Developing Large-Scale Dry Ports—The Case of Arriyadh

The purpose of this paper is to explore the development process of a large scale dry port and to analyse what measures and actions are needed in order to support the decision making process and ensure an effective and efficient dry port that serves the City and the region’s current and future needs. The purpose is explored in the context of Saudi Arabiaand the city ofArriyadh. Key issues identified related to the dry port development are long term planning and crosssector collaboration. The interconnection between the dry port and the overall transport system and aspects, such as location of business, city logistics, road and rail infrastructure, local, regional and national regulations, etc., is strong. This puts challenge on the coordination and alignment of the different organizations, their strategies and objectives. In a complex situation, such as developing a dry port with many stakeholders, it is crucial that the roles of all actors are clearly defined. This is essential for utilizing the dry port as a regional tool for planning. In that regard, it is appropriate that the site location decision is clearly connected with an overall city freight vision and strategy.

Modelling Dry Port Systems in the Framework of Inland Waterway Container Terminals

Overcoming the global sustainability challenges of logistics requires applying solutions that minimize the negative effects of logistics activities.The most efficient way of doing so is through intermodal transportation(IT).Current IT systems rely mostly on road,rail,and sea transport,not inland waterway transport.Developing dry port(DP)terminals has been proven as a sustainable means of promoting and utilizing IT in the hinterland of seaport container terminals.Conventional DP systems consolidate container flows from/to seaports and integrate road and rail transportation modes in the hinterland which improves the sustainability of the whole logistics system.In this article,to extend literature on the sustainable development of different categories of IT terminals,especially DPs,and their varying roles,we examine the possibility of developing DP terminals within the framework of inland waterway container terminals(IWCTs).Establishing combined road–rail–inland waterway transport for observed container flows is expected to make the IT systems sustainable.As such,this article is the first to address the modelling of such DP systems.After mathematically formulating the problem of modelling DP systems,which entailed determining the number and location of DP terminals for IWCTs,their capacity,and their allocation of container flows,we solved the problem with a hybrid metaheuristic model based on the Bee Colony Optimisation(BCO)algorithmand themeasurement of alternatives and ranking according to compromise solution(i.e.,MARCOS)multi-criteria decision-making method.The results from our case study of the Danube region suggest that planning and developingDP terminals in the framework of IWCTs can indeed be sustainable,as well as contribute to the development of logistics networks,the regionalisation of river ports,and the geographic expansion of their hinterlands.Thus,the main contributions of this article are in proposing a novel DP concept variant,mathematically formulating the problems of its modelling,and developing an encompassing hybrid metaheuristic approach for treating the complex nature of the problem adequately.

Assessment of Dry Port Efficiency in Africa Using Data Envelopment Analysis

This work involves the evaluation of dry port competitiveness through analysis of efficiencies for selected dry ports in Africa. Five dry ports were selected and analysis carried out over a period of four years. The dry ports considered were Mojo and Kality in Ethiopia, Mombasa in Kenya, Isaka in Tanzania and Casablanca in Casablanca, Morocco. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was applied for this work. Container throughputs for the various ports under consideration were used as the output variable for the data analysis model, while the number of reach stackers, the number of tractors, the number of forklifts and the size of the dry port were used as the input variables. From the results, the Mombasa dry port was found to be the most efficient with an average score of approximately 1 over the period under consideration. Casablanca was the second efficient dry port with an average score of 0.762, while Isaka was the least efficient with an average score of 0.142. This research is significant since the African countries have embraced the dry port concept, as witnessed in the huge investments in this sector, and would serve to highlight areas that need improvement for the few existing dry port facilities, most of which are undergoing expansion as well as modernization.

The Selection of Dry Port Location by Analytic Network Process Model: A Case Study of Dosso-Niger

The aim of this paper is to select the best location for the construction of a dry port in Niger which is a land locked country (LLC). Niger is located in the Sahel and has a land area of 1,267,000 square kilometers [1], with the closest port being port of Cotonou in Benin. The transport corridor from Niamey to Cotonou is approximately 1036 km long [2]. It is estimated that this corridor carries about 40 percent of Niger’s overseas trade traffic [3]. In this work, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) model is used to determine the optimal location of the dry port, among three major cities: Niamey (capital city), Dosso and Gaya. From the application of this selection model, Dosso was selected as the best location for the location of the dry port, while Gaya and Niamey were placed second and third respectively. The results obtained in this work strongly confirm the decision of the government of Niger to construct a dry port in Dosso, a project that commenced in 2010 and is still in progress.

Dry Port-Seaport Logistics Network Construction under the Belt and Road Initiative: A Case of Shandong Province in China

In recent years,China's dry ports have entered into a period of rapid development,especially driven by the Belt and Road initiative(BRI).This initiative not only provides valuable opportunities,but also intensifies fierce competition between ports.In order to earn more profits and maintain an advantageous position,dry ports generally tend to rely on seaports to increase competitiveness and attract more goods,and seaports are also willing to cooperate with dry ports to expand their business.As a large coastal province in China,Shandong Province has good maritime resources.Because of the fierce competition among seaports inside and outside Shandong Province,port operators should make good use of the opportunity offered by BRI to make connections with the inland cities through the dry port-seaport logistics network and enhance the competitiveness.In order to take an active part in the process of the BRI,forming a dry port-seaport logistics network is a win-win strategy for Shandong province.The research first analyzes the impact of the Belt and Road initiative on ports of Shandong and its development,then uses complex network theory and TOPSIS method to select dry port candidate cities from BRI's important transportation nodes.After considering economic benefits,carbon emissions and construction costs,a multi-objective optimization model is established with a construction cost preference coefficient.Then the NSGA-II algorithm is used to solve the realistic problem.The study finds that when the construction cost increases,the transportation cost and carbon emission cost will decrease,which indicates that the dry port-seaport logistics network established under the BRI can reduce the cost of logistics transportation and environmental pollution.

干散货码头数字孪生综合管控平台架构与实践

为加快干散货智慧港口建设,探讨了数字孪生技术在干散货码头中的应用。分析干散货码头运营呈现出的自动化、信息化、智能化发展趋势,指出当前面临的数据爆炸性增长、数据采集不全面等挑战。在此基础上,对数字孪生在港口的应用领域进行分析梳理,围绕数字孪生模型内容,提出7大应用业务领域。通过干散货码头数字孪生的建设路线,提出以数据驱动和模型驱动为核心的数字孪生模型构建方法。结合干散货码头智能化建设现状,提出干散货码头数字孪生平台架构方案。选取典型门机设备和港区全局典型案例,分别从微观设备孪生构建和宏观全局孪生场景两个层面阐述应用实践经验,以期为智慧港口的发展与建设提供参考。

义乌陆港物流设施空间布局及驱动力研究

物流设施是陆港枢纽集成的基本要素,其中仓储设施是空间布局的重要代表.本文以义乌陆港为例,选取其仓储物流设施POI(Point of Information)数据,综合运用空间分析和多元回归分析法揭示陆港物流设施的空间布局特征及驱动机制.研究表明:(1)义乌陆港仓储物流设施空间布局呈运输设施的“轴-辐”模式,以物流综合体为集聚核心、“多核一带”的非中心结构;传统仓、云仓和直通仓的空间分布也有差异,其中传统仓符合总体陆港仓储设施的集聚模式,云仓与直通仓呈单核心,但直通仓集聚程度更明显.(2)仓储物流设施空间布局在地价和交通等因素上具有较强政府导向,也受多元运营主体的服务价值等因素驱动.期望研究结果为未来陆港物流设施布局与规划提供参考.

秦皇岛港干散货码头碳减排现状分析与行动路径研究

本文以全球最大的大宗干散货公众码头——秦皇岛港为例,分析其碳排放情况和绿色低碳发展现状,通过源头降碳、过程减碳、末端固碳等方面的举措,提出了干散货港口开展碳减排工作的行动路径,明确了碳减排是各港口企业实现高质量、可持续发展的重要内容。

大型干散货港口数字化堆场系统的实现

为解决堆场周边构建物、装卸运输设备及料堆等的三维模型构建以及三维场景中实时跟踪堆垛数据及状态变化、跟踪设备位置及姿态等关键技术难题,采用数字孪生、顶点着色等技术建立多视图立体视觉三维堆场模型,形成堆场内堆料机、取料机、行走轨道、垛位、坝基及堆场周边设备设施和周边构建物的三维模型建模方案。在三维场景中实时跟踪数据变化,确保装卸运输设备作业结构动作保持同步,实现实时数据驱动码头及堆场三维模型动态更新,准确指导港口生产作业,提高堆场作业效率与堆存能力。

干散货码头水资源循环利用研究

为提高干散货码头水资源利用效率,本文以鼠浪湖码头相关水资源利用设备设施为例,从码头污水收集池、排洪沟、压舱水回收装置改造等方面,分析其在水资源循环高效利用方面可行性。研究结果表明:码头常规污水收集池改造可收集污水和兼顾压舱水蓄水,码头排洪沟增设堤坝提高了雨水收集库容,且大幅提高了船舶压舱水回收效率。

区域海港群-无水港系统布局优化模型及其算法

以区域海港-无水港网络为研究对象,构建区域海港-无水港网络总体优化的双层规划模型,将贪心法和遗传算法相结合对所建模型进行求解,实现区域海港群-无水港系统布局协同优化。该模型适用于解决已知需求点分布的区域海港-无水港宏观配置优化问题。将其应用于海峡西岸港口群-无水港系统布局优化实践,结果表明,所建模型可有效解决区域内海港群-无水港系统的协同优化问题。

国际无水港建设经验及其启示

上个世纪七八十年代,国际上就开始了无水港建设,其投资模式多种多样,市场化运作程度较高,且基本都具备了海关服务功能。近年来,国际无水港又开始了新一轮高端服务功能拓展的建设,对于环保问题予以了高度关注,更加注重从系统角度来规划;在我国,大部分无水港建设是从拓展港口腹地和促进内陆地区经济发展的角度出发,综合交通的整合优势还未充分发挥,市场化运作也有待进一步提升。

基于改进粒子群算法的无水港多周期选址研究

传统无水港选址主要将无水港当作一般物流中心,侧重研究静态问题,难以体现选址动态规划特征,且传统粒子群算法在处理离散问题时易陷入局部最优困境。因此从"强势海港"角度,构建了基于收益最大化的无水港多周期选址。模型考虑了无水港的中转比例约束和服务时间约束,然后运用改进的粒子群算法进行了求解,得出了各阶段选址结果。表明改进算法的局部搜索能力和全局搜索能力都得到增强,算法的可行性和有效性也得到了验证。

厦门港腹地拓展对策

针对厦门港区位优势与其发展不匹配的现状,分析厦门港经济腹地的发展情况,比较厦门港与上海港、深圳港及福州港等周边港口竞争环境的差异,探索厦门港腹地拓展存在的问题。在此基础上,提出融入"新丝绸之路经济带"建设、不断完善集疏运网络、加快推进内陆腹地"陆地港"建设、切实推进海铁联运业务发展和开展供应链一体化服务等对策。

基于层次分析法的无水港选址研究

选址问题是关系无水港建设成败的关键环节,结合无水港的职能,从无水港所在城市、相应的腹地及场址所在地的社会经济水平及相关属性等角度出发,分析影响无水港选址的相关因素,建立无水港选址评价的指标体系,运用层次分析法确定各指标权重,最后以海峡西岸港口群为例,提出了海峡西岸港口群无水港选址的合理方案。

AHP—Fuzzy在无水港发展潜力评价中的应用

通过分析无水港的空间结构及发展模式,选取影响无水港发展的7大因素,构建无水港发展潜力评价指标体系,运用层次分析法(AHP)和多层模糊(Multi-Level Fuzzy)综合评判相结合的模型评价福建泉州晋江无水港发展潜力。实证结果表明:该项目发展水平良好,发展潜力较大,物流业发展水平、地区经济环境与无水港执行效率表现较为突出,制约其发展的主要因素是交通基础设施。

宁波港中距离无水港选址问题研究

随着港口规模等级的竞争延伸到腹地竞争以及内陆运输领域的不断发展,集装箱多式联运和无水港的发展越来越受到关注。针对无水港选址问题,提出了一种结合模拟退火算法的混合遗传算法进行整体求解,并与IBM ILOG CPLEX12.2的求解结果进行比较。主要在集装箱多式联运的基础上研究了无水港选址,同时考虑了建立无水港所形成的规模经济效应,在模型中加入了成本折扣系数。虽然以宁波港的无水港选址为例,但此选址方法也适用于其他港口的无水港选址。

基于海港-无水港体系的内陆出口货流优化模型和算法研究

海港-无水港体系日益成为内陆进出口货流路径模式,与海港一体化的无水港影响着内陆货流路径选择.本文整合国际航运段与内陆运输网络,构建出口内陆地区至海外进口港路径安排时的成本最优模型,考察内陆出口货流在内陆无水港和出口海港上的分配,扩展了传统多级运输网络,实现内陆城市至无水港或至其母港的选择.用遗传算法进行算例分析,探讨海港-无水港体系和此类无水港对出口货流的影响,得出运输和区域规划方面的启示.

两种模型在内陆无水港选址中的综合应用

从地理位置因素和经济因素两个不同的角度出发进行无水港选址研究,建立了集合覆盖模型和模糊聚类分析模型,并进行了实例分析,最后通过对两种选址模型的结果进行比较,确定了最佳的内陆无水港建设地,从而减少盲目建设,避免资源浪费,达到以最小的支出获得最大的利益的效果。

珠三角港口群在泛珠三角内无水港优化布局与配置

无水港是国内外港口竞争的最新方向,将完善港口物流网络,促进内陆地区经济发展。基于层次分析法,以泛珠三角区域内各地级市为研究对象,建立无水港布局综合指数模型,分析珠三角港口群在泛珠三角区域内无水港的优化布局。研究表明,在泛珠三角区域内可优化配置21个无水港,每个无水港服务各省不同区域。基于运输网络的优化,无水港建设主要分布在4条运输通道上,包括广州—昆明运输通道、广州—成都运输通道、广州—长沙运输通道和深圳—南昌运输通道。