We propose a new design of the high channel capacity in Mobile Ad Hoc Network that uses the dense wave-length division multiplexing wavelength enhancement, in which the increasing in channel capacity and sig-nal secur...We propose a new design of the high channel capacity in Mobile Ad Hoc Network that uses the dense wave-length division multiplexing wavelength enhancement, in which the increasing in channel capacity and sig-nal security can be provided. The increasing in number of channel can be obtained by the increasing in wavelength density, while the security is introduced by the specific wavelength filter, which is operated by the Ad Hoc node operator and link with other nodes in coverage by dedicated one-to-one in direct or relay node. The optical communication wavelength enhancement is reviewed. The advantage is that the proposed system can be implemented and used incorporating with the existed communication link in both infrastruc-ture-based and Ad Hoc networks wireless network, where the privacy can be provided, which is discussed in details.展开更多
The formation and maintenance of the innovation capacity of our textile industry does not only have to do with the sustainable development of textile industry itself,but also directly decides the international competi...The formation and maintenance of the innovation capacity of our textile industry does not only have to do with the sustainable development of textile industry itself,but also directly decides the international competition展开更多
The seismic performance of bridges depends on the ductile behavior of its column, as the deck and other substructural components except pile foundations are normally designed to be elastic to facilitate bridge retrofi...The seismic performance of bridges depends on the ductile behavior of its column, as the deck and other substructural components except pile foundations are normally designed to be elastic to facilitate bridge retrofitting. Codes such as AASHTO, Caltrans, IRC： 112 etc. give guidelines for the seismic performance enhancement of columns through ductile detailing. In the present study, a methodology for the seismic performance enhancement of bridges is discussed by using a ＂Parameter-Based Influence Factor＂ （PIF） developed from factorial analysis. The parameters considered in the factorial analysis are： percentage of longitudinal reinforcement （Pt）, compressive strength of concrete （f＇c）, yield strength of steel （fy）, spacing of lateral ties （5） and column height （/4）. The influence of each parameter and their combination on the limit states considered is estimated. Pushover analysis is used to evaluate the capacity of columns, considering shear failure criteria. A total of 243 （35 combinations） analysis results are compiled to develop ＇PIF＇ used in the performance enhancement process. The study also encompasses other sub-objectives such as evaluating the discrepancies in using the Importance Factor （/） in designing bridges of varied functional importance; and estimating the aspect ratio and slenderness ratio values of bridge columns for its initial sizing.展开更多
Purpose： The oil and gas gathering and processing facility of Kuwait Oil Company is built with a nameplate capacity of X MBOPD （thousand barrels oil per day） with 50% water cut. However, the facility was operating ...Purpose： The oil and gas gathering and processing facility of Kuwait Oil Company is built with a nameplate capacity of X MBOPD （thousand barrels oil per day） with 50% water cut. However, the facility was operating with a water cut of 35%. This comprehensive technical study was conducted to evaluate possibility of increasing oil processing capacity of this facility in line with current lower water cut and other operational flexibilities available in the facility without utilizing its design margin. Topic： This paper shares an innovative approach to increase name plate capacity of oil and gas processing facility utilizing available operational flexibility and operational margins with minor modification. It shares a case study where facility capacity is increased by around 19% without utilizing design margins of equipment or pipeline. Method： The study includes theoretical verification and analysis of all major equipment and piping to identify available capacity and limitation, in order to utilize available additional margin and to propose debottleneck options to overcome limitations. Achievement： The study confirmed that, facility name plate capacity can be revised from X MBOPD （with 50% w.c （water cut）） to X ＋ 32 MBOPD （with： 45% w.c） minor modification in separator and utilizing margin available in feed specification ofdesalter trains.展开更多
[目的]通过总结上海城市轨道交通既有线运能提升改造项目的实施经验,为其提出有效的运能提升方法及具体案例。[方法]深入分析上海轨道交通既有线运能不足的主要原因及其影响因素;基于这些分析,提出运能提升的技术路线及5大核心策略;详...[目的]通过总结上海城市轨道交通既有线运能提升改造项目的实施经验,为其提出有效的运能提升方法及具体案例。[方法]深入分析上海轨道交通既有线运能不足的主要原因及其影响因素;基于这些分析,提出运能提升的技术路线及5大核心策略;详细介绍了上海轨道交通9号线实现1 min 50 s最小行车间隔、3号线与4号线增能改造、5号线从4节编组扩编至6节编组、6号线增能改造及增设复线等成功案例。[结果及结论]影响线路运能的主要因素包括车辆基地规模、区间通过能力、出入场能力,以及供电能力等。针对这些因素,确定了运能提升的技术路线,即从客流预测及客流特征分析入手,进行设施设备能力评估,设计行车交路方案,最终形成科学的改造方案。同时,提出了5大策略:运营管理优化、既有系统能力挖潜及改造、信号系统升级或土建局部改造、系统规模性改造及线网整体优化。展开更多
In current practice of bolt reaming and anchoring of roadways in soft coal and rock mass,resin cartridges bend easily under the strong pushing and stirring of bolts,and the resin accumulates in the bolt-reamed area an...In current practice of bolt reaming and anchoring of roadways in soft coal and rock mass,resin cartridges bend easily under the strong pushing and stirring of bolts,and the resin accumulates in the bolt-reamed area and does not participate in the stirring.As a result,bolts encounter high drilling resistance and cannot reach the bottom of drillholes.The effective anchorage length is far less than the actual anchorage length.Bolts are not centered,and the shear is misaligned at the joint surface in the reaming area,which leads to cracking of the whole anchoring solid and large shear deformation of bolts.This study systematically analyzes the characteristics of roadway bolt reaming and anchoring.The influences of resin stirring force,bolt pull-out force,and reamingeanchoring solid strength on reamingeanchoring performance were analyzed theoretically.The main purpose is to develop a device that enhances reaming and anchoring.The mechanism through which the device strengthens the reamingeanchoring solid was analyzed theoretically.Numerical simulation and experiments were carried out to verify the improved performance of the small-pore reaming and anchoring using the proposed technology.The results showed that the stirring migration rate of the resin cartridge is greatly improved by adding the device to bolts.The reaction rate of the anchoring mixture,stirring pressure,pull-out force of the reaming and anchoring system,bolt concentricity,and shear and compressive strengths of the anchoring solid are also enhanced in the reaming area.This ensures that the resin cartridge in the reaming area is completely stirred,which greatly improves the shear resistance of the reamingeanchoring solid.Meanwhile,the drilling performance,torsional force,and stirring efficiency of bolts are maximized and prevail over those of conventional bolts.展开更多
本文介绍了ISO 55012 Asset management—Guidance on people involvement and competence标准的研制背景,解析了标准主要的技术内容,并结合ISO最新系列文件探讨了标准的应用前景。文中强调了资产管理不再局限于资产本身,而是关注资产...本文介绍了ISO 55012 Asset management—Guidance on people involvement and competence标准的研制背景,解析了标准主要的技术内容,并结合ISO最新系列文件探讨了标准的应用前景。文中强调了资产管理不再局限于资产本身,而是关注资产价值及其驱动因素。ISO 55012通过明确人员参与和能力提升的关键要素,帮助组织建立有知识、有沟通、有持续发展能力的资产管理团队,以支持资产管理目标的实现。展开更多
The modeling of heat recovery from an enhanced geothermal system(EGS)requires rock thermal parameters as inputs such as thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity.These parameters may encounter significant variat...The modeling of heat recovery from an enhanced geothermal system(EGS)requires rock thermal parameters as inputs such as thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity.These parameters may encounter significant variations due to the reduction of rock temperature during heat recovery.In the present study,we investigate the effect of temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity on the thermal performance of EGS reservoirs.Equations describing the relationships between thermal conductivity/specific heat capacity and temperature from previous experimental studies were incorporated in a field-scale single-fracture EGS model.The modeling results indicate that the increase of thermal conductivity caused by temperature reduction accelerates thermal conduction from rock formations to fracture fluid,and thus improves thermal performance.The decrease of specific heat capacity due to temperature reduction,on the contrary,impairs the thermal performance but the impact is smaller than that of the increase of thermal conductivity.Due to the opposite effects of thermal conductivity increase and specific heat capacity decrease,the overall effect of temperature-dependent thermal parameters is relatively small.Assuming constant thermal parameters measured at room temperature appears to be able to provide acceptable predictions of EGS thermal performance.展开更多
文摘We propose a new design of the high channel capacity in Mobile Ad Hoc Network that uses the dense wave-length division multiplexing wavelength enhancement, in which the increasing in channel capacity and sig-nal security can be provided. The increasing in number of channel can be obtained by the increasing in wavelength density, while the security is introduced by the specific wavelength filter, which is operated by the Ad Hoc node operator and link with other nodes in coverage by dedicated one-to-one in direct or relay node. The optical communication wavelength enhancement is reviewed. The advantage is that the proposed system can be implemented and used incorporating with the existed communication link in both infrastruc-ture-based and Ad Hoc networks wireless network, where the privacy can be provided, which is discussed in details.
文摘The formation and maintenance of the innovation capacity of our textile industry does not only have to do with the sustainable development of textile industry itself,but also directly decides the international competition
文摘The seismic performance of bridges depends on the ductile behavior of its column, as the deck and other substructural components except pile foundations are normally designed to be elastic to facilitate bridge retrofitting. Codes such as AASHTO, Caltrans, IRC： 112 etc. give guidelines for the seismic performance enhancement of columns through ductile detailing. In the present study, a methodology for the seismic performance enhancement of bridges is discussed by using a ＂Parameter-Based Influence Factor＂ （PIF） developed from factorial analysis. The parameters considered in the factorial analysis are： percentage of longitudinal reinforcement （Pt）, compressive strength of concrete （f＇c）, yield strength of steel （fy）, spacing of lateral ties （5） and column height （/4）. The influence of each parameter and their combination on the limit states considered is estimated. Pushover analysis is used to evaluate the capacity of columns, considering shear failure criteria. A total of 243 （35 combinations） analysis results are compiled to develop ＇PIF＇ used in the performance enhancement process. The study also encompasses other sub-objectives such as evaluating the discrepancies in using the Importance Factor （/） in designing bridges of varied functional importance; and estimating the aspect ratio and slenderness ratio values of bridge columns for its initial sizing.
文摘Purpose： The oil and gas gathering and processing facility of Kuwait Oil Company is built with a nameplate capacity of X MBOPD （thousand barrels oil per day） with 50% water cut. However, the facility was operating with a water cut of 35%. This comprehensive technical study was conducted to evaluate possibility of increasing oil processing capacity of this facility in line with current lower water cut and other operational flexibilities available in the facility without utilizing its design margin. Topic： This paper shares an innovative approach to increase name plate capacity of oil and gas processing facility utilizing available operational flexibility and operational margins with minor modification. It shares a case study where facility capacity is increased by around 19% without utilizing design margins of equipment or pipeline. Method： The study includes theoretical verification and analysis of all major equipment and piping to identify available capacity and limitation, in order to utilize available additional margin and to propose debottleneck options to overcome limitations. Achievement： The study confirmed that, facility name plate capacity can be revised from X MBOPD （with 50% w.c （water cut）） to X ＋ 32 MBOPD （with： 45% w.c） minor modification in separator and utilizing margin available in feed specification ofdesalter trains.
文摘[目的]通过总结上海城市轨道交通既有线运能提升改造项目的实施经验,为其提出有效的运能提升方法及具体案例。[方法]深入分析上海轨道交通既有线运能不足的主要原因及其影响因素;基于这些分析,提出运能提升的技术路线及5大核心策略;详细介绍了上海轨道交通9号线实现1 min 50 s最小行车间隔、3号线与4号线增能改造、5号线从4节编组扩编至6节编组、6号线增能改造及增设复线等成功案例。[结果及结论]影响线路运能的主要因素包括车辆基地规模、区间通过能力、出入场能力,以及供电能力等。针对这些因素,确定了运能提升的技术路线,即从客流预测及客流特征分析入手,进行设施设备能力评估,设计行车交路方案,最终形成科学的改造方案。同时,提出了5大策略:运营管理优化、既有系统能力挖潜及改造、信号系统升级或土建局部改造、系统规模性改造及线网整体优化。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Liaoning Joint Fund Key Project(Grant No.U1908222)the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Science Fund(Grant No.52104087).
文摘In current practice of bolt reaming and anchoring of roadways in soft coal and rock mass,resin cartridges bend easily under the strong pushing and stirring of bolts,and the resin accumulates in the bolt-reamed area and does not participate in the stirring.As a result,bolts encounter high drilling resistance and cannot reach the bottom of drillholes.The effective anchorage length is far less than the actual anchorage length.Bolts are not centered,and the shear is misaligned at the joint surface in the reaming area,which leads to cracking of the whole anchoring solid and large shear deformation of bolts.This study systematically analyzes the characteristics of roadway bolt reaming and anchoring.The influences of resin stirring force,bolt pull-out force,and reamingeanchoring solid strength on reamingeanchoring performance were analyzed theoretically.The main purpose is to develop a device that enhances reaming and anchoring.The mechanism through which the device strengthens the reamingeanchoring solid was analyzed theoretically.Numerical simulation and experiments were carried out to verify the improved performance of the small-pore reaming and anchoring using the proposed technology.The results showed that the stirring migration rate of the resin cartridge is greatly improved by adding the device to bolts.The reaction rate of the anchoring mixture,stirring pressure,pull-out force of the reaming and anchoring system,bolt concentricity,and shear and compressive strengths of the anchoring solid are also enhanced in the reaming area.This ensures that the resin cartridge in the reaming area is completely stirred,which greatly improves the shear resistance of the reamingeanchoring solid.Meanwhile,the drilling performance,torsional force,and stirring efficiency of bolts are maximized and prevail over those of conventional bolts.
文摘本文介绍了ISO 55012 Asset management—Guidance on people involvement and competence标准的研制背景,解析了标准主要的技术内容,并结合ISO最新系列文件探讨了标准的应用前景。文中强调了资产管理不再局限于资产本身,而是关注资产价值及其驱动因素。ISO 55012通过明确人员参与和能力提升的关键要素,帮助组织建立有知识、有沟通、有持续发展能力的资产管理团队,以支持资产管理目标的实现。
基金greatly acknowledge the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA0716000)the China National Petroleum Corporation-Peking University Strategic Cooperation Project of Fundamental Research.
文摘The modeling of heat recovery from an enhanced geothermal system(EGS)requires rock thermal parameters as inputs such as thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity.These parameters may encounter significant variations due to the reduction of rock temperature during heat recovery.In the present study,we investigate the effect of temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity on the thermal performance of EGS reservoirs.Equations describing the relationships between thermal conductivity/specific heat capacity and temperature from previous experimental studies were incorporated in a field-scale single-fracture EGS model.The modeling results indicate that the increase of thermal conductivity caused by temperature reduction accelerates thermal conduction from rock formations to fracture fluid,and thus improves thermal performance.The decrease of specific heat capacity due to temperature reduction,on the contrary,impairs the thermal performance but the impact is smaller than that of the increase of thermal conductivity.Due to the opposite effects of thermal conductivity increase and specific heat capacity decrease,the overall effect of temperature-dependent thermal parameters is relatively small.Assuming constant thermal parameters measured at room temperature appears to be able to provide acceptable predictions of EGS thermal performance.
