Debate on direct-anterior vs posterior approach for hip hemiarthroplasty:The authors’insights

We read and discussed the study entitled“Complication rates after direct anterior vs posterior approach for Hip Hemiarthroplasty in elderly individuals with femoral neck fractures”with great interest.The authors have done justice to the topic of comparison of anterior and posterior surgical approaches for bipolar hemiarthroplasty which has been an everlasting debate in the existing literature.However,there are certain aspects of this study that need clarification from the authors.

Which approach of total hip arthroplasty is the best efficacy and least complication?

BACKGROUND Total hip arthroplasty is as an effective intervention to relieve pain and improve hip function.Approaches of the hip have been exhaustively explored about pros and cons.The efficacy and the complications of hip approaches remains inconclusive.This study conducted an umbrella review to systematically appraise previous meta-analysis(MAs)including conventional posterior approach(PA),and minimally invasive surgeries as the lateral approach(LA),direct anterior approach(DAA),2-incisions method,mini-lateral approach and the newest technique direct superior approach(DSA)or supercapsular percutaneouslyassisted total hip(SuperPath).AIM To compare the efficacy and complications of hip approaches that have been published in all MAs and randomized controlled trials(RCTs).METHODS MAs were identified from MEDLINE and Scopus from inception until 2023.RCTs were then updated from the latest MA to September 2023.This study included studies which compared hip approaches and reported at least one outcome such as Harris Hip Score(HHS),dislocation,intra-operative fracture,wound compliData were independently selected,extracted and assessed by two reviewers.Network MA and cluster rank and surface under the cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA)were estimated for treatment efficacy and safety.RESULTS Finally,twenty-eight MAs(40 RCTs),and 13 RCTs were retrieved.In total 47 RCTs were included for reanalysis.The results of corrected covered area showed high degree(13.80%).Among 47 RCTs,most of the studies were low risk of bias in part of random process and outcome reporting,while other domains were medium to high risk of bias.DAA significantly provided higher HHS at three months than PA[pooled unstandardized mean difference(USMD):3.49,95%confidence interval(CI):0.98,6.00 with SUCRA:85.9],followed by DSA/SuperPath(USMD:1.57,95%CI:-1.55,4.69 with SUCRA:57.6).All approaches had indifferent dislocation and intraoperative fracture rates.SUCRA comparing early functional outcome and composite complications(dislocation,intra-operative fracture,wound complication,and nerve injury)found DAA was the best approach followed by DSA/SuperPath.CONCLUSION DSA/SuperPath had better earlier functional outcome than PA,but still could not overcome the result of DAA.This technique might be the other preferred option with acceptable complications.

Dissection and ligation of the lateral circumflex femoral artery is not necessary when using the direct anterior approach for total hip arthroplasty

BACKGROUND Branches of the lateral circumflex femoral artery(LCFA) stretch across the surgical field during a direct anterior total hip arthroplasty. It is an anatomical marker in direct anterior approach. As an important vessel around the hip joint,this vessel was ligated in most situations. Although ligation of the vascular pedicle of the LCFA is a common, traditional procedure used to decrease bleeding, the ligation of the pedicle of the vessel is tedious and time-consuming.AIM To explore whether this ligation is truly necessary in a direct anterior approach to total hip arthroplasty.METHODS This single-center, single-surgeon, prospective study was performed to compare patients' bleeding undergoing ligation of the branches of the LCFA pedicle(group A) vs those treated with electrocautery from the branches of the LCFA(group B). In both groups, the pedicles were identified in the intermuscular plane between the tensor fasciae lata and the rectus femoris muscles. In group A, the pedicles were ligated with a silk ligature. In group B, the branches coming off the LCFA were controlled with electrocautery. We compared preoperative vs postoperative changes in blood hemoglobin levels, intraoperative blood loss,operative time, rates of transfusion, re-bleeding, and hematoma between the two groups.RESULTS The reduction of hemoglobin in group A was 20.9 ± 7.0, and in group B it was 21.2 ± 4.9. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P > 0.05). The actual calculated blood loss in group A was 784 ± 125 mL,and in group B it was 722 ± 153 mL. There was a trend in group A having more blood loss(P = 0.078). The estimated blood loss in group A was 344 ± 88 mL, and in group B it was 346 ± 73 mL. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P = 0.883). In addition, there were no significant differences in the rates of postoperative transfusion(10% vs 6.7%, P > 0.05),postoperative hematomas(6.7% vs 13.3%, P > 0.05), or re-bleeding(13.3% vs 20%,P > 0.05) between the two groups.CONCLUSION Ligation of the pedicle of the LCFA has no advantage in preventing or decreasing bleeding during or after a total hip arthroplasty using the direct anterior approach. Ligation of the pedicle of the vessel is a cumbersome, unnecessary procedure and can be replaced by electrocautery control of the branches off this artery that course through the surgical field.

Reliability of a simple fluoroscopic image to assess leg length discrepancy during direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty

BACKGROUND Direct anterior approach(DAA)total hip arthroplasty(THA)in a supine position provides a unique opportunity to assess leg length discrepancy(LLD)intraoperatively with fluoroscopy.Reported fluoroscopic techniques are useful but are generally complicated or costly.Despite the use of multiple techniques for leg length assessment,LLD continues to be a major post-operative source of patient dissatisfaction further emphasizing the importance of near-anatomic restoration.The utility of an alternative direct measurement of LLD on an intra-operative fluoroscopic pelvic image during DAA THA has not been reported.AIM To determine the reliability of a novel simple intra-operative measurement of LLD using a parallel line technique on a single fluoroscopic digital image of the pelvis.METHODS One hundred and seventy-one patients who underwent DAA THA were included for analysis.Intra-operative fluoroscopic and post-operative anterior-posterior radiographs were imported to TraumaCad and calibrated for LLD measurement.LLD was measured on each image using the right-left hip differences in lesser trochanter to pelvic reference line distances.Pelvic reference points included the teardrops and ischia.Fluoroscopic LLD was compared to the gold-standard measurement of LLD measured on a post-operative radiograph.RESULTS Mean absolute difference in teardrop referenced LLD between fluoroscopic and post-operative radiographs was 2.17 mm and based on the ischia mean absolute difference was 2.63 mm.Linear regression of fluoroscopic and post-operative radiograph LLD based on teardrop and ischia LLD found r2 values of 0.57 and 0.84,respectively.Mean absolute difference between fluoroscopic and postoperative x-ray LLD was within 5 mm in 95%of cases regardless of pelvic reference.CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that a single fluoroscopic view obtained during DAA THA for leg length assessment is clinically useful.

Development of a Retractor Holding Device to Reduce the Manpower in Total Hip Arthroplasty through Direct Anterior Approach

Direct anterior approach (DAA) for total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a minimally invasive technique. In this approach, two assistants are necessary. We developed a retractor holding device called “Spider arm” to replace an assistant in the contra-lateral side. In this study, we investigated the usefulness of Spider arm in THA through direct anterior approach. 20 hips were operated without Spider arm and 21 hips were operated with Spider arm. The surgery time and the blood loss were compared. The cup position and leg length discrepancy were measured on radiography. There was no statistical significance between two groups in all parameters. No clinical complications were reported. With Spider arm, DAA-THA could be performed by two surgeons without deterioration of the surgery time and blood loss. The accuracy of cup position and leg length discrepancy was not affected. Spider arm can contribute to reducing the manpower in DAA-THA.

Anterior muscle sparing approach for total hip arthroplasty

The purpose of this review is to examine the validity of positive claims regarding the direct anterior approach(DAA) with a fracture table for total hip arthroplasty. Recent literature regarding the DAA was searched and specific claims investigated including improved early outcomes, speed of recovery, component placement, dislocation rates, and complication rates. Recent literature is positive regarding the effects of total hip arthroplasty with the anterior approach. While the data is not definitive at present, patients receiving the anterior approach for total hip arthroplasty tend to recover more quickly and have improved early outcomes. Component placement with the anterior approach is more often in the "safe zone" than with other approaches. Dislocation rates tend to be less than 1% with the anterior approach. Complication rates vary widely in the published literature. A possible explanation is that the varianceis due to surgeon and institutional experience with the anterior approach procedure. Concerns remain regarding the "learning curve" for both surgeons and institutions. In conclusion, it is not a matter of should this approach be used, but how should it be implemented.

Direct anterior total hip arthroplasty: Literature review of variations in surgical technique

The direct anterior approach to the hip has been suggested to have several advantages compared to previously popular approaches through its use of an intra-muscular and intra-nervous interval betweenthe tensor fasciae latae and sartorius muscles. Recent increased interest in tissue-sparing and minimallyinvasive arthroplasty has given rise to a sharp increase in the utilization of direct anterior total hip arthroplasty. A number of variations of the procedure have been described and several authors have published their experiences and feedback to successfully accomplishing this procedure. Additionally, improved understanding of relevant soft tissue constraints and anatomic variants has provided improved margin of safety for patients. The procedure may be performed using speciallydesigned instruments and a fracture table, however many authors have also described equally efficacious performance using a regular table and standard arthroplasty tools. The capacity to utilize fluoroscopy intraoperatively for component positioning is a valuable asset to the approach and can be of particular benefit for surgeons gaining familiarity. Proper management of patient and limb positioning are vital to reducing risk of intra-operative complications. An understanding of its limitations and challenges are also critical to safe employment. This review summarizes the key features of the direct anterior approach for total hip arthroplasty as an aid to improving the understanding of this important and effective method for modern hip replacement surgeons.

Direct anterior total hip arthroplasty:Comparative outcomes and contemporary results

Direct anterior total hip arthroplasty has become increasingly more popular among arthroplasty surgeons,in large part due to the use of an intramuscular interval and desire to reduce soft tissue damage.Several studies have now been published comparing the anterior intramuscular to other commonly used approaches,and many studies have published complication rates on large series of patients.Review of comparative studies indicates direct anterior hips tend towards shorter hospital stays and high rates of patients discharged to home.Although some studies show evidence of early benefit in functional outcomes,there is no strong evidence that the anterior approach provides any long term functional improvements compared to other approaches.Additionally,evidence to support reduced damage to soft tissue may not translate to certain clinical significance.Rates of intra-operative femur fracture,operative time and blood loss rates are notably higher for those developing familiarity with this approach.However,when surgeons have performed a modest number of procedures,the complication rates tend to markedly decrease in most studies to levels comparable to other approaches.Accuracy of component positioning also favors the anterior approach in some studies.This review summarizes the available literature comparing the direct anterior to other approaches for total hip arthroplasty and provides a comprehensive summary of common complications.

Acute compartment syndrome of the thigh following hip replacement by anterior approach in a patient using oral anticoagulants

Acute compartment syndrome(ACS) of the thigh following primary total hip arthroplasty(THA) is a highly uncommon complication and has not yet been reported before with regards to the anterior approach through the anterior supine interval. We present a case of a 69-year-old male patient with a history of stroke, who developed ACS of the thigh after elective THA while using therapeutic low molecular weight heparin as bridging for regular oral anticoagulation. ACS pathogenesis, diagnostic tools, treatment and relevant literature are discussed. The patient's ACS was recognized in time and treated by operative decompression with fasciotomy of the anterior compartment. Follow-up did not show any neurological deficit or soft-tissue damage.

Application of a modified surgical position in anterior approach for total cervical artificial disc replacement

BACKGROUND Total cervical artificial disc replacement(TDR)has been considered a safe and effective alternative surgical treatment for cervical spondylosis and degenerative disc disease that have failed to improve with conservative methods.Positioning the surgical patient is a critical part of the procedure.Appropriate patient positioning is crucial not only for the safety of the patient but also for optimizing surgical exposure,ensuring adequate and safe anesthesia,and allowing the surgeon to operate comfortably during lengthy procedures.The surgical posture is the traditional position used in anterior cervical approach;in general,patients are in a supine position with a pad under their shoulders and a ring-shaped pillow under their head.AIM To investigate the clinical outcomes of the use of a modified surgical position versus the traditional surgical position in anterior approach for TDR.METHODS In the modified position group,the patients had a soft pillow under their neck,and their jaw and both shoulders were fixed with wide tape.The analyzed data included intraoperative blood loss,position setting time,total operation time,and perioperative blood pressure and heart rate.RESULTS Blood pressure and heart rate were not significantly different before and after body positioning in both groups(P>0.05).Compared with the traditional position group,the modified position group showed a statistically significantly longer position setting time(P<0.05).However,the total operation time and intraoperative blood loss were significantly reduced in the modified position group compared with the traditional position group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The clinical outcomes indicated that total operation time and intraoperative blood loss were relatively lower in the modified position group than in the traditional position group,thus reducing the risks of surgery while increasing the position setting time.The modified surgical position is a safe and effective method to be used in anterior approach for TDR surgery.

Direct anterior approach hip arthroplasty:How to reduce complications-A 10-years single center experience and literature review

BACKGROUND The direct anterior approach for total hip arthroplasty(DAA-THA)is increasing in popularity due to some advantages such as less surgical trauma,minimal dissection of soft tissues,shorter rehabilitation times,faster return to daily activities,lower incidence of dislocation.On the other hand,the literature reports a high rate of intraoperative complications,with many different rates and complication types in the published papers.AIM To analyze our complications comparing results with the literature;to report measures that we have taken to reduce complications rate.METHODS All DAA-THA patients with one year minimum follow up who were operated at a single high-volume centre,between January 2010 and December 2019 were included in this retrospective study.All surgeries were performed using cementless short anatomical or straight stems and press fit cups.Patients’followup was performed,at 6 wk,3 mo,then annually post-surgery with clinical and radiological evaluation.Primary outcomes were stem revision for aseptic loosening and all-cause stem revision.Second outcome was intra-operative and post-operative complications identification.RESULTS A total of 394 patients underwent DDA-THA from January 2010 and December 2019,for a total of 412 hips;twelve patients lost to follow-up and one patient who died from causes not related to surgery were excluded from the study.The average age at the time of surgery was 61 years(range from 28 to 78 years).Mean follow-up time was 64.8 mo(range 12-120 mo).Seven stems were revised.One cortical perforation,one trochanteric and lateral cortical wall intraoperative fracture,one diaphyseal fracture,three clinically symptomatic early subsidence and one late aseptic loosening.We also observed 3 periprosthetic fractures B1 according to the Vancouver Classification.Other minor complications not requiring stem revision were 5 un-displaced fractures of the calcar region treated with preventive cerclage,one early infection,one case of late posterior dislocation,18 case of asymptomatic stem subsidence,6 cases of lateral cutaneous femoral nerve dysesthesia.CONCLUSION DAA is associated to good outcomes and lower incidence of dislocation.Complication rate can be reduced by mindful patient selection,thorough preoperative planning,sufficient learning curve and use of intraoperative imaging.

Taper-wedge stem suitable for anterior approach total hip arthroplasty:Adequate biomechanical reconstruction parameters and excellent clinical outcome at mid-term follow-up

BACKGROUND The direct anterior approach(DAA) for total hip arthroplasty(THA) is a less invasive and muscle-sparing approach that seems to improve early function and patient satisfaction. Several studies, however, have reported high complication and revision rates due to the technical difficulties related to the femoral preparation.AIM To evaluate the usefulness and safety of a new stem equipped with a morphometric design and a size-specific medial curvature in DAA for THA.METHODS This retrospective study was based on 130 patients that underwent mini-invasive DAA procedures for THA using the Accolade Ⅱ stem. A total of 144 procedures were included in the assessment, which was based on postoperative complications, survival rates, functional parameters, and patient related outcomes.RESULTS Overall complications were recorded in 6 procedures(4.2%). There were no complications related to the stem implantation and no intraoperative fractures. Only one patient was revised for deep infection. On radiographs, biomechanical hip reconstruction was satisfactory and no stem showed any subsidence greater than 2 mm. Full osseointegration based on Engh scores was seen in all of the implanted stems. Median Harris hip score at final follow-up was 99 points(range 44-100 points), which resulted excellent in 91.3% of patients. The median values of the osteaorthritis outcome score ranged from 87.5 to 95.CONCLUSION The mid-term positive outcomes and low complication rate in our consecutive series of patients support the safety and suitability of this new stem design in DAA for THA.

Comparison of DAA and PLA Approaches for Total Hip Replacement in the Treatment of Femoral Neck Fractures

Objectives: Femoral neck fractures are becoming more common within nowadays. This research is to explore the clinical effect of primary total hip replacement (THA) via direct anterior approach (DAA) and posterolateral approach (PLA) in the treatment of femoral neck fracture. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 100 cases of elderly patients with femoral neck fracture who underwent total hip arthroplasty admitted to Tianyou Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology from January 2019 to January 2022. 50 patients treated with DAA approach were included in the observation group, and 50 patients treated with PLA approach were included in the control group. The operation indexes, postoperative acetabular abduction angle and anteversion angle, hip joint function, Harris score and complications were compared between the two groups. Result: The length of incision in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group, and the amount of intraoperative bleeding and postoperative hospital stay were shorter than those in the control group (P < 0.05);There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the ratio of acetabular abduction angle and its safe zone, and the length difference of both lower limbs (P < 0.05), while there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the ratio of acetabular anteversion angle and its safe zone, eccentricity, and its recovery rate (P > 0.05);Harris score of hip joint: 6 months after operation, the anterior approach group was significantly higher than the posterolateral approach group (P < 0.05), and there was no statistical difference between the two groups 12 months after operation (P > 0.05);The total incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P Conclusion: DAA and PLA approaches for total hip replacement can restore the hip joint structure of patients with femoral neck fractures and achieve good results, but DAA approach has greater advantages in early postoperative recovery, improvement of hip joint function, small surgical injury, high application value, so it is recommended.

不同入路人工全髋关节置换后步态及髋关节活动能力的比较

背景:在微创全髋关节置换手术入路的选择上,有关直接前入路与后侧入路在术后步态、肢体平衡及髋部运动能力方面是否存在差异还有很大争议,因此,有必要进行进一步的研究。目的:采用前瞻性随机对照研究的方法评估直接前入路与后侧入路人工全髋关节置换后早期患者的步态及髋关节活动能力恢复情况。方法:纳入2019年1月至2020年6月青岛市市立医院收治的单侧股骨头坏死患者61例,其中男40例,女21例,平均年龄(64.83±5.52)岁,采用随机数字表法分为直接前入路组(n=28)与后侧入路组(n=33),分别经直接前入路、后侧入路进行初次人工全髋关节置换手术。术前及术后1,3,6个月对患者进行步态分析(步长、步频、单足支撑时间、足底压力差等步态时间-空间参数)及髋关节活动能力(站立-行走计时测试与2 min步行测试)测评。结果与结论:①随着术后时间的延长,两组患者的步态时间-空间参数逐步改善,直接前入路组患者术后1个月的步长、步频、单足支撑时间、足底压力差测试结果均显著优于后侧入路组(P<0.01),术后3个月的步频、单足支撑时间、足底压力差测试结果显著优于后侧入路组(P<0.05),术后6个月的足底压力差测试结果优于后侧入路组(P<0.01);②随着术后时间延长,两组患者的站立-行走计时测试及2 min步行测试结果逐步改善,直接前入路组患者术后1,3个月的站立-行走计时测试及2 min步行测试结果优于后侧入路组(P<0.05);③结果显示,两组患者术后步态和髋关节活动能力恢复情况不一致,直接前入路组患者术后早期步态和髋关节活动能力优于后侧入路组。

高龄不稳定性股骨粗隆间骨折行直接前入路人工股骨头置换术的临床研究

目的探讨高龄不稳定性股骨粗隆间骨折患者采取直接前入路人工股骨头置换术治疗的效果。方法随机选取靖江市人民医院于2019年1月—2023年10月收治的60例不稳定性股骨粗隆间骨折高龄患者为研究对象,按照随机抽签方式分为对照组和观察组,每组30例。对照组采取保守治疗,观察组采取直接前入路人工股骨头置换术治疗。对比两组患者近期临床疗效,治疗前后髋关节功能及日常生活能力。结果观察组近期治疗总有效率为100.00%,高于对照组的80.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.630,P<0.05)。观察组髋关节评分及日常生活能力评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论临床治疗不稳定性股骨粗隆间骨折的高龄患者可选直接前入路人工股骨头置换术方式,相比保守治疗近期效果更理想,可以有效促进患者髋关节功能的恢复。

氨甲环酸联合SRI-HAPAM在老年股骨颈骨折全髋关节置换术后的应用价值

目的 探究氨甲环酸(TXA)联合健康行为过程取向模型(HAPA)下阶段式康复干预(SRI-HAPAM)对行全髋关节置换术(THA)老年股骨颈骨折(FNF)患者的应用价值。方法 纳入2022年12月至2023年6月温州医科大学附属第一医院行单侧THA老年FNF患者为研究对象。根据随机数字表法,将患者为常规护理(RN)组和TXA+SRI-HAPAM组。RN组术后接受常规治疗,TXA+SRI-HAPAM组术后接受TXA联合SRI-HAPAM治疗。比较两组术后24 h出血指标[隐性失血量(HBL)、显性出血量(EBL)和输血量(BTV)]、血红蛋白(Hb)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)和D-二聚体(DD)水平。比较两组术后3个月髋关节功能[关节畸形(JD)、关节功能(JF)、关节疼痛(JP)、关节活动(JM)和髋关节功能总分(THF)]、焦虑抑郁情绪[焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)]、护理满意度和并发症发生情况。结果 研究共纳入100例因FNF行单侧THA老年患者,TXA+SRI-HAPAM组54例,RN组46例。术前,两组Hb、CRP、DD、JD、JF、JP、JM、THF、SAS差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。术后24 h,两组Hb较术前下降,而CRP和DD较术前上升(P <0.05);TXA+SRI-HAPAM组Hb的下降程度和CRP、DD的上升程度以及HBL、EBL和BTV均低于RN组(P <0.05)。术后3月,两组患者JD、JF、JP、JM和THF均较术前上升,而SAS和SDS较术前均下降(P <0.05);且TXA+SRI-HAPAM组JD、JF、JP、JM和THF评分显著高于RN组,SAS和SDS评分低于RN组(P <0.05)。术后3个月,TXA+SRI-HAPAM组护理满意度明显高于RN组,而总并发症发生率低于RN组(P <0.05)。结论 与常规护理比较,TXA联合SRIHAPAM可更有效地促进THA患者术后恢复。

直接前侧入路路径下全髋关节置换术与半髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折的临床效果

目的:探究直接前侧入路(direct anterior approach,DAA)路径下全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)与半髋关节置换术(hemiarthroplasty,HA)在老年股骨颈骨折(femoral neck fracture,FNF)患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2020年1月—2023年1月南京医科大学附属南京医院骨科收治的70例老年FNF患者为研究对象,基于随机数表法将患者分为治疗1组(HA)与治疗2组(THA),各35例。比较两组围手术期指标、肌肉组织损伤、骨代谢、远期髋关节功能。结果:治疗2组手术时间长于治疗1组,术中出血量、术后引流量多于治疗1组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但两组术后初次下床行走时间、术后并发症发生率、股骨假体中心性固定率、术后住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3 d,两组肌酸激酶(creatine kinase,CK)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)高于术前,且治疗2组高于治疗1组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3个月,两组Ⅰ型前胶原氨基端前肽(N-terminal propeptide of typeⅠprecollagen,PⅠNP)、Ⅰ型胶原交联羧基末端肽(C-terminal telopeptides of typeⅠcollagen,CTX)低于术前,骨特异性碱性磷酸酶(bone-specific alkaline phosphatase,BAP)高于术前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但两组术后3个月PⅠNP、CTX、BALP比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后5个月、8个月、12个月,两组Harris评分高于术后3个月,且治疗2组高于治疗1组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:DAA路径下THA与HA均具有良好的治疗效果,HA围手术期指标具有优势,适用于身体状况较差的患者;而THA远期髋关节功能恢复更具有优势,适用于活动需求较大患者。

老年股骨颈骨折全髋或半髋关节置换的中远期状态:倾向性评分匹配法评价

背景:关节置换是治疗老年移位性股骨颈骨折的主要手段,全髋关节置换与半髋关节置换的选择是目前具有较大争论的焦点。目的:基于倾向性评分匹配法对比直接前入路下全髋与半髋关节置换治疗老年移位性股骨颈骨折的中远期生存状态。方法:选择2016年1月至2021年1月收治的147例老年移位性股骨颈骨折患者(≥65岁),其中88例行全髋关节置换,59例行人工股骨头置换(半髋关节置换)。对于患者术前合并症采用年龄校正Charlson合并症评分表,计算患者虚弱度,并采用倾向性评分匹配法对两组患者进行1∶1匹配,比较匹配后两组患者的手术时间、出血量、术后住院时间、住院费用、营养指标、术后并发症、死亡率和术后生存时间,其中术后生存时间采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析。结果与结论:①倾向性评分匹配后,两组共有42对匹配成功,匹配后两组患者术前资料均衡可比(P>0.05);②与半髋关节置换组相比,全髋关节置换组手术时间(79.71 min vs.59.07 min,P<0.001)、出血量(839.64 mL vs.597.83 mL,P=0.001)、住院费用(56508.15元vs.41702.85元,P<0.001)明显增加,但全髋关节置换组死亡率低于半髋关节置换组(36%vs.57%,HR=0.44,95%CI:0.23-0.87,P=0.018),平均生存时间长于半髋关节置换组(59.4个月vs.43.7个月,P=0.024);③两组患者在术后住院时间、术前术后营养指标、术后整体并发症发生率上,差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05);但在术后疼痛方面,半髋关节置换组疼痛发生率明显高于全髋关节置换组(24%vs.7%,P=0.035);④整体来看,全髋关节置换具有更好的长期预后生存效果,但对于身体素质差的患者则更适合行半髋关节置换;同时,术后的疼痛可能很大程度上会对患者髋关节置换后的生活质量及存活时间产生影响。

微创直接前方入路全髋关节置换术治疗股骨颈骨折患者的临床疗效

目的探讨股骨颈骨折患者进行全髋关节置换术时选择微创直接前方入路的临床效果。方法本研究回顾性分析凌源市中心医院2022年1月—2023年4月收治的50例行全髋关节置换术的股骨颈骨折患者的临床资料,所有骨折患者根据手术方法不同分为传统对照组和微创观察组,每组25例;采用传统后外侧入路全髋关节置换术设为对照组;采用微创直接前方入路全髋关节置换术设为观察组。比较两组骨折患者的手术情况、髋关节功能评分、简明健康状况量表(SF-36)、并发症总发生率。结果相比对照组,观察组术中出血量及术后引流量更少,手术切口长度及平均住院时间更短(均P<0.05)。术前,两组髋关节整体功能评分未见统计学差异(P>0.05);术后,观察组髋关节功能综合评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。术后,观察组SF-36评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组围手术期的并发症(出血、骨穿孔以及麻木)总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对于股骨颈骨折患者,进行全髋关节置换术时,相比传统后外侧入路,微创直接前方入路可进一步提高临床整体疗效,更好改善患者的髋关节功能,围手术期并发症发生率更低,患者恢复的总体健康状况更佳。

首次人工全髋关节置换术直接前方入路的早期康复效果观察

目的探讨首次人工全髋关节置换术(THA)直接前方入路(DAA)的早期临床康复效果。方法选取2020年1月—2021年12月在黄山市人民医院首次接受单侧THA的患者60例,其中直接前方入路(DAA)THA 30例(DAA组),后外侧入路(PLA)THA 30例(PLA组)。比较两组患者手术切口长度、术中出血、引流管留置时间、术后首次下床时间、生活质量、并发症、疼痛及关节功能恢复情况,在术后1周、术后4周、术后12周应用视觉模拟量表(VAS)评价疼痛,应用Harris髋关节评分系统(HHS)评价髋关节功能,应用健康调查简易量表(SF-36)评价生活质量。结果DAA组切口长度、术中出血量少于PLA组,首次下床时间早于PLA组,引流管留置时间短于PLA组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。DAA组患者术后4周、术后12周疼VAS评分、Harris评分、SF-36量表评分均高于PLA组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PLA组术后出现1例髋关节假体脱位,1例出现假体周围感染;DAA组无并发症发生。结论与PLA比较,DAA入路行THA创伤更小,恢复更快,符合快速康复理念,早期临床康复效果更佳。