In this editorial we comment on the article titled“Establishment and validation of an adherence prediction system for lifestyle interventions in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease”by Zeng et al published in a recent ...In this editorial we comment on the article titled“Establishment and validation of an adherence prediction system for lifestyle interventions in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease”by Zeng et al published in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)represents one of the current challenges in hepatology and public health,due to its continuous growing prevalence and the rising incidence of NAFLD-related fibrosis,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis.The only effective therapeutic strategy for this dis-ease is represented by encouraging patients to improve their lifestyle through the modification of dietary intake and increased physical exercise,but the effective application of such modifications is often limited by various factors such as lack of information,psychological barriers or poor social support.While poor adherence to a healthy lifestyle can be decisive in determining the clinical outcome,in daily practice there is a lack of quantitative instruments aimed at identifying patients with the lowest adherence to lifestyle changes and higher risk of disease progre-ssion in the course of follow-up.In this article,Zeng et al propose a quantitative scale to assess the grade of adherence of patients with NAFLD to hea-lthy lifestyle intervention,called the Exercise and Diet Adherence Scale(EDAS).This scale,consisting of 33 items divided into 6 dimensions which relates to six subjective aspects in the self-management of NAFLD,has shown a good correlation with the identification of the sub-cohort of patients with the highest reduction in caloric intake,increase in physical exercise,probability of a reduction in liver stiffness measurement and alanine aminotransferase levels.The cor-relation among clinical outcomes and specific dimensions of this scale also highlights the pivotal role of a good and confidential doctor-patient relationship and of an effective communication.There is an urgent need for practical and effective instruments to assess the grade of self-management of NAFLD patients,together with the development of multidisciplinary teams with the aim of applying structured behavioral interventions.展开更多
Chronic disease is a main contributor to the disproportionately high burden of illness experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. However, there are very few programs addressing chronic disease ...Chronic disease is a main contributor to the disproportionately high burden of illness experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. However, there are very few programs addressing chronic disease self-management and rehabilitation which are designed specifically for urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. This paper aims to explore client and staff perceptions of the Work It out Program, a chronic disease rehabilitation and self-management program designed for urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The study used a mixed methods approach to explore the success, barriers and self-reported outcomes of the program. Quantitative data were collected through a structured survey, comprising social and demographic data. Qualitative data were collected through interviews using Most Significant Change theory. Twenty-eight participants were recruited, 6 staff and 22 clients (M = 7, F = 21) with an age range between 21 and 79 years of age (Mean = 59.00, SD = 17.63). Interviews were completed in 2013 across four Work It out locations in Southeast Queensland. Semi-structured interviews were conducted either individually or in groups of two or three, depending on the participants’ preference. Thematic analysis of the data revealed six main themes;physical changes, lifestyle improvements, social and emotional well-being, perceptions about the successful features of the program, perceived barriers to the program and changes for the future. This exploratory study found that clients and staff involved in the Work It out Program perceived it as an effective self-management and rehabilitation program for urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. Further evaluation with a larger sample size is warranted in order to establish further outcomes of the program.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of online-to-offline(O2O)education combined with the peer education management model in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:Using convenience sampling,72 p...Objective:To explore the effect of online-to-offline(O2O)education combined with the peer education management model in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:Using convenience sampling,72 patients with COPD who were hospitalized in the respiratory medicine department of a tertiary-level hospital from March to December 2021 were selected as study subjects.Randomized grouping was carried out using the random number table method,the control group was given routine COPD health education in the department,and the intervention group applied O2O trinity health management combined with peer education on the basis of routine care.After 6 months of follow-up after discharge,the two groups were observed and compared for changes in pulmonary function,depression status,self-care ability,and quality of life.Results:At 3 and 6 months after the intervention,the lung function indexes and depression status of the two groups of patients improved significantly,and the improvement effect was more significant in the intervention group(P<0.05);after the intervention,the self-care ability scores of the patients in the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05);the quality-of-life scores of the two groups of patients decreased at 3 months after discharge,in which the quality-of-life scores in the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:O2O education combined with the peer education management model can effectively improve the lung function of patients with COPD,depression,self-care ability,and quality of life.展开更多
AIM: To assess the effectiveness of the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program(CDSMP) on glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) and selected self-reported measures.METHODS: We compared patients who received a diabetes self-c...AIM: To assess the effectiveness of the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program(CDSMP) on glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) and selected self-reported measures.METHODS: We compared patients who received a diabetes self-care behavioral intervention, the CDSMP developed at the Stanford University, with controls whoreceived usual care on their HbA1c and selected self-reported measures, including diabetes self-care activities, health-related quality of life(HRQOL), pain and fatigue. The subjects were a subset of participants enrolled in a randomized controlled trial that took place at seven regional clinics of a university-affiliated integrated healthcare system of a multi-specialty group practice between January 2009 and June 2011. The primary outcome was change in HbA1c from randomization to 12 mo. Data were analyzed using multilevel statistical models and linear mixed models to provide unbiased estimates of intervention effects.RESULTS: Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics were generally comparable between the two groups. The average baseline HbA1c values in the CDSMP and control groups were 9.4% and 9.2%, respectively. Significant reductions in HbA1c were seen at 12 mo for the two groups, with adjusted changes around 0.6%(P < 0.0001), but the reductions did not differ significantly between the two groups(P = 0.885). Few significant differences were observed in participants' diabetes self-care activities. No significant differences were observed in the participants' HRQOL, pain, or fatigue measures.CONCLUSION: The CDSMP intervention may not lower HbA1c any better than good routine care in an integrated healthcare system. More research is needed to understand the benefits of self-management programs in primary care in different settings and populations.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Central adrenergic nerve and 5-serotonergic nerve can influence central cholinergic nerve on learning and memory and make easy for study; however, ginsenoside of stem and leaf (GSL) can improve function...BACKGROUND: Central adrenergic nerve and 5-serotonergic nerve can influence central cholinergic nerve on learning and memory and make easy for study; however, ginsenoside of stem and leaf (GSL) can improve functions of central adrenergic nerve; moreover, 5-serotonergic nerve and the combination with choline can produce synergistic effect and enhance learning and memory ability so as to improve learning and memory disorder of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). OBJECTIVE : To observe the effects of GSL combining with choline on learning and memory of AD model rats DESIGN : Randomized grouping design and controlled animal study SETIING : Department of Pharmacology, Taishan Medical College MATERIALS : The experiment was carried out in the Pharmacological Department of Medical College of Jilin University from October 1996 to January 1997. Forty healthy male Wistar rats of clean grade were randomly divided into 5 groups, including sham-injury group, model group, GSL group, choline group and combination group, with 8 rats in each group. Main medications: GSL with the volume more than 92.8% was provided by Department of Chemistry, Norman Bethune Medical College of Jilin University. Panaxatriol, the main component, was detected with thin layer scanning technique and regarded as the index of GSL quality [(55±1)%, CV= 2%, n = 5]. Choline was provided by the Third Shanghai Laboratory Factory. METHODS : 150 nmol quinolinic acid was used to damage bilateral Meynert basal nuclei of adult rats so as to establish AD models. Rats in GSL, choline and combination groups were intragastric administrated with 400 mg/kg GSL, 200 mg/kg choline (20 mL/kg), and both respectively last for 17 days starting from two days before operation. Rats in sham-injury group and model group were perfused with the same volume of distilled water once in each morning for the same days. (1) Passive avoidance step-down test: Five minutes later, rats jumped up safe platform when they were shocked with 36 V alternating current. If rats jumped down from the platform and the feet touched railings, the response was wrong. Numbers of wrong response were recorded within 3 minutes, and then the test was redone after 24 hours. (2) Morris water-maze spatial localization task: Swimming from jumping-off to platform directly was regarded as right response. Additionally, 4 successively right responses were regarded as the standard. Each rat was trained 10 times a day with 120 s per time for 3 successive days. The interval was 30 s. Three days later, numbers of right response were recorded. The training times were increased to 30 for unlearned rats. (3) Measurement of activity of choline acetylase in cerebral cortex: Rats were sacrificed at 17 days after operation to obtain cerebral cortex to measure activity of choline acetylase with radiochemistry technique. (4) Synergistic effect: It was expressed as Q value: Q value = factual incorporative effect/anticipant incorporative effect; Q ≥ 1 was regarded as synergistic effect. Anticipant incorporative effect = (EA+EB-EA·EB), EA and EB were single timing effect, respectively in GSL group and choline group. E(step-down test and Morris water maze test) = (x in model group - factual value in medicine groups)/x in model group; E (activity of choline acetylase) = (factual value in medicine groups -xin model group)/xin model group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES : (1) Passive avoidance step-down test and Morris water-maze spatial localization task in the study of learning and memory; (2) activity of choline acetylase. RESULTS : All 40 rats were involved in the final analysis. (1) Passive avoidance response: At learning phase on first day and retesting phase on the next day, numbers of wrong responses within 3 minutes were more in model group than sham operation group, and there was significant difference [(5.88±1.46), (2.25±0.87) times; (2.63±1.06), (0.50±0.53) times; P 〈 0.01]; numbers of wrong responses within 3 minutes were less in combination group than model group, and there was significant difference [learning phase: (1.12±0.83), (5.88±1.46) times; retesting phase: (0.38±0.74), (2.63±1.06)times, P 〈 0.01]; moreover, effect was stronger than that in GSL group and choline group. The Q value was 1.07 and 1.59, respectively and it showed synergistic effect. Spatial localization task: Training times were more in model group than sham operation group, and there was significant difference [(2.9±2.5), (12.6±3.5) times; P 〈 0.01]. Training times were less in combination group than model group, and there was significant difference [(11.8±2.4), (27.9±2.5) times, P 〈 0.01]; moreover, effect was stronger than that in GSL group and choline group. The Q value was 1.07 and it showed synergistic effect. (3) Activity of choline acetylase: Activity was lower in model group than sham operation group, and there was significant difference [(30.56±8.33), (61.11 ±8.33) nkat/g; P 〈 0.01]. Activity was higher in combination group than model group and there was significant difference [(50.00±8.33), (30.56±8.33) nkat/g, P 〈 0.01];moreover, effect was stronger than that in GSL group and choline group. The Q value was 1.5 and it showed synergistic effect. CONCLUSZON: GSL in combination with choline can synergically improve the disorder of learning and memory of AD model rats. Its mechanism may be involved in enhancing the function of central cholinergic system.展开更多
[Objectives] The paper was to screen resistant sugarcane varieties against brown stripe disease,and to breed disease-resistant germplasm resource.[Methods]The combining ability for resistance to sugarcane brown stripe...[Objectives] The paper was to screen resistant sugarcane varieties against brown stripe disease,and to breed disease-resistant germplasm resource.[Methods]The combining ability for resistance to sugarcane brown stripe disease was analyzed based on 23 female parents,21 male parents and 29 cross combinations. [Results]The average heritability of resistance to sugarcane brown stripe disease successively were female parents( 95. 3%),cross combinations( 93. 0%)and male parents( 79. 1%). The general combining ability of 12 female parents showed negative effect,including Pma 98-40,Yacheng 93-26,Yunrui 05-283,Yuetang 91-976,Chuanzhe 19,ROC10,Yunzhe 06-80,ROC26,Zhanzhe 74-141,K86-110,Yunzhe 03-194 and ROC25. The general combining ability of 10 male parents showed negative effect,including Q 199,Yunrui 06-649,Yunrui 05-733,CP 84-1198,CP 88-1762,Yacheng 84-125,Yunrui 05-784,Yuetang 00-236,CP72-3591 and CP 94-110. The special combining ability of 16 cross combinations showed negative effect,including Pma 98-40 × Yunrui 05-649,Yacheng 93-26 ×Yunrui 05-733,Yunrui 05-283 × Q199,Yuetang 91-976 × CP 84-1198,Chuanzhe 19 × CP 88-1762 and ROC10 × Yuenong 73-204. [Conclusions] There were significant differences in combining ability among female parents,male parents and cross combinations,which were mainly controlled by additive and non-additive gene.展开更多
Portfolio has been used as an approach to promoting self-learning in the field of education and its effectiveness was reported in school education. The purpose of this study was to assess effectiveness of portfolio as...Portfolio has been used as an approach to promoting self-learning in the field of education and its effectiveness was reported in school education. The purpose of this study was to assess effectiveness of portfolio as a tool for educating patients with ischemic heart diseases as self-management behavior in terms of applicability and efficacy. Subjects of this study were seventeen patients who had myocardial infarction or angina. They were assigned to collect information about their themes chosen from diet, exercise, alcohol intake, smoking cessation, and stress management and gathered in files. Thirty minutes face-to-face educational interviews were conducted by a nurse for once per month over three months. Self-management, self-efficacy, and physiological data were evaluated for baseline and 3 months. Two participants dropped within two months (completion rate is 88.2%). The results showed that portfolio was effective as a self-management education tool on patients who were willing to participate, but did not improve physiological data if they did not continuously implement lifestyle change. Moreover it was dangerous when the patients acquired incorrect information on diseases. For these patients, health education by health professionals is required prior to conducting portfolio. Attributes fit for portfolio were assessed. Effectiveness of portfolio related to high self-efficacy and high self-management, but did not relate to living status, having job, educational background, and health locus of control.展开更多
The purpose of this integrative review is to evaluate research pertaining to self-management programs for older adults with chronic diseases using Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) for behavior change. T...The purpose of this integrative review is to evaluate research pertaining to self-management programs for older adults with chronic diseases using Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) for behavior change. The focus is application of the SCT domains to self-management programs. The exploration of the current chronic disease self-management research provides an understanding of the Social Cognitive Theory concepts studied in interventional self-management research. The integrative review explicated two areas related to the theory in need of further research. First, social support has not been thoroughly explored as a mechanism for enhancing self-management interventions. Second, moral disengagement was not identified as a focus within chronic disease research raising the question about the impact of moral disengagement on long-term adherence and behavior change.展开更多
The ability of college students’English learning self-management plays an important role in English learning.To improve college students’self-management,this paper first analyzed the problems and necessity for.Then ...The ability of college students’English learning self-management plays an important role in English learning.To improve college students’self-management,this paper first analyzed the problems and necessity for.Then it mainly explored how to im prove their self-management ability thus to help student’s improve the efficiency of self-management in college English learning.展开更多
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)require lifelong and personalized care by a multidisciplinary healthcare team.However,the traditional medical model is not ideal for patients who require continuous close m...Patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)require lifelong and personalized care by a multidisciplinary healthcare team.However,the traditional medical model is not ideal for patients who require continuous close monitoring and whose symptoms may dramatically worsen between regularly scheduled visits.Additionally,close dietary follow-up and monitoring of IBD in a traditional setting are challenging because of the disease complexity,high pressure on outpatient clinics with a small number of IBD specialist dietitians,and rising incidence.Given the significant burden of IBD,there is a need to develop effective dietary management strategies.The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic caused an unprecedented shift from in-person care to delivering health care via technological remote devices.Traditional nutrition therapy and consultation can be provided by telenutrition through remote electronic communication applications that could greatly benefit patient care.Telenutrition might be useful,safe,and cost-effective compared with standard care.It is likely that virtual care for chronic diseases including IBD will continue in some form into the future.This review article summarizes the evidence about telenutrition applications in the management of IBD patients,and we gave an overview of the acceptance and impact of these interventions on health outcomes.展开更多
Objective: The main aim of the present study is to evaluate the semantic language abilities of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) compared to normal group. Secondly to examine the role of hypox...Objective: The main aim of the present study is to evaluate the semantic language abilities of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) compared to normal group. Secondly to examine the role of hypoxemia, hypercapnia and pulmonary parameters on language scores. Method: We assessed 100 COPD patients with the use of a comprehensive battery of neurocognitive tests standardized for the Greek population, examining semantic language abilities, namely the Boston Naming Test (BNT), the Picture Peabody Vocabulary Test (PPVT) and the Controlled Oral Word Fluency Test (COWAT). Results: The results revealed that although the overall performance of our group of patients was within normal range, it was statistically significant lower compared to normal distribution on all semantic language tests. Moreover, we found that the percentile of COPD patients that performed in the deficient range was significantly higher compared to normal distribution. Further analysis of pulmonary parameters showed that Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 sec (FEV1, FEV1%), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC, FVC%) and FEV1/FVC were not correlated with patients’ performance on the language tests. Low Partial Pressure of Oxygen in blood oxygen levels (PaO2) was found to be able to predict the performance of patients on BNT, PPVT and semantic verbal fluency test. Abnormally elevated Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide (PCaO2) in blood were not found to be related to language dysfunctions. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that our group of COPD patients is more prone to present semantic language impairments compared to normal group while low blood oxygen levels were associated with reduced performance on BNT, PPVT and semantic verbal fluency tests.展开更多
BACKGROUND Purpura nephritis,also called Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis,is a systemic disease with small dead vasculitis as the main pathological change.AIM To observe the influence of transitional nursing ac...BACKGROUND Purpura nephritis,also called Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis,is a systemic disease with small dead vasculitis as the main pathological change.AIM To observe the influence of transitional nursing activities on the compliance behaviors and disease knowledge of children with purpura nephritis.METHODS A total of 82 children with purpura nephritis were included and divided into a general nursing group(41 children)and transitional nursing group(41 children)using the envelope method.The general nursing group received routine nursing care,while the transitional nursing group received transitional nursing care.The behaviors,knowledge of the disease,and self-management ability of the two groups were evaluated after nursing care was provided.RESULTS The scores of four items(self-care ability,self-responsibility,health knowledge level,and self-concept)in the transitional nursing group were significantly higher than those in the general nursing group.CONCLUSION Transitional nursing can directly improve the disease knowledge level and selfmanagement ability of children with purpura nephritis and effectively reduce complications.展开更多
An amino acid mutation(R127→I) in the 3A non-structural protein of an FMDV serotype Asia1 rabbit-attenuated ZB strain was previously found after attenuation of the virus. To explore the effects of this mutation on vi...An amino acid mutation(R127→I) in the 3A non-structural protein of an FMDV serotype Asia1 rabbit-attenuated ZB strain was previously found after attenuation of the virus. To explore the effects of this mutation on viral replication and infection, the amino acid residue isoleucine(I) was changed to arginine(R) in the infectious cDNA clone of the rabbit-attenuated ZB strain by sitedirected mutagenesis, and the R127-mutated virus was rescued. BHK monolayer cells and suckling mice were inoculated with the R127-mutated virus to test its growth property and pathogenicity, respectively. The effects of the R127 mutation on viral replication and virulence were analyzed. The data showed that there was a slight difference in plaque morphology between the R127-mutated and wild-type viruses. The growth rate of the mutated virus was lower in BHK-21 cells and its virulence in suckling mice was also attenuated. This study indicates that the R127 mutation in 3A may play an important role in FMDV replication in vitro and in pathogenicity in suckling mice.展开更多
AIM To determine the relationship between chronic kidney disease(CKD) awareness(CKD-A), self-management behaviors(CKD-SMB) knowledge, performance of CKDSMBs, health literacy(HL) and kidney function. METHODS Participan...AIM To determine the relationship between chronic kidney disease(CKD) awareness(CKD-A), self-management behaviors(CKD-SMB) knowledge, performance of CKDSMBs, health literacy(HL) and kidney function. METHODS Participants were eligible patients attending an outpatient nephrology clinic. Participants were administered: Newest Vital Sign to measure HL, CKD self-managementknowledge tool(CKD-SMKT) to assess knowledge, past performance of CKD-SMB, CKD-A. Estimated GFR(e GFR) was determined using the MDRD-4 equation. Duration of clinic participation and CKD cause were extracted from medical charts. RESULTS One-hundred-fifty patients participated in the study. e GFRs ranged from 17-152 m L/min per 1.73 m2. Majority(83%) of respondents had stage 3 or 4 CKD, low HL(63%), and were CKD aware(88%). Approximately 40%(10/25) of patients in stages 1 and 2 and 6.4%(8/125) in stages 3 and 4 were unaware of their CKD. CKD-A differed with stage(P < 0.001) but not by HL level, duration of clinic participation, or CKD cause. Majority of respondents(≥ 90%) correctly answered one or more CKD-SMKT items. Knowledge of one behavior, "controlling blood pressure" differed significantly by CKD-A. CKD-A was associated with past performance of two CKD-SMBs, "controlling blood pressure"(P = 0.02), and "keeping healthy body weight"(P = 0.01). Adjusted multivariate analyses between CKD-A and:(1) HL; and(2) CKD-SMB knowledge were nonsignificant. However, there was a significant relationship between CKD-A and kidney function after controlling for demographics, HL, and CKD-SMB(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION CKD-A is not associated with HL, or better CKD-SMBs. CKD-A is significantly associated with kidney function and substantially lower e GFR, suggesting the need for focused patient education in CKD stages 1.展开更多
[Objective] The paper was to investigate the clinical effects of Nvhuang Fuzheng oral liquid on immunity enhancement,disease resistance and growth promotion of chicks. [Method] In the test,3-day-old Daninghe chicks we...[Objective] The paper was to investigate the clinical effects of Nvhuang Fuzheng oral liquid on immunity enhancement,disease resistance and growth promotion of chicks. [Method] In the test,3-day-old Daninghe chicks were divided into normal control group,Nvhuang Fuzheng oral liquid group and positive control group. Chicks were administrated with drugs for 7 d before immunization. After vaccination,chicks were observed for 4 weeks,to statistically count the incidence state of chicks. Effects of Nvhuang Fuzheng oral liquid on growth performance,serum immunoglobulin,cytokine and infectious bursal disease virus( IBDV)antibody were studied. [Result] Compared to normal control group,Nvhuang Fuzheng oral liquid significantly improved the weight of chicks and reduced the feed gain ratio( P < 0. 05); significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality and increased the survival rate of chicks( P < 0. 05); continuously increased IgG,IgM and IL-2 content significantly in the serum of chicks( P < 0. 05); extremely improved IFN-γ content in the serum at 7 d post drug administration( P < 0. 01). After vaccination of IBDV vaccine for 1 and 2 weeks,Nvhuang Fuzheng oral liquid significantly improved IBDV antibody titer and positive rate of chicks compared to normal control group( P < 0. 05); at 3 weeks post immunization,the antibody positive rate reached 100%. [Conclusion]Nvhuang Fuzheng oral liquid improved immunoglobulin and cytokine levels of chicks,enhanced the immunity and reduced the occurrence of diseases( the morbidity was reduced by 15% and the mortality was reduced by 30%),enhanced disease-resistant ability and promoted the growth of chicks. Meantime,it improved the immune effect of IBDV vaccine.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the effects of continuous self-management education on the selfcare ability and health behavior of patients with tumor through peripherally inserted central venous catheters(PICC).Methods:The peri...Objective:To analyze the effects of continuous self-management education on the selfcare ability and health behavior of patients with tumor through peripherally inserted central venous catheters(PICC).Methods:The period from August 2018 to August 2020 was used as the research time range,and the random number table method was used as the basis for grouping.80 patients with malignant tumors who regularly performed fixed catheter maintenance care in the PICC clinic of our hospital were admitted in the experimental group(given PICC specialist nursing,and implemented continuous self-management education),and 80 patients with PICC tube malignant tumors discharged from the superior hospital during this time range served as the control group(return to the original catheterization hospital from time to time or perform catheter maintenance care in the nursing clinic of our hospital).The self-care ability scores,health behavior scores,and complications during intubation between both groups were analyzed.Results:(1)There was no significant difference in self-care ability score and healthy behavior score between groups before the intervention,P>0.05;the self-care ability score and health behavior score of the research group were better than the control group after intervention,P<0.05;(2)After investigation,the incidence of complications in the research group(2.50%)was lower than that of the control group(10.00%),but there was no difference between the groups,P>0.05.Conclusion:Continuous self-management education has good effects on improving the self-care ability of tumor patients with PICC intubation.It can urge patients to maintain good health behaviors and reduce complications.It is worthy of promotion.展开更多
文摘In this editorial we comment on the article titled“Establishment and validation of an adherence prediction system for lifestyle interventions in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease”by Zeng et al published in a recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)represents one of the current challenges in hepatology and public health,due to its continuous growing prevalence and the rising incidence of NAFLD-related fibrosis,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis.The only effective therapeutic strategy for this dis-ease is represented by encouraging patients to improve their lifestyle through the modification of dietary intake and increased physical exercise,but the effective application of such modifications is often limited by various factors such as lack of information,psychological barriers or poor social support.While poor adherence to a healthy lifestyle can be decisive in determining the clinical outcome,in daily practice there is a lack of quantitative instruments aimed at identifying patients with the lowest adherence to lifestyle changes and higher risk of disease progre-ssion in the course of follow-up.In this article,Zeng et al propose a quantitative scale to assess the grade of adherence of patients with NAFLD to hea-lthy lifestyle intervention,called the Exercise and Diet Adherence Scale(EDAS).This scale,consisting of 33 items divided into 6 dimensions which relates to six subjective aspects in the self-management of NAFLD,has shown a good correlation with the identification of the sub-cohort of patients with the highest reduction in caloric intake,increase in physical exercise,probability of a reduction in liver stiffness measurement and alanine aminotransferase levels.The cor-relation among clinical outcomes and specific dimensions of this scale also highlights the pivotal role of a good and confidential doctor-patient relationship and of an effective communication.There is an urgent need for practical and effective instruments to assess the grade of self-management of NAFLD patients,together with the development of multidisciplinary teams with the aim of applying structured behavioral interventions.
文摘Chronic disease is a main contributor to the disproportionately high burden of illness experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. However, there are very few programs addressing chronic disease self-management and rehabilitation which are designed specifically for urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. This paper aims to explore client and staff perceptions of the Work It out Program, a chronic disease rehabilitation and self-management program designed for urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The study used a mixed methods approach to explore the success, barriers and self-reported outcomes of the program. Quantitative data were collected through a structured survey, comprising social and demographic data. Qualitative data were collected through interviews using Most Significant Change theory. Twenty-eight participants were recruited, 6 staff and 22 clients (M = 7, F = 21) with an age range between 21 and 79 years of age (Mean = 59.00, SD = 17.63). Interviews were completed in 2013 across four Work It out locations in Southeast Queensland. Semi-structured interviews were conducted either individually or in groups of two or three, depending on the participants’ preference. Thematic analysis of the data revealed six main themes;physical changes, lifestyle improvements, social and emotional well-being, perceptions about the successful features of the program, perceived barriers to the program and changes for the future. This exploratory study found that clients and staff involved in the Work It out Program perceived it as an effective self-management and rehabilitation program for urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. Further evaluation with a larger sample size is warranted in order to establish further outcomes of the program.
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of online-to-offline(O2O)education combined with the peer education management model in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:Using convenience sampling,72 patients with COPD who were hospitalized in the respiratory medicine department of a tertiary-level hospital from March to December 2021 were selected as study subjects.Randomized grouping was carried out using the random number table method,the control group was given routine COPD health education in the department,and the intervention group applied O2O trinity health management combined with peer education on the basis of routine care.After 6 months of follow-up after discharge,the two groups were observed and compared for changes in pulmonary function,depression status,self-care ability,and quality of life.Results:At 3 and 6 months after the intervention,the lung function indexes and depression status of the two groups of patients improved significantly,and the improvement effect was more significant in the intervention group(P<0.05);after the intervention,the self-care ability scores of the patients in the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05);the quality-of-life scores of the two groups of patients decreased at 3 months after discharge,in which the quality-of-life scores in the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:O2O education combined with the peer education management model can effectively improve the lung function of patients with COPD,depression,self-care ability,and quality of life.
基金Supported by The National Institutes of Health’s National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities,No.#1P20MD002295
文摘AIM: To assess the effectiveness of the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program(CDSMP) on glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) and selected self-reported measures.METHODS: We compared patients who received a diabetes self-care behavioral intervention, the CDSMP developed at the Stanford University, with controls whoreceived usual care on their HbA1c and selected self-reported measures, including diabetes self-care activities, health-related quality of life(HRQOL), pain and fatigue. The subjects were a subset of participants enrolled in a randomized controlled trial that took place at seven regional clinics of a university-affiliated integrated healthcare system of a multi-specialty group practice between January 2009 and June 2011. The primary outcome was change in HbA1c from randomization to 12 mo. Data were analyzed using multilevel statistical models and linear mixed models to provide unbiased estimates of intervention effects.RESULTS: Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics were generally comparable between the two groups. The average baseline HbA1c values in the CDSMP and control groups were 9.4% and 9.2%, respectively. Significant reductions in HbA1c were seen at 12 mo for the two groups, with adjusted changes around 0.6%(P < 0.0001), but the reductions did not differ significantly between the two groups(P = 0.885). Few significant differences were observed in participants' diabetes self-care activities. No significant differences were observed in the participants' HRQOL, pain, or fatigue measures.CONCLUSION: The CDSMP intervention may not lower HbA1c any better than good routine care in an integrated healthcare system. More research is needed to understand the benefits of self-management programs in primary care in different settings and populations.
文摘BACKGROUND: Central adrenergic nerve and 5-serotonergic nerve can influence central cholinergic nerve on learning and memory and make easy for study; however, ginsenoside of stem and leaf (GSL) can improve functions of central adrenergic nerve; moreover, 5-serotonergic nerve and the combination with choline can produce synergistic effect and enhance learning and memory ability so as to improve learning and memory disorder of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). OBJECTIVE : To observe the effects of GSL combining with choline on learning and memory of AD model rats DESIGN : Randomized grouping design and controlled animal study SETIING : Department of Pharmacology, Taishan Medical College MATERIALS : The experiment was carried out in the Pharmacological Department of Medical College of Jilin University from October 1996 to January 1997. Forty healthy male Wistar rats of clean grade were randomly divided into 5 groups, including sham-injury group, model group, GSL group, choline group and combination group, with 8 rats in each group. Main medications: GSL with the volume more than 92.8% was provided by Department of Chemistry, Norman Bethune Medical College of Jilin University. Panaxatriol, the main component, was detected with thin layer scanning technique and regarded as the index of GSL quality [(55±1)%, CV= 2%, n = 5]. Choline was provided by the Third Shanghai Laboratory Factory. METHODS : 150 nmol quinolinic acid was used to damage bilateral Meynert basal nuclei of adult rats so as to establish AD models. Rats in GSL, choline and combination groups were intragastric administrated with 400 mg/kg GSL, 200 mg/kg choline (20 mL/kg), and both respectively last for 17 days starting from two days before operation. Rats in sham-injury group and model group were perfused with the same volume of distilled water once in each morning for the same days. (1) Passive avoidance step-down test: Five minutes later, rats jumped up safe platform when they were shocked with 36 V alternating current. If rats jumped down from the platform and the feet touched railings, the response was wrong. Numbers of wrong response were recorded within 3 minutes, and then the test was redone after 24 hours. (2) Morris water-maze spatial localization task: Swimming from jumping-off to platform directly was regarded as right response. Additionally, 4 successively right responses were regarded as the standard. Each rat was trained 10 times a day with 120 s per time for 3 successive days. The interval was 30 s. Three days later, numbers of right response were recorded. The training times were increased to 30 for unlearned rats. (3) Measurement of activity of choline acetylase in cerebral cortex: Rats were sacrificed at 17 days after operation to obtain cerebral cortex to measure activity of choline acetylase with radiochemistry technique. (4) Synergistic effect: It was expressed as Q value: Q value = factual incorporative effect/anticipant incorporative effect; Q ≥ 1 was regarded as synergistic effect. Anticipant incorporative effect = (EA+EB-EA·EB), EA and EB were single timing effect, respectively in GSL group and choline group. E(step-down test and Morris water maze test) = (x in model group - factual value in medicine groups)/x in model group; E (activity of choline acetylase) = (factual value in medicine groups -xin model group)/xin model group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES : (1) Passive avoidance step-down test and Morris water-maze spatial localization task in the study of learning and memory; (2) activity of choline acetylase. RESULTS : All 40 rats were involved in the final analysis. (1) Passive avoidance response: At learning phase on first day and retesting phase on the next day, numbers of wrong responses within 3 minutes were more in model group than sham operation group, and there was significant difference [(5.88±1.46), (2.25±0.87) times; (2.63±1.06), (0.50±0.53) times; P 〈 0.01]; numbers of wrong responses within 3 minutes were less in combination group than model group, and there was significant difference [learning phase: (1.12±0.83), (5.88±1.46) times; retesting phase: (0.38±0.74), (2.63±1.06)times, P 〈 0.01]; moreover, effect was stronger than that in GSL group and choline group. The Q value was 1.07 and 1.59, respectively and it showed synergistic effect. Spatial localization task: Training times were more in model group than sham operation group, and there was significant difference [(2.9±2.5), (12.6±3.5) times; P 〈 0.01]. Training times were less in combination group than model group, and there was significant difference [(11.8±2.4), (27.9±2.5) times, P 〈 0.01]; moreover, effect was stronger than that in GSL group and choline group. The Q value was 1.07 and it showed synergistic effect. (3) Activity of choline acetylase: Activity was lower in model group than sham operation group, and there was significant difference [(30.56±8.33), (61.11 ±8.33) nkat/g; P 〈 0.01]. Activity was higher in combination group than model group and there was significant difference [(50.00±8.33), (30.56±8.33) nkat/g, P 〈 0.01];moreover, effect was stronger than that in GSL group and choline group. The Q value was 1.5 and it showed synergistic effect. CONCLUSZON: GSL in combination with choline can synergically improve the disorder of learning and memory of AD model rats. Its mechanism may be involved in enhancing the function of central cholinergic system.
基金Supported by National Industrial Technology System Project(CARS-20-1-1)Project of Innovative Talents of Science and Technology in Yunnan Province(2014HC015)+1 种基金Science and Technology Plan Benefiting People in Yunnan Province(Agriculture,2014RA059)Key New Product Project of Yunnan Province(2012BB014)
文摘[Objectives] The paper was to screen resistant sugarcane varieties against brown stripe disease,and to breed disease-resistant germplasm resource.[Methods]The combining ability for resistance to sugarcane brown stripe disease was analyzed based on 23 female parents,21 male parents and 29 cross combinations. [Results]The average heritability of resistance to sugarcane brown stripe disease successively were female parents( 95. 3%),cross combinations( 93. 0%)and male parents( 79. 1%). The general combining ability of 12 female parents showed negative effect,including Pma 98-40,Yacheng 93-26,Yunrui 05-283,Yuetang 91-976,Chuanzhe 19,ROC10,Yunzhe 06-80,ROC26,Zhanzhe 74-141,K86-110,Yunzhe 03-194 and ROC25. The general combining ability of 10 male parents showed negative effect,including Q 199,Yunrui 06-649,Yunrui 05-733,CP 84-1198,CP 88-1762,Yacheng 84-125,Yunrui 05-784,Yuetang 00-236,CP72-3591 and CP 94-110. The special combining ability of 16 cross combinations showed negative effect,including Pma 98-40 × Yunrui 05-649,Yacheng 93-26 ×Yunrui 05-733,Yunrui 05-283 × Q199,Yuetang 91-976 × CP 84-1198,Chuanzhe 19 × CP 88-1762 and ROC10 × Yuenong 73-204. [Conclusions] There were significant differences in combining ability among female parents,male parents and cross combinations,which were mainly controlled by additive and non-additive gene.
文摘Portfolio has been used as an approach to promoting self-learning in the field of education and its effectiveness was reported in school education. The purpose of this study was to assess effectiveness of portfolio as a tool for educating patients with ischemic heart diseases as self-management behavior in terms of applicability and efficacy. Subjects of this study were seventeen patients who had myocardial infarction or angina. They were assigned to collect information about their themes chosen from diet, exercise, alcohol intake, smoking cessation, and stress management and gathered in files. Thirty minutes face-to-face educational interviews were conducted by a nurse for once per month over three months. Self-management, self-efficacy, and physiological data were evaluated for baseline and 3 months. Two participants dropped within two months (completion rate is 88.2%). The results showed that portfolio was effective as a self-management education tool on patients who were willing to participate, but did not improve physiological data if they did not continuously implement lifestyle change. Moreover it was dangerous when the patients acquired incorrect information on diseases. For these patients, health education by health professionals is required prior to conducting portfolio. Attributes fit for portfolio were assessed. Effectiveness of portfolio related to high self-efficacy and high self-management, but did not relate to living status, having job, educational background, and health locus of control.
文摘The purpose of this integrative review is to evaluate research pertaining to self-management programs for older adults with chronic diseases using Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) for behavior change. The focus is application of the SCT domains to self-management programs. The exploration of the current chronic disease self-management research provides an understanding of the Social Cognitive Theory concepts studied in interventional self-management research. The integrative review explicated two areas related to the theory in need of further research. First, social support has not been thoroughly explored as a mechanism for enhancing self-management interventions. Second, moral disengagement was not identified as a focus within chronic disease research raising the question about the impact of moral disengagement on long-term adherence and behavior change.
文摘The ability of college students’English learning self-management plays an important role in English learning.To improve college students’self-management,this paper first analyzed the problems and necessity for.Then it mainly explored how to im prove their self-management ability thus to help student’s improve the efficiency of self-management in college English learning.
文摘Patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)require lifelong and personalized care by a multidisciplinary healthcare team.However,the traditional medical model is not ideal for patients who require continuous close monitoring and whose symptoms may dramatically worsen between regularly scheduled visits.Additionally,close dietary follow-up and monitoring of IBD in a traditional setting are challenging because of the disease complexity,high pressure on outpatient clinics with a small number of IBD specialist dietitians,and rising incidence.Given the significant burden of IBD,there is a need to develop effective dietary management strategies.The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic caused an unprecedented shift from in-person care to delivering health care via technological remote devices.Traditional nutrition therapy and consultation can be provided by telenutrition through remote electronic communication applications that could greatly benefit patient care.Telenutrition might be useful,safe,and cost-effective compared with standard care.It is likely that virtual care for chronic diseases including IBD will continue in some form into the future.This review article summarizes the evidence about telenutrition applications in the management of IBD patients,and we gave an overview of the acceptance and impact of these interventions on health outcomes.
文摘Objective: The main aim of the present study is to evaluate the semantic language abilities of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) compared to normal group. Secondly to examine the role of hypoxemia, hypercapnia and pulmonary parameters on language scores. Method: We assessed 100 COPD patients with the use of a comprehensive battery of neurocognitive tests standardized for the Greek population, examining semantic language abilities, namely the Boston Naming Test (BNT), the Picture Peabody Vocabulary Test (PPVT) and the Controlled Oral Word Fluency Test (COWAT). Results: The results revealed that although the overall performance of our group of patients was within normal range, it was statistically significant lower compared to normal distribution on all semantic language tests. Moreover, we found that the percentile of COPD patients that performed in the deficient range was significantly higher compared to normal distribution. Further analysis of pulmonary parameters showed that Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 sec (FEV1, FEV1%), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC, FVC%) and FEV1/FVC were not correlated with patients’ performance on the language tests. Low Partial Pressure of Oxygen in blood oxygen levels (PaO2) was found to be able to predict the performance of patients on BNT, PPVT and semantic verbal fluency test. Abnormally elevated Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide (PCaO2) in blood were not found to be related to language dysfunctions. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that our group of COPD patients is more prone to present semantic language impairments compared to normal group while low blood oxygen levels were associated with reduced performance on BNT, PPVT and semantic verbal fluency tests.
文摘BACKGROUND Purpura nephritis,also called Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis,is a systemic disease with small dead vasculitis as the main pathological change.AIM To observe the influence of transitional nursing activities on the compliance behaviors and disease knowledge of children with purpura nephritis.METHODS A total of 82 children with purpura nephritis were included and divided into a general nursing group(41 children)and transitional nursing group(41 children)using the envelope method.The general nursing group received routine nursing care,while the transitional nursing group received transitional nursing care.The behaviors,knowledge of the disease,and self-management ability of the two groups were evaluated after nursing care was provided.RESULTS The scores of four items(self-care ability,self-responsibility,health knowledge level,and self-concept)in the transitional nursing group were significantly higher than those in the general nursing group.CONCLUSION Transitional nursing can directly improve the disease knowledge level and selfmanagement ability of children with purpura nephritis and effectively reduce complications.
基金jointly supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31060343)Innovative Talents in Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province(2011HB035)
文摘An amino acid mutation(R127→I) in the 3A non-structural protein of an FMDV serotype Asia1 rabbit-attenuated ZB strain was previously found after attenuation of the virus. To explore the effects of this mutation on viral replication and infection, the amino acid residue isoleucine(I) was changed to arginine(R) in the infectious cDNA clone of the rabbit-attenuated ZB strain by sitedirected mutagenesis, and the R127-mutated virus was rescued. BHK monolayer cells and suckling mice were inoculated with the R127-mutated virus to test its growth property and pathogenicity, respectively. The effects of the R127 mutation on viral replication and virulence were analyzed. The data showed that there was a slight difference in plaque morphology between the R127-mutated and wild-type viruses. The growth rate of the mutated virus was lower in BHK-21 cells and its virulence in suckling mice was also attenuated. This study indicates that the R127 mutation in 3A may play an important role in FMDV replication in vitro and in pathogenicity in suckling mice.
文摘AIM To determine the relationship between chronic kidney disease(CKD) awareness(CKD-A), self-management behaviors(CKD-SMB) knowledge, performance of CKDSMBs, health literacy(HL) and kidney function. METHODS Participants were eligible patients attending an outpatient nephrology clinic. Participants were administered: Newest Vital Sign to measure HL, CKD self-managementknowledge tool(CKD-SMKT) to assess knowledge, past performance of CKD-SMB, CKD-A. Estimated GFR(e GFR) was determined using the MDRD-4 equation. Duration of clinic participation and CKD cause were extracted from medical charts. RESULTS One-hundred-fifty patients participated in the study. e GFRs ranged from 17-152 m L/min per 1.73 m2. Majority(83%) of respondents had stage 3 or 4 CKD, low HL(63%), and were CKD aware(88%). Approximately 40%(10/25) of patients in stages 1 and 2 and 6.4%(8/125) in stages 3 and 4 were unaware of their CKD. CKD-A differed with stage(P < 0.001) but not by HL level, duration of clinic participation, or CKD cause. Majority of respondents(≥ 90%) correctly answered one or more CKD-SMKT items. Knowledge of one behavior, "controlling blood pressure" differed significantly by CKD-A. CKD-A was associated with past performance of two CKD-SMBs, "controlling blood pressure"(P = 0.02), and "keeping healthy body weight"(P = 0.01). Adjusted multivariate analyses between CKD-A and:(1) HL; and(2) CKD-SMB knowledge were nonsignificant. However, there was a significant relationship between CKD-A and kidney function after controlling for demographics, HL, and CKD-SMB(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION CKD-A is not associated with HL, or better CKD-SMBs. CKD-A is significantly associated with kidney function and substantially lower e GFR, suggesting the need for focused patient education in CKD stages 1.
基金Supported by Basic Scientific Research Fund of Chongqing City(16423)
文摘[Objective] The paper was to investigate the clinical effects of Nvhuang Fuzheng oral liquid on immunity enhancement,disease resistance and growth promotion of chicks. [Method] In the test,3-day-old Daninghe chicks were divided into normal control group,Nvhuang Fuzheng oral liquid group and positive control group. Chicks were administrated with drugs for 7 d before immunization. After vaccination,chicks were observed for 4 weeks,to statistically count the incidence state of chicks. Effects of Nvhuang Fuzheng oral liquid on growth performance,serum immunoglobulin,cytokine and infectious bursal disease virus( IBDV)antibody were studied. [Result] Compared to normal control group,Nvhuang Fuzheng oral liquid significantly improved the weight of chicks and reduced the feed gain ratio( P < 0. 05); significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality and increased the survival rate of chicks( P < 0. 05); continuously increased IgG,IgM and IL-2 content significantly in the serum of chicks( P < 0. 05); extremely improved IFN-γ content in the serum at 7 d post drug administration( P < 0. 01). After vaccination of IBDV vaccine for 1 and 2 weeks,Nvhuang Fuzheng oral liquid significantly improved IBDV antibody titer and positive rate of chicks compared to normal control group( P < 0. 05); at 3 weeks post immunization,the antibody positive rate reached 100%. [Conclusion]Nvhuang Fuzheng oral liquid improved immunoglobulin and cytokine levels of chicks,enhanced the immunity and reduced the occurrence of diseases( the morbidity was reduced by 15% and the mortality was reduced by 30%),enhanced disease-resistant ability and promoted the growth of chicks. Meantime,it improved the immune effect of IBDV vaccine.
文摘Objective:To analyze the effects of continuous self-management education on the selfcare ability and health behavior of patients with tumor through peripherally inserted central venous catheters(PICC).Methods:The period from August 2018 to August 2020 was used as the research time range,and the random number table method was used as the basis for grouping.80 patients with malignant tumors who regularly performed fixed catheter maintenance care in the PICC clinic of our hospital were admitted in the experimental group(given PICC specialist nursing,and implemented continuous self-management education),and 80 patients with PICC tube malignant tumors discharged from the superior hospital during this time range served as the control group(return to the original catheterization hospital from time to time or perform catheter maintenance care in the nursing clinic of our hospital).The self-care ability scores,health behavior scores,and complications during intubation between both groups were analyzed.Results:(1)There was no significant difference in self-care ability score and healthy behavior score between groups before the intervention,P>0.05;the self-care ability score and health behavior score of the research group were better than the control group after intervention,P<0.05;(2)After investigation,the incidence of complications in the research group(2.50%)was lower than that of the control group(10.00%),but there was no difference between the groups,P>0.05.Conclusion:Continuous self-management education has good effects on improving the self-care ability of tumor patients with PICC intubation.It can urge patients to maintain good health behaviors and reduce complications.It is worthy of promotion.