LociScan,a tool for screening genetic marker combinations for plant variety discrimination

To reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of plant genetic marker fingerprinting for variety discrimination,it is desirable to identify the optimal marker combinations.We describe a marker combination screening model based on the genetic algorithm(GA)and implemented in a software tool,Loci Scan.Ratio-based variety discrimination power provided the largest optimization space among multiple fitness functions.Among GA parameters,an increase in population size and generation number enlarged optimization depth but also calculation workload.Exhaustive algorithm afforded the same optimization depth as GA but vastly increased calculation time.In comparison with two other software tools,Loci Scan accommodated missing data,reduced calculation time,and offered more fitness functions.In large datasets,the sample size of training data exerted the strongest influence on calculation time,whereas the marker size of training data showed no effect,and target marker number had limited effect on analysis speed.

Proposal of a Deuterium-Deuterium Fusion Reactor Intended for a Large Power Plant

This article looks for the necessary conditions to use Deuterium-Deuterium (D-D) fusion for a large power plant. At the moment, for nearly all the projects (JET, ITER…) only the Deuterium-Tritium (D-T) fuel is considered for a power plant. However, as shown in this article, even if a D-D reactor would be necessarily much bigger than a D-T reactor due to the much weaker fusion reactivity of the D-D fusion compared to the D-T fusion, a D-D reactor size would remain under an acceptable size. Indeed, a D-D power plant would be necessarily large and powerful, i.e. the net electric power would be equal to a minimum of 1.2 GWe and preferably above 10 GWe. A D-D reactor would be less complex than a D-T reactor as it is not necessary to obtain Tritium from the reactor itself. It is proposed the same type of reactor yet proposed by the author in a previous article, i.e. a Stellarator “racetrack” magnetic loop. The working of this reactor is continuous. It is reminded that the Deuterium is relatively abundant on the sea water, and so it constitutes an almost inexhaustible source of energy. Thanks to secondary fusions (D-T and D-He3) which both occur at an appreciable level above 100 keV, plasma can stabilize around such high equilibrium energy (i.e. between 100 and 150 keV). The mechanical gain (Q) of such reactor increases with the internal pipe radius, up to 4.5 m. A radius of 4.5 m permits a mechanical gain (Q) of about 17 which thanks to a modern thermo-dynamical conversion would lead to convert about 21% of the thermal power issued from the D-D reactor in a net electric power of 20 GWe. The goal of the article is to create a physical model of the D-D reactor so as to estimate this one without the need of a simulator and finally to estimate the dimensions, power and yield of such D-D reactor for different net electrical powers. The difficulties of the modeling of such reactor are listed in this article and would certainly be applicable to a future D-He3 reactor, if any.

基于D-分割法的直流变换器遗传自抗扰控制器设计

针对光伏发电系统中DC-DC变换器由于负载和工作环境条件变化等扰动引起的输出波动问题,提出一种基于D-分割法的直流变换器遗传自抗扰控制器(ADRC)设计方法。该方法适用于设计光伏发电领域中的双向DC-DC变换器,采用D-分割法获得满足闭环系统鲁棒稳定的ADRC控制器参数范围;利用具有全局寻优能力的遗传算法,按综合性能指标在该范围内进行参数寻优。实验结果表明,所提基于D-分割法的直流变换器遗传自抗扰控制器设计方法能有效抑制微网母线侧的电压波动和负载突变,提高控制器的鲁棒性,增强光伏发电系统的动态响应性能和抗干扰能力。

基于D类功放的定向声频系统设计

为解决传统声音传播发散性和无指向性所带来的噪声扰民问题,设计实现了一种以超声波为载体,依据其具有波束窄、指向性强的特点和空气非线性实现的自解调原理,以D类功率放大器为核心的定向声频系统。经过实际使用,该系统工作稳定,定向性好,可以较好的解决噪声扰民问题。

西门子SIMADYND交-交变频主传动系统深度保养技术介绍

变频器的维护与保养是确保其正常运行和延长使用寿命的重要环节。通过检查变频器的外部环境、电源及电气连接、散热器和风扇的清洁、绝缘性能的检查以及软件和固件的更新升级等,我们可以有效地管理和保养变频器,提高其可靠性和稳定性。

Application of tensor CSAMT with high-power orthogonal signal sources in Jiama porphyry copper deposit,South Tibet

The Jiama porphyry copper deposit in Tibet is one of the proven supergiant copper deposits in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at present,with the reserves of geological resources equivalent to nearly 20×10^(6) t.However,it features wavy and steep terrain,leading to extremely difficult field operation and heavy interference.This study attempts to determine the effects of the tensor controlled-source audiomagnetotellurics(CSAMT)with high-power orthogonal signal sources(also referred to as the high-power tensor CSAMT)when it is applied to the deep geophysical exploration in plateaus with complex terrain and mining areas with strong interference.The test results show that the high current provided by the highpower tensor CSAMT not only greatly improved the signal-to-noise ratio but also guaranteed that effective signals were received in the case of a long transmitter-receiver distance.Meanwhile,the tensor data better described the anisotropy of deep geologic bodies.In addition,the tests also show that when the transmitting current reaches 60 A,it is still guaranteed that strong enough signals can be received in the case of the transmitter-receiver distance of about 25 km,sounding curves show no near field effect,and effective exploration depth can reach 3 km.The 2D inversion results are roughly consistent with drilling results,indicating that the high-power tensor CSAMT can be used to achieve nearly actual characteristics of underground electrical structures.Therefore,this method has great potential for application in deep geophysical exploration in plateaus and mining areas with complex terrain and strong interference,respectively.This study not only serves as important guidance on the prospecting in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau but also can be used as positive references for deep mineral exploration in other areas.

Soft transmission of 3D video for low power and low complexity scenario

Thanks to the rapid development of naked-eye 3D and wireless communication technology,3D video related applications on mobile devices have attracted a lot of attention.Nevertheless,the time-varying characteristics of the wireless channel is very challenging for conventional source-channel coding based transmission strategy.Also,the high complexity of source-channel coding based transmission scheme is undesired for low power mobile terminals.An advanced transmission scheme named Softcast was proposed to achieve efficient transmission performance for 2D image/video.Unfortunately,it cannot be directly applied to wireless 3D video transmission with high efficiency.This paper proposes a more efficient soft transmission scheme for 3D video with a graceful quality adaptation within a wide range of channel Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR).The proposed method first extends the linear transform to 4 dimensions with additional view dimension to eliminate the view redundancy,and then metadata optimization and chunk interleaving are designed to further improve the transmission performance.Meanwhile,a synthesis distortion based chunk discard strategy is developed to improve the overall 3D video quality under the condition of limited bandwidth.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly improves the 3D video transmission performance over the wireless channel for low power and low complexity scenarios.

Resource allocation for D2D-assisted haptic communications

Haptic communications is recognized as a promising enabler of extensive services by enabling real-time haptic control and feedback in remote environments,e.g.,teleoperation and autonomous driving.Considering the strict transmission requirements on reliability and latency,Device-to-Device(D2D)communications is introduced to assist haptic communications.In particular,the teleoperators with poor channel quality are assisted by auxiliaries,and each auxiliary and its corresponding teleoperator constitute a D2D pair.However,the haptic interaction and the scarcity of radio resources pose severe challenges to the resource allocation,especially facing the sporadic packet arrivals.First,the contentionbased access scheme is applied to achieve low-latency transmission,where the resource scheduling latency is omitted and users can directly access available resources.In this context,we derive the reliability index of D2D pairs under the contention-based access scheme,i.e.,closed-loop packet error probability.Then,the reliability performance is guaranteed by bidirectional power control,which aims to minimize the sum packet error probability of all D2D pairs.Potential game theory is introduced to solve the problem with low complexity.Accordingly,a distributed power control algorithm based on synchronous log-linear learning is proposed to converge to the optimal Nash Equilibrium.Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed learning algorithm.

Analysis of Tidal Current Energy Potential in the Major Channels of the Bohai Strait Based on Delft3D

The utilization and development of tidal current energy can help alleviate the current energy shortage,improve the global ecological environment,and maintain sustainable development.In this study,numerical simulation is carried out on a rectangular grid using Delft3D.The tidal current energy potential of the major channels in the Bohai Strait is further simulated and estimated by comparing the simulated and measured data.Results show that the flow module in Delft3D has good modeling ability for the assessment of tidal current energy potential.The average flow velocity,maximum flow velocity,and energy flow density are consistent.The Laotieshan Channel,located in the northern part of the Bohai Strait,shows a large tidal current energy potential.The maximum flow velocity of this channel can reach 2 m s-1,and the maximum energy flow density can exceed 500 W m-2.The tidal current energy in the Laotieshan Channel is more than 10 times that in other channels.Therefore,this study advocates for the continued exploration and exploitation of the tidal current energy resources in the Laotieshan Channel.

An Improved Power Efficient Clock Pulsed D Flip-flop Using Transmission Gate

Recent digital applications will require highly efficient and high-speed gadgets and it is related to the minimum delay and power consumption.The proposed work deals with a low-power clock pulsed data flip-flop(D flip-flop)using a transmission gate.To accomplish a power-efficient pulsed D flip-flop,clock gating is proposed.The gated clock reduces the unnecessary switching of the transistors in the circuit and thus reduces the dynamic power consumption.The clock gating approach is employed by using an AND gate to disrupt the clock input to the circuit as per the control signal called Enable.Due to this process,the clock gets turned off to reduce power consumption when there is no change in the output.The proposed transmission gate-based pulsed D flip-flop’s performance with clock gating and without clock gating circuit is analyzed.The proposed pulsed D flip-flop power consumption is 1.586μw less than the without clock gated flip-flop.Also,the authors have designed a 3-bit serial-in and parallel-out shift register using the proposed D flip-flop and analyzed the performance.Tanner Electronic Design Automation tool is used to simulate all the circuits with 45 nm technology.

Graph neural network-based scheduling for multi-UAV-enabled communications in D2D networks

In this paper,we jointly design the power control and position dispatch for Multi-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)-enabled communication in Device-to-Device(D2D)networks.Our objective is to maximize the total transmission rate of Downlink Users(DUs).Meanwhile,the Quality of Service(QoS)of all D2D users must be satisfied.We comprehensively considered the interference among D2D communications and downlink transmissions.The original problem is strongly non-convex,which requires high computational complexity for traditional optimization methods.And to make matters worse,the results are not necessarily globally optimal.In this paper,we propose a novel Graph Neural Networks(GNN)based approach that can map the considered system into a specific graph structure and achieve the optimal solution in a low complexity manner.Particularly,we first construct a GNN-based model for the proposed network,in which the transmission links and interference links are formulated as vertexes and edges,respectively.Then,by taking the channel state information and the coordinates of ground users as the inputs,as well as the location of UAVs and the transmission power of all transmitters as outputs,we obtain the mapping from inputs to outputs through training the parameters of GNN.Simulation results verified that the way to maximize the total transmission rate of DUs can be extracted effectively via the training on samples.Moreover,it also shows that the performance of proposed GNN-based method is better than that of traditional means.

D类音频功放的双声道转单声道电路设计

本文设计了一种适用于D类音频功放的双声道转单声道电路,可有效将立体声放大器转换为单声放大器。该电路有效降低了功放的输出阻抗,减小了输出功率管的耗散功率,提升了效率;同时,因其并行工作的原理,单声道模式的总承载电流增大,相同总谐波失真下单声道模式的最大输出功率得到提升。

自动双向限幅D类功放的前置放大器设计

为了解决D类功放器高音不够高、低音不够低、声音硬不悦耳以及SPWM信号发生器会产生过调制现象,从而烧毁驱动电路元件和电流开关功率元件的问题,设计了一款具有自动双向限幅阻容耦合宽带D类功放的前置放大器。采用瓷介电容进行高频提升;采用旁路电容提高超低频增益;采用固定偏置单电源电路供电,充分使放大器工作在线性区;采用滤波和负反馈方式降低噪声干扰,提高电路的信噪比;采用波谷灌电流法提高低谷电平,并采用波峰分电流法实时降低波峰处的过冲峰值电压,从而消除音频信号或高频恒幅三角波调制引起的过调制。该前置放大器具有频带响应宽(0.10 Hz~750 kHz)、线性好、无失真以及无噪声的特点,大幅度提高了D类音频功率放大器的性能。此外,该前置放大器还具有高效率、低功耗、高保真、低成本、大功率、小体积的优点,为全面推广做好了充分准备。

基于云D-S证据理论的极端天气下电力系统应急能力评判

以提高应对极端天气下电力系统突发事件能力为目标,将电力系统应急能力作为研究对象,提出基于云模型和证据理论融合的评估算法。采用层次分析法和熵值法相结合的方法确定应急指标权重,运用云模型做为基础对电力系统应急能力进行评估,以解决评价指标模糊性和随机性的问题,并引入D-S证据理论对指标进行综合评估,构建极端天气下电力系统的应急能力评估模型。通过案例证明,该方法可以有效准确地定量和定性评估电力网系统的应急能力,为提高电力网系统的应急管理能力提供科学依据。

新电改背景下D电力公司成本预算精细化管理研究

电力行业的发展关系国计民生,是社会主义现代化建设的坚实保障。为满足新时期经济转型升级要求,国家对电网体系进行了一系列深化改革,通过新电改全面推动电力公司的市场化运行。在此背景下,文章选择以D电力公司为例,在探讨电力公司成本预算精细化管理价值的基础上,分析其成本预算管理存在的问题,进而提出针对性的管理策略,希望对电力公司更好地开展成本预算精细化管理提供一定的借鉴。

基于GT-Power DoE的柴油机进气系统多目标多参数优化

为进一步提升某船用柴油机的动力性、经济性和运行的可靠性,对柴油机的进气系统开展了多目标多参数的优化设计。基于柴油机工作过程及冷却系统耦合仿真模型,采用DoE中D-optimal抽样方法,以普通最小二乘法建立起多个变量因子的响应面模型,并采用多目标优化方法进行非归一化求解,得到额定工况下进气系统结构参数及运行参数的优化解集和最优解。仿真结果表明:优化后整机的输出功率及扭矩分别提升了3.8 kW和14.3 N·m;涡前排温、峰值缸压以及燃油消耗率分别降低了40℃,2.5 bar和2.1 g/(kW·h)。

Integrated Delta-Sigma 1.5bit Power DAC with 100dB Dynamic Range

A stereo 1.5bit delta-sigma digital-analog converter （△∑ DAC） integrated with a filterless class D power amplifier is introduced. It consumes no static power, and its maximum output power is 436mW with an 8Ω load. Its output dynamic range exceeds 100dB. The circuit is implemented with a TSMC 0. 18μm process. The die area is 0. 28mme. The supply voltage is 1. gV for the digital part and 3.3V for class D.

SINUMERIK802D数控铣床系统中Power MILL后处理设置

Power MILL自动生成的加工程序不能直接用于数控铣床SINUMER IK 802D系统,因此文中以fanuc15m为后处理原文件进行分析与修改,并对生成的NC代码进行验证。

Design of DC regulated power supply based on single chip microcomputer

A DC regulated power supply with numerical control based on single chip microcomputer （SCM） is designed. SCM is the main controller and output voltage o{ DC power supply can be set by keyboard. The analog voltage can be obtained through D/A converter （DAC0832） so that different voltages can be provided by operational amplifier. The output voltage varies from 0 V to 12 V with the incremental value of 0. 1 V. The actual output voltage is shown in the nixietube. This DC regulated power supply is characterized by simple structure and easy operation.

基于Boost变换器的D-PMSG风力发电系统MPPT控制

为了提高直驱永磁风力发电系统的最大功率点跟踪控制性能,通过对Boost占空比变化与风力机输出特性的关系分析,提出一种基于模糊梯度步长爬山搜索法,将风力机输出转速变化量和风力机输出功率变化量作为模糊控制器的输入量,Boost变换器的占空比作为模糊控制器的输出量,实现风力机最大功率点跟踪控制。建立了系统仿真模型并进行仿真验证,结果表明,模糊梯度步长爬山搜索法能实现直驱永磁风力发电系统的最大功率点跟踪控制,控制效果优于传统变步长爬山搜索算法。