Cardioprotective Effects of Melatonin on Recovery of Rat Donor Hearts after 12-Hour Preservation

The cardioprotective effects of melatonin on recovery of rat donor hearts after 12 h of preservation were investigated. Wistar rats weighing 200 to 250 g ( n =24) were randomly divided into 3 groups. In the non storage group ( n =8), donor hearts were not stored. In the melatonin group ( n =8), donor hearts were stored in 4 ℃ St. Thomas solution with melatonin (0.1 mmo1/L). In the control group ( n =8), donor hearts were stored in 4 ℃ St. Thomas solution only. The coronary flow (CF), cardiac function, coronary vasodilatory response, creatine kinase (CK) and high energy phosphate levels were measured after the hearts had been preserved for 12 h. Transmission electron microscopy was used to examine the microstructural changes after 12 h of preservation. The recovery of cardiac function and coronary vasodilatory response were significantly improved in the melatonin group ( P <0.01). CK release decreased greatly in the melatonin group ( P <0.01). High energy phosphate levels were significantly better preserved in the melatonin group ( P <0.01). Histological findings were much better in the melatonin group than in the control group. These results suggest that melatonin has cardioprotective effects on the recovery of rat donor hearts after 12 h of preservation.

Role of cardiovascular imaging in selection of donor hearts

AIM:To perform a systematic review of literature on use of cardiovascular imaging in assessment of donor hearts.METHODS: A systematic search of current literature from January 1965 to August 2015 was performed using Pub Med and Google Scholar to investigate the different imaging modalities used to assess donor hearts.RESULTS: Recent literature still estimates only a 32% utilization of available donor hearts in the United States. Most common imaging modality used is transthoracic echocardiography. Use of advanced imaging modalities such as 3D echocardiography, cardiac computer tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance to evaluate donor hearts is not reported in literature. This review attempts to highlight the relevant imaging modalities that can be used to assess cardiac function in a time-efficient manner. The algorithm suggested in this review would hopefully pave the way to standardized protocols that can be adopted by organ procuring organizations to increase the donor pool.CONCLUSION: Use of advanced imaging techniques for a thorough assessment of organs will likely increase the donor pool.

Clinical experience in the use of marginal donor hearts

Background Although heart transplantation has become a standard therapy for end-stage heart disease, there are few published studies regarding the use of transplant organs from marginal donors. Here we describe the clinical outcome we have obtained using marginal donor hearts.Methods We analyzed 21 cases of orthotropic heart transplantation for end-stage heart disease performed in our department between September 2008 and July 2010. Of these patients, six received hearts from marginal donors and the remainder received standard-donor hearts. The two groups were compared in terms of both mortality and the incidence of perioperative complications such as infection, acute rejection, and right heart insufficiency.Results The 1-year survival rate of both groups was 100%. Only one death was recorded in standard-donor group during follow-up. Patients who received marginal donor hearts （83%） experienced more early complications than did the standard-donor-heart group （13%）, but the mortality of the two groups was the same. The duration of post-ICU stay was greater in the marginal donor group than in the standard-donor group, （35.5±17.4） days and （21.7±2.6） days, respectively （P ＜0.05）.Conclusions The use of marginal donor hearts increases the number of patients who can receive and benefit from transplants. However, it may introduce an increased risk of early complications, thus care should be taken both in the choice of patients who will receive marginal donor hearts and in the perioperative treatment of those for whom the procedure is performed.

Orthotopic heart transplantation with prolonged donor ischemic time:report of 3 cases and literature review

Heart transplantation has become an effective therapy for patients with end stage heart failure. The preservation of the donor heart is an important factor that affects the results of the operation. We performed 3 cases of orthotopic heart transplantation and obtained some experience in the preservation of the donor heart. Methods： Three male patients with end stage heart failure received the operation in our department successfully. Doppler echocardiography showed left ventrieular end diameter （LVED） of the patients were 91, 87, and 83 mm, and ejection fraction （EF） were 24%, 20%, 12.9%, respectively. Once the declaration of brain death had been made, the median stemotomy was performed with a sternal saw. Haparin at a dose of 300 U/kg of body weight was administered. After at least 2-min heparin circulation, the procurement proceeded. The superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava were nearly completely divided. When the heart was empty, the ascending aorta was cross-clamped and the St. Thomas solution was infused by gravity. The heart was excised by transection of the inferior vena cava, the superior vena cava and all pulmonary veins. After donor heart was removed, it was infused with University of Wisconsin （UW） solution by gravity at a temperature of 4-6℃, then placed in UW solution for storage during transportation. The temperature of solution was maintained at about 4-6℃. The ischemic times of donor heart were 9, 8 and 6 h, respectively. The bicaval anastomotic heart transplantation was adopted. The left atrial anastomoses were constructed using 3.0 polypropylene. The inferior vene cava anastomosis was constructed, the donor and native aorta were cut to an appropriate length. Then the aorta and main pulmonary artery anastomosis were performed respectively. The superior vene cava anastomosis was usually constructed during the rewarming phase. The intraoperative course with a cardiopulmonary bypass of the 3 patients was 96, 44 and 49 min, respectively. Standard triple immunosuppression therapy was commenced in the immediate post-operative period. Results： The operation procedure was smooth and no perioperative death occurred. The follow-up was carried out carefully. The patient＇s condition was fine in 25, 30 and 32 months after operation. The blood pressure was 130/90, 140/95 and 120/80 mmHg, respectively, and LVED was 51, 49 and 53 mm; EF was 50%, 54% and 60%, respectively. Cardiothoracic ratio was 0.63, 0.55, and 0.64, respectively. Conclusion： Preservation time of donor heart with St. Thomas solution infusion and UW solution storage at 0-4℃ may exceed 6 h, and receive comparable middle-term outcomes.

Preservation of donor's heart and lung and discrimination and postoperative immunotherapy of graft rejection:a report of 2 cases of heart-lung transplantation

Objective To summarize preservation measures of donor’s heart and lung,and postoperative imrnunotherapy,as well as clinical experience of discrimination and management for graft rejection. Methods Clinical data of 2 cases of heart - lung transplantation in our depart-

血必净注射液减轻ECMO保存的离体空跳猪心脏的炎症反应

目的探讨血必净注射液对体外膜肺氧合保存离体空跳猪心过程中炎症反应的调节作用。方法12头健康广西巴马小型猪随机分为血必净组(n=6)和生理盐水组(n=6)。血必净组模型建立后,经膜式氧和器,微量泵泵注血必净注射液5 mL/h;生理盐水组则以等量的0.9%氯化钠注射液进行泵注,两组均持续泵入8 h。记录两组猪心脏的复跳时间以及8 h后灌注压、心率、灌注流量。观察保存8 h后停搏的心脏左心室壁心肌组织的病理学及超微结构改变。检测两组在模型建立初(T0)、2 h(T2)、4 h(T4)、6 h(T6)、8 h(T8)时血清中心肌损伤标志物及炎症因子水平。检测T0、T2、T4、T6、T8时刻心肌组织中NOD样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-1(Caspase-1)、凋亡相关斑点样蛋白(ASC)信使RNA(mRNA)的表达。结果两组心脏复跳时间及保存8 h后的灌注压、心率、灌注流量比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。与生理盐水组比较,血必净组T4时乳酸脱氢酶(LDH),T6、T8时肌酸激酶(CK)、LDH、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶(α-HBDH)水平均较低,T4、T6、T8时肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α,T0、T2、T4、T6、T8时白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-18、IL-1β水平均较低,T2、T4、T6时NLRP3、Caspase-1,T8时Caspase-1、ASC的mRNA相对表达水量较低(均为P<0.05)。苏木素-伊红染色及透射电镜结果显示血必净组心肌组织损伤程度较生理盐水组轻。结论血必净注射液能有效减轻ECMO保存离体空跳猪心过程中的炎症反应,具有一定的心肌保护作用。

脑死亡器官捐献供体评估和供心选择临床分析

目的总结73例脑死亡器官捐献供体评估和供心选择的临床经验。方法回顾73对脑死亡器官捐献心脏移植供受者临床资料,评估供体,选择供心,分析心脏移植受者生存情况和边缘供心使用情况。结果发现潜在供体,在判定脑死亡状态后,明确供体家属同意器官捐献后,评估供体,选择供心,使供受体最大限度匹配。73例心脏移植受者手术成功率为94.5%(69/73),围手术期死亡4例,术后随访1年死亡4例。边缘供心使用情况:供体年龄≥45岁17例,供受体体质量不匹配2例,供体中毒1例,供心冷缺血时间≥4 h 43例,大部分心脏移植受者予主动脉内球囊反搏和(或)体外膜肺氧合辅助,最终顺利出院。结论供受体最大限度匹配可使心脏移植患者获益最大;同时,适当放宽供心选择标准,增加供心数量,将为众多等待心脏移植患者带来希望。

床旁超声心动图评估不同脑死亡原因的潜在成人心脏移植供体的价值

目的:探讨床旁超声心动图评估不同脑死亡原因的潜在成人心脏移植供体的价值。方法:选取2018年2月至2020年12月在中国医学科学院阜外医院评估的670例潜在成人心脏移植供体的床旁超声心动图及临床资料。根据不同脑死亡原因将供体分为脑卒中组(包括出血性脑卒中和缺血性脑卒中,n=398)和非脑卒中组(包括脑外伤、脑肿瘤、缺血缺氧性脑病,n=272),比较两组供体超声心动图及临床特点。由中国人体器官分配系统分至我院且符合供体入选标准的供体350例,脑卒中组195例,非脑卒中组155例,我院外科行获取手术,比较两组心脏有效获取率。结果:(1)670例潜在成人心脏移植供体中,与非脑卒中组比,脑卒中组供体的年龄更大、体重指数更高、左心室舒张末期内径更大、室间隔厚度更厚、有高血压史比例更高、不符合超声心动图入选标准比例更高,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。670例潜在成人心脏移植供体中,共检出不符合超声心动图入选标准供体117例(17.5%),主要原因为左心室壁增厚有59例(50.4%)、左心室射血分数<50%有27例(23.1%)、室壁运动异常有21例(17.9%)、左心扩大有14例(12.0%)。(2)由中国人体器官分配系统分至我院且符合供体入选标准的350例供体中,心脏成功获取并移植246例(70.3%),其中脑卒中供体110例(44.7%),非脑卒中供体136例(55.3%)。与非脑卒中组比,脑卒中组的心脏获取成功率低[87.7%(136/155) vs. 56.4%(110/195),P<0.001]。外科手术未能成功获取104例(29.7%),获取不成功的主要原因为供心的冠状动脉任何一支主干发生堵塞,为91例(87.5%)。结论:应用床旁超声心动图筛查潜在移植供体的心脏,具有重要价值。脑死亡原因为脑卒中的潜在供体与非脑卒中供体的心脏结构有差异。即使初步供体评估合格,脑卒中供体的心脏获取成功率仍比非脑卒中供体低。

Can the rat donor liver tolerate prolonged warm ischemia?

The last two decades of the twentieth century have witnessed increasingly successful rates of liver transplantation. The number of liver transplantations has increased steadily while the number of organ donors has remained relatively constant. Thus a great disparity has developed between the demand and supply of donor organs and remains a major limiting factor for further expansion of liver transplantation. Although many procedures, such as split liver[1] , living-related transplantation[2] , and xenotransplantation[3], have been attempted clinically to overcome the shortage, it is hoped that livers harvested from non-heart-beating donors (NHBDs) would alleviatethe problem of organ shortage, which again becomes the focus of attention[4-9]. However, sensitivity of the liver to warm ischemia remains a major worry for use of theNHBDs. The aim of this animal study was to assess if murine liver could tolerate prolonged period of warm ischemia and to determine the optimum timing of intervention in the cadaver donor in order to preserve liver viability.

Protective effects of L-arginine against ischemia-reperfusion injury in non-heart beating rat liver graft

BACKGROUND: Although the use of non-heart beating donors (NHBDs) could bridge the widening gap between organ demand and supply, its application to liver transplantation is limited due to the high incidence of primary graft loss. Prevention of liver injury in NHBDs will benefit the results of transplantation. This study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of L-arginine on liver grafts from NHBDs. METHODS: One hundred and four Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: normal control (n=8) controls 1, 2 and 3 (C-1, C-2, C-3, n=16), and experimental 1, 2 and 3 (E-1, E-2, E-3, n=16). For groups C-1 and E-1, C-2 and E-2, and C-3 and E-3, the warm ischemia time was 0, 30, and 45 minutes, respectively. Liver grafts were flushed with and preserved in 4 degrees C Euro-collins solution containing 1 mmol/L L-arginine for 1 hour in each experimental group. Recipients of each experimental group were injected with L-arginine (10 mg/kg body weight) by tail vein 10 minutes before portal vein reperfusion. Donors and recipients of each experimental control group were treated with normal saline. Then transplantation was performed. At 1, 3, and 24 hours after portal vein reperfusion, blood samples were obtained to determine the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), nitric oxide (NO) and plasma endothelin (ET). At 3 hours after portal vein reperfusion, grafts samples were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde for electron microscopic observation. RESULTS: At I hour after portal vein reperfusion, the levels of NO in groups E-1, E-2, E-3 and C-1, C-2, C-3 were lower, while the levels of plasma ET, serum ALT and AST were higher than those in the normal control group (P<0.05). At 1, 3, and 24 hours, the levels of NO in groups E-1, E-2, E-3 were higher, while the levels of plasma ET, serum ALT and AST were lower than those in the corresponding control groups (C-1, C-2, C-3) (P<0.05). The levels of NO in groups C-2 and C-3 were lower than in group C-1 (P<0.05), and the level of NO in group C-3 was lower than in group C-2 (P<0.05). At 1, 3 and 24 hours, the levels of plasma ET, serum ALT, and AST in groups E-1, E-2, E-3 were lower than those in the corresponding control groups (C-1, C-2, C-3) (P<0.05). The levels of plasma ET, serum ALT, and AST were lower in group C-3 than in groups C-1 and C-2 (P<0.05). Pathological changes in groups E-1, E-2, E-3 were milder than those in the corresponding experimental control groups (C-1, C-2, C-3). CONCLUSIONS: The imbalance between NO and ET plays an important role in the development of ischemia-reperfusion injury of liver grafts from NHBDs. L-arginine can attenuate injury in liver grafts from NHBDs by improving the balance between NO and ET.

Role of basic studies in expanding the donor pool for liver transplantation

BACKGROUND: Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for end-stage liver disease, but a huge gap remains between the number of people who need a liver transplant and the number of organs available. In order to maximize donor organ access for adult and pediatric recipients, novel surgical and liver replacement procedures have evolved. Newer surgical techniques include split cadaveric liver transplantation and living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). With marginal and abnormal donor livers, despite tremendous advances in surgical technology, individual surgical procedure can not be completely brought into play unless effective measurements and basal studies are undertaken. DATA SOURCES: A literature search of MEDLINE and the Web of Science database using 'liver transplantation' and 'expanding donor pool' was conducted and research articles were reviewed. RESULTS: Therapies directed toward scavenging O(2-), inhibiting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, and/or immuno-neutralizing tumor necrosis factor-alpha may prove useful in limiting the liver injury induced by surgical procedures such as split liver transplantation or LDLT. Improved donor organ perfusion and preservation methods, modulation of inflammatory cytokines, energy status enhancement, microcirculation amelioration, and antioxidant usage can improve non-heart beating donor liver transplantation. Effective measures have been taken to improve the local conditions of donor cells with steatosis, including usage of fat-derived hormone and inflammatory mediators, ischemic preconditioning, depletion of Kupffer cells, and cytokine antibody and gene therapy. Double-filtration plasmapheresis can effectively reduce HCV viremia and prevent HCV recurrence in patient with high HCV RNA levels after LDLT. CONCLUSIONS: Shortage of grafts and poor function of marginal and abnormal donor grafts put many patients at risk of death in waiting for liver transplantation. Advances in surgical technology, combined with improvement and breakthroughs in basic studies hold a promise in expanding the liver donor pool.

Preoperative application of combination of portal venous injection of donor spleen cells and intraperitoneal injection of rapamycin prolongs the survival of cardiac allografts in mice

Objective:To investigate the effects of preoperative portal venous injection of donor spleen cells(PVIDSC) and intraperitoneal injection of rapamycin in the acute rejection of cardiac allograft in mice and the underlying mechanisms. Methods:Homogenous female B6 mice and BALB/c mice were used as recipients and donors of heart transplantation. These mice were randomly divided into different groups and received PVIDSC alone,rapamycin alone,or PVIDSC and rapamycin combined therapy. In addition,the underlying mechanism was studied by measuring a number of cytokines. Results:Preoperative combination of PVIDSC and intraperitoneal injection of rapamycin significantly prolonged the survival of heterotopic cardiac allograft in mice,but had no effects on the survival time of cardiac allografts in mice pre-sensitized by skin grafting. Preoperative combination of PVIDSC and intraperitoneal injection of rapamycin increased the expression of IL-10 and Foxp3 and reduced the expression of INF-γ. Short-term preoperative administration of rapamycin promotes the expression of CD4^+CD25^+Foxp3^+ regulator T cells. However,preoperative using alone of rapamycin,or combination of PVIDSC and rapamycin had no effects on the inhibition of proliferation of memory T cells. Conclusions:Preoperative application of combination of PVIDSC and rapamycin significantly prolonged the survival time of cardiac allografts in mice but not in mice pre-sensitized by skin grafting. This may be explained by the fact that combination of PVIDSC and rapamycin inhibited the cellular immune response and induced the expression of IL-10 from Tr1 cells and CD4^+CD25^+FoxP3^+ regulatory T cells.

参附注射液对广西巴马小型猪离体空跳心脏心肌保护的研究

目的探讨参附注射液对广西巴马小型猪离体空跳心脏模型的心肌保护作用。方法将12头体重25~30 kg的健康成年广西巴马小猪随机分成参附组(n=6)和0.9%氯化钠溶液组(n=6),将灌注了心脏停跳液(HTK液)的心脏与体外循环机连接,常温离体灌注8 h,比较灌注第0个小时(T0)、第1个小时(T1)、第2个小时(T2)、第3个小时(T3)、第4个小时(T4)、第5个小时(T5)、第6个小时(T6)、第7个小时(T7)、第8个小时(T8)9个时间点灌注液中肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB),乳酸脱氢酶(LDH),α-羟丁酸脱氢酶(α-HBDH)的水平,同时监测9个时间点的心率、灌注压和每分钟流量以及T0、T4、T83个时间点灌注液中IL-6、TNF-α、IL-8的水平;通过透射电镜观察灌注第8个小时心脏停搏后左心室壁心肌组织的超微结构。结果2组灌注液中CK-MB、α-HBDH、LDH的水平随着时间变化显著增加(P<0.05);和0.9%氯化钠溶液组比较,参附注射液组灌注液中9个时间点的CK-MB,α-HBDH,LDH水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8在灌注液中的浓度随时间显著增加(P<0.05),参附注射液组灌注液中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8的浓度明显低于0.9%氯化钠溶液组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但2组心率、灌注压和每分钟流量无明显差异(P>0.05)。和0.9%氯化钠溶液组比较,参附组心肌组织损伤程度较轻。结论参附注射液对广西巴马小型猪离体空跳心脏的心肌细胞具有保护作用。

心脏移植的过去、现在和未来

心脏移植是治疗终末期心力衰竭最有效的策略之一。心脏同种移植面临供心保存困难、排斥反应和术后并发症多等诸多问题。经过数十年的研究和实践,大多问题已得到解决,然而器官短缺问题日益凸显。为缓解器官短缺,人工心脏和心脏异种移植方案受到重视,且近年来获得重大进展。人工心脏应用于临床后极大改善了终末期心力衰竭患者的生存率,有望成为终末期心力衰竭的标准疗法。心脏异种移植还面临许多挑战,距离真正应用于临床还很遥远。本文对心脏移植的历史、心脏同种移植的发展、人工心脏的使用和心脏异种移植的进展做一综述,并对心脏移植未来的发展方向进行展望。

1例扩张型心肌病供受体体重不匹配儿童心脏移植术后护理

经多学科协作,对宁夏医科大学总医院2022年3月收治的1例扩张型心肌病患儿密切监测血流动力学变化,进行规范化的疼痛管理,实施心脏围术期加速康复外科(ERAS)护理,保护性隔离,积极进行心理干预。结果患儿术后移植心脏功能恢复良好,出院前生命体征平稳。出院后随访3个月,患儿病情稳定,未发生排斥反应。

扩大供心来源的最新研究进展

随着心脏移植手术技术逐步成熟、免疫抑制药广泛使用以及器官分配系统完善,供心来源不足已成为制约临床心脏移植发展的瓶颈,如何扩大供心来源是亟待解决的科学难题。近年,随着科学技术的发展以及新型技术的应用,移植界就如何扩大供心来源取得了许多突破性的进展,许多研究成果已逐步实现临床转化,推动了临床心脏移植的发展。因此,本文就扩大供心来源的最新技术及策略进行综述,重点探讨器官保存技术、边缘供心使用、异种移植、人工心脏以及生物人工心脏在缓解供心短缺中的作用,概述扩大供心来源当前所面临的挑战和未来方向,以期为临床心脏移植的进一步发展提供参考。

心脏机械灌注技术的研究现状

高质量的供心是移植成功的先决条件和根本保障,合理的供心保存技术对提升供心质量、改善心脏移植预后具有关键作用。静态冷保存(SCS)是目前移植心脏的标准保存技术,但该技术易造成供心严重的冷缺血损伤,且保存过程中无法评估心脏功能。机械灌注技术作为当前器官保存的重要新型技术,比SCS更符合生理状态,能够在器官保存过程中清除代谢废物、提供代谢需求的基本物质,一定程度延长保存时间、提升保存效果;也能有效评估器官功能,改善心脏移植预后;同时还能修复器官损伤,显著优化器官质量,提高供器官利用率。本文就心脏机械灌注技术的研究现状展开综述。

探讨非标准供体心脏在心脏移植中的应用:阜外医院单中心经验

目的 总结阜外医院非标准供体心脏移植情况,对比非标准供体心脏和标准供体心脏移植预后,以探讨使用非标准供体心脏的利弊。方法 回顾性分析2015年1月至2021年12月中国医学科学院阜外医院连续心脏移植病例。总结非标准供体心脏的应用情况,比较非标准供体心脏和标准供体心脏移植两组受者的临床资料,分析两组受者术后生存情况,探索各非标准供体心脏评定指标与术后1年死亡风险的关系。结果 最终共分析了616例心脏移植患者,平均年龄为(46.0±14.1)岁,其中男性受者456例(70.0%),女性受者160例(30.0%)。330例接受非标准供体心脏移植,286例接受了常规标准供体心脏移植。与标准供体心脏组相比,非标准供体心脏组体外循环时间较长,术中超声提示心功能低下的比例较高,术后使用体外膜肺氧合(extracorporeal membrane oxygenation,ECMO)和主动脉内球囊反搏(intra-aortic balloon pump,IABP)辅助的比例较高,术后感染的比例较高,术后机械通气时间较长,术后重症监护病房(intensive care unit,ICU)时间较长,出院前血清肌酐较高(均P <0.05)。在预后方面,非标准供体心脏院内病死率更高,Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示术后1年生存率非标准供心组低于标准供心组(P <0.01),但术后1年存活的患者两组远期生存率没有显著差异(P=0.12)。校正受体相关因素后,多因素分析显示供体心脏冠脉异常、供体大剂量正性肌力药物支持是术后1年死亡的独立危险因素。结论 非标准供体心脏的应用可在一定程度上缓解供体心脏资源短缺的现状,但其可能增加心脏移植患者术后早期死亡的风险。供体大剂量血管活性药物支持和供体心脏冠脉异常是移植术后1年死亡的危险因素,我们应更加重视供体捐献前管理和供体的评估选择。

献血过程中献血者短时心率变异性分析

目的 通过心率变异性分析,观察献血者在献血过程中的自主神经的调节情况,探讨献血相关迷走神经性献血反应的可能性发生机制。方法 用便携式心电记录仪对90例献血者采用FontaineⅠ导联监测献血全过程的心电图,分别对献血前、中、后各阶段进行5 min短时心率变异分析。结果 在献血全过程中,反映交感神经的HRV指标(LF nu)上升,反映迷走神经指标(pNN50、RMSSD、HFnu)下降,交感和迷走神经平衡能力指标(LF/HF)呈上升变化,心率总体变异性指标(SDNN、Total power)下降;不同献血者(初次和重复、男性和女性、18~24岁和≥25岁、献血量<400 mL和献血量400 mL组)在献血前的心率变异性基线水平比较,低年龄(18~24岁)献血者的pNN50、RMSSD、Total power较高,其余各指标差异无统计学意义;不同类型献血者献血中较献血前的HRV指标变化:重复献血者较初次献血者pNN50、HF nu下降幅度更大、LF/HF上升更多;男性献血者比女性献血者RMSSD下降幅度更大;≥25岁献血者较低年龄(18~24岁)献血者LF/HF变化幅度大;400 mL和<400 mL献血者HRV指标变化差异无统计学意义。结论 献血引起了献血者心脏自主神经调节,在献血过程中交感神经兴奋,而迷走神经被抑制,初次献血、女性、低年龄(18~24岁)献血者对献血应激的心脏自主神经功能调节不够充分,献血相关血管迷走神经反应的发生可能与献血者的自主神经调节功能有关。

“一对一”谈心模式在首次机采血小板献血者招募中的应用价值

目的分析首次机采血小板献血者招募中应用“一对一”谈心模式的效果。方法采用观察性(前瞻性)的研究方法,入组2021年10月至2022年9月在江门市中心血站首次捐献机采血小板献血的献血者。随机选择符合入组条件的200例,其中观察组和对照组各100例,观察组为“一对一”谈心模式招募的献血者,对照组则为常规招募的献血者。比较两组献血者献血后对献血知识和机采血小板的掌握程度及对献血服务的满意度,无偿献血自评评分以及招募中成功献血人数比例。结果观察组知晓血小板作用比例,对献血满意度更高(P<0.05),担心对身体健康有影响、对献血安全存在顾虑比例更低(P<0.05)。观察组无偿献血自评量表评分为(29.27±4.16)分,低于对照组的(35.52±6.66)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。“一对一”谈心模式成功招募人数比例为98.56%,高于常规招募模式的67.32%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过“一对一”谈心模式招募能够有效提升献血者对献血知识的了解程度,提高献血者对献血服务的满意度,以及对机采血小板献血的信任度,改善不良心理,有助于增加献血者的招募成功率。