ZiZiphus jujuba,which is native to China,has become one of the main crops widely planted in the western Loess Plateau because of its drought and flood-tolerance,adaptability,and higher nutritional value of the fruit.T...ZiZiphus jujuba,which is native to China,has become one of the main crops widely planted in the western Loess Plateau because of its drought and flood-tolerance,adaptability,and higher nutritional value of the fruit.The irrigation water infiltration in Z.jujuba gardens is complex,and understanding its mechanisms is essential for efficient water use and sustainable agriculture.This knowledge helps ensure the long-term success of jujuba cultivation.This paper describes a field experiment that investigates the infiltration process of irrigation water from Z.jujuba garden and quantifies the contribution of irrigation water to soil water at different depths using the MixSIAR model.According to the FC(Field water holding Capacity)of Z.jujuba,irrigation experiments with three volumes of 80%FC,60%FC,and 40%FC are set up in this study.The study finds that water retention is better in Z.jujuba garden soils with a higher proportion of coarse gravel in the soil particle composition.Soil water content exhibits a gradient change after irrigation,with deeper wetting front transport depth observed with increased irrigation water.Additionally,there is correlation between soil temperature and soil water content.The soil water in Z.jujuba garden generally exhibits a preferential flow signal in the 0-40 cm range.Below 40 cm,a piston flow pattern dominates.The rate of soil water infiltration increases with the amount of irrigation water.In the 0-40 cm range of the soil vertical profile,irrigation water was the main contributor to soil water.Z.jujuba demonstrated flexibility in water uptake,primarily absorbing soil water at depths of 0-40 cm.For optimal growth of Z.jujuba at this stage,40%FC irrigation is recommended.The results are expected to be valuable future irrigation practices and land use planning for Z.jujuba garden in arid zones,supporting sustainable agricultural development and water management.展开更多
The active components,targets,and pathways of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus in treating hepatocirrhosis and the mechanism of action were explored by means of network pharmacology.Firstly,the active comp...The active components,targets,and pathways of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus in treating hepatocirrhosis and the mechanism of action were explored by means of network pharmacology.Firstly,the active components and related targets of Jujubae Fructus were screened by TCMSP database and standardized by Uniprot database.The compounds of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.were obtained by searching the literature and finally screened by PubChem database,Swiss ADME,and SwissTargetPrediction.Hepatocirrhosis targets were obtained through Genecards database,PPI network analysis was conducted on common targets of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus and hepatocirrhosis by using String database,GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was conducted through Metascape database by using intersection targets of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus and hepatocirrhosis,and the results were drawn by using Weishengxin online drawing platform.Then,the network of drug-compound-target-pathway was constructed by the software of Cytoscape3.8.0.Finally,the above results were verified by molecular docking.47 active compounds from Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus were screened out,which had 38 common targets,162 intersection targets,and 340 signal pathways with hepatocirrhosis,mainly involving hepatitis C,JAK-STAT signal pathway and AGE-RAGE signal pathway.Targets,such as MAPK1,AKT1,TNF,JUN,IL6 and PTGS2,play important roles in the treatment.The findings suggested that the main active ingredients of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus in treating hepatocirrhosis are quercetin,scopolamine,physcion,7-deoxyrangduin,17-Hydroxyjolkinolide A,etc.Molecular docking results showed that the main active components and core targets might have a good binding capacity.This study preliminarily explored the potential mechanism of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus in treating hepatocirrhosis and provided a theoretical basis for the clinical application of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus.展开更多
以酸枣〔Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa(Bunge)Hu ex H.F.Chow.〕19个种源地的211份样本为研究对象,对其表型性状(包括13个质量性状和29个数量性状)进行观测和变异分析,并采用巢式方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析研究数量性状的变异来...以酸枣〔Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa(Bunge)Hu ex H.F.Chow.〕19个种源地的211份样本为研究对象,对其表型性状(包括13个质量性状和29个数量性状)进行观测和变异分析,并采用巢式方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析研究数量性状的变异来源、与地理气候因子的关系及能够反映酸枣表型特征的主要数量性状。结果表明:酸枣质量性状的变异系数和Shannon-Weaver多样性指数分别为11.44%~55.21%和0.34~1.65;数量性状的变异系数和Shannon-Weaver多样性指数分别为4.57%~85.46%和0.24~2.09,极值比为1.67~14.06。陕西佳县、内蒙古元宝山和河北复兴种源的数量性状变异程度较高,辽宁喀左、陕西延川和河北赞皇种源的数量性状多样性丰富。酸枣数量性状种源间和种源内的方差分量比例均值分别为69.86%和14.88%,表型分化系数均值为0.82。叶长、叶形指数、可食率等12个数量性状与地理气候因子存在显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)相关性。主成分分析结果表明:前9个主成分的累计贡献率为79.74%,叶形指数、叶柄长度、叶柄宽度等17个数量性状可作为评价酸枣种质资源的表型性状。基于数量性状可将19个种源分为4个类群,类群Ⅰ主要特征为叶片小、果实和果核小、出核率高;类群Ⅱ主要特征为果实和果核大、可食率高;类群Ⅲ主要特征为叶片长、枣吊长、枣吊叶片数多;类群Ⅳ主要特征为二次枝长、直刺和弯刺短。综合上述研究结果,酸枣表型多样性丰富,种源间和种源内存在不同程度的变异,种源间变异是主要变异来源,不同种源酸枣可用于选育不同表型性状酸枣品种。展开更多
The juvenile-to-adult phase change with first flowering as the indicator plays a crucial role in the lifecycle of fruit trees. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying phase change in fruit trees remain largely un...The juvenile-to-adult phase change with first flowering as the indicator plays a crucial role in the lifecycle of fruit trees. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying phase change in fruit trees remain largely unknown. Shikimic acid (ShA) pathway is a main metabolic pathway closely related to the synthesis of hormones and many important secondary metabolites participating in plant phase change. So,whether ShA regulates phase change in plants is worth clarifying. Here, the distinct morphological characteristics and the underlying mechanisms of phase change in jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), an important fruit tree native to China with nutritious fruit and outstanding tolerance abiotic stresses, were clarified. A combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis found that ShA is positively involved in jujube(Yuhong’×Xing 16’) phase change. The genes in the upstream of ShA synthesis pathway (ZjDAHPS, ZjDHQS and ZjSDH), the contents of ShA and the downstream secondary metabolites like phenols were significantly upregulated in the phase change period. Further, the treatment of spraying exogenous ShA verified that ShA at a very low concentration (60 mg·L^(-1)) can substantially speed up the phase change and flowering of jujube and other tested plants including Arabidopsis, tomato and wheat. The exogenous ShA (60 mg·L^(-1)) treatment in jujube seedlings could increase the accumulation of endogenous ShA, enhance leaf photosynthesis and the synthesis of phenols especially flavonoids and phenolic acids, and promote the expression of genes (ZjCOs, ZjNFYs and ZjPHYs) involved in flowering pathway. Basing on above results, we put forward a propose for the underlying mechanism of ShA regulating phase change, and a hypothesis that ShA could be considered a phytohormone-like substance because it is endogenous, ubiquitous, movable and highly efficient at very low concentrations. This study highlights the critical role of ShA in plant phase change and its phytohormone-like properties.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42071047 and 41771035)the Basic Research Innovation Group Project of Gansu Province(Grant No.22JR5RA129).
文摘ZiZiphus jujuba,which is native to China,has become one of the main crops widely planted in the western Loess Plateau because of its drought and flood-tolerance,adaptability,and higher nutritional value of the fruit.The irrigation water infiltration in Z.jujuba gardens is complex,and understanding its mechanisms is essential for efficient water use and sustainable agriculture.This knowledge helps ensure the long-term success of jujuba cultivation.This paper describes a field experiment that investigates the infiltration process of irrigation water from Z.jujuba garden and quantifies the contribution of irrigation water to soil water at different depths using the MixSIAR model.According to the FC(Field water holding Capacity)of Z.jujuba,irrigation experiments with three volumes of 80%FC,60%FC,and 40%FC are set up in this study.The study finds that water retention is better in Z.jujuba garden soils with a higher proportion of coarse gravel in the soil particle composition.Soil water content exhibits a gradient change after irrigation,with deeper wetting front transport depth observed with increased irrigation water.Additionally,there is correlation between soil temperature and soil water content.The soil water in Z.jujuba garden generally exhibits a preferential flow signal in the 0-40 cm range.Below 40 cm,a piston flow pattern dominates.The rate of soil water infiltration increases with the amount of irrigation water.In the 0-40 cm range of the soil vertical profile,irrigation water was the main contributor to soil water.Z.jujuba demonstrated flexibility in water uptake,primarily absorbing soil water at depths of 0-40 cm.For optimal growth of Z.jujuba at this stage,40%FC irrigation is recommended.The results are expected to be valuable future irrigation practices and land use planning for Z.jujuba garden in arid zones,supporting sustainable agricultural development and water management.
基金supported by Qiqihar Science and Technology Plan Joint Guidance Project (LSFGG-2022042).
文摘The active components,targets,and pathways of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus in treating hepatocirrhosis and the mechanism of action were explored by means of network pharmacology.Firstly,the active components and related targets of Jujubae Fructus were screened by TCMSP database and standardized by Uniprot database.The compounds of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.were obtained by searching the literature and finally screened by PubChem database,Swiss ADME,and SwissTargetPrediction.Hepatocirrhosis targets were obtained through Genecards database,PPI network analysis was conducted on common targets of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus and hepatocirrhosis by using String database,GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was conducted through Metascape database by using intersection targets of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus and hepatocirrhosis,and the results were drawn by using Weishengxin online drawing platform.Then,the network of drug-compound-target-pathway was constructed by the software of Cytoscape3.8.0.Finally,the above results were verified by molecular docking.47 active compounds from Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus were screened out,which had 38 common targets,162 intersection targets,and 340 signal pathways with hepatocirrhosis,mainly involving hepatitis C,JAK-STAT signal pathway and AGE-RAGE signal pathway.Targets,such as MAPK1,AKT1,TNF,JUN,IL6 and PTGS2,play important roles in the treatment.The findings suggested that the main active ingredients of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus in treating hepatocirrhosis are quercetin,scopolamine,physcion,7-deoxyrangduin,17-Hydroxyjolkinolide A,etc.Molecular docking results showed that the main active components and core targets might have a good binding capacity.This study preliminarily explored the potential mechanism of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus in treating hepatocirrhosis and provided a theoretical basis for the clinical application of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus.
文摘以酸枣〔Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa(Bunge)Hu ex H.F.Chow.〕19个种源地的211份样本为研究对象,对其表型性状(包括13个质量性状和29个数量性状)进行观测和变异分析,并采用巢式方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析研究数量性状的变异来源、与地理气候因子的关系及能够反映酸枣表型特征的主要数量性状。结果表明:酸枣质量性状的变异系数和Shannon-Weaver多样性指数分别为11.44%~55.21%和0.34~1.65;数量性状的变异系数和Shannon-Weaver多样性指数分别为4.57%~85.46%和0.24~2.09,极值比为1.67~14.06。陕西佳县、内蒙古元宝山和河北复兴种源的数量性状变异程度较高,辽宁喀左、陕西延川和河北赞皇种源的数量性状多样性丰富。酸枣数量性状种源间和种源内的方差分量比例均值分别为69.86%和14.88%,表型分化系数均值为0.82。叶长、叶形指数、可食率等12个数量性状与地理气候因子存在显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)相关性。主成分分析结果表明:前9个主成分的累计贡献率为79.74%,叶形指数、叶柄长度、叶柄宽度等17个数量性状可作为评价酸枣种质资源的表型性状。基于数量性状可将19个种源分为4个类群,类群Ⅰ主要特征为叶片小、果实和果核小、出核率高;类群Ⅱ主要特征为果实和果核大、可食率高;类群Ⅲ主要特征为叶片长、枣吊长、枣吊叶片数多;类群Ⅳ主要特征为二次枝长、直刺和弯刺短。综合上述研究结果,酸枣表型多样性丰富,种源间和种源内存在不同程度的变异,种源间变异是主要变异来源,不同种源酸枣可用于选育不同表型性状酸枣品种。
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.31772285)the National Key R&D Program Project Funding (Grant No.2018YFD1000607)Foundation for 100 Innovative Talents of Hebei Province(Grant No.SLRC2019031)。
文摘The juvenile-to-adult phase change with first flowering as the indicator plays a crucial role in the lifecycle of fruit trees. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying phase change in fruit trees remain largely unknown. Shikimic acid (ShA) pathway is a main metabolic pathway closely related to the synthesis of hormones and many important secondary metabolites participating in plant phase change. So,whether ShA regulates phase change in plants is worth clarifying. Here, the distinct morphological characteristics and the underlying mechanisms of phase change in jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), an important fruit tree native to China with nutritious fruit and outstanding tolerance abiotic stresses, were clarified. A combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis found that ShA is positively involved in jujube(Yuhong’×Xing 16’) phase change. The genes in the upstream of ShA synthesis pathway (ZjDAHPS, ZjDHQS and ZjSDH), the contents of ShA and the downstream secondary metabolites like phenols were significantly upregulated in the phase change period. Further, the treatment of spraying exogenous ShA verified that ShA at a very low concentration (60 mg·L^(-1)) can substantially speed up the phase change and flowering of jujube and other tested plants including Arabidopsis, tomato and wheat. The exogenous ShA (60 mg·L^(-1)) treatment in jujube seedlings could increase the accumulation of endogenous ShA, enhance leaf photosynthesis and the synthesis of phenols especially flavonoids and phenolic acids, and promote the expression of genes (ZjCOs, ZjNFYs and ZjPHYs) involved in flowering pathway. Basing on above results, we put forward a propose for the underlying mechanism of ShA regulating phase change, and a hypothesis that ShA could be considered a phytohormone-like substance because it is endogenous, ubiquitous, movable and highly efficient at very low concentrations. This study highlights the critical role of ShA in plant phase change and its phytohormone-like properties.
