Modernization and the Diversity of Human Rights Among Civilizations--Review of the 2023 China-europe Seminar on Human Rights

Human rights are an achievement of humanity and a symbol of progress.Respect for and protection of human rights are basic principles of modern civilization.Around the world,countries and regions have chosen different paths to modernization,which are rooted in their unique civilizations.to promote exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations,facilitate human rights exchanges and cooperation between different countries,and advance the global development of human rights,on September 20,2023,the 2023 China-europe Seminar on Human Rights was held in Rome,the capital of Italy.Under the theme of“Modernization and the Diversity of Human Rights Among Civilizations,”the seminar focused on discussing topics such as exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations and the development of modern human rights philosophy,modernization and the free and well-rounded development of every person,sustainable development in the process of modernization,and the evolution of the civilization of human rights in the digital age.participants reached the following consensuses at the event:First,the participants from various countries spoke highly of the great achievements that China has made in human rights cause and fully recognized China’s contributions in promoting the development and progress of the global human rights cause;Second,the participants from all countries agreed that it is necessary to discard the concept of“Western-centrism,”transcend the mindset of“cultural superiority,”promote human rights exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations on the basis of equality and mutual respect,and inject new impetus into the diversity of human rights among civilizations;third,participants reaffirmed that human rights represent an open concept,and that we should discuss the development of human rights with an open mind and jointly promote the progress of human rights in the world.

Diversity of Civilization and Development of the World Human Rights Cause——Summary of “2019 South-South Human Rights Forum”

From December 10 to 11,2019,the State Council Information Office and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs jointly held the 2019 South-South Human Rights Forum in Beijing.Participants from more than 80 countries,regions and international organizations discussed and exchanged views on such topics as"the practices and experiences of human rights protection in the countries of the Global South","path of human rights development against the background of the diversity of civilizations","building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings and global human rights governance".Participants in the forum actively voiced their national human rights views,exchanged human rights development experiences,explored human rights development paths in developing countries,and reached broad consensus.In an international environment featuring the rise of unilateralism and hegemonism,the South-South Human Rights Forum issued a strong message of solidarity and cooperation among developing countries on human rights issues,and also conveyed to the world the firm determination of developing countries to jointly promote the healthy development of the world’s human rights cause.

Human Rights Consensus and the Common Prosperity of Civilizations--A Summary of Views at the “2018·China-Europe Seminar on Human Rights”

The "2018·China-Europe Seminar on Human Rights" was successfully held at the College of Europe in Bruges, Belgium, on June 28. The seminar was hosted by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the International Institute of Human Rights, and was organized by the Human Rights Institute at the Southwest University of Political Science and Law and the French ADELIE Language and Cultural Exchange Association. The University of Strasbourg, Vrije Universiteit Brussel and European Institute for Political and Strategic Communication were served as co-organizers. Over 60 experts and scholars in the field of human rights from China and Europe attended the seminar in search of the diversity of civilization and human rights protection, focusing on themes such as "the philosophy of human rights in a Chinese context", "the philosophy of human rights in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and its reflection", "human rights theory and practice in a pluralistic world", "human rights exchanges and dialogues under the diversity of civilization", and "in search of human rights consensus in diverse civilizations." In the context of respecting diversity, the seminar sought a consensus to promote trans-cultural communication in the form of dialogues and to strengthen understanding between the academic circles of China and Europe.

论人权文明的多样性

文明是人类在社会发展进程中所创造和积累的思想、制度、物质存在。人类文明在历史和现实中都充分体现了多样性,人权属于人类文明的一个组成部分,也必然拥有多样性。由于人类未来的健康发展依赖于文明的多样性,故而,当今世界也需要高度认可、积极倡导和充分推进人权文明的多样性。认可和支持人权文明的多样性是促动人权健康发展和有效交流对话的基本态度与基本立场。中国为推进人权文明的多样性作出了自身的贡献,同时也有必要越来越清晰地认识到,否定或忽略人权文明的多样性,以一种人权的立场和观念要求所有国家、所有文明屈从和实施某种人权制度,是政治霸权主义、文化沙文主义在人权领域的体现,会阻滞人权文明的顺利有效发展。

略论宪法财产权与民法财产权

财产权是我国公民基本权利之一,宪法和民法对财产权均做出了规定,但宪法权利与民法权利的侧重点不同,也使宪法财产权与民法财产权表现出既有差异又相互统一的特征。本文对二者进行了分析比较,并分析了两种法律规定的适用问题。

加拿大社会治理的经验剖析

当前,加拿大在世界上以社会和谐、幸福指数高著称,领先于美国、英国等西方发达国家,而同时加拿大也是一个由多种族、多元文化组成的移民国家。这显然与加拿大的各项社会治理政策分不开。加拿大社会治理的经验主要建立在尊重多元文化、注重公民权利、鼓励多元参与、健全的法律制度等四个方面基础上的。当前我国正在推进社会治理创新,通过借鉴加拿大的做法,并结合本土经验,有利于探索适合我国国情的社会治理途径。

现代化与人权文明多样性——“2023·中欧人权研讨会”会议综述

人权是人类文明进步的成果和标志,尊重和保障人权是现代文明的基本精神。当今世界,不同国家、不同地区各具特色的现代化道路。为推动不同文明交流互鉴、促进各国人权交流合作、共促世界人权事业更好发展,2023年9月20日,“2023·中欧人权研讨会”在意大利首都罗马举行。本次研讨会聚焦“现代化与人权文明多样性”,集中讨论了文明交流互鉴与现代人权理念的发展、现代化与人的自由全面发展、现代化进程中的可持续发展、数字时代的人权文明演进等议题。本次会议所达成的共识主要包括:一是与会各国嘉宾高度赞赏中国人权事业取得的成就,充分肯定中国为推动世界人权事业发展进步作出的贡献;二是与会各国嘉宾普遍认为应摒弃“西方中心论”,超越“文化优越感”,在平等和相互尊重的基础上促进人权文明交流互鉴,为人权文明多样性注入新动力;三是重申人权是一个开放的概念,应秉持开放的心态来讨论人权的发展,共同推进世界的人权进步。

民法草案与知识产权篇的专家建议稿

民法草案规定了知识产权的保护范围 ,同时又没有将“知识产权”按照原计划作为专篇列入其中 ,是一个十分令人满意的选择。在多数情况下 ,知识产权保护适用民法一般原则 ;在为数不少的重要场合 ,知识产权保护不适用一般民法原则。与民法起草同步地研究知识产权在其中的位置及作用 ,能够促进而不是妨害民法典的不断完善。 2 0 0 2年 1 2月的民法草案 ,对于我国的知识产权保护 ,非常突出的一点就是明确了要保护“传统知识”和“生物多样化”。

论中国式人权文明新形态

在一定意义上,人权文明处于人类文明的顶端,是各种人类文明的结晶。中国式人权文明新形态,是中国式人权发展道路在文明形态上的集中反映,也是中国式现代化道路的重要内容,其本质是人民人权。中国式人权文明,是马克思主义人权观同中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合的产物,也是人权的普遍性原则与中国国情相结合的产物,有其自身的生成逻辑、科学内涵、形态特征和历史方位。中国式人权文明新形态,以社会主义为本色,以中华文明为底色,以创新发展为新色,借鉴人类人权文明优秀成果,是一种全新的人类人权文明形态,构建起了许多具有新的历史特点的人权新概念、新范畴、新表述,在人类人权文明发展史上有着重要位置。在新时代建设中国特色社会主义的伟大事业中,中国共产党尊重和保障人权的成功实践,充分表明中国走出了一条顺应时代潮流、适合中国国情的人权发展道路,开创了一种人类人权文明新形态,为丰富人类人权文明多样性贡献了中国力量、中国智慧、中国方案。

文明多样性与世界人权事业的发展——“2019·南南人权论坛”观点综述

2019年12月10日至11日,国务院新闻办公室和外交部在京共同举办"2019·南南人权论坛"。来自80多个国家、地区和国际组织的与会代表围绕"南方国家人权保障的实践与经验""文明多样性背景下的人权道路选择""构建人类命运共同体与全球人权治理"等议题进行了探讨和交流。与会代表在论坛中积极阐明本国人权主张,交流人权发展经验,探讨发展中国家人权发展路径,达成广泛共识。在单边主义、霸权主义横行的国际环境下,南南人权论坛发出了加强发展中国家在人权议题上团结合作的时代强音,也向世界传递了发展中国家携手推进世界人权事业健康发展的坚定决心。