BACKGROUND Functional bowel disorder(FBD)may be caused by a decrease in disaccharidase activity.Thus,the timely diagnosis of disaccharidase deficiency could lead to a better prognosis in patients with this condition.A...BACKGROUND Functional bowel disorder(FBD)may be caused by a decrease in disaccharidase activity.Thus,the timely diagnosis of disaccharidase deficiency could lead to a better prognosis in patients with this condition.AIM To determine the potential value of intestinal disaccharidases glucoamylase,maltase,sucrase,and lactase in understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of FBD.METHODS A total of 82 FBD patients were examined.According to the Rome IV criteria(2016),23 patients had diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),33 had functional diarrhea,10 had constipation-predominant IBS,4 had functional constipation,and 12 had mixed IBS.The Dahlqvist method was used to measure disaccharidase activity in the brush-border membrane of mature enterocytes of the small intestine,in duodenal biopsies obtained during esophagogastroduodenoscopy.RESULTS Lactase deficiency was detected in 86.5%of patients,maltase deficiency in 48.7%,sucrase deficiency in 50%,and glucoamylase deficiency in 84.1%.The activities of all enzymes were reduced in 31.7%of patients,and carbohydrase deficiency was detected in 63.5%of patients.The low activity of enzymes involved in membrane digestion in the small intestine was found in 95.2%of patients.CONCLUSION In 78 of the 82 patients with FBD,gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with disaccharidase deficiency.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the utility of intestinal disaccharide analysis during esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD)in children,we performed a systematic review of studies examining disaccharide activity.METHODS:All full-length ...AIM:To investigate the utility of intestinal disaccharide analysis during esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD)in children,we performed a systematic review of studies examining disaccharide activity.METHODS:All full-length articles published in English during 1966-2014 were included if:(1)participants had small intestinal biopsy evaluation of disaccharide activity;(2)levels of lactase,sucrase,maltase or palatinase were reported;and(3)age of participants was under 18 years.RESULTS:Thirty articles examining 34753 disaccharide assays fulfilled the specific search,inclusion,and exclusion criteria.All of the studies were observational in design and 57%(17)were prospective.Sixteen studies were conducted in the United States and 9European studies were identified.The biggest study enrolled about 30,314 procedures and 13 studies investigated fewer than 50 procedures.Eleven studies examined Caucasian subjects,3 studies examined Asian subjects,and 6 examined African subjects.Only one Hispanic subject was included.In studies reporting disaccharide deficiency,the overall proportion of lactase deficiency was 39.2%,sucrase deficiency was9.0%,maltase deficiency was 12.6%and palatinase deficiency was 9.1%.The prevalence of duodenal inflammatory changes ranged from 6%to 24%for nonspecific histological lesions(e.g.,duodenitis).Sixteen studies examined the association of histologic findings with disaccharide activities,and 12 studies reported an inverse association between degree of histologic inflammation and disaccharide levels.CONCLUSION:We reviewed 30 studies including34753 biopsy specimens with disaccharide analysis from children undergoing EGD.Our findings advocate a large study is to further illuminate the importance of EGDwith disaccharide analysis in children.展开更多
Hypoglycemic effects were investigated in the ethanolic extract of fruits of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. with long evans rats (100-120 g). Residual gut sucrose content, gut perfusion and disaccharidase activity studies ...Hypoglycemic effects were investigated in the ethanolic extract of fruits of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. with long evans rats (100-120 g). Residual gut sucrose content, gut perfusion and disaccharidase activity studies were carried out to assess these activities. The residual gut sucrose content study was carried out to reveal the amount of sucrose remaining in the gastro intestinal tract (GIT) at six different segments. The ethanolic fruit extract of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. significantly increases the residual sucrose content throughout the gut after sucrose ingestion. Study on intestinal enzyme activity showed that the extract caused a significant (p 0.05), dose dependent inhibition of intestinal disaccharidase enzyme activity. Evaluation of the effect of the plant extract on intestinal enzyme activity showed significant inhibition of intestinal disaccharidase activity, suggesting that reduction of sucrose absorption may be partly related to the inhibition of disaccharidase activity in the gut. The gut perfusion analysis showed that the extract significantly reduced intestinal glucose absorption. The results of the present study suggest that ethanolic extract of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. has significant antidiabetic effects in a dose dependent manner and this may be effective in the treatment of diabetes.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Functional bowel disorder(FBD)may be caused by a decrease in disaccharidase activity.Thus,the timely diagnosis of disaccharidase deficiency could lead to a better prognosis in patients with this condition.AIM To determine the potential value of intestinal disaccharidases glucoamylase,maltase,sucrase,and lactase in understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of FBD.METHODS A total of 82 FBD patients were examined.According to the Rome IV criteria(2016),23 patients had diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),33 had functional diarrhea,10 had constipation-predominant IBS,4 had functional constipation,and 12 had mixed IBS.The Dahlqvist method was used to measure disaccharidase activity in the brush-border membrane of mature enterocytes of the small intestine,in duodenal biopsies obtained during esophagogastroduodenoscopy.RESULTS Lactase deficiency was detected in 86.5%of patients,maltase deficiency in 48.7%,sucrase deficiency in 50%,and glucoamylase deficiency in 84.1%.The activities of all enzymes were reduced in 31.7%of patients,and carbohydrase deficiency was detected in 63.5%of patients.The low activity of enzymes involved in membrane digestion in the small intestine was found in 95.2%of patients.CONCLUSION In 78 of the 82 patients with FBD,gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with disaccharidase deficiency.
文摘AIM:To investigate the utility of intestinal disaccharide analysis during esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD)in children,we performed a systematic review of studies examining disaccharide activity.METHODS:All full-length articles published in English during 1966-2014 were included if:(1)participants had small intestinal biopsy evaluation of disaccharide activity;(2)levels of lactase,sucrase,maltase or palatinase were reported;and(3)age of participants was under 18 years.RESULTS:Thirty articles examining 34753 disaccharide assays fulfilled the specific search,inclusion,and exclusion criteria.All of the studies were observational in design and 57%(17)were prospective.Sixteen studies were conducted in the United States and 9European studies were identified.The biggest study enrolled about 30,314 procedures and 13 studies investigated fewer than 50 procedures.Eleven studies examined Caucasian subjects,3 studies examined Asian subjects,and 6 examined African subjects.Only one Hispanic subject was included.In studies reporting disaccharide deficiency,the overall proportion of lactase deficiency was 39.2%,sucrase deficiency was9.0%,maltase deficiency was 12.6%and palatinase deficiency was 9.1%.The prevalence of duodenal inflammatory changes ranged from 6%to 24%for nonspecific histological lesions(e.g.,duodenitis).Sixteen studies examined the association of histologic findings with disaccharide activities,and 12 studies reported an inverse association between degree of histologic inflammation and disaccharide levels.CONCLUSION:We reviewed 30 studies including34753 biopsy specimens with disaccharide analysis from children undergoing EGD.Our findings advocate a large study is to further illuminate the importance of EGDwith disaccharide analysis in children.
文摘Hypoglycemic effects were investigated in the ethanolic extract of fruits of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. with long evans rats (100-120 g). Residual gut sucrose content, gut perfusion and disaccharidase activity studies were carried out to assess these activities. The residual gut sucrose content study was carried out to reveal the amount of sucrose remaining in the gastro intestinal tract (GIT) at six different segments. The ethanolic fruit extract of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. significantly increases the residual sucrose content throughout the gut after sucrose ingestion. Study on intestinal enzyme activity showed that the extract caused a significant (p 0.05), dose dependent inhibition of intestinal disaccharidase enzyme activity. Evaluation of the effect of the plant extract on intestinal enzyme activity showed significant inhibition of intestinal disaccharidase activity, suggesting that reduction of sucrose absorption may be partly related to the inhibition of disaccharidase activity in the gut. The gut perfusion analysis showed that the extract significantly reduced intestinal glucose absorption. The results of the present study suggest that ethanolic extract of Phyllanthus emblica Linn. has significant antidiabetic effects in a dose dependent manner and this may be effective in the treatment of diabetes.
