hucMSC-Exs缓解IBD恶性转化机制的研究进展(综述)

炎症性肠病(IBD)长期迁延不愈,易恶性转化导致结直肠癌(CRC)发生,目前临床上仍缺乏有效治疗IBD的方法。人脐带间充质干细胞(hucMSCs)及其来源的外泌体(Exs)能修复DSS诱导的小鼠IBD。人脐带间充质干细胞来源外泌体(hucMSC-Exs)抑制了由AOM/DSS诱导的小鼠IBD恶性转化,可能是通过下调小分子泛素样修饰体-1(SUMO1)的表达进而影响相关信号通路的调控,但确切的机制亟待阐明。该文试图通过相关文献综述,阐明hucMSC-Exs作用的结直肠黏膜组织靶细胞及靶细胞对hucMSC-Exs的应答,揭示hucMSC-Exs下调靶细胞中SUMO1表达的关键分子及相关信号通路,深入探讨hucMSC-Exs抑制IBD恶性转化的作用机制,为hucMSC-Exs治疗IBD及其恶性转化提供新的思路。

Identifying the Hydrochemical Characteristics,Genetic Mechanisms and Potential Human Health Risks of Fluoride and Nitrate Enriched Groundwater in the Tongzhou District,Beijing,North China

Fluoride and nitrate enriched groundwater are potential threats to the safety of the groundwater supply that may cause significant effects on human health and public safety,especially in aggregated population areas and economic hubs.This study focuses on the high F^(−)and NO_(3)^(−)concentration groundwater in Tongzhou District,Beijing,North China.A total of 36 groundwater samples were collected to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics,elucidate genetic mechanisms and evaluate the potential human health risks.The results of the analysis indicate:Firstly,most of the groundwater samples are characterized by Mg-HCO_(3) and Na-HCO_(3) with the pH ranging from 7.19 to 8.28 and TDS with a large variation across the range 471-2337 mg/L.The NO_(3)^(−)concentration in 38.89%groundwater samples and the F^(−)concentration in 66.67%groundwater samples exceed the permissible limited value.Secondly,F^(−)in groundwater originates predominantly from water-rock interactions and the fluorite dissolution,which is also regulated by cation exchange,competitive adsorption of HCO_(3)−and an alkaline environment.Thirdly,the effect of sewage disposal and agricultural activities have a significant effect on high NO3-concentration,while the high F^(−)concentration is less influenced by anthropogenic activity.The alkaline environment favors nitrification,thus being conducive to the production of NO_(3)^(−).Finally,the health risk assessment is evaluated for different population groups.The results indicate that high NO_(3)^(−)and F^(−)concentration in groundwater would have the largest threat to children’s health.The findings of this study could contribute to the provision of a scientific basis for groundwater supply policy formulation relating to public health in Tongzhou District.

Effects of drip and flood irrigation on carbon dioxide exchange and crop growth in the maize ecosystem in the Hetao Irrigation District,China

Drip irrigation and flood irrigation are major irrigation methods for maize crops in the Hetao Irrigation District,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China.This research delves into the effects of these irrigation methods on carbon dioxide(CO_(2))exchange and crop growth in this region.The experimental site was divided into drip and flood irrigation zones.The irrigation schedules of this study aligned with the local commonly used irrigation schedule.We employed a developed chamber system to measure the diurnal CO_(2)exchange of maize plants during various growth stages under both drip and flood irrigation methods.From May to September in 2020 and 2021,two sets of repeated experiments were conducted.In each experiment,a total of nine measurements of CO_(2)exchange were performed to obtain carbon exchange data at different growth stages of maize crop.During each CO_(2)exchange measurement event,CO_(2)flux data were collected every two hours over a day-long period to capture the diurnal variations in CO_(2)exchange.During each CO_(2)exchange measurement event,the biological parameters(aboveground biomass and crop growth rate)of maize and environmental parameters(including air humidity,air temperature,precipitation,soil water content,and photosynthetically active radiation)were measured.The results indicated a V-shaped trend in net ecosystem CO_(2)exchange in daytime,reducing slowly at night,while the net assimilation rate(net primary productivity)exhibited a contrasting trend.Notably,compared with flood irrigation,drip irrigation demonstrated significantly higher average daily soil CO_(2)emission and greater average daily CO_(2)absorption by maize plants.Consequently,within the maize ecosystem,drip irrigation appeared more conducive to absorbing atmospheric CO_(2).Furthermore,drip irrigation demonstrated a faster crop growth rate and increased aboveground biomass compared with flood irrigation.A strong linear relationship existed between leaf area index and light utilization efficiency,irrespective of the irrigation method.Notably,drip irrigation displayed superior light use efficiency compared with flood irrigation.The final yield results corroborated these findings,indicating that drip irrigation yielded higher harvest index and overall yield than flood irrigation.The results of this study provide a basis for the selection of optimal irrigation methods commonly used in the Hetao Irrigation District.This research also serves as a reference for future irrigation studies that consider measurements of both carbon emissions and yield simultaneously.

Properties and Characterization of Two Clays Raw Material from Mountain District (West of Côte d’Ivoire) for Use in Low-Carbon Cements

This work was devoted to the study of the physico-chemical properties of two clay minerals from the Mountain District (West Côte d'Ivoire) referenced ME1 and ME2. These samples were characterized by the experimental techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Infrared spectroscopy (IR), Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES), Differential Thermal Analysis and Thermogravimetry (DTA-TG), Brunauer, Emett and Teller method (BET), laser particle size analysis and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The main results of these analyses reveal that the two clay samples mainly contain quartz (52.91% for ME1 and 51.72% for ME2), kaolinite (36.60% for ME1 and 41.6% for ME2) and associated phases, namely goethite and hematite (13.47% for ME1 and 11.00% for ME2). The specific surface values obtained for samples ME1 and ME2 are 34.78 m2/g and 29.18 m2/g respectively. The results obtained show that the samples studied belong to the kaolinite family. After calcination, they could have good pozzolanic activity and therefore be used in the manufacture of low-carbon cements.

中医药对肠道菌群及其代谢物治疗IBD的研究进展

炎症性肠病(IBD),是一种自身免疫性疾病,肠道微生物群及其代谢产物的紊乱与IBD的进展密切相关。中医药可以通过调控肠道菌群及其代谢物进而影响IBD的潜在价值越来越受到研究者的关注。中药中含有多糖、多酚、皂苷、生物碱、有机酸等多种物质,可通过调控肠道菌群及其代谢物的种类及数量,来调节肠道免疫,抑制炎症因子渗出,减轻肠道炎症,修复肠道黏膜,减少肠道黏膜通透性,本文就中医药基于肠道菌群及其代谢物治疗IBD的研究进行综述。

Evaluation of the Resuscitation of the Newborn in the Birth Room of the Maternity Ward of the Gynecology-Obstetrics Department of Reference Health Center (RHC) of the District V of Bamako, Mali

Birth is the transition from fetal life to ectopic life. This transition is usually smooth. Only 10% of newborns will need birth assistance. Successful resuscitation is linked to the skills of the health worker. It is to assess their skills that this work was undertaken with the objective of evaluating the practice of neonatal resuscitation in the delivery room of the RHC maternity hospital in District V of Bamako. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study over a four-month period. We included in the study all live newborns who had a gestational age greater than or equal to 32 weeks and who had an Apgar score at the first minute of less than 7. At each birth, we observe the health agent responsible for the care of the newborn by observing the preparation of resuscitation and compliance with the neonatal resuscitation algorithm. We have excluded all newborns who met our inclusion criteria, were reanimated outside of our collection time and had visible or diagnosed anomalies or malformations in the prenatal period, and those whose parents refused to give their consent to participate in the study. Data were collected from the survey sheet and analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 25. Results: We observed a 24.66% frequency of neonatal resuscitation. Pregnancies were too close in 15% (less than one year). Caesarean section delivery represented 34% of the sample. They were at term in 93% of cases. All newborns were well dried (98.5%), with wet linen change only at 49.5%. Apgar was less than 3 in 7.5% of newborns at first. The resuscitation needs were for the absence of a scream in 78.5% of cases and or heart rate Conclusion: The study evaluated neonatal resuscitation practices at a maternity hospital in Bamako, Mali. It found a 24.66% resuscitation rate, with a 95.5% success rate despite technical limitations. Most steps were correctly applied, though some improvements are needed in areas like preventing hypothermia and equipment preparation.

Integration between Genomic and Computational Statistical Surveys for the Screening of SNP Genetic Variants in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Pediatric Patients*

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are complex multifactorial disorders that include Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Considering that IBD is a genetic and multifactorial disease, we screened for the distribution dynamism of IBD pathogenic genetic variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms;SNPs) and risk factors in four (4) IBD pediatric patients, by integrating both clinical exome sequencing and computational statistical approaches, aiming to categorize IBD patients in CD and UC phenotype. To this end, we first aligned genomic read sequences of these IBD patients to hg19 human genome by using bowtie 2 package. Next, we performed genetic variant calling analysis in terms of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for genes covered by at least 20 read genomic sequences. Finally, we checked for biological and genomic functions of genes exhibiting statistically significant genetic variant (SNPs) by introducing Fitcon genomic parameter. Findings showed Fitcon parameter as normalizing IBD patient’s population variability, as well as inducing a relative good clustering between IBD patients in terms of CD and UC phenotypes. Genomic analysis revealed a random distribution of risk factors and as well pathogenic SNPs genetic variants in the four IBD patient’s genome, claiming to be involved in: i) Metabolic disorders, ii) Autoimmune deficiencies;iii) Crohn’s disease pathways. Integration of genomic and computational statistical analysis supported a relative genetic variability regarding IBD patient population by processing IBD pathogenic SNP genetic variants as opposite to IBD risk factor variants. Interestingly, findings clearly allowed categorizing IBD patients in CD and UC phenotypes by applying Fitcon parameter in selecting IBD pathogenic genetic variants. Considering as a whole, the study suggested the efficiency of integrating clinical exome sequencing and computational statistical tools as a right approach in discriminating IBD phenotypes as well as improving inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) molecular diagnostic process.

Optimization of Agricultural Industrial Structure in Changping District of Beijing Based on Grey Relational Analysis

In the economic development of Beijing,although the share of the total amount of agricultural industry in the overall economy is relatively low,it has an important impact on the daily life of residents,social stability and the development of other industries.Changping District,as an important agricultural production base of Beijing,its agricultural development has an indispensable strategic significance for the stability and growth of the entire regional economy.Therefore,it is very important to study the structure of agricultural industry in Changping District.Based on the detailed analysis of the agricultural industrial structure of Changping District,this paper uses the grey relation theory to analyze the different industries in the agricultural industrial structure of Changping District,including planting,forestry,animal husbandry,fishery and agricultural,forestry,service industries,in order to reveal the impact of these industries on the agricultural industrial structure of Changping District.Through this study,it comes up with specific and feasible suggestions for the optimization of agricultural industrial structure in Changping District,and provides valuable reference for the agricultural development of other areas in Beijing.

Spectral matching based remote sensing identification of two main crop rotation patterns in a large irrigation district

The rapid identification of planting patterns for major crops in a large irrigated district has vital importance for irrigation management,water fee collection,and crop yield estimation.In this study,the OTSU algorithm and Mean-Shift algorithm were employed to automatically determine threshold values for mapping two main rotated crop patterns at the pixel scale.A time series analysis was conducted to extract the spatial distribution of rice-wheat and wheat-maize rotations in the Chuanhang irrigation district from 2016 to 2020.The results demonstrate that both threshold segmentation algorithms are reliable in extracting the spatial distribution of the crops,with an overall accuracy exceeding 80%.Additionally,both Kappa coefficients surpass 0.7,indicating better performance by OTSU method.Over the period from 2016 to 2020,the area occupied by rice-wheat rotation cropping ranged from 12500 to 14400 hm 2;whereas wheat-maize rotation cropping exhibited smaller and more variable areas ranging from 19730 to 34070 hm 2.These findings highlight how remote sensing-based approaches can provide reliable support for rapidly and accurately identifying the spatial distribution of main crop rotation patterns within a large irrigation district.

Improving the Quality of Public Space in Old Residential Areas Based on Superposition and Intervention:A Case Study of Baihuazhou District of Nanchang City

With the development of cities,China has entered an era of stock planning.The functions of old residential areas in urban development can no longer meet the needs of residents in the new era for a better life,and new standards have been put forward for the quality of public spaces for living.This paper analyzes and sorts out the characteristics and problems of the public space in the old residential areas of Baihuazhou district.Combining superposition and intervention techniques,the spatial,historical,cultural and other characteristic elements of the residential areas are preserved to the greatest extent.The public space in the old residential areas of Baihuazhou District is updated and reconstructed in order to achieve the goal of improving the quality of its public space.

Analysis of Characteristics and Meteorological Influencing Factors of Air Pollution in Luojiang District,Deyang City

Based on the monitoring data of ambient air quality and meteorological observation data,the characteristics and meteorological influencing factors of air pollution in Luojiang District of Deyang City from 2018 to 2022 were analyzed.The results show that from 2018 to 2022,the main air pollutants affecting the air quality of Luojiang District of Deyang City were PM_(2.5) and PM_(10),and the primary pollutant on heavy pollution days was basically PM_(2.5).PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) pollution showed obvious seasonal differences,and PM_(2.5) concentration exceeded the limit mainly in spring and winter,among which it was the most serious in early spring,especially in January and February,followed by December.PM_(10) exceeding the standard had a high seasonal correlation with PM_(2.5) exceeding the standard,mainly in spring and winter,among which it was the most serious in winter,especially in December,followed by January.PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) pollution showed an overall weakening trend.PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) concentration were closely related to meteorological factors such as temperature,relative humidity,wind speed,precipitation and air pressure,and were mainly affected by rainfall.

鸡IBD病毒免疫原性VP2蛋白全悬浮培养工艺的研究

为获取高稳定性、高均一性、高效价的鸡IBD病毒免疫原性VP2蛋白亚单位苗,本研究通过对不同的温度、病毒接毒量、细胞密度、收获时间、pH、溶氧(DO)、转数等培养条件,对鸡IBD病毒免疫原性VP2蛋白在SF9全悬浮细胞上培养工艺进行了优化,筛选出了最佳的全悬浮培养工艺,用该工艺制备免疫原性VP2蛋白,灭活后配制成疫苗,并进行安全性、效力等检验。结果表明,抗体效价高于国家标准,免疫SPF鸡后安全性合格,均未出现不良反应,此培养工艺为SF9全悬浮细胞规模化和工业化生产鸡IBD病毒免疫原性VP2蛋白提供依据和理论基础,新型鸡IBD病毒免疫原性VP2蛋白亚单位苗研究,对鸡IBD的防控具有重要意义。

跨流域调水前后白洋淀淀区水资源短缺风险分析

跨流域调水深刻改变了白洋淀淀区下垫面的供水条件,揭示淀区下垫面供水量与实际蒸散发量(ET a)的关系对于淀区用水安全和水资源管理具有重要意义。采用基于Budyko理论的傅抱璞经验公式对白洋淀淀区的ET a进行计算,然后运用Archimedean Copula函数对淀区不同供水组合与ET a的联合分布进行研究。结果表明:跨流域调水前后白洋淀淀区多年平均ET a分别为547.24、583.96 mm,且ET a变化趋势与下垫面的供水变化趋势相同;不同Archimedean Copula函数均可较好地描述下垫面供水量与ET a的相依关系和联合概率分布特性;同时段“P+R+Q与ET a”与“P+R与ET a”的联合概率相比下降了0.06,条件概率下降了0.04,条件重现期增加了6.67年,在二者均值所构建的联合分布中,联合概率下降了0.10,条件概率下降了0.26。以上结果表明,实施跨流域调水工程以来,白洋淀淀区水资源短缺风险有所降低。

易地扶贫搬迁脱贫人口的人力资本、生计模式与脱贫脆弱性——基于凉山彝区大型易地扶贫搬迁安置点的调研分析

基于凉山彝区大型易地扶贫搬迁安置点1034户脱贫家庭的调研数据,实证分析人力资本对脱贫脆弱性的影响及作用机制。研究发现:部分脱贫户的脱贫较为脆弱,但能够守住不发生规模性返贫的底线;人力资本对脱贫脆弱性具有显著的负向影响,引入工具变量后其结论仍然成立,采用因变量替换法检验后其结论仍然稳健;人力资本对脱贫脆弱性的作用没有安置点类型差异,但有家庭收入差异;生计模式在人力资本对脱贫脆弱性的影响中起到中介作用。因此,建议高度重视脱贫脆弱性高风险的家庭,持续强化脱贫家庭人力资本的提升,创新推动脱贫家庭的生计模式转型。

区域市场一体化与产业链韧性——基于“撤县设区”改革的准自然实验

以“撤县设区”改革的制度冲击作为区域市场一体化的指标表示,基于2009—2021年中国内地地区278个地级市的样本数据,采用广义双重差分方法,实证检验了区域市场一体化是否有助于提升产业链韧性。研究结果表明,市场一体化对产业链韧性有显著的促进作用,创新要素集聚、产业结构优化升级和市场规模扩大是市场一体化正向影响发挥的主要渠道。相比较而言,市场一体化对产业链韧性的促进作用在营商环境更优越、数字经济发展程度更高、规模更大的城市表现更为突出。并且,市场一体化的正向影响效应随着政府和市场关系的改善存在非线性递增特征,发育良好的要素市场和公平公正的法律制度环境更能充分释放市场一体化对产业链韧性的强化作用。

硒增强雏鸡对IBD抵抗力机制的细胞免疫研究

为了解硒对雏鸡传染性法氏囊病（ＩＢＤ）抵抗大的影响及其细胞免疫机制，自１日龄起给雏鸡分别饲喂基础（含硒０．０８６ｍｇ／ｋｇ）、补硒０．３ｍｇ／ｋｇ和０．６ｍｇ／ｋｇ的不同日粮，于４９日龄采用微量全血培养￣３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法测定其中自然发生ＩＢＤ后第１０天和正常对照雏鸡的Ｔ淋巴细胞转化率，并计算ＩＢＤ鸡死亡率。结果，两补硒组ＩＢＤ雏鸡死亡率显著低于基础日粮组ＩＢＤ雏鸡（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＩＢＤ明显抑制雏鸡Ｔ淋巴细胞转化率（Ｐ＜０．０５；Ｐ＜０．０１）；补硒的正常对照雏鸡和ＩＢＤ雏鸡Ｔ淋巴细胞转化率分别高于各自基础日粮雏鸡（Ｐ＜０．０５；Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果显示补硒可提高雏鸡细胞免疫功能，从而增强雏鸡对ＩＢＤ抵抗力，降低雏鸡死亡率。

合成法氏囊素和LCGF与卵黄抗体对鸡IBD的治疗作用

应用溶血空斑试验和溶血分光光度测定法分析了合成法氏囊素 ( BS)及其结构类似物—肝细胞生长因子 ( L CGF)对机体抗体形成细胞的影响 ,并进一步研究了二者对IBD的治疗作用。结果证明 ,合成 BS和L CGF均能显著提高小鼠抗体形成细胞的增殖 ,促进小鼠抗 SRBC抗体分泌 ( P <0 .0 1 )。治疗试验表明 ,合成 BS和 LCGF或卵黄抗体单独应用 ,均可显著提高 IBD发病鸡群的成活率 ( P <0 .0 1 )。BS,LCGF单独应用或与卵黄抗体结合的治疗效果均显著高于试验剂量的卵黄抗体 ( P <0 .0 1 ) ,高剂量的 BS能促进病鸡法氏囊损伤的修复。

有机生态型废旧基质还田利用对辣椒生长及产量和经济效益的影响

通过探索有机生态型废旧基质的资源化、无害化利用新途径,使河西灌区有机生态型废旧基质得到资源化循环再利用。以辣椒品种美国红为指示作物,在河西绿洲灌区灌漠土区研究了有机生态型废旧基质还田对辣椒生长的影响。结果表明,施用废旧基质30 t/hm^(2)+80%常规施肥(N 300.0 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)96.0 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O 72.0 kg/hm^(2))时,辣椒折合产量最高,为32340 kg/hm^(2),较不施肥对照增产27.31%,较常规施肥处理(N 375.0 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)120.0 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O 90.0 kg/hm^(2))增产12.84%;产值、净产值均最高,分别达到71148.0、45742.0元/hm^(2),较不施肥对照分别增加15261.4、7705.4元/hm^(2),较常规施肥处理分别增加8096.0、4360.0元/hm^(2)。该有机生态型废旧基质还田配施化肥模式能有效提高辣椒产量、产值,建议在河西灌区灌漠土区辣椒生产上加以推广应用。

不同IBD疫苗对SPF鸡的免疫抑制作用

用Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ４种ＩＢＤ毒性型疫苗对６日龄ＳＰＦ鸡进行免疫接种，根据免疫５ｄ后法氏囊的病理变化、囊／体比、囊指数以及免疫１２ｄ后对ＮＤ疫苗的免疫应答情况等，综合评定这４种疫苗的免疫抑制作用。结果发现，雏鸡早期免疫ＩＢＤ毒性型疫苗对法氏囊有明显的损害，其中对囊损伤最轻的是Ａ苗，最严重的是Ｂ苗。这４种ＩＢＤ疫苗均对新城疫疫苗免疫产生免疫抑制作用，其中Ａ苗引起的最轻、最短暂，Ｄ苗次之，最严重的是Ｂ苗。

紫锥菊和黄芪活性成分缓解IBD雏鸡免疫抑制性的研究

为探讨紫锥菊、黄芪对感染传染性法氏囊病(IBD)雏鸡免疫的影响,给14日龄雏鸡灌服不同浓度紫锥菊、黄芪合剂(按3∶1比例混匀),其有效成分为菊苣酸和黄芪多糖,连续灌服7 d,21日龄时给雏鸡接种传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)。结果表明,应用紫锥菊、黄芪后可缓解IBDV造成法氏囊的病理损伤,增加免疫器官指数,在攻毒20 d后差异明显;用药组中球蛋白含量在攻毒后11 d升高明显,可以缓解免疫抑制,进而调节机体免疫机能,增强机体的防御功能,有利于该病的防治。