国家医保谈判对公立医院抗肿瘤药物采购费用、数量及结构的影响:以EGFR-TKI靶向药物为例

目的分析国家医保药品目录准入谈判(以下简称“国谈”)政策对某省公立三级医院非小细胞肺癌EGFRTKI靶向药物采购费用、数量及结构的影响,为相关政策制定提供依据。方法收集2018年1月—2020年12月某省公立三级医院EGFR-TKI靶向药物每月采购数据,利用中断时间序列模型分析采购费用、数量、药品结构及日均费用的变化趋势。结果阿法替尼、奥希替尼、吉非替尼、埃克替尼、厄洛替尼5种EGFR-TKI靶向药物总体采购量及费用以稳定为主,2018年国谈准入品种采购量及费用上升。5种EGFR-TKI靶向药物药品结构变化明显,呈即刻上升趋势;各品种日均费用出现不同程度的下降。结论国谈政策的实施增加了靶向药物的使用,国谈准入药物品种逐步进入临床,患者的用药负担进一步减轻。

Study of isolation of fluoroquinolone-resistant Ureaplasma urealyticum and identification of mutant sites

To study the resistance mechanism of clinical isolates of Ureaplasma urealyticum resistant to fluoroquinolones Methods Thirteen isolates of Ureaplasma urealyticum resistant to six fluoroquinolones were selected out of 184 clinical isolates and their QRDRs (quinolone resistance determining region) gyrA, gyrB, parC and parE were amplified by PCR Sequencing results were compared to those susceptible reference strains and a comparison of deduced amino acid sequences were performed Results Sequence comparison revealed a C to A change at 87nt of gyrA QRDR leading to the substitution of Asp95 with glutamic acid and a C to T change at 50nt of parC QRDR leading to the substitution of Ser80 with leucine Conclusion These results suggest that a C to A change at 87nt of gyrA QRDR and a C to T change at 50nt of parC QRDR are associated with fluoroquinolone resistance of Ureaplasma urealyticum

Overview of SARS-CoV-2 genome-encoded proteins

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has spread rapidly throughout the world.SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped,plus-stranded RNA virus with a single-stranded RNA genome of approximately 30,000 nucleotides.The SARS-CoV-2 genome encodes 29 proteins,including 16 nonstructural,4 structural and 9 accessory proteins.To date,over 1,228 experimental structures of SARS-CoV-2 proteins have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank(PDB),including 16 protein structures,two functional domain structures of nucleocapsid(N)protein,and scores of complexes.Overall,they exhibit high similarity to SARS-CoV proteins.Here,we summarize the progress of structural and functional research on SARS-CoV-2 proteins.These studies provide structural and functional insights into proteins of SARS-CoV-2,and further elucidate the daedal relationship between different components at the atomic level in the viral life cycle,including attachment to the host cell,viral genome replication and transcription,genome packaging and assembly,and virus release.It is important to understand the structural and functional properties of SARS-CoV-2 proteins as it will facilitate the development of anti-CoV drugs and vaccines to prevent and control the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Sirtuin 5:a review of structure,known inhibitors and clues for developing new inhibitors

Sirtuins(SIRTs) are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD^+)-dependent protein deacetylases,which regulate important biological processes ranging from apoptosis,age-associated pathophysiologies,adipocyte and muscle differentiation,and energy expenditure to gluconeogenesis.Very recently,sirtuin 5(SIRT5) has received considerable attention due to that it was found to have weak deacetylase activity but strong desuccinylase,demalonylase and deglutarylase activities,and it was also found to be associated with several human diseases such as cancer,Alzheimer's disease,and Parkinson's disease.In this review,we for the first time summarized the structure characteristics,known peptide and small-molecule inhibitors of SIRT5,extracted some clues from current available information and introduced some feasible,practical in silico methods,which might be useful in further efforts to develop new SIRT5 inhibitors.