Background: The effectiveness of a standard anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment regimen correlates with in vitro drug susceptibility pattern of the infecting tubercle bacilli. The results of the drug susceptibility tests...Background: The effectiveness of a standard anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment regimen correlates with in vitro drug susceptibility pattern of the infecting tubercle bacilli. The results of the drug susceptibility tests help select a proper treatment regimen or modify treatment regimen for a better management of patients and surveillance and timely control of the spread of the drug resistant TB in the community. Treatment of drug resistant TB is costly, and the outcomes, including survivorship, can be poor. As the result, the drug susceptibility test has become more important than ever. Objective: To determine the drug-susceptibility pattern of M. tuberculosis and M. bovis isolated from selected sites of Ethiopia. Methods: The conventional indirect Löwenstein-Jensen (L-J) proportion method was used to detect the drug susceptibility pattern of 29 isolates of M. tuberculosis and 21 isolates of M. bovis to four anti-TB drugs (streptomycin, rifampicin, isoniazid and ethambutol). Results: Resistance was observed only in M. tuberculosis isolates while all isolates of M. bovis were fully susceptible to the four drugs. Thus, the overall resistance of M. tubeculosis isolates to any of the four drugs was 51.7%. As such, any type of drug resistance was most frequent to streptomycin (41.3%) followed by isoniazid (20.6%) while it was minimal to rifampicin (6.8%) and ethambutol (3.4%). Multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB) was not detected in the study. Conclusion: This preliminary study showed high level of resistance in M. tuberculosis isolates warranting appropriate use of anti-TB drugs in those sites from where the isolates were obtained.展开更多
原发性肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)是全球发病率和死亡率居高不下的恶性肿瘤之一,其患者通常因为耐药性产生而不能从新兴的免疫、靶向治疗中持续受益。研究表明,目前常用的单一生物标志物,例如甲胎蛋白、肿瘤突变负荷(tumor mut...原发性肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)是全球发病率和死亡率居高不下的恶性肿瘤之一,其患者通常因为耐药性产生而不能从新兴的免疫、靶向治疗中持续受益。研究表明,目前常用的单一生物标志物,例如甲胎蛋白、肿瘤突变负荷(tumor mutation burden,TMB)和程序性死亡受体-1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)/程序性死亡配体-1(programmed death ligand 1,PD-L1)等缺乏指示HCC免疫、靶向治疗效果的效力。为了进一步优化临床决策,寻找能够准确预测HCC免疫、靶向治疗疗效的生物标志物尤为重要。最近研究表明,N6-甲基腺嘌呤(N6-methyladenosine,m^(6)A)作为真核生物最普遍的RNA修饰方式之一,在HCC免疫治疗和靶向治疗耐药性产生过程中发挥重要作用。本文总结了m^(6)A修饰参与HCC免疫治疗、靶向治疗耐药的机制及相关研究进展,并且阐述了m^(6)A修饰相关特征作为潜在生物标志物,对这两种新兴治疗方法疗效的预测作用,从m^(6)A修饰的角度提出改善HCC治疗效果及预测疗效的潜在方案,以期为临床治疗及有效决策提供新思路。展开更多
Objective: To study the relationship between the polymorphism of drug resistant gene rpoB and drug resistance against rifampicin(RFP) of M. tuberculosis L-forms, and to evaluate its clinical application. Methods: A to...Objective: To study the relationship between the polymorphism of drug resistant gene rpoB and drug resistance against rifampicin(RFP) of M. tuberculosis L-forms, and to evaluate its clinical application. Methods: A total of 52 clinical isolated strains of M. tuberculosis L-forms were collected. rpoB gene polymorphism was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and conventional antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST). Their results were compared. Results: AST results showed that 38 of 52 clinical isolated strains were drug resistance (73.08％),while PCR-SSCP indicated 65.38％ (32/52) rpoB gene polymorphism. There was no statistic significance(χ2= 2.4914) between the 2 methods. Conclusion:Combined the application of PCR-SSCP with AST in detecting rpoB drug resistant gene polymorphism of M. tuberculosis L-form from pneumoconiosis patients with tuberculosis may have advantages at earlier diagnosis and guidance of clinical medications.展开更多
文摘Background: The effectiveness of a standard anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment regimen correlates with in vitro drug susceptibility pattern of the infecting tubercle bacilli. The results of the drug susceptibility tests help select a proper treatment regimen or modify treatment regimen for a better management of patients and surveillance and timely control of the spread of the drug resistant TB in the community. Treatment of drug resistant TB is costly, and the outcomes, including survivorship, can be poor. As the result, the drug susceptibility test has become more important than ever. Objective: To determine the drug-susceptibility pattern of M. tuberculosis and M. bovis isolated from selected sites of Ethiopia. Methods: The conventional indirect Löwenstein-Jensen (L-J) proportion method was used to detect the drug susceptibility pattern of 29 isolates of M. tuberculosis and 21 isolates of M. bovis to four anti-TB drugs (streptomycin, rifampicin, isoniazid and ethambutol). Results: Resistance was observed only in M. tuberculosis isolates while all isolates of M. bovis were fully susceptible to the four drugs. Thus, the overall resistance of M. tubeculosis isolates to any of the four drugs was 51.7%. As such, any type of drug resistance was most frequent to streptomycin (41.3%) followed by isoniazid (20.6%) while it was minimal to rifampicin (6.8%) and ethambutol (3.4%). Multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB) was not detected in the study. Conclusion: This preliminary study showed high level of resistance in M. tuberculosis isolates warranting appropriate use of anti-TB drugs in those sites from where the isolates were obtained.
文摘原发性肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)是全球发病率和死亡率居高不下的恶性肿瘤之一,其患者通常因为耐药性产生而不能从新兴的免疫、靶向治疗中持续受益。研究表明,目前常用的单一生物标志物,例如甲胎蛋白、肿瘤突变负荷(tumor mutation burden,TMB)和程序性死亡受体-1(programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)/程序性死亡配体-1(programmed death ligand 1,PD-L1)等缺乏指示HCC免疫、靶向治疗效果的效力。为了进一步优化临床决策,寻找能够准确预测HCC免疫、靶向治疗疗效的生物标志物尤为重要。最近研究表明,N6-甲基腺嘌呤(N6-methyladenosine,m^(6)A)作为真核生物最普遍的RNA修饰方式之一,在HCC免疫治疗和靶向治疗耐药性产生过程中发挥重要作用。本文总结了m^(6)A修饰参与HCC免疫治疗、靶向治疗耐药的机制及相关研究进展,并且阐述了m^(6)A修饰相关特征作为潜在生物标志物,对这两种新兴治疗方法疗效的预测作用,从m^(6)A修饰的角度提出改善HCC治疗效果及预测疗效的潜在方案,以期为临床治疗及有效决策提供新思路。
文摘Objective: To study the relationship between the polymorphism of drug resistant gene rpoB and drug resistance against rifampicin(RFP) of M. tuberculosis L-forms, and to evaluate its clinical application. Methods: A total of 52 clinical isolated strains of M. tuberculosis L-forms were collected. rpoB gene polymorphism was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and conventional antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST). Their results were compared. Results: AST results showed that 38 of 52 clinical isolated strains were drug resistance (73.08％),while PCR-SSCP indicated 65.38％ (32/52) rpoB gene polymorphism. There was no statistic significance(χ2= 2.4914) between the 2 methods. Conclusion:Combined the application of PCR-SSCP with AST in detecting rpoB drug resistant gene polymorphism of M. tuberculosis L-form from pneumoconiosis patients with tuberculosis may have advantages at earlier diagnosis and guidance of clinical medications.
