The β-1,3-glucan from yeast has been extensively examined for its immuno-enhancing effects in animals.However,investigation on the relationship among β-glucan,gut microbiota and immune-modulating effects remains lim...The β-1,3-glucan from yeast has been extensively examined for its immuno-enhancing effects in animals.However,investigation on the relationship among β-glucan,gut microbiota and immune-modulating effects remains limited particularly in pigs.Considering the critical roles of gut methanogens in the microbial fermentation,energy metabolism and disease resistance,we investigated the phylogenetic diversity of methanogens from fermented cultures of porcine colonic digesta with（G） or without（N） yeast β-glucan based on sequences of the archaeal 16S rRNA gene.A total of 145 sequences in the G library were assigned into 8 operational taxonomic units（OTUs） with the majority of sequences（114/145） related to strains Methanobrevibacter millerae or Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii with high identities ranging from 97.9 to 98.6%,followed by 23 sequences to Methanobrevibacter ruminantium,2 sequences to Methanobrevibacter smithii and one sequence to Methanobrevibacter wolinii.The 142 sequences in the N library were assigned to 2 OTUs with most sequences（127/142） related to strains M.millerae or M.gottschalkii with sequence identities ranging from 97.9 to 98.5%,and 15 sequences related to M.gottschalkii with 97.9% identity.Shannon diversity index showed that the G library exhibited significantly higher archaeal diversity（P0.05） and Libshuff analysis indicated the differences in the community structure between the two libraries were significant（P0.0001）.In conclusion,the current study provides evidence that addition of yeast β-glucan significantly increased the diversity of methanogens in in vitro fermented porcine colonic digesta.展开更多
We investigated the effects of finely ground wheat bran on the nutrient digestibility, digesta passage rate,and gut microbiota structure in sows. A 3 × 3 Latin square design with 3 test periods and 3 experimental...We investigated the effects of finely ground wheat bran on the nutrient digestibility, digesta passage rate,and gut microbiota structure in sows. A 3 × 3 Latin square design with 3 test periods and 3 experimental diets was used. Six non-pregnant sows(parity: 5 to 7) were randomly assigned to 3 experimental diets with 2 replicates per treatment in each period. Each period lasted 19 d(12 d for adaptation and 7 d for experiment). The experimental diets included(a) a basal corn and soybean meal diet(CON),(b) a basal diet with 20% coarse wheat bran(CWB;particle size: 605 μm), and(c) a basal diet with 20% fine wheat bran(FWB;particle size: 438 μm). The results demonstrated that the apparent total tract digestibility of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and energy were reduced(P < 0.05) in the FWB and CWB groups compared with those in the CON group. Viscosity of digesta increased(P < 0.001) in FWB-fed sows. The passage rate of digesta from the mouth to the ileum decreased(P < 0.001) in FWB-fed sows. Peptide YY(PYY) concentration increased(P = 0.01) in FWB-fed sows after 30 min of feeding.In the FWB group, the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae at the family level increased(P < 0.05) in the ileal digesta. At the class level, the relative abundance of Clostridia in feces decreased(P < 0.05) in FWB-fed sows. FWB enhanced the concentration of butyrate in feces compared with CON and CWB(P = 0.04). These results suggest that dietary supplementation with finely ground wheat bran reduces the passage rate of digesta, increases the abundance of beneficial microorganisms, and elevates the concentration of short-chain fatty acids and PYY in sows. These findings indicate that the addition of finelyground wheat bran to the diets of sows is more effective than using coarse wheat bran for improving their satiety and intestinal microbial composition.展开更多
基金supported by the Young Scientist Fund of Department of Education of Sichuan Province,China(112A081)
文摘The β-1,3-glucan from yeast has been extensively examined for its immuno-enhancing effects in animals.However,investigation on the relationship among β-glucan,gut microbiota and immune-modulating effects remains limited particularly in pigs.Considering the critical roles of gut methanogens in the microbial fermentation,energy metabolism and disease resistance,we investigated the phylogenetic diversity of methanogens from fermented cultures of porcine colonic digesta with（G） or without（N） yeast β-glucan based on sequences of the archaeal 16S rRNA gene.A total of 145 sequences in the G library were assigned into 8 operational taxonomic units（OTUs） with the majority of sequences（114/145） related to strains Methanobrevibacter millerae or Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii with high identities ranging from 97.9 to 98.6%,followed by 23 sequences to Methanobrevibacter ruminantium,2 sequences to Methanobrevibacter smithii and one sequence to Methanobrevibacter wolinii.The 142 sequences in the N library were assigned to 2 OTUs with most sequences（127/142） related to strains M.millerae or M.gottschalkii with sequence identities ranging from 97.9 to 98.5%,and 15 sequences related to M.gottschalkii with 97.9% identity.Shannon diversity index showed that the G library exhibited significantly higher archaeal diversity（P0.05） and Libshuff analysis indicated the differences in the community structure between the two libraries were significant（P0.0001）.In conclusion,the current study provides evidence that addition of yeast β-glucan significantly increased the diversity of methanogens in in vitro fermented porcine colonic digesta.
基金This study was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Project No:2021YFD1300202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No:32102587).
文摘We investigated the effects of finely ground wheat bran on the nutrient digestibility, digesta passage rate,and gut microbiota structure in sows. A 3 × 3 Latin square design with 3 test periods and 3 experimental diets was used. Six non-pregnant sows(parity: 5 to 7) were randomly assigned to 3 experimental diets with 2 replicates per treatment in each period. Each period lasted 19 d(12 d for adaptation and 7 d for experiment). The experimental diets included(a) a basal corn and soybean meal diet(CON),(b) a basal diet with 20% coarse wheat bran(CWB;particle size: 605 μm), and(c) a basal diet with 20% fine wheat bran(FWB;particle size: 438 μm). The results demonstrated that the apparent total tract digestibility of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and energy were reduced(P < 0.05) in the FWB and CWB groups compared with those in the CON group. Viscosity of digesta increased(P < 0.001) in FWB-fed sows. The passage rate of digesta from the mouth to the ileum decreased(P < 0.001) in FWB-fed sows. Peptide YY(PYY) concentration increased(P = 0.01) in FWB-fed sows after 30 min of feeding.In the FWB group, the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae at the family level increased(P < 0.05) in the ileal digesta. At the class level, the relative abundance of Clostridia in feces decreased(P < 0.05) in FWB-fed sows. FWB enhanced the concentration of butyrate in feces compared with CON and CWB(P = 0.04). These results suggest that dietary supplementation with finely ground wheat bran reduces the passage rate of digesta, increases the abundance of beneficial microorganisms, and elevates the concentration of short-chain fatty acids and PYY in sows. These findings indicate that the addition of finelyground wheat bran to the diets of sows is more effective than using coarse wheat bran for improving their satiety and intestinal microbial composition.
