对应的无功补偿装置级联静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)各相链节间存在直流侧电压失衡的现象,且随着补偿电流增大。这一失衡程度有增大的趋势,这一问题会影响装置的稳定可靠运行,严重时会直接导致装置停止运行。通过建立STATCOM的电路模型,结合其电路模型建立了相应的数学模型,研究了电网谐波、电容容量、损耗以及脉冲触发延时对电容电压失衡的影响。通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件验证,发现电网谐波、电容容量差异、开关触发脉冲延时差异、并联型损耗差异以及混合型损耗差异是造成STATCOM直流侧电容电压失衡的重要原因。

基于宽带高次谐波的掩模版缺陷检测(特邀)

使用严格的时域有限差分法研究高次谐波光源的检测能力,探索不同波长光源的检测潜力。在综合考虑散射光效率和入射光光强的前提下,与光化波长检测相比,较长波长的光源如38 nm对直径小于10 nm的表面缺陷具有更好的检测能力。此外,38 nm波长光源对极紫外掩模版具有较好的穿透能力,可用于相位缺陷的检测。特别是对于具有特定高度和宽度的缺陷,如高度为7~20 nm,宽度为20~80 nm的浅层缺陷,38 nm波长光源具有较为可观的检测能力。该研究可为掩模版缺陷检测装置检测能力的提升提供指导。

Monte-Carlo有限差分法和Monte-Carlo有限元法的一点注记

本文以二维调和方程第一边值问题为例,探讨了Monte Carlo有限差分法和Monte Carlo有限元法的概率实质,将差分法和有限元法的数值解表示成了统一的随机表达式,显示了有限差分法和有限元法共同的本质.

教学活动中师生存在样态的三重诠释

教学活动的本源廓清为师生存在样态的澄明提供了三重新释:从“教”与“学”差异的维度来看,为了脱离被压迫的生存境况,教师应成为“教”的能动主体,学生应成为“学”的能动主体,有差别的师生在主体性存在中“相异”;从“教”与“学”关联的维度来看,作为“先觉革命者”的教师在“学”的制约下成为“以教导学”的相对主体,作为“尚待觉醒者”的学生在“教”的制约下成为“以学定教”的相对主体,有差别的师生在以“启发式对话”展开的关系性存在中“相合”;从“教”与“学”转化的维度来看,师生没有主客体之分,无差别的师生在以“平等性对话”展开的关系性存在中“相长”,走向推翻压迫者、重建人类命运共同体的联合行动。

基于稳态特征和IGWO-FCM模糊聚类的非侵入式负荷监测方法

对当前非侵入式负荷监测(NILM)方法对低功率用电设备的辨识准确率不足的问题,提出了一种改进的方法。该方法以改进FCM初始聚类中心为基础,除了采用有功功率特征外,并选取基波功率因数和电压—电流三次谐波含量差作为新特征,引入灰狼算法(GWO)和单纯形法(SF)对聚类过程进行优化,通过模糊聚类来确定负荷的种类数,实现对负荷的识别。实验结果表明,随着负荷种类的增加,该方法在不同场景下具有良好的鲁棒性和较高的准确率。

Three-dimensional hydrodynamic model of Xiamen waters

A semi-implicit and Eulerian - Lagrangian finite difference method for three-dimensionalshallow flow has been extended to a more complete system of equations incorporating second-moment turbulence closure model and transport equations of salinity and temperature. The simulation for flooding and drying of mudflats has been improved. The model is applied to Xiamen waters. Based on extensive survey data, water level elevation, temperature and salinity field along the eastern open boundary and at the Jiulong River inlets and runoffs are analyzed, specified and calibrated. The computed results show good agreement with the measured data, reproduce flooding, emergence of large and complex mudflat region.

MiR-96-5p inhibition induces cell apoptosis in gastric adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND Gastric adenocarcinoma(GAC)mortality rates have remained relatively changed over the past 30 years,and it continues to be one of the leading causes of cancerrelated death.AIM To search for novel miRNAs related to GAC prognosis and further investigate the effect of miR-96-5p on MGC-803 cells.METHODS The miRNA expression profile data of GAC based on The Cancer Genome Atlas were obtained and used to screen differently expressed miRNAs(DEMs)and DEMs related to GAC prognosis.Then,the expression of DEMs related to GAC prognosis was identified in GAC tumor samples and adjacent normal samples by qRT-PCR.The target gene,ZDHHC5,of miR-96-5p was predicted using TargetScan,miRTarBase,and miRDB databases and confirmed by luciferase reporter assay.Furthermore,MGC-803 cells were transfected with inhibitor NC,miR-96-5p inhibitor,si-ZDHHC5,or miR-96-5p inhibitor+si-ZDHHC5,and then cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.The expression of ZDHHC5,Bcl-2,and COX-2 was detected using western blotting.RESULTS A total of 299 DEMs and 35 DEMs related to GAC prognosis were screened based on The Cancer Genome Atlas.Then compared with adjacent normal samples,the levels of miR-96-5p,miR-222-5p,and miR-652-5p were remarkably increased,while miR-125-5p,miR-145-3p,and miR-379-3p levels were reduced in GAC tumor samples(P<0.01),which were consistent with bioinformatics analysis.Furthermore,ZDHHC5 was defined as a direct target gene of miR-96-5p.miR-96-5p inhibition increased the number of apoptotic cells as well as promoted the expression of ZDHHC5,Bcl-2,and COX-2 in MGC-803 cells(P<0.01).After ZDHHC5 inhibition,the number of apoptotic cells and the expression of ZDHHC5,Bcl-2,and COX-2 were reduced.The addition of an miR-96-5p inhibitor partly reversed these effects(P<0.01).CONCLUSION Our findings identified six miRNAs related to GAC prognosis and suggested that downregulated miR-96-5p might induce cell apoptosis via upregulating ZDHHC5 expression in MGC-803 cells.

Revisiting the space-time gradient method:A time-clocking perspective, high order difference time discretization and comparison with the harmonic balance method

This paper revisits the Space-Time Gradient(STG) method which was developed for efficient analysis of unsteady flows due to rotor–stator interaction and presents the method from an alternative time-clocking perspective. The STG method requires reordering of blade passages according to their relative clocking positions with respect to blades of an adjacent blade row. As the space-clocking is linked to an equivalent time-clocking, the passage reordering can be performed according to the alternative time-clocking. With the time-clocking perspective, unsteady flow solutions from different passages of the same blade row are mapped to flow solutions of the same passage at different time instants or phase angles. Accordingly, the time derivative of the unsteady flow equation is discretized in time directly, which is more natural than transforming the time derivative to a spatial one as with the original STG method. To improve the solution accuracy, a ninth order difference scheme has been investigated for discretizing the time derivative. To achieve a stable solution for the high order scheme, the implicit solution method of Lower-Upper Symmetric GaussSeidel/Gauss-Seidel(LU-SGS/GS) has been employed. The NASA Stage 35 and its blade-countreduced variant are used to demonstrate the validity of the time-clocking based passage reordering and the advantages of the high order difference scheme for the STG method. Results from an existing harmonic balance flow solver are also provided to contrast the two methods in terms of solution stability and computational cost.