Intelligent Small Sample Defect Detection of Concrete Surface Using Novel Deep Learning Integrating Improved YOLOv5

Dear Editor,This letter presents an intelligent small sample defect detection of concrete surface using novel deep learning integrating the improved YOLOv5 based on the Wasserstein GAN(WGAN)enhancement algorithm.The proposed method is capable of producing top-notch data sets to address the issues of insufficient samples and substandard quality.

Enhancing Data Analysis and Automation: Integrating Python with Microsoft Excel for Non-Programmers

Microsoft Excel is essential for the End-User Approach (EUA), offering versatility in data organization, analysis, and visualization, as well as widespread accessibility. It fosters collaboration and informed decision-making across diverse domains. Conversely, Python is indispensable for professional programming due to its versatility, readability, extensive libraries, and robust community support. It enables efficient development, advanced data analysis, data mining, and automation, catering to diverse industries and applications. However, one primary issue when using Microsoft Excel with Python libraries is compatibility and interoperability. While Excel is a widely used tool for data storage and analysis, it may not seamlessly integrate with Python libraries, leading to challenges in reading and writing data, especially in complex or large datasets. Additionally, manipulating Excel files with Python may not always preserve formatting or formulas accurately, potentially affecting data integrity. Moreover, dependency on Excel’s graphical user interface (GUI) for automation can limit scalability and reproducibility compared to Python’s scripting capabilities. This paper covers the integration solution of empowering non-programmers to leverage Python’s capabilities within the familiar Excel environment. This enables users to perform advanced data analysis and automation tasks without requiring extensive programming knowledge. Based on Soliciting feedback from non-programmers who have tested the integration solution, the case study shows how the solution evaluates the ease of implementation, performance, and compatibility of Python with Excel versions.

Advances in the management of arteriosclerosis of the lower extremity:Integrating Western and Chinese medicine approaches

This editorial provides a commentary on the recent article.The paper reviews current literature and explores innovative treatment strategies for lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans(LEASO)through an integrative approach.It highlights the effectiveness of combination therapies that merge traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)with Western medical practices,suggesting that such integrative methods may improve patient compliance and outcomes through personalized care.This paper stresses the importance of rigorous clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TCM interventions within LEASO treatment protocols,advocating for evidence-based validation of these combined therapies.Our recommendations emphasize accurate diagnosis,appropriate pharmacological in-terventions,the use of advanced surgical and endovascular techniques,and the inclusion of TCM to address underlying dysfunctions.Additionally,continuous monitoring,patient education,and lifestyle modifications are essential to slow disease progression and achieve optimal patient outcomes.The paper concludes by calling for further research to develop standardized treatment protocols that effectively integrate both Western and Chinese medical approaches in managing LEASO.

Application Analysis of Doctor-Nurse Cooperation Follow-up Model Based on the Internet Platform in Continuation Care of Patients after Urooncology Surgery

Objective:To explore the application effect of a doctor-nurse cooperation follow-up model based on an Internet platform in the continuation of care for patients after uro-oncology surgery.Methods:A convenient sampling method was used to select patients with urinary system tumors who underwent surgery in the Department of Urology in Grade III A general hospital in Shanghai from May to August 2022.Patients who underwent surgery from May to June 2022 were assigned to the control group,and those who underwent surgery from July to August 2022 were assigned to the experimental group.The control group received routine post-discharge nursing health education and telephone follow-up.On the basis of routine discharge guidance,the experimental group implemented the intervention method based on the Internet platform in continuation care.The levels of self-management efficacy,satisfaction,and incidence of unplanned readmission were compared one month after discharge between the two groups.Results:One month after discharge,the self-management efficacy of the experimental group(90.15±7.92)was significantly higher than that of the control group(79.10±7.84),and the patient satisfaction score(97.83±2.32)was significantly higher than that of the control group(90.23±2.58),with statistical significance(P<0.05).Additionally,the incidence of unplanned readmissions within one month after discharge in the experimental group(1.59%)was slightly lower than that in the control group(4.84%).Conclusion:The doctor-nurse cooperation follow-up model based on the Internet platform in continuation care can significantly improve the self-management efficiency of patients after discharge and enhance patient satisfaction,providing a new approach for discharge follow-up of urological tumor patients after surgery.

Astrocytes integrate time and space

Astrocytes read and react to synaptic transmission through tripartite synapses,where the binding of neurotransmitters onto astrocytic receptors triggers an increase in intracellular calcium.Recent investigations have revealed that astrocytes exhibit two distinct states of intracellular calcium activity:(1)graded subcellular localized clusters with independently active microdomains,likely influenced by nearby synaptic events,and(2)whole-cell astrocyte calcium surges,believed to result from the coordinated activation of multiple synapses.Notably,astrocyte calcium responses are not solely graded;instead,a spatial threshold of intracellular calcium activity can be overcome to elicit an astrocyte calcium surge.Together these calcium responses,in turn,initiate downstream signaling pathways capable of modifying synaptic communication and overall network activity.In summary,astrocytes can function as integrators of local synaptic events,actively contributing to information processing within the brain.

Integrating Virtual Reality and Energy Analysis with BIM to Optimize Window-to-Wall Ratio and Building’s Orientation for Age-in-Place Design at the Conceptual Stage

This study unfolds an innovative approach aiming to address the critical role of building design in global energy consumption, focusing on optimizing the Window-to-Wall Ratio (WWR), since buildings account for approximately 30% of total energy consumed worldwide. The greatest contributors to energy expenditure in buildings are internal artificial lighting and heating and cooling systems. The WWR, determined by the proportion of the building’s glazed area to its wall area, is a significant factor influencing energy efficiency and minimizing energy load. This study introduces the development of a semi-automated computer model designed to offer a real-time, interactive simulation environment, fostering improving communication and engagement between designers and owners. The said model serves to optimize both the WWR and building orientation to align with occupants’ needs and expectations, subsequently reducing annual energy consumption and enhancing the overall building energy performance. The integrated model incorporates Building Information Modeling (BIM), Virtual Reality (VR), and Energy Analysis tools deployed at the conceptual design stage, allowing for the amalgamation of owners’ inputs in the design process and facilitating the creation of more realistic and effective design strategies.

Research on the Path of Integrating Party Construction Aesthetics into Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities

Party construction aesthetics is a valuable aesthetic resource formed in the practical exploration of rural revitalization,and it has logical compatibility with ideological and political education in terms of concepts,goals,tasks,etc.At present,comprehensive deepening reform has entered a deep-water zone,and some erroneous value orientations such as utilitarianism,emptiness,and liberalization are common in colleges and universities,and ideological and political education is caught in a new round of difficulties.As the main position of ideological and political education,colleges and universities should further use party construction aesthetics to strengthen and improve ideological and political education,adhere to the carrier of aesthetic education,carry out diversified integrated education,broaden the ideological and political practical teaching system,build a long-term mechanism for collaborative education of ideological and political education and party construction aesthetics,and fully integrate party construction aesthetics into ideological and political education in colleges and universities.

Multisensory mechanisms of gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease:an integrative review

Understanding the neural underpinning of human gait and balance is one of the most pertinent challenges for 21st-century translational neuroscience due to the profound impact that falls and mobility disturbances have on our aging population.Posture and gait control does not happen automatically,as previously believed,but rather requires continuous involvement of central nervous mechanisms.To effectively exert control over the body,the brain must integrate multiple streams of sensory information,including visual,vestibular,and somatosensory signals.The mechanisms which underpin the integration of these multisensory signals are the principal topic of the present work.Existing multisensory integration theories focus on how failure of cognitive processes thought to be involved in multisensory integration leads to falls in older adults.Insufficient emphasis,however,has been placed on specific contributions of individual sensory modalities to multisensory integration processes and cross-modal interactions that occur between the sensory modalities in relation to gait and balance.In the present work,we review the contributions of somatosensory,visual,and vestibular modalities,along with their multisensory intersections to gait and balance in older adults and patients with Parkinson’s disease.We also review evidence of vestibular contributions to multisensory temporal binding windows,previously shown to be highly pertinent to fall risk in older adults.Lastly,we relate multisensory vestibular mechanisms to potential neural substrates,both at the level of neurobiology(concerning positron emission tomography imaging)and at the level of electrophysiology(concerning electroencephalography).We hope that this integrative review,drawing influence across multiple subdisciplines of neuroscience,paves the way for novel research directions and therapeutic neuromodulatory approaches,to improve the lives of older adults and patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

Cohort study on the treatment of BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer with integrated Chinese and western medicine

BACKGROUND Patients with BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC)have a low incidence rate,poor biological activity,suboptimal response to conventional treatments,and a poor prognosis.In the previous cohort study on mCRC conducted by our team,it was observed that integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment could significantly prolong the overall survival(OS)of patients with colorectal cancer.Therefore,we further explored the survival benefits in the population with BRAF V600E mutant mCRC.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of integrated Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer.METHODS A cohort study was conducted on patients with BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer admitted to Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2016 to December 2022.The patients were divided into two cohorts.RESULTS A total of 34 cases were included,with 23 in Chinese-Western medicine cohort(cohort A)and 11 in Western medicine cohort(cohort B).The median overall survival was 19.9 months in cohort A and 14.2 months in cohort B,with a statistically significant difference(P=0.038,hazard ratio=0.46).The 1-3-year survival rates were 95.65%(22/23),39.13%(9/23),and 26.09%(6/23)in cohort A,and 63.64%(7/11),18.18%(2/11),and 9.09%(1/11)in cohort B,respectively.Subgroup analysis showed statistically significant differences in median OS between the two cohorts in the right colon,liver metastasis,chemotherapy,and first-line treatment subgroups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Integrated Chinese and Western medicine can prolong the survival and reduce the risk of death in patients with BRAF V600E mutant metastatic colorectal cancer,with more pronounced benefits observed in patients with right colon involvement,liver metastasis,combined chemotherapy,and first-line treatment.

Towards the Integrating Wind Power into Power Grid in China

With abundant wind resources and high pressure imposed on en-vironmental protection, wind power development has a promising future. Butdue to intermittent nature, wind power can bring into full play only if being con-nected into power grid to ensure its supply reliability and continuity, aswell as operational economy. However, technical and market barriers haveprevented wind power from integrating into power grid. To foster wind powerdevelopment, these barriers should be removed by both government incentivepolicies and sophisticated technologies.

Integrating Pronunciation into Oral Communication

The usefulness of pronunciation teaching is a widely debated subject in the language teaching world. Some of the current research would suggest that teachers can make little or no difference in improving their students'pronunciation. In contrast, there is research that indicates that the teacher can make a noticeable difference if certain criteria, such as the teaching of suprasegmentals and the linking of pronunciation with oral practice, are fulfilled. This paper intends to address the practical challenges related to integrating pronunciation into oral communication. First, the central difficulty in integrating pronunciation into the speaking classroom is described. Next, all-skill principles to guide the incorporation of pronunciation into oral communication courses are suggested. Finally, possible implementation strategies that can be applied to a wide variety of instructional settings are explored.

人教版SEFC(2003) Integrating skills部分教学问题的调查研究

通过采用问卷调查和跟踪访谈的研究方法，对人教版（PEP）SEFC（2003）教材实施以来Integrating skills部分教学问题及其原因进行深入调查发现：高中英语教师对Integrating skills部分读写关系理解存在偏差，读写关系处理失当，读写技能综合教学设计能力欠缺。其主要原因是教师对Integrating skills部分教材的编写意图把握不准；对阅读教学类型选择有误；对读写技能综合教学类型未加区分。

Development of the integrated integrating sphere cold atom clock

We develop an integrated integrating sphere cold atom clock(ISCAC), which mainly consists of physical package,laser system, microwave source, and electronics.This compact system is more stable and reliable than the previous version.The experimental results show that the short term frequency stability of 5.4×10^-13τ-1/2 and 2.9× 10^-15 at 1-day integrating time are achieved.

Scattering Properties of Atmospheric Aerosols over Lanzhou City and Applications Using an Integrating Nephelometer

The data, measured by a three-wavelength Integrating Nephelometer over Lanzhou City during the winters of 2001/2002 and 2002/2003 respectively, have been analyzed for investigating the scattering properties of atmospheric aerosols and exploring their relationship and the status of air pollution. The aerosol particle volume distribution is inverted with the measured spectral scattering coe?cients. The results show that the daily variation of the aerosol scattering coe?cients is in a tri-peak shape. The average ratio of backscattering coe?cient to total scattering coe?cient at 550 nm is 0.158; there exists an excellent correlation between the scattering coe?cients and the concentration of PM10. The average ratio of the concentration of PM10 to the scattering coe?cients is 0.37 g m?2, which is contingent on the optical parameters of aerosol particles such as the size distribution, etc.; an algorithm is developed for inverting the volume distribution of aerosol particles by using the histogram and Monte-Carlo techniques, and the test results show that the inversion is reasonable.

Implicit scheme for integrating constitutive model of unsaturated soils with coupling hydraulic and mechanical behavior

A constitutive model of unsaturated soils with coupling capillary hystere- sis and skeleton deformation is developed and implemented in a fully coupled transient hydro-mechanical finite-element model （computer code U-DYSAC2）. The obtained re- sults are compared with experimental results, showing that the proposed constitutive model can simulate the main mechanical and hydraulic behavior of unsaturated soils in a unified framework. The non-lineaxity of the soil-water characteristic relation is treated in a similar way of elastoplasticity. Two constitutive relations axe integrated by an implicit return-mapping scheme similar to that developed for saturated soils. A consistent tan- gential modulus is derived to preserve the asymptotic rate of the quadratic convergence of Newton＇s iteration. Combined with the integration of the constitutive model, a complete finite-element formulation of coupling hydro-mechanical problems for unsaturated soils is presented. A number of practical problems with different given initial and boundary conditions are analyzed to illustrate the performance and capabilities of the finite-element model.

Anti-windup design for the controllers of integrating processes with long delay

For several superior controllers of the first-order integrating processes with long delay, the windup problems are analyzed in detail when the control signal saturates. The results show that these controllers have similar characteristics about the process input limitation. And then, a simple and effective anti-windup scheme, without an additional parameter, is designed for these controllers. Simulations run with three main controllers, and the results illustrate that the proposed method may achieve good performance under the nominal and model uncertainty cases.

Integrating factors and conservation theorems of constrained Birkhoffian systems

In this paper the conservation theorems of the constrained Birkhoffian systems are studied by using the method of integrating factors. The differential equations of motion of the system are written. The definition of integrating factors is given for the system. The necessary conditions for the existence of the conserved quantity for the system are studied. The conservation theorem and its inverse for the system are established. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the application of the results.

Development of an Integrating Sphere Cold Atom Clock

The Ramsey fringes with a linewidth of 45 Hz and a signal-to-noise ratio of 120 are demonstrated for a integrating sphere atom clock.The cycle time of the atom clock is reduced to 80 ms with the help of a pulsed cooling method.This result indicates that the short-term stability of the clock is in the order of 10^(-12).

Predictive functional control of integrating process based on impulse response

The predictive model is built according to the characteristics of the impulse response of integrating process. In order to eliminate the permanent offset between the setpoint and the process output in the presence of the load disturbance, a novel error compensation method is proposed. Then predictive functional control of integrating process is designed. The method given generates a simple control structure, which can significandy reduce online computation. Furthermore, the tuning of the controller is fairly straightforward. Simulation results indicate that the designed control system is relatively robust to the parameters variation of the process.

An Integrating Algorithm and Theoretical Analysis for Fully Rheonomous Affine Constraints: Completely Integrable Case

This paper develops an integrating algorithm for fully rheonomous affine constraints and gives theoretical analysis of the algorithm for the completely integrable case. First, some preliminaries on the fully rheonomous affine constraints are shown. Next, an integrating algorithm that calculates independent first integrals is derived. In addition, the existence of an inverse function utilized in the algorithm is investigated. Then, an example is shown in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. By using the proposed integrating algorithm, we can easily calculate independent first integrals for given constraints, and hence it can be utilized for various research fields.