In the radio frequency identification (RFID) system based on surface acoustic wave (SAW) technique, some tags often locate in the field of a transceiver at the same time. These tags produce simultaneous echo signals w...In the radio frequency identification (RFID) system based on surface acoustic wave (SAW) technique, some tags often locate in the field of a transceiver at the same time. These tags produce simultaneous echo signals which "collide" when they arrive back at the transceiver, which leads to difficult identification. In this paper, smart antenna technique is presented to implement anti-collision in SAW RFID system. The direction of arrivals (DOAs) are used to denote the locations of tags, and genetic algorithm (GA) is suggested to find the optimal estimates of the DOAs in complex multimodal search spaces. Once the DOAs are obtained, the array weights are formed and the signals of tags are recovered to implement decoding. The experimental results show that the GA-based smart antenna technique works well in some occasions.展开更多
In wireless communication environment, the time-varying channel and angular spreads caused by multipath fading and the mobility of Mobile Stations (MS) degrade the performance of the conventional Direction-Of-Arrival ...In wireless communication environment, the time-varying channel and angular spreads caused by multipath fading and the mobility of Mobile Stations (MS) degrade the performance of the conventional Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) tracking algorithms. On the other hand, although the DOA estimation methods based on the Maximum Likelihood (ML) principle have higher resolution than the beamforming and the subspace based methods, prohibitively heavy computation limits their practical applications. This letter first proposes a new suboptimal DOA estimation algorithm that combines the advantages of the lower complexity of subspace algorithm and the high accuracy of ML based algo- rithms, and then proposes a Kalman filtering based tracking algorithm to model the dynamic property of directional changes for mobile terminals in such a way that the association between the estimates made at different time points is maintained. At each stage during tracking process, the current suboptimal estimates of DOA are treated as measurements, predicted and updated via a Kalman state equation, hence adaptive tracking of moving MS can be carried out without the need to perform unduly heavy computations. Computer simulation results show that this proposed algorithm has better per- formance of DOA estimation and tracking of MS than the conventional ML or subspace based algo- rithms in terms of accuracy and robustness.展开更多
针对窄带和宽带两种情形,提出了一种基于同点正交磁环偶极子矢量天线(Co-centered orthogonal loop and dipole,COLD)阵列的联合稀疏重构信号波达方向(Direction-of-arrival,DOA)估计方法。该方法首先构造极化-空间域协方差矩阵,并对其...针对窄带和宽带两种情形,提出了一种基于同点正交磁环偶极子矢量天线(Co-centered orthogonal loop and dipole,COLD)阵列的联合稀疏重构信号波达方向(Direction-of-arrival,DOA)估计方法。该方法首先构造极化-空间域协方差矩阵,并对其第一列进行稀疏表示,在此基础上利用COLD阵列可视为相互垂直的磁环阵列和偶极子阵列这一特点,采用l2-范数约束下的凸优化(l1-范数)联合稀疏重构技术实现信号DOA估计。仿真实验表明,该方法较之现有方法具有分辨力高、估计精度高等优点。展开更多
以均匀直线阵和四阶累积量为基础,提出了一种新的空间特征盲估计算法。该算法首先利用阵列输出四阶累积量构造了一种空间特征矩阵,对其作特征分解可以得到各用户的空间特征估计。然后,在空间特征估计基础上,结合前向/共轭后向空间平滑...以均匀直线阵和四阶累积量为基础,提出了一种新的空间特征盲估计算法。该算法首先利用阵列输出四阶累积量构造了一种空间特征矩阵,对其作特征分解可以得到各用户的空间特征估计。然后,在空间特征估计基础上,结合前向/共轭后向空间平滑技术进行了多径波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计。该方法突破了传统MUSIC、ESPRIT等算法的局限,可以利用M阵元估计2M2/3个DOA,且各DOA与信源自动配对。该算法不依赖于信号具体特征,适用于任意加性高斯噪声(如有色噪声)环境。理论分析和仿真结果说明了算法的有效性和鲁棒性。展开更多
针对无人机测控与信息传输系统中地面设备笨重、跟踪速度慢等问题,提出地面天线采用智能天线的方法,利用MUSIC(MUltiple SIgnal Classification,多重信号分类)算法实现对机载终端的DOA(Direction Of Arrival,波达方向)估计,并添加去相...针对无人机测控与信息传输系统中地面设备笨重、跟踪速度慢等问题,提出地面天线采用智能天线的方法,利用MUSIC(MUltiple SIgnal Classification,多重信号分类)算法实现对机载终端的DOA(Direction Of Arrival,波达方向)估计,并添加去相关操作对抗多径,利用基于LCMV(Linearly Constrained Minimum Variance,线性约束最小方差)准则的波束成形算法完成波束赋形,相较于传统的机械跟踪方式,具有设备质量小、成本低、机动性灵活性强和跟踪速度快等优势。仿真和实际测试结果表明,采用DOA估计和波束成形算法的智能天线能够在保证高增益的同时,实时准确地估计出有用信号和多径信号的来波信号方向,并正确完成波束指向,具有很高的工程应用价值。展开更多
A novel simply-structured hybrid smart antenna system suitable to be used in ad-hoc network terminals is proposed in this letter. The super-resolution beamforming algorithm is also pre-sented based on the system using...A novel simply-structured hybrid smart antenna system suitable to be used in ad-hoc network terminals is proposed in this letter. The super-resolution beamforming algorithm is also pre-sented based on the system using DOA estimation results. The algorithm can switch the beamforming to the direction of the expected signal and get the best transmitting performance after the pre-beamforming of the Butler matrix. The shifting value formulas are presented to obtain the best SNR when there is no interfering signal and to acquire the highest Signal to Interference Ratio (SIR) as there is one interfering signal. When there are more than one interfering signals,the pre-beamforming feature of the Butler matrix can also suppress the interfering signals. Simulation results verified the algorithm.展开更多
In order to determine an appropriate attitude of three-axis stabilized communication satellites, this paper describes a novel attitude determination method using direction of arrival （DOA） estimation of a ground sig...In order to determine an appropriate attitude of three-axis stabilized communication satellites, this paper describes a novel attitude determination method using direction of arrival （DOA） estimation of a ground signal source. It differs from optical measurement, magnetic field measurement, inertial measurement, and global positioning system （GPS） attitude determination. The proposed method is characterized by taking the ground signal source as the attitude reference and acquiring attitude information from DOA estimation. Firstly, an attitude measurement equation with DOA estimation is derived in detail. Then, the error of the measurement equation is analyzed. Finally, an attitude determination algorithm is presented using a dynamic model, the attitude measurement equation, and measurement errors. A developing low Earth orbit （LEO） satellite which tests mobile communication technology with smart antennas can be stabilized in three axes by corporately using a magnetometer, reaction wheels, and three-axis magnetorquer rods. Based on the communication satellite, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. The method could be a backup of attitude determination to prevent a system failure on the satellite. Its precision depends on the number of snapshots and the input signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） with DOA estimation.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(No10304012)
文摘In the radio frequency identification (RFID) system based on surface acoustic wave (SAW) technique, some tags often locate in the field of a transceiver at the same time. These tags produce simultaneous echo signals which "collide" when they arrive back at the transceiver, which leads to difficult identification. In this paper, smart antenna technique is presented to implement anti-collision in SAW RFID system. The direction of arrivals (DOAs) are used to denote the locations of tags, and genetic algorithm (GA) is suggested to find the optimal estimates of the DOAs in complex multimodal search spaces. Once the DOAs are obtained, the array weights are formed and the signals of tags are recovered to implement decoding. The experimental results show that the GA-based smart antenna technique works well in some occasions.
文摘In wireless communication environment, the time-varying channel and angular spreads caused by multipath fading and the mobility of Mobile Stations (MS) degrade the performance of the conventional Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) tracking algorithms. On the other hand, although the DOA estimation methods based on the Maximum Likelihood (ML) principle have higher resolution than the beamforming and the subspace based methods, prohibitively heavy computation limits their practical applications. This letter first proposes a new suboptimal DOA estimation algorithm that combines the advantages of the lower complexity of subspace algorithm and the high accuracy of ML based algo- rithms, and then proposes a Kalman filtering based tracking algorithm to model the dynamic property of directional changes for mobile terminals in such a way that the association between the estimates made at different time points is maintained. At each stage during tracking process, the current suboptimal estimates of DOA are treated as measurements, predicted and updated via a Kalman state equation, hence adaptive tracking of moving MS can be carried out without the need to perform unduly heavy computations. Computer simulation results show that this proposed algorithm has better per- formance of DOA estimation and tracking of MS than the conventional ML or subspace based algo- rithms in terms of accuracy and robustness.
文摘针对窄带和宽带两种情形,提出了一种基于同点正交磁环偶极子矢量天线(Co-centered orthogonal loop and dipole,COLD)阵列的联合稀疏重构信号波达方向(Direction-of-arrival,DOA)估计方法。该方法首先构造极化-空间域协方差矩阵,并对其第一列进行稀疏表示,在此基础上利用COLD阵列可视为相互垂直的磁环阵列和偶极子阵列这一特点,采用l2-范数约束下的凸优化(l1-范数)联合稀疏重构技术实现信号DOA估计。仿真实验表明,该方法较之现有方法具有分辨力高、估计精度高等优点。
文摘以均匀直线阵和四阶累积量为基础,提出了一种新的空间特征盲估计算法。该算法首先利用阵列输出四阶累积量构造了一种空间特征矩阵,对其作特征分解可以得到各用户的空间特征估计。然后,在空间特征估计基础上,结合前向/共轭后向空间平滑技术进行了多径波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计。该方法突破了传统MUSIC、ESPRIT等算法的局限,可以利用M阵元估计2M2/3个DOA,且各DOA与信源自动配对。该算法不依赖于信号具体特征,适用于任意加性高斯噪声(如有色噪声)环境。理论分析和仿真结果说明了算法的有效性和鲁棒性。
文摘针对无人机测控与信息传输系统中地面设备笨重、跟踪速度慢等问题,提出地面天线采用智能天线的方法,利用MUSIC(MUltiple SIgnal Classification,多重信号分类)算法实现对机载终端的DOA(Direction Of Arrival,波达方向)估计,并添加去相关操作对抗多径,利用基于LCMV(Linearly Constrained Minimum Variance,线性约束最小方差)准则的波束成形算法完成波束赋形,相较于传统的机械跟踪方式,具有设备质量小、成本低、机动性灵活性强和跟踪速度快等优势。仿真和实际测试结果表明,采用DOA估计和波束成形算法的智能天线能够在保证高增益的同时,实时准确地估计出有用信号和多径信号的来波信号方向,并正确完成波束指向,具有很高的工程应用价值。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No.60402005).
文摘A novel simply-structured hybrid smart antenna system suitable to be used in ad-hoc network terminals is proposed in this letter. The super-resolution beamforming algorithm is also pre-sented based on the system using DOA estimation results. The algorithm can switch the beamforming to the direction of the expected signal and get the best transmitting performance after the pre-beamforming of the Butler matrix. The shifting value formulas are presented to obtain the best SNR when there is no interfering signal and to acquire the highest Signal to Interference Ratio (SIR) as there is one interfering signal. When there are more than one interfering signals,the pre-beamforming feature of the Butler matrix can also suppress the interfering signals. Simulation results verified the algorithm.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61073012)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (No. 20111951015)
文摘In order to determine an appropriate attitude of three-axis stabilized communication satellites, this paper describes a novel attitude determination method using direction of arrival （DOA） estimation of a ground signal source. It differs from optical measurement, magnetic field measurement, inertial measurement, and global positioning system （GPS） attitude determination. The proposed method is characterized by taking the ground signal source as the attitude reference and acquiring attitude information from DOA estimation. Firstly, an attitude measurement equation with DOA estimation is derived in detail. Then, the error of the measurement equation is analyzed. Finally, an attitude determination algorithm is presented using a dynamic model, the attitude measurement equation, and measurement errors. A developing low Earth orbit （LEO） satellite which tests mobile communication technology with smart antennas can be stabilized in three axes by corporately using a magnetometer, reaction wheels, and three-axis magnetorquer rods. Based on the communication satellite, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. The method could be a backup of attitude determination to prevent a system failure on the satellite. Its precision depends on the number of snapshots and the input signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） with DOA estimation.
