Attitudes of undergraduate nursing students toward Objective Structure Practical Examination: An Exploratory study

Background: Objective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE) is a method of assessment of clinical competence.The examination is conducted at multiple stations.Besides practical and problem-solving skills,theoretical knowledge is also tested.OSPE can be traced back more than 40 years.OSPE has been included more than two decades,as a part of assessment in the College of Nursing,All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS),New Delhi.Objectives: This study was carried out to determine nursing students' attitudes towards OSPE as an assessment tool.Participants: The responses of all the 252 Undergraduate nursing students studying at the College of Nursing,AIIMS were obtained for this study (77 from B.Sc.(H) Nursing first year,61 from the second year,69 from the third year and 45 from the fourth year).Methods: The students attitudes towards OSPE were assessed by using a validated questionnaire containing 28 item statements on Likert's 5-point scale (LS) and 11 bipolar adjectives on Osgood's 7-point Semantic'Differential Scale (OSDS).Result: Most of the students approved of OSPE and felt that it was fair,useful,good,effective,exciting,interesting,practical,skill oriented but also taxing.The study also revealed that amongst the second years' students there was a strong correlation between Overall Rank in the Class and Assessment of OSPE.Conclusion: The study supports the introduction of OSPE as one of the methods of assessment of B.Sc.(Hons.) Nursing students.

Test anxiety in objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) compared with traditional assessment methods in undergraduate midwifery students

BACKGROUND: Final comprehensive exam is the most important examination for midwifery students to evaluate their professional ability and Test anxiety is a common phenomenon among college students. Because test anxiety is one of the problems of educational systems, this study was performed to compare test anxiety in objective structured clinical examinations (OS-CEs) and traditional assessment methods (TAM) among Undergraduate Midwifery Students. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 52 students of Babol Midwifery College were participated in the study. 20 students were evaluated using TAM in November 2010, and 32 students were evaluated using the OSCE method in July 2011. Data were collected via a two-component questionnaire including demographic data and the test anxiety inventory (TAI). Results: All of midwifery students were women;the mean age of students, ages of father and mother’s were 23.1 ± 0.7, 52.3 ± 3.5 and 47.8 ± 4.9 years, respectively. Most of the students were single (61.5%). The mean education levels of father and mother’s were 11.6 ± 4.5 and 9.9 ± 4.0 years, respectively. The mean score of test anxiety in students was 42.51 ± 13.16. The most of participants did have moderate test anxiety (56.9%), two present not had any test anxiety, 37.3% had low test anxiety, and 3.9% had severe test anxiety. In sum, 98% had some degrees of test anxiety. There were the statistical differences in the mean score of text anxiety in OSCEs Compared with TAM in Undergraduate Midwifery Students (39.38 ± 13.81 vs. 47.35 ± 10.67, P = 0.033). Also, the mean severity of anxiety was different in two groups. The mean of moderate/severe test anxiety was more in TAM compared with OSCEs (52.57% vs. 49.56%, p = 0.000). The test anxiety had a positive correlation with father’s education, mother’s education (0.286, p = 0.042), father’s age, mother’s age, marital status, residency (0.292, p = 0.042). Also, there are negative correlations with student age, satisfaction, total Grade Point Average (GPA) (-0.387, p = 0.007), final score, type of assessment (-0.298, p = 0.033). There is a significant difference between the severity anxiety residency in total (p = 0.10) and OSCEs (p = 0.049) groups, mother’s education in total (p = 0.005) and OSCEs groups (0.012) and GPA (p = 0.028). Conclusion: OSCEs were superior to TAM in the reduction of test anxiety in midwifery students. The prevalence of test anxiety was in TAM than OSCEs method;therefore, using OSCEs is acknowledged as an effective assessment tool and is seen as the gold standard for evaluating clinical performance.

A Study on the Participation of Foreign Students in Local Cultural and Folk Activities in Wenzhou

The number of foreign students studying in Wenzhou, China has increased dramatically as a result of the Belt and Road Initiative. Learning the motivations and leisure constraints of foreign students' participation in local cultural and folk activities in Wenzhou is beneficial to promoting cultural adaptation, strengthening Chinese cultural self-confidence, and improving Wenzhou's international image. Based on the hierarchical model of leisure constraints (personal constraints, interpersonal constraints, and structural constraints), this study has tended to focus on the leisure constraints for foreign students participating in local folk and cultural activities in Wenzhou. A total of seven participants were included in the analysis.

Constructing the Training Curriculum of Standardized Patients for OSCE Examination for Undergraduate Nursing Students in Shanxi Medical University

Objective: The objective of this study is to construct the simulated patient training curriculum for OSCE examination for undergraduate nursing students and to explore the theoretical and practical foundation. Methods: To establish TSP training curriculum and SSP training curriculum, 30 experts were invited to finish the questionnaires which were proved by Delphi Method. Findings: We established the training curriculum of TSP and SSP, and set the weight of various curricula and teaching contents. Conclusions: The experts considered that the degree and importance of these two training curricula were comparable. This conclusion lays the foundation for applying these curricula to teaching practice and clinical practice, and enhancing the teaching outcome of undergraduate nursing students. Implications: This study provided a new way of assessing the clinic ability of nursing students.

Volatility spillovers,structural breaks and uncertainty in technology sector markets

This study uses the dynamic conditional correlation to investigate how technology subsector stocks interact with financial assets in the face of economic and financial uncertainty.Our results suggest that structural breaks have diverse effects on financial asset connectedness and that the level of bond linkage increases when the trend breaks.We see a growing co-movement between the technology sector and major financial assets when uncertainty is considered.Overall,our findings indicate that the connectedness response varies depending on the type of uncertainty shock.

Mechanisms Influencing Learning Gains Under Information Security: Structural Equation Modeling with Mediating Effect

With the expanding enrollments in higher education,the quality of col-lege education and the learning gains of students have attracted much attention.It is important to study the influencing factors and mechanisms of individual stu-dents’acquisition of learning gains to improve the quality of talent cultivation in colleges.However,in the context of information security,the original data of learning situation surveys in various universities involve the security of educa-tional evaluation data and daily privacy of teachers and students.To protect the original data,data feature mining and correlation analyses were performed at the model level.This study selected 12,181 pieces of data from X University,which participated in the Chinese College Student Survey(CCSS)from 2018 to 2021.A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted and a structural equation modeling was conducted using AMOS 24.0.Through hypothesis testing,this study explored the mechanisms that influence learning gains from the per-spectives of student involvement,teacher involvement,and school support.The results indicated that the quality of student involvement has an important mediat-ing effect on learning gains and that a supportive campus environment has the greatest influence on learning gains.Establishing positive emotional communica-tions between teachers and students is a more direct and effective method than improving the teaching level to improve the quality of student involvement.This study discusses the implications of these results on the research and practice of connotative development in higher education.

The Study-to-work Transition of Chinese International Students: Navigating a Future in the Global Labour Market

In the global competition for talents,the massive inflow of Chinese students into the UK has drawn great attention.However,only a few studies examine students’interactions with socioeconomic structures in their study-to-work transition.This study used Higher Education Statistics AgencyHESA,22data and interview data collected from Chinese postgraduate students,and it aims to:investigate structural factors that influence post-study migration patterns of Chinese students;and explore how Chinese students interact with wider social structures.This study found that different configurations between students"goals,""actions,"and"reflexivity"would lead to different employment outcomes.Three different study-to-work transition strategies were identified:"proceeding without a fixed plan";"reaching a compromise";and"knowing goals and approaching goals".Findings suggest that the transition between study and work is more complex than what is described in human capital and push-pull approaches.A better understanding of students’decision-making processes would help higher education institutions in preparing graduates for careers in the global labour market.

The International Mobility of Students Apprentices at the Heart of Building a Skills Economy: the Example of the Corsican Territory

At a time of exacerbated globalization,education,and more generally training,is a key factor for our society,at the heart of territories challenged to renew themselves in the face of the emergence around the globe of new centers of economic and demographic gravity,with their own models.Training,and its link with working life,is a real challenge to face,in the near future,the technological,economic,political and environmental revolutions that we are already facing.Beyond what is called sandwich training or continuing vocational training in Higher Education,the current challenge is indeed around lifelong learning,old concept but whose forms always call for an actualization in modernity.At the heart of a small island territory like Corsica,this challenge is all the more crucial to take up as it foreshadows its attractiveness in a context of glocalisation[8]now durably anchored.In an ever-changing global environment,with moving landmarks,increasingly complex personal and professional lives,and where everything that seemed well compartmentalized yesterday faces increasing porosity,the purpose of this contribution is to explain that the international mobility of students apprentices,at the heart of the construction of a skills economy,is a major strategic issue for the development and structuring of a small territory such as Corsica.

强化能力培养的微生物学混合式教学实践

微生物学课程强调实践和应用性,在重视以传统教学方式进行知识体系讲授的基础上,需加强并有效考核学生实践创新能力培养,从而服务于本专业人才培养需求。本教学改革从多个方面探索实践:明确课程能力培养目标,树立以学生为中心,全课程贯穿课程思政,重视科教融合的教学理念;充分利用信息化教学手段,系统采用“教师讲授LBL+团队学习TBL+案例教学PBL”多种方式打造高效教学课堂;以项目式综合实验优化实践教学,培养学生实践能力和创新能力;构建多元化考评体系量化学生高阶能力的培养。通过教学实践,显著提高了教学效果,激发了学生的学习兴趣,实践创新能力得到明显提高,在学科竞赛和论文发表中取得了较好成绩,为培养具有专业特色的人才奠定了良好的基础。

高等医学院校本科生临床肿瘤学知识结构分析及授课兴趣调查报告——以浙江大学为例

临床肿瘤学是肿瘤学临床实践及科学研究的桥梁,是高等医学院校为培养肿瘤学领域研究人员(如“强基计划”本科生)的教学重点。本研究以浙江大学为例,对高等医学院校本科生临床肿瘤学背景知识结构进行分析,并对其授课兴趣点进行调研,有望为将来肿瘤学相关本科生课程的教学设计提供重要的基础和参考。

面向中外学生的混凝土结构教学实践与思考

该文分析“一带一路”倡议背景下留学生混凝土结构教学面临的国际化教学挑战,传统的混凝土教学模式在国外留学生加入教育背景下亟需改进。该文首先分析天津大学土木工程系留学生构成比例及混凝土教学所面临的不同国家混凝土设计规范差异,分析作者所教授的混凝土结构设计和全英文高等混凝土结构等课程特点,并提出加强课程思政、丰富教学方法、重视实习基地、因材施教调整教学内容和多重考核方式的课程教学措施。以期达到提升混凝土教学质量,提升中外学生培养质量,增强中外学生人才培养素质,助力我国“一带一路”发展建设。

大学生在线学习力测评量表开发研究

在数字化赋能高等教育质量提升的关键时期,在线学习成为促进大学生持续发展与终身学习的重要方式,有效驱动在线自主学习也随之成为了大学生学习力的重要指向。基于自主学习视角,开展在线学习力测评,是提升大学生在线学习水平和学习质量的核心内容。该研究以齐莫曼自主学习研究框架为理论依据,结合文献分析与专家访谈,探索构成在线学习力的关键要素,研制大学生在线学习力测评量表,并通过两轮问卷调研(共1117个有效样本),验证量表的科学性和有效性。研究结果表明,大学生在线学习力因子模型主要涉及驱动力、策应力、调节力、顺应力和互惠力五个维度,量表具有较好的鉴别度、内容效度、结构效度和信度,可应用于更大范围的调查研究。

立德树人视角下课程设置对大学生德育素养的影响研究--以经济学专业为例

人才是第一资源,经济学人才更是推动产业结构优化升级,提升国家整体竞争力,实现经济高质量发展的重要引擎。因而,培养具备较高德育素养的经济学人才是高等教育的重要目标。良好的培养模式是提升经济学人才德育素养的主要推力,其中,课程设置是培养模式的核心组成部分,该文在立德树人视角下,使用问卷调查数据,实证检验课程设置对经济学专业人才的德育素养影响。研究结果表明,课程设置对高校学生德育培养具有显著促进作用,其中课程设置对学生创新能力的影响最大。高校应不断更新优化课程设置,包括增加实践性课程的比重,加强学生综合素质教育以培养创新思维和实践能力,提供多种形式的实践机会等方面提升经济学专业人才的德育素养。

聋生汉语特殊句式习得研究的新成果

本期重点号专题围绕基于语料库的听障学生汉语特殊句式研究,由多位聋校一线教师针对教学中的具体问题研究撰写。研究密切结合聋生习得汉语书面语的实际情况和特点,细致而深入地进行了阐述与分析,取得了有意义的研究结论,进一步深化了对研究论题的认识,对教学具有很强的指导意义和参考价值。

在线评测系统在生源多元化的高职院校程序设计类教学中的应用研究

对于高职院校的电子信息类专业而言,程序设计类课程(C语言程序设计、Python程序设计、Java程序设计等)属于必开的专业基础课。学生对于这些课程的掌握程度直接影响后续专业课程的学习。对于高职院校而言,生源结构多元化给程序设计类课程教学带来了巨大的挑战。文章通过在程序设计课程引入在线评测平台,自主建立题库,进行教学安排、课后学习、形成性考核,激发学生自主学习能力,解决学生学习没有目标、不能良好监督学生学习、教师反馈不及时等问题。教学实践证明,设计的教学系统教学效果良好。

学生标准化病人教学方法在神经内科临床实践教学中的应用

目的探讨将学生标准化病人应用于神经内科临床实践教学中的应用效果。方法将80名临床医学本科大四学生随机分成为传统临床带教对照组和学生标准化病人(student as standardized patients,SSP)组。对照组以传统临床带教的方式进行临床实践教学,SSP组采用学生标准化病人进行临床实践教学。临床实践结束后所有学生接受客观结构化临床考试(objective structured clinical examination,OSCE)及完成满意度问卷调查。结果SSP组在OSCE考试中病史采集、神经系统查体得分方面优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。调查问卷结果显示,SSP组在临床思维提升、激发学习兴趣、沟通能力提升方面得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论学生标准化病人应用于神经内科的临床实践过程中有助于提高临床医学生的病史采集及神经系统体格检查技能,取得更好的教学效果。

数字经济发展提升了出口贸易韧性吗?——基于跨国面板数据的经验研究

世界百年之未有的大变局下,全球经济发展不确定性显著增加了国际贸易风险,提升出口贸易韧性是对冲贸易风险冲击的关键。数字经济的快速发展为重塑出口贸易韧性提供了良好机遇。利用2008—2018年47个主要国家面板数据,度量其数字经济发展和出口贸易韧性水平,并基于工具变量法识别两者的因果效应。研究发现,数字经济发展提升了国家出口贸易韧性,且该影响存在异质性。就机制而言,创新能力与生产能力是数字经济影响出口贸易韧性的两个渠道,成本效应会削弱数字经济对出口贸易韧性的正向影响,生产结构多样化则会强化数字经济对出口贸易韧性的积极作用。研究为丰富数字经济发展的对外贸易效应提供经验证据,也为探寻出口贸易韧性的提升路径给予政策参考。

多元经营与主业坚守:出版传媒上市公司高质量发展研究

党的二十大报告提出,“高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务”。高质量发展是“十四五”乃至更长时期中国经济社会发展的主题。出版传媒上市公司是中国出版业高质量发展的微观基础,也是出版业中国式现代化进程的实践者和见证者,把握和分析我国出版传媒上市公司既有的主业营收结构及多元化经营的实际效果,是促进出版传媒企业高质量发展的基本前提。文章选取我国依托出版发行集团上市的20家出版传媒上市公司2018年至2023年上半年财务数据,从业务结构、区域结构、内部结构、输出结构四个维度,探析出版传媒上市公司高质量发展的营收现状。在此基础上,从多元经营与主业坚守的双向角度分析出版传媒上市公司高质量发展面临的挑战与困境,并针对性地提出有效的突破方案和路径。

执业环境与医学生防御性医疗行为倾向关系研究

目的了解医学生防御性医疗行为倾向现状,并探索执业环境与防御性医疗行为倾向之间的关系,为降低医学生防御性医疗行为倾向及改善防御性医疗产生的负面影响提供参考依据。方法选取黑龙江省4所医学院校的医学生开展网络问卷调查,采用Amos 26.0软件构建医学生执业环境与防御性医疗行为倾向关系的结构方程模型。结果医学生积极防御医疗行为倾向和消极防御性医疗行为倾向平均得分分别为(44.49±6.90)和(20.06±6.83)分。医学生积极防御性医疗行为倾向与医患关系认知呈正相关(β=0.892,P<0.05);消极防御性医疗行为倾向与环境认知、风险认知呈正相关(β=0.403、0.343,P<0.05),与医患关系认知呈负相关(β=-0.726,P<0.05)。风险认知作为中介变量,医患关系认知对消极防御性医疗行为倾向产生的直接效应与间接效应分别为-0.470和0.043,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论提升医学生医患关系认知有利于医学生正确认识防御性医疗行为。通过降低医学生对环境的消极认知或改善医学生对医患关系的认知来降低医学生消极防御性医疗行为倾向。

经济发展新常态背景下对大学生就业形势的审视与探究

在经济新常态背景下,大学生就业环境发生了显著变化,具体表现在经济增速放缓关联就业岗位萎缩、产业结构调整与社会保障缺失加剧就业结构性矛盾、增长动力转向重构大学生就业能力新要素等方面。与此同时,大学生就业准备尚未就绪,体现在大学生就业目标的行业和地域选择相对局限、就业心理资本缺失、就业能力不足等方面。为帮助大学生顺利就业,国家应优化教育结构,适度提前匹配产业结构升级;壮大和发展县域经济,拓展就业增量的新空间;建立健全社保体系,营造良性就业环境;重视心理建设,提升大学生就业心理资本;前置就业能力培养,加强信息化建设。