Objectives:The objective of this study was to examine the falls efficacy of older adults in nursing homes and the related predictors of falling.Methods:A sample of 317 older adults was recruited from 18 nursing homes ...Objectives:The objective of this study was to examine the falls efficacy of older adults in nursing homes and the related predictors of falling.Methods:A sample of 317 older adults was recruited from 18 nursing homes in the Fujian province of China.The Modified Falls Efficacy Scale(MFES)and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale(K10)were employed to collect data.Results:The falls efficacy of older adults was moderate(7.80±1.17).The falls efficacy questionnaire item“Get dressed and undressed”scored the highest(9.12±1.440),while“Crossing roads”scored the lowest(5.77±3.371).Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that mental health status,degree of self-care,age and gender were each predictors of the falls efficacy of older adults.Conclusions:Falls efficacy enhancing programs for nursing home residents should take mental health status,degree of self-care,age and gender into account.展开更多
BACKGROUND Older adults have been considered a primary at-risk population during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and many efforts have been and still are directed toward supporting them and enhancing th...BACKGROUND Older adults have been considered a primary at-risk population during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and many efforts have been and still are directed toward supporting them and enhancing their capacity to cope with the pandemic.Evidence shows that by enhancing proactive coping abilities through psychological interventions,in which cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques are taught and practiced effectively,these interventions have supported older adults throughout the pandemic.However,the underlying mechanisms by which specific intervention components affect various mental states such as distress,depression and loneliness among older adults remain unclear and warrant investigation.AIM To determine the effect of an intervention using cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques on changes in distress,depression and loneliness.METHODS We performed a secondary analysis on data from a previous study in which community-dwelling older adults attended a short-term,internet-based intervention during the first COVID-19 wave in Israel.The intervention included seven sessions during which various cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques were learned and practiced.In-session changes in psychological distress were measured using the Subjective Units of Distress Scale(SUDS),which participants rated at the beginning and end of each session.Participants also filled out questionnaires that evaluated levels of depression[Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)]and loneliness(UCLA loneliness Scale)prior to and after the entire intervention process.The effect of in-session changes in the SUDS on changes in post-intervention depression and loneliness levels were assessed,as a proxy for distinct technique effectiveness.RESULTS The findings indicated in-session differences in terms of a decrease in psychological distress(SUDS).Sessions that included relaxation exercises and guided imagery,as well as sessions that included cognitive restructuring and mindfulness meditation,demonstrated the largest decreases in in-session psychological distress(≥35%).Two multivariate regression models,one for levels of post-intervention depression(PHQ-9 score)and the other for levels of post-intervention loneliness(UCLA loneliness score),were fitted.The results revealed two statistically significant explanatory variables for depression:The SUDS difference for sessions in which cognitive restructuring and mindfulness meditation were practiced,beta=-0.25,95%CI:-1.23 to-0.1,and the pre-intervention level of depression,beta=0.62,95%CI:0.37-0.75.The second model for loneliness revealed only one significant explanatory variable:The SUDS difference for sessions in which relaxation and guided imagery were practiced,beta=0.41,95%CI:0.14-0.65.CONCLUSION Different psychological techniques seem to have different effects on distress,loneliness and depression.Understanding the pathways by which distinct techniques affect negative mental symptoms has implications for future intervention design.展开更多
Objective: To discuss the application of distress thermometer (DT) on psychological pain in primary hospital patients with prostatic cancer (Pca) and prostatitis;and to analyze the present status and related factors o...Objective: To discuss the application of distress thermometer (DT) on psychological pain in primary hospital patients with prostatic cancer (Pca) and prostatitis;and to analyze the present status and related factors of psychological pain in these patients. Methods: Questionnaire survey of DT and related problem lists were carried out in 168 patients with Pca and 226 patients with prostatitis. The data were input to EXCEL and analyzed with SPSS 18.0. The statistical description was used to analyze the graded of psychological pain. Square test and Logistic regression were used to analyze influence factors of significant psychological distress. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between psychological distress and related problems. Results: Psychological pain score of Pca patients and prostatitis patients were 3.42 ± 1.86 and 3.02 ± 1.75, respectively. Moderate to severe degree of pain accounted for 69.6% in Pca patients, compared to 49.1% in prostatitis patients. In Pca and prostatitis patients, marital status, age, educational backgrounds and income were associated. Physical and emotional problems were the top two items having the highest score. Psychological distress score was positively correlated with physical problems, emotional problems, practical problems and communication problems in both Pcar and prostatitis patients. Conclusion: The Distress Thermometer can be used to assess the severity and explore the causes of psychological distress in Pca patients and prostatitis patients. Our study could help detecting the degree and reason of psychological distress, and provide evidence for the possibility of future personalized intervention to treat medical mental problems in primary hospital.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the validity and reliability of Social Avoidance and Distress Scale(SAD) for conforming its applicability in Chinese students. Methods: A total of 598 undergraduates, 259 high school students we...Objective: To evaluate the validity and reliability of Social Avoidance and Distress Scale(SAD) for conforming its applicability in Chinese students. Methods: A total of 598 undergraduates, 259 high school students were administered five self-reported scales: Social Avoidance and Distress Scale, Interaction Anxiousness Scale, Self-rating Anxiety Scale, Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale, and Self-Rating Depression Scale. Results: Cronbach α of SAD was 0.85. The test-retest correlation was 0.76. The results of confirmatory factor analyses supported its 2-factor model. The correlation scores of SAD with the homogeneous scales were higher than that with heterogeneous scales. Conclusion: SAD had good psychometric properties applied in Chinese students.展开更多
基金This study was supported by Chinese Nursing Association Research Fund Project(ZHKY201405).
文摘Objectives:The objective of this study was to examine the falls efficacy of older adults in nursing homes and the related predictors of falling.Methods:A sample of 317 older adults was recruited from 18 nursing homes in the Fujian province of China.The Modified Falls Efficacy Scale(MFES)and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale(K10)were employed to collect data.Results:The falls efficacy of older adults was moderate(7.80±1.17).The falls efficacy questionnaire item“Get dressed and undressed”scored the highest(9.12±1.440),while“Crossing roads”scored the lowest(5.77±3.371).Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that mental health status,degree of self-care,age and gender were each predictors of the falls efficacy of older adults.Conclusions:Falls efficacy enhancing programs for nursing home residents should take mental health status,degree of self-care,age and gender into account.
文摘BACKGROUND Older adults have been considered a primary at-risk population during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and many efforts have been and still are directed toward supporting them and enhancing their capacity to cope with the pandemic.Evidence shows that by enhancing proactive coping abilities through psychological interventions,in which cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques are taught and practiced effectively,these interventions have supported older adults throughout the pandemic.However,the underlying mechanisms by which specific intervention components affect various mental states such as distress,depression and loneliness among older adults remain unclear and warrant investigation.AIM To determine the effect of an intervention using cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques on changes in distress,depression and loneliness.METHODS We performed a secondary analysis on data from a previous study in which community-dwelling older adults attended a short-term,internet-based intervention during the first COVID-19 wave in Israel.The intervention included seven sessions during which various cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness techniques were learned and practiced.In-session changes in psychological distress were measured using the Subjective Units of Distress Scale(SUDS),which participants rated at the beginning and end of each session.Participants also filled out questionnaires that evaluated levels of depression[Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)]and loneliness(UCLA loneliness Scale)prior to and after the entire intervention process.The effect of in-session changes in the SUDS on changes in post-intervention depression and loneliness levels were assessed,as a proxy for distinct technique effectiveness.RESULTS The findings indicated in-session differences in terms of a decrease in psychological distress(SUDS).Sessions that included relaxation exercises and guided imagery,as well as sessions that included cognitive restructuring and mindfulness meditation,demonstrated the largest decreases in in-session psychological distress(≥35%).Two multivariate regression models,one for levels of post-intervention depression(PHQ-9 score)and the other for levels of post-intervention loneliness(UCLA loneliness score),were fitted.The results revealed two statistically significant explanatory variables for depression:The SUDS difference for sessions in which cognitive restructuring and mindfulness meditation were practiced,beta=-0.25,95%CI:-1.23 to-0.1,and the pre-intervention level of depression,beta=0.62,95%CI:0.37-0.75.The second model for loneliness revealed only one significant explanatory variable:The SUDS difference for sessions in which relaxation and guided imagery were practiced,beta=0.41,95%CI:0.14-0.65.CONCLUSION Different psychological techniques seem to have different effects on distress,loneliness and depression.Understanding the pathways by which distinct techniques affect negative mental symptoms has implications for future intervention design.
文摘Objective: To discuss the application of distress thermometer (DT) on psychological pain in primary hospital patients with prostatic cancer (Pca) and prostatitis;and to analyze the present status and related factors of psychological pain in these patients. Methods: Questionnaire survey of DT and related problem lists were carried out in 168 patients with Pca and 226 patients with prostatitis. The data were input to EXCEL and analyzed with SPSS 18.0. The statistical description was used to analyze the graded of psychological pain. Square test and Logistic regression were used to analyze influence factors of significant psychological distress. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between psychological distress and related problems. Results: Psychological pain score of Pca patients and prostatitis patients were 3.42 ± 1.86 and 3.02 ± 1.75, respectively. Moderate to severe degree of pain accounted for 69.6% in Pca patients, compared to 49.1% in prostatitis patients. In Pca and prostatitis patients, marital status, age, educational backgrounds and income were associated. Physical and emotional problems were the top two items having the highest score. Psychological distress score was positively correlated with physical problems, emotional problems, practical problems and communication problems in both Pcar and prostatitis patients. Conclusion: The Distress Thermometer can be used to assess the severity and explore the causes of psychological distress in Pca patients and prostatitis patients. Our study could help detecting the degree and reason of psychological distress, and provide evidence for the possibility of future personalized intervention to treat medical mental problems in primary hospital.
文摘Objective: To evaluate the validity and reliability of Social Avoidance and Distress Scale(SAD) for conforming its applicability in Chinese students. Methods: A total of 598 undergraduates, 259 high school students were administered five self-reported scales: Social Avoidance and Distress Scale, Interaction Anxiousness Scale, Self-rating Anxiety Scale, Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale, and Self-Rating Depression Scale. Results: Cronbach α of SAD was 0.85. The test-retest correlation was 0.76. The results of confirmatory factor analyses supported its 2-factor model. The correlation scores of SAD with the homogeneous scales were higher than that with heterogeneous scales. Conclusion: SAD had good psychometric properties applied in Chinese students.
