Twist drill flute profile design is necessary in order to determine the required grinding wheel profile for a flute production. An accurate drill flute profile design is generated for two-flute conical twist drills us...Twist drill flute profile design is necessary in order to determine the required grinding wheel profile for a flute production. An accurate drill flute profile design is generated for two-flute conical twist drills using analytical equations to generate a drill flute profile design needed for the production of twist drills with straight lips. The required grinding wheel profile for a flute production was expressed in digitized form as well as in terms of two curve-fitted circular arcs. The drill flute profile geometry can never be precisely generated when required grinding wheel profile is represented by two circular arcs and the generated flute profile is just a very good approximation of the design flute profile. A CAD （computer aided design） software has been developed using MATLAB to determine the required grinding wheel profile for generating a given drill flute profile design.展开更多
Cam mechanics is one of the most popular devices for generating irregular motions and is widely used in automatic equipment,such as textile machines,internal combustion engines,and other automatic devices.In order to ...Cam mechanics is one of the most popular devices for generating irregular motions and is widely used in automatic equipment,such as textile machines,internal combustion engines,and other automatic devices.In order to obtain a positive motion from the follower using a rotating cam,its shape should be correctly designed and manufactured.The development of an adequate CAD/CAM system for a cam profile CNC grinding machine is necessary to manufacture high-precision cams.The purpose of this study is the development of a CAD/CAM system and profile measuring device for a CNC grinding machine to obtain an optimal grinding speed with a constant surface roughness.Three types of disk cams were manufactured using the proposed algorithm and procedures to verify effectiveness of the developed CAD/CAM system.展开更多
The formed principle and CNC grinding machining method of isometric polygonal profile are studied deeply and systematically. Equation about section curve of isometric polygon profile is set up by means of geometric pr...The formed principle and CNC grinding machining method of isometric polygonal profile are studied deeply and systematically. Equation about section curve of isometric polygon profile is set up by means of geometric principle. With the use of differential geometry theory, the curve is proved to be with geometric feature of convex curve. It is referred to as Isometric Polygonal Curve (IPC), because that is a kind of convex curve on which the distance between any parallel tangent lines is equal. Isometric Polygonal Profile (IPP) or Isometric Polygonal Cone Profile (IPCP) or Isometric Polygonal Topless Cone (IPTC) is formed with the IPC and straight line as generating curve. But the machining and measuring of the IPCP are so inconvenient that it has little value. Keeping in mind the characteristic of the IPP and IPTC, this paper puts forward the program method of CNC grinding machining. Isometric polygonal profile connection is a kind of polygonal profile connection. It has the superiority over keys (prismatic key & spline etc), and can be suit for the situations such as high rotative velocity, large torque, high precision, and small fixed room and vibration. Nowadays, some countries such as America, Russia, German and Switzerland applied CNC machining to the machining of polygon surface coupling parts, which makes their applications in machine productions such as motor engine, heavy machine increase day by day. But reports about concrete machining technology of isometric polygonal profile and programming of CNC machining program are very few. CNC grinding of the IPP and IPTC is one kind of the precision machining technology. It is of great importance to the popularization of the IPP and IPTC connection. From the forming mechanism, we can see that the machining and measuring of the IPP and IPTC are convenient, and therefore they have the value of the popularization. But the machining and measuring of the IPCP are so inconvenient that it has little value. In the programming the CNC grinding of the IPP and IPTC, it is more reasonable to calculate the coordinate of node according to the approaching method of equal error arc. According to the method of CNC grinding mentioned above to design the grinding machine, the structure is simple and of economical and practical.展开更多
Using on-line monitoring during the CNC grinding process,the hazard case such as the crushing of grinding wheel and various safety accidents could be avoided,and the optimum time for dressing and replacing grinding wh...Using on-line monitoring during the CNC grinding process,the hazard case such as the crushing of grinding wheel and various safety accidents could be avoided,and the optimum time for dressing and replacing grinding wheel could also be determined,and hence,the service life of the grinding wheel could be prolonged and grinding quality could be improved. To overcome the limitation of some traditional techniques in which some parameters including the grinding power and force,torque and so on were monitored,the acoustic emission (AE) technique,which provides high sensitivity and responding speed,were developed in the present paper. The mechanism of AE during grinding was reviewed. Moreover,a virtual AE monitoring system,which could monitor the grinding state under different working conditions during the grinding,has been developed based on the Virtual Instruments technique. Some experiments were also performed on the internal grinder. The results showed that the AE signals became stronger with increasing the main shaft speed and grinding depth or decreasing the distance between the AE sensor and grinding area.展开更多
Mathematical model for hyperboloid grinding of twist drill and relationships between drill design and grinding parameters are introduced.Point angles at outer corner and chisel edge corner are proposed to be used as t...Mathematical model for hyperboloid grinding of twist drill and relationships between drill design and grinding parameters are introduced.Point angles at outer corner and chisel edge corner are proposed to be used as the drill design parameters to determine the type uniquely and the relicf andgle is used as a supplement parameter.Function relations between the twist drill design and the grinding parameters are derived.Hence a theeoretical basis is estab-lised for design and grinding of the hyperboloid twist drill.展开更多
Based on the principles of differential geometry and kinematics, a mathematical model is developed to describe the grinding wheel axial cross-section with the radial cross-section of the flute in a given drill under t...Based on the principles of differential geometry and kinematics, a mathematical model is developed to describe the grinding wheel axial cross-section with the radial cross-section of the flute in a given drill under the basic engagement condition between the generating flute and the generated grinding wheel （or disk milling tool）. The mathematical model is good for the flute in the radial cross-section consisting of three arcs. Furthermore, a CAD system is also developed to represent the axial cross-section of the grinding wheel （or disk milling tool）. With the system, the grinding wheel （or disk milling tool） axial cross-section that corresponds to the three-arc flute cross section can be conveniently simulated. Through the grinding experiment of drill flutes, the method and the CAD system are proved to be feasible and reasonable.展开更多
The technology of machining aspheric surface with high precision is the premise for the application of aspheric surface. The grinding machining with error compensation is a commonly used method to machine aspheric sur...The technology of machining aspheric surface with high precision is the premise for the application of aspheric surface. The grinding machining with error compensation is a commonly used method to machine aspheric surface, which will directly influence the quality of aspheric workpiece surface. Multifunctional CNC grinding wheel truing system is a four-axis CNC truing system which can be applied to grinding wheel truing. In this system, DSP-based multi-axes motion control card is adopted as the controller, and visual C++ is used as development tool. When the design of hardware and software is completed, the system can implement truing of various grinding wheel with high precision aspheric machining such as plane grinding wheel, arc grinding one, and sphere grinding one.展开更多
This paper studies some key technologies of CNC system for cam grinding. The mathematical motion model for cam grinding is established according to the harmony of reciprocating motion of the grinding wheel and the rot...This paper studies some key technologies of CNC system for cam grinding. The mathematical motion model for cam grinding is established according to the harmony of reciprocating motion of the grinding wheel and the rotating motion of the workpiece. The method of using the linear servomotor to accomplish the grinding wheel tracking is developed and the dynamic model of the system is analyzed. Then the cross-coupled biaxial error compensation model is proposed. Finally, the hardware and software of the control system are designed based on open architecture. Some algorithms , such as spline fitting and interpolation for cam contour, velocity control and feed control, are presented to improve grinding precision.展开更多
文摘Twist drill flute profile design is necessary in order to determine the required grinding wheel profile for a flute production. An accurate drill flute profile design is generated for two-flute conical twist drills using analytical equations to generate a drill flute profile design needed for the production of twist drills with straight lips. The required grinding wheel profile for a flute production was expressed in digitized form as well as in terms of two curve-fitted circular arcs. The drill flute profile geometry can never be precisely generated when required grinding wheel profile is represented by two circular arcs and the generated flute profile is just a very good approximation of the design flute profile. A CAD （computer aided design） software has been developed using MATLAB to determine the required grinding wheel profile for generating a given drill flute profile design.
基金Project(RTI04-01-03) supported by the Regional Technology Innovation Program of Ministry of Knowledge Economy (MKE),Korea
文摘Cam mechanics is one of the most popular devices for generating irregular motions and is widely used in automatic equipment,such as textile machines,internal combustion engines,and other automatic devices.In order to obtain a positive motion from the follower using a rotating cam,its shape should be correctly designed and manufactured.The development of an adequate CAD/CAM system for a cam profile CNC grinding machine is necessary to manufacture high-precision cams.The purpose of this study is the development of a CAD/CAM system and profile measuring device for a CNC grinding machine to obtain an optimal grinding speed with a constant surface roughness.Three types of disk cams were manufactured using the proposed algorithm and procedures to verify effectiveness of the developed CAD/CAM system.
文摘The formed principle and CNC grinding machining method of isometric polygonal profile are studied deeply and systematically. Equation about section curve of isometric polygon profile is set up by means of geometric principle. With the use of differential geometry theory, the curve is proved to be with geometric feature of convex curve. It is referred to as Isometric Polygonal Curve (IPC), because that is a kind of convex curve on which the distance between any parallel tangent lines is equal. Isometric Polygonal Profile (IPP) or Isometric Polygonal Cone Profile (IPCP) or Isometric Polygonal Topless Cone (IPTC) is formed with the IPC and straight line as generating curve. But the machining and measuring of the IPCP are so inconvenient that it has little value. Keeping in mind the characteristic of the IPP and IPTC, this paper puts forward the program method of CNC grinding machining. Isometric polygonal profile connection is a kind of polygonal profile connection. It has the superiority over keys (prismatic key & spline etc), and can be suit for the situations such as high rotative velocity, large torque, high precision, and small fixed room and vibration. Nowadays, some countries such as America, Russia, German and Switzerland applied CNC machining to the machining of polygon surface coupling parts, which makes their applications in machine productions such as motor engine, heavy machine increase day by day. But reports about concrete machining technology of isometric polygonal profile and programming of CNC machining program are very few. CNC grinding of the IPP and IPTC is one kind of the precision machining technology. It is of great importance to the popularization of the IPP and IPTC connection. From the forming mechanism, we can see that the machining and measuring of the IPP and IPTC are convenient, and therefore they have the value of the popularization. But the machining and measuring of the IPCP are so inconvenient that it has little value. In the programming the CNC grinding of the IPP and IPTC, it is more reasonable to calculate the coordinate of node according to the approaching method of equal error arc. According to the method of CNC grinding mentioned above to design the grinding machine, the structure is simple and of economical and practical.
基金Supported by fund of National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing(9140C85030106JS9102)
文摘Using on-line monitoring during the CNC grinding process,the hazard case such as the crushing of grinding wheel and various safety accidents could be avoided,and the optimum time for dressing and replacing grinding wheel could also be determined,and hence,the service life of the grinding wheel could be prolonged and grinding quality could be improved. To overcome the limitation of some traditional techniques in which some parameters including the grinding power and force,torque and so on were monitored,the acoustic emission (AE) technique,which provides high sensitivity and responding speed,were developed in the present paper. The mechanism of AE during grinding was reviewed. Moreover,a virtual AE monitoring system,which could monitor the grinding state under different working conditions during the grinding,has been developed based on the Virtual Instruments technique. Some experiments were also performed on the internal grinder. The results showed that the AE signals became stronger with increasing the main shaft speed and grinding depth or decreasing the distance between the AE sensor and grinding area.
文摘Mathematical model for hyperboloid grinding of twist drill and relationships between drill design and grinding parameters are introduced.Point angles at outer corner and chisel edge corner are proposed to be used as the drill design parameters to determine the type uniquely and the relicf andgle is used as a supplement parameter.Function relations between the twist drill design and the grinding parameters are derived.Hence a theeoretical basis is estab-lised for design and grinding of the hyperboloid twist drill.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50675065).
文摘Based on the principles of differential geometry and kinematics, a mathematical model is developed to describe the grinding wheel axial cross-section with the radial cross-section of the flute in a given drill under the basic engagement condition between the generating flute and the generated grinding wheel （or disk milling tool）. The mathematical model is good for the flute in the radial cross-section consisting of three arcs. Furthermore, a CAD system is also developed to represent the axial cross-section of the grinding wheel （or disk milling tool）. With the system, the grinding wheel （or disk milling tool） axial cross-section that corresponds to the three-arc flute cross section can be conveniently simulated. Through the grinding experiment of drill flutes, the method and the CAD system are proved to be feasible and reasonable.
文摘The technology of machining aspheric surface with high precision is the premise for the application of aspheric surface. The grinding machining with error compensation is a commonly used method to machine aspheric surface, which will directly influence the quality of aspheric workpiece surface. Multifunctional CNC grinding wheel truing system is a four-axis CNC truing system which can be applied to grinding wheel truing. In this system, DSP-based multi-axes motion control card is adopted as the controller, and visual C++ is used as development tool. When the design of hardware and software is completed, the system can implement truing of various grinding wheel with high precision aspheric machining such as plane grinding wheel, arc grinding one, and sphere grinding one.
文摘This paper studies some key technologies of CNC system for cam grinding. The mathematical motion model for cam grinding is established according to the harmony of reciprocating motion of the grinding wheel and the rotating motion of the workpiece. The method of using the linear servomotor to accomplish the grinding wheel tracking is developed and the dynamic model of the system is analyzed. Then the cross-coupled biaxial error compensation model is proposed. Finally, the hardware and software of the control system are designed based on open architecture. Some algorithms , such as spline fitting and interpolation for cam contour, velocity control and feed control, are presented to improve grinding precision.
