Intelligent Network-Connected New Energy Vehicle Technology and Application Under the Dual-Carbon Strategy

In responding to the“dual carbon”strategy,intelligent networked new energy vehicle technology plays a crucial role.This type of vehicle combines the advantages of new energy technology and intelligent network technology,effectively reduces carbon emissions in the transportation sector,improves energy utilization efficiency,and contributes to the green transportation system through intelligent transportation management and collaborative work between vehicles,making significant contributions.This article aims to explore the development of intelligent network-connected new energy vehicle technology and applications under the dual-carbon strategy and lay the foundation for the future development direction of the automotive industry.

Dynamic optimal allocation of energy storage systems integrated within photovoltaic based on a dual timescale dynamics model

Energy storage systems(ESSs)operate as independent market participants and collaborate with photovoltaic(PV)generation units to enhance the flexible power supply capabilities of PV units.However,the dynamic variations in the profitability of ESSs in the electricity market are yet to be fully understood.This study introduces a dual-timescale dynamics model that integrates a spot market clearing(SMC)model into a system dynamics(SD)model to investigate the profit-aware capacity growth of ESSs and compares the profitability of independent energy storage systems(IESSs)with that of an ESS integrated within a PV(PV-ESS).Furthermore,this study aims to ascertain the optimal allocation of the PV-ESS.First,SD and SMC models were set up.Second,the SMC model simulated on an hourly timescale was incorporated into the SD model as a subsystem,a dual-timescale model was constructed.Finally,a development simulation and profitability analysis was conducted from 2022 to 2040 to reveal the dynamic optimal range of PV-ESS allocation.Additionally,negative electricity prices were considered during clearing processes.The simulation results revealed differences in profitability and capacity growth between IESS and PV-ESS,helping grid investors and policymakers to determine the boundaries of ESSs and dynamic optimal allocation of PV-ESSs.

An aqueous BiI_(3)-Zn battery with dual mechanisms of Zn^(2+)(de)intercalation and I^(-)/I_(2)redox

The development of aqueous battery with dual mechanisms is now arousing more and more interest.The dual mechanisms of Zn^(2+)(de)intercalation and I^(-)/I_(2)redox bring unexpected effects.Herein,differing from previous studies using Zn I_(2)additive,this work designs an aqueous Bi I_(3)-Zn battery with selfsupplied I^(-).Ex situ tests reveal the conversion of Bi I_(3)into Bi(discharge)and Bi OI(charge)at the 1st cycle and the dissolved I^(-)in electrolyte.The active I^(-)species enhances the specific capacity and discharge medium voltage of electrode as well as improves the generation of Zn dendrite and by-product.Furthermore,the porous hard carbon is introduced to enhance the electronic/ionic conductivity and adsorb iodine species,proven by experimental and theoretical studies.Accordingly,the well-designed Bi I_(3)-Zn battery delivers a high reversible capacity of 182 m A h g^(-1)at 0.2 A g^(-1),an excellent rate capability with 88 m A h g^(-1)at 10 A g^(-1),and an impressive cyclability with 63%capacity retention over 20 K cycles at 10 A g^(-1).An excellent electrochemical performance is obtained even at a high mass loading of 6 mg cm^(-2).Moreover,a flexible quasi-solid-state Bi I_(3)-Zn battery exhibits satisfactory battery performances.This work provides a new idea for designing high-performance aqueous battery with dual mechanisms.

COVID-19-related cardiomyopathy:Can dual-energy computed tomography be a diagnostic tool?

BACKGROUND No study on dual energy computed tomography(DECT)has been found in the literature to evaluate possibly fatal cardiac/myocardial problems in corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients.Myocardial perfusion deficits can be found in COVID-19 patients even without any significant coronary artery occlusion,and these deficits can be shown via DECT with a perfect interrater agreement.AIM To assess lung perfusion alterations in COVID-19 patients.To our knowledge,no study using DECT has been performed to evaluate possibly fatal cardiac/myocardial problems in COVID-19 patients.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of DECT in the detection of COVID-19-related cardiac diseases.METHODS Two blinded independent examiners evaluated CT images using the 17-segment model according to the American Heart Association’s classification of the segmentation of the left ventricular myocardium.Additionally,intraluminal diseases and abnormalities in the main coronary arteries and branches were investigated.Following segment-by-segment analysis,perfusion deficiencies identified on the iodine map pictures on DECT were identified.RESULTS The study enrolled a total of 87 patients.Forty-two of these individuals were classified as COVID-19 positive,and 45 were classified as controls.Perfusion deficits were identified in 66.6%(n=30)of the cases.All control patients had a normal iodine distribution map.Perfusion deficits were found on DECT iodine map images with subepicardial(n=12,40%),intramyocardial(n=8,26.6%),or transmural(n=10,33.3%)anatomical locations within the left ventricular wall.There was no subendocardial involvement in any of the patients.CONCLUSION Myocardial perfusion deficits can be found in COVID-19 patients even without any significant coronary artery occlusion.These deficits can be shown via DECT with a perfect interrater agreement.Additionally,the presence of perfusion deficit is positively correlated with D-dimer levels.

多负载转动的正交双发射MCR-WPT系统研究

目前,磁谐振式无线电能传输(Magnetic coupling resonance-wireless power transmission,MCR-WPT)的研究主要集中于静止状态下的双发射单负载和三发射单负载系统。本文对双发射多负载低速转动系统进行了研究,通过建立双发射多负载系统的理论模型,结合COMSOL软件进行仿真,并搭建接收端转动的二维全向磁谐振式无线电能传输实验平台,验证了正交发射线圈不同相位差、不同接收线圈数量及线圈相对位置改变对转动系统能量传输效率的影响。结果表明,当正交双发射线圈存在90°相位差时,系统在接收端线圈固定距离内能够维持稳定的磁场传输特性,随着负载线圈数量的增加,系统的总传输效率波动幅度有所改变,当负载为4个时波动最小。

基于算力-能量全分布式在线共享的5G网络负荷管理策略

5G与边缘计算等信息基础设施海量部署造成运营商用电成本上升,需推动边缘网络与电网的能量互动以节能降本。现有研究重点关注边缘网络参与日前经济调度,未考虑可再生能源和网络流量双重随机性造成的网络能量供需不平衡问题。针对强随机环境下的网络负荷管理问题,提出面向虚拟化边缘网络的能量实时管理策略。首先,以网络用能成本最小化为目标,构建联合网络资源管理、储能充放电与能量共享模型。其次,针对未来网络信息未知无法直接求解的问题,提出基于随机对偶次梯度法的在线管理策略。然后,针对资源共享涉及运营商隐私问题,提出全分布式的计算资源与能量协同共享算法。最后,仿真验证表明,所提在线算法在无需先验知识的前提下有效减少了5G边缘网络的用能成本。

光伏光热-双源热泵系统地区适用性研究

利用TRNSYS软件建立了光伏光热-双源热泵(PV/T-DSHP)系统仿真模型,选取拉萨和上海对PV/T-DSHP系统的运行特性进行了模拟分析,对不同室外气象条件(环境温度、太阳辐照度)下单一光伏-空气源热泵(PV-ASHP)系统和光伏光热-水源热泵(PV/T-WSHP)系统的性能系数进行了对比分析。结果表明:PV/T-DSHP系统在拉萨和上海的供暖季平均系统性能系数(COP s)分别为4.23和3.34;在太阳能资源一般区和丰富区,PV/T-WSHP系统较PV-ASHP系统在根据环境温度和太阳辐照度划定的最佳COP*s运行区域内运行更具性能优势。

考虑电压-无功调节的台区互联装置规划方法

伴随分布式能源广泛接入低压配电网,其对配电网运行灵活性和消纳能力的要求不断提高。利用低压柔性互联装置将独立运行的低压配电台区分区互联,避免传统电压调节和无功补偿装置频繁动作。考虑到柔性互联装置造价昂贵,协同传统电压-无功调节装置,文中提出低压柔性互联装置的选址定容规划方法。首先,分析低压柔性互联装置拓扑和运行方式,建立其潮流模型。其次,建立低压柔性互联装置优化配置的双层规划模型,上层规划以年综合费用最小为目标,下层规划考虑电压-无功协调控制时间序列模型,以运行成本和电压偏差最小为目标,基于粒子群优化算法和混合整数二阶锥规划算法交替求解,得出配电系统最优柔性互联方案和最优运行方式。最后,在IEEE 33节点系统上进行实例分析,验证该双层规划算法的有效性。结果表明,所提方法能有效减少柔性互联装置的过度布置,同时减少由分布式能源频繁波动造成的运行成本。将模型凸化并线性化的方法明显提高了求解效率。

Facile wet-chemical fabrication of bi-functional coordination polymer nanosheets for high-performance energy storage and anti-corrosion engineering

Organic materials are of great interest in various applications owing to their intrinsic designability,molecular controllability,ease of synthesis,and ecological sustainability.In this work,a facile and mild wet-chemical strategy was carried out to construct a conjugated Ni-BTA coordination polymer via the π-d hybridization with 1,2,4,5-benzenetetramine(BTA)as π-conjugated ligands and Ni^(2+)as metallic centers,which exhibits a unique two-dimensional nanosheet-like structure with available active sites,sufficient electrochemical activity,and multi-electron redox capability.On the one hand,the as-prepared Ni-BTA coordination polymer as electrode material exhibits a rapid,reversible,and efficient energy storage behavior with a large reversible capacity of 198 mA·h·g^(-1)at 1 A·g^(-1) and a high-rate capability of 150 mA·h·g^(-1) at 20 A·g^(-1) in alkali-ion aqueous electrolyte,which are further demonstrated by the in-situ Raman investigation.On the other hand,the Ni-BTA coordination polymer as anti-corrosion additive was introduced into the epoxy resin to achieve a Ni-BTA epoxy coating,which shows a long-term anticorrosion performance with a low corrosion rate of 4.62×10_(-6) mm·a^(-1) and a high corrosion inhibition efficiency of 99.86%,suggesting its great engineering potential as the bi-functional organic material for high-performance energy storage and corrosion protection.

基于几何特征约束的煤矸DE-XRT精准识别方法

双能X射线透射识别煤矸仍存在厚度、硬化、余辉和扇形效应等缺陷,面向5~150 mm宽厚度煤矸分选参数波动大、识别率低。为此,提出一种基于几何特征约束的煤矸双能X射线透射多维度识别方法。该方法通过目标图像最小外接圆直径和区域面积两个几何特征区分煤矸厚度,约束X射线透射响应特征的空间分布,进而从多个维度特征削弱缺陷影响。以少量低密度煤和高密度矸石,获取X射线透射响应特征、位置特征和几何特征,结合Relief-F特征选择建立强特征组合。检验多种分类器的识别性能,选取中等高斯SVM作为多维度方法的分类模型。以强特征组合作为输入,自动创建最终决策模型并分类未知煤矸像素点,通过像素变换图像处理方法获取分选参数p值。结果显示,p值与煤矸密度呈强线性相关,利用密度可选取p值调控分选。而p值与煤矸厚度呈现弱线性相关,宽厚度范围内p值离散程度小、可分性好,赋予分选参数较大调整空间。批量试验验证结果显示,多维度法预排矸分选参数p值为33.01%,以此分选参数对不同密度、不同煤种煤矸识别,整体识别率达99.57%。对5~150 mm厚度范围原煤预排矸整体识别率达99.37%。相比较H-L法、RL法,多维度法识别率更高,面向不同厚度煤矸计算得到的p值精度高、一致性更好。印证了几何特征约束下多维度识别方法的有效性及分选参数调控优势,为现有双能X射线煤矸分选装置识别算法提供了设计参考。

Amiodarone-induced hepatotoxicity-quantitative measurement of iodine density in the liver using dual-energy computed tomography:Three case reports

BACKGROUND Amiodarone is the drug most commonly used to manage arrhythmias.Long-term amiodarone administration causes hepatotoxicity due to iodine accumulation in the liver.Here,we present three cases of amiodarone-induced hepatotoxicity in patients on long-term oral amiodarone therapy who underwent dual-energy computed tomography(DECT).CASE SUMMARY We report the clinical and iodine density in the liver using DECT in three patients with amiodarone-induced hepatotoxicity.Liver enzymes were increased in these three patients,and abdominal DECT without contrast medium showed highly increased attenuation in the liver.Furthermore,the iodine concentration in the liver was increased.The first patient with amiodarone-induced reversible hepatotoxicity,showed a reversible course of liver function and a decrease in CT values after discontinuation of amiodarone.The second patient on long-term oral amiodarone had increased iodine concentration in the liver and liver damage,the patient eventually developed rapidly progressive pneumonia and died of multiple organ failure.The third patient,showed an increased iodine concentration in the liver and elevated liver enzymes.However,the patient refused radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation and continued oral amiodarone to control atrial fibrillation,and routine liver function tests were required every 3-6 mo in this patient.CONCLUSION DECT is a potentially noninvasive diagnostic tool for quantifying iodine concentration in the liver and monitoring adverse reactions due to amiodarone.

考虑电-碳价格耦合的低碳需求响应研究

将减排激励信号融入电力市场需求响应机制中,以此引导用户以减排为目标改善用电行为,助力“双碳”目标的实现。基于碳排放流理论设计考虑节点碳势的电-碳耦合价格的低碳需求响应交互机理,将节点碳势信号转化为激励用户进行降碳用电行为的价格信号;设计两阶段模型:第1阶段对源端建模,以发电侧电-碳成本最小为目标,第2阶段对荷端建模,以负荷侧用电-碳排成本和需求响应成本最小为目标,上下层模型通过机组市场出清以及负荷需求量进行交互。改进的IEEE30节点系统的仿真结果表明,基于电-碳价格耦合的低碳需求响应机制能够激励电源侧消纳更多新能源,提供电-碳市场耦合环境下的用户侧环境效益,丰富了现有需求响应机制。

R6G-AAO双峰发射器的能量传递与Fe(III)/Cr(VI)的探测

设计了一种由罗丹明6G(Rhodamine 6G,R6G)和阳极氧化铝(anodised aluminium,AAO)组成的双发射固态探测器(R6G-AAO,RA),通过稳态/瞬态荧光光谱详细探究了R6G与AAO之间的能量传递过程。由于其具有双峰发射,因此,存在自校正效应,可以避免环境因素对探测结果的影响。此外,这种光致发光探测器能够用于检测金属Fe(III)和Cr(VI)两种离子。结果表明,当用RA对Fe(III)进行检测时,检出限较高且具有可重复使用性;用于Cr(VI)检测时,能量传递过程被破坏,其两个发射峰的变化比例不同,展现出了双峰探测器的自校正效应。还进一步阐述了探测器对Fe(III)和Cr(VI)的检测机制。

Using the Dual Energy Gamma-Ray Transmission Technique to Measure Soil Bulk Density and Water Content of Central Southwestern Nigerian Soils

In this work, a radiological technique which simultaneously measures soil bulk density and water contents accurately and quickly in a non-destructive manner at different depths of the soil profile of the major soil series of Central Southwestern Nigeria is developed. Undisturbed samples from Iwo, Ondo, Egbeda, Itagunmodi, Okemessi, Mamu, Origo and Jago soil series of Southwestern Nigeria were collected on monthly intervals from June 2006 to May 2007. Using gamma-ray energy pairs of 122 and 1112 keV;and 344 and 1408 keV obtained from europium-152 (152Eu) radionuclide, the attenuation coefficients for soil and water, μs, μw and consequently ρs and θv at varying soil depths of these series were calculated. Comparative gravimetric measurements of these soil parameters were carried out. Using the XCOM computer algorithm with the soil elemental concentrations obtained using the Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence analysis (EDXRF) technique, theoretical estimates of μs for the various soil series were obtained and compared with the experimental values. The result of the developed dual energy gamma-ray transmission technique was compared with the gravimetric measurement method and Pearson correlation coefficient (0.987, p s and (0.996, p θv. The results of the measurements showed that θv minima with values 0.1931, 0.1987, 0.2377, 0.2111, 0.1738, 0.1701, 0.2334, 0.2341 and minima ρs values of 1.21 g/cm3, 1.20 g/cm3, 1.02 g/cm3, 1.38 g/cm3, 1.12 g/cm3, 1.14 g/cm3, 0.64 g/cm3, 1.33 g/cm3 were obtained respectively for the soil series stated above in January. The maxima θv with values 0.3621, 0.4212, 0.3962, 0.3794, 0.3049, 0.2811, 0.4415, 0.4416 and maxima ρs values of 1.52 g/cm3, 1.67 g/cm3, 1.74 g/cm3, 1.69 g/cm3, 1.70 g/cm3, 1.68 g/cm3, 1.08 g/cm3, 1.54 g/cm3 occurred for these soil series respectively in July except for Mamu soil series which occurred in May. These correlated very well with the occurrence of the Dry and Rainy seasons in the study area. The results of the EDXRF analysis showed that maxima Iron, Fe concentrations of 5.0890 ppm at the depth of 90 - 120 cm into the soil profile, was obtained for Iwo series, 4.4691 ppm at 50 - 70 cm for Ondo, 6.3438 ppm at 15 - 30 cm for Egbeda, 6.6845 ppm at 30 - 50 cm for Itagunmodi, 5.0252 ppm at 90 - 120 cm for Okemessi, 3.4996 ppm at 30 - 50 cm for Mamu, 5.1191 ppm at 50 - 70 cm for Jago and 4.7193 ppm at 90 - 120 cm for Origo. Maxima Potassium, K concentrations of 2.9613 ppm at the depth of 50 - 70 cm, was obtained for Iwo soil series, 2.3315 ppm at 0 - 15 cm for Egbeda, 2.2763 ppm at 70 - 90 cm for Okemessi and 3.3636 ppm at 50 - 70 cm for Mamu. Maxima Ti concentrations of 1.4822 ppm at 0 - 15 cm was obtained for Ondo soil series, 2.5159 ppm at 15 - 30 cm for Egbeda, 1.8690 ppm at 90 - 120 cm for Itagunmodi, 2.2975 ppm at 15-30 cm for Okemessi, 1.6453 ppm at 0 - 15 cm for Jago and 1.0513 ppm at 30 - 50 cm for Origo.

A curve-based material recognition method in MeV dual-energy X-ray imaging system

High-energy dual-energy X-ray digital radiography imaging is mainly used in the material recognition of cargo inspection. We introduce the development history and principle of the technology and describe the data process flow of our system. The system corrects original data to get a dual-energy transparence image. Material categories of all points in the image are identified by the classification curve,which is related to the X-ray energy spectrum. For the calibration of classification curve, our strategy involves a basic curve calibration and a real-time correction devoted to enhancing the classification accuracy. Image segmentation and denoising methods are applied to smooth the image. The image contains more information after colorization. Some results show that our methods achieve the desired effect.

考虑驱油与碳减排双重效益的CCUS-EOR经济性及发展模式分析与探讨

双碳战略目标下,石油石化行业转型的重点、难点在于探寻低成本转型发展路径,这就要求系统研究各项转型技术的发展基础和规模潜力,统筹各项转型技术发展应用时序,形成支撑最优转型路径的技术组合和综合方案。碳捕集、封存与利用(CCUS)的技术成熟度较高,与石油石化产业协同耦合性较好,是石油石化转型的关键技术之一,但成本过高仍是目前阻碍CCUS技术规模化发展的主要问题。分析CCUS的经济性及探讨其发展模式,对于确定未来CCUS产业的发展布局,以及研究CCUS对石油石化行业转型的支撑潜力、石油石化行业的转型路径具有重要作用。为深入分析研究未来CCUS技术的经济性及在石油石化行业转型中的潜力和定位,本研究重点聚焦碳捕集与驱油封存(CCUS-EOR),提出了一套全新的分析研判思路。首先,通过CCUS-EOR的全流程梳理,详细分析介绍了各个环节的成本,包括碳捕集、运输、驱油封存等环节,研判了未来各个环节的成本下降空间。其次,通过对未来油价和碳价的研判,分析了驱油及碳减排带来的经济收益,并进行了成本收益对比。基于CCUS-EOR各环节的成本收益分析结果,本研究进一步对中国未来不同模式下的CCUS-EOR项目进行了全面的经济性评估,涵盖了不同的碳捕集技术、运输方式以及封存策略,揭示了在不同场景下CCUS-EOR项目的盈利能力和可持续发展潜力。研究结果表明,CCUS-EOR的经济性深受碳价、油价、驱油效率等多重因素的影响,其中从中长期来看,碳价的变化对未来CCUS-EOR收益影响较大。在碳价和油价均处于较高水平的情况下,CCUS-EOR项目的盈利空间更大,更具吸引力,同时驱油效率的提升也能显著提高项目的经济收益。当前中国各个项目经济性差异较大,无法完全保证明显盈利,但未来的经济性有较大提升空间。针对未来中国CCUS-EOR的发展,需要突破碳捕集环节的技术瓶颈,重点开发运用燃烧前捕集技术,降低捕集成本,提升捕集效率。此外,还需要优化产业布局,形成源汇匹配的产业集群,实现产业链的协同效应。同时,需积极推动碳交易市场的发展成熟,通过市场机制引导碳减排行为,为CCUS-EOR技术在石油石化行业的推广和应用创造良好的外部环境。

The Light-Dark Dual Universe for the Big Bang and Dark Energy

In the proposed light-dark dual universe, the light universe is the observable universe with light and kinetic energy that fueled the Big Bang, and the dark universe without light and kinetic energy has been observed as dark energy since about 9 billion years after the Big Bang. The light-dark dual universe started from the zero-energy universe through the four-stage cyclic transformation. Emerging from the zero-energy universe, the four-stage transformation consists of the 11D (dimensional) positive-negative energy dual membrane universe, the 10D positive-negative energy dual string universe, the 10D positive-negative energy dual particle universe, and the 4D (light)-variable D (dark) positive-negative energy dual particle asymmetrical universe. The transformation can then be reversed back to the zero-energy universe through the reverse four-stage transformation. The light universe is an observable four-dimensional universe started with the inflation and the Big Bang, and the dark universe is a variable dimensional universe from 10D to 4D. The dark universe could be observed as dark energy only when the dark universe turned into a four-dimensional universe. The four-stage transformation explains the four force fields in our universe. The theoretical calculated percentages of dark energy, dark matter, and baryonic matter are 72.8. 22.7, and 4.53, respectively, in nearly complete agreement with observed 72.8, 22.7, and 4.56, respectively. According to the calculation, dark energy started in 4.47 billion years ago in agreement with the observed 4.71 ± 0.98 billion years ago. The zero-energy cyclic universe is based on the space-object structures.

Dual-doping for enhancing chemical stability of functional anionic units in sulfide for high-performance all-solid-state lithium batteries

The sulfide-based solid-state electrolytes(SEs)reactivity toward moisture and Li-metal are huge barriers that impede their large-scale manufactu ring and applications in all-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs).Herein,we proposed an Al and O dual-doped strategy for Li_(3)PS_(4)SE to regulate the chemical/electrochemical stability of anionic PS_(4)^(3-)tetrahedra to mitigate structural hydrolysis and parasitic reactions at the SE/Li interface.The optimized Li_(3.08)A_(10.04)P_(0.96)S_(3.92)O_(0.08)SE presents the highestσLi+of 3.27 mS cm^(-1),which is~6.8 times higher than the pristine Li_(3)PS_(4)and excellently inhibits the structural hydrolysis for~25 min@25%humidity at RT.DFT calculations confirmed that the enhanced chemical stability was revealed to the intrinsically stable entities,e.g.,POS33-units.Moreover,Li_(3.08)Al_(0.04)P_(0.96)S_(3.92)O_(0.08)SE cycled stably in Li//Li symmetric cell over 1000 h@0.1 mA cm^(-2)/0.1 mA h cm^(-2),could be revealed to Li-Al alloy and Li_(2)Oat SE/Li interface impeding the growth of Li-dendrites during cycling.Resultantly,LNO@LCO/Li_(3.08)Al_(0.04)P_(0.96)S_(3.92)O_(0.08)/Li-In cell delivered initial discharge capacities of 129.8 mA h g^(-1)and 83.74%capacity retention over 300 cycles@0.2 C at RT.Moreover,the Li_(3.08)Al_(0.04)P_(0.96)S_(3.92)O_(0.08)SE presented>90%capacity retention over 200 and 300 cycles when the cell was tested with LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.15)Al_(0.05)O_(2)(NCA)cathode material vs.5 and 10 mg cm^(-2)@RT.

“双碳”目标下石油公司发展CCUS-EGR的思考与建议

有水气藏是中国天然气产量和储量的主体,目前有水气藏见水形势严峻,已成为气藏开发面临的主要矛盾和影响产量、储量的关键因素。在国家“双碳”目标背景下,碳捕集、利用与封存(Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage, CCUS)方兴未艾,初步研究认为,碳捕集、利用与封存—提高天然气采收率(Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage-Enhanced Gas Recovery, CCUS-EGR)是实现有水气藏高效开发利用的极佳探索途径。理论上CCUS-EGR可以解决有水气藏的开发矛盾,同时开创多个层次的有利局面:首先可以达到源头治水的目的,通过补能置换大幅提高气藏采收率;其次可以同步实现封存CO_(2)、解决油藏封存能力不足的问题,助力国家“双碳”目标实现;另外通过碳埋存在市场赚取碳汇,助力石油公司绿色可持续发展。因此,结合气藏开发和国家油气产量、储量工作目标的迫切需求,在“双碳”目标下针对石油公司CCUS-EGR发展策略提出建议:一是加快推进CCUS在天然气开发中的应用研究,规模开展现场先导试验,尽早形成完整的CCUS技术及工程体系;二是积极参与国家CO_(2)法律法规和技术体系建设,营造CCUS发展环境;三是统筹考虑原油和天然气CCUS需求,完善机制体制,致力于打造完整碳产业链,引领中国未来CCUS产业发展。

Correlation analysis of dual-energy CT iodine maps with quantitative pulmonary perfusion MRI

AIM:To correlate dual-energy computed tomography(DECT) pulmonary angiography derived iodine maps with parameter maps of quantitative pulmonary perfusion magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).METHODS:Eighteen patients with pulmonary perfusion defects detected on DECT derived iodine maps were included in this prospective study and additionally underwent time-resolved contrast-enhanced pulmonary MRI [dynamic contrast enhanced(DCE)-MRI].DCE-MRI data were quantitatively analyzed using a pixel-by-pixel deconvolution analysis calculating regional pulmonary blood flow(PBF),pulmonary blood volume(PBV) and mean transit time(MTT) in visually normal lung parenchyma and perfusion defects.Perfusion parameterswere correlated to mean attenuation values of normal lung and perfusion defects on DECT iodine maps.Two readers rated the concordance of perfusion defects in a visual analysis using a 5-point Likert-scale(1 = no correlation,5 = excellent correlation).RESULTS:In visually normal pulmonary tissue mean DECT and MRI values were:22.6 ± 8.3 Hounsfield units(HU);PBF:58.8 ± 36.0 mL/100 mL per minute;PBV:16.6 ± 8.5 mL;MTT:17.1 ± 10.3 s.In areas with restricted perfusion mean DECT and MRI values were:4.0 ± 3.9 HU;PBF:10.3 ± 5.5 mL/100 mL per minute,PBV:5 ± 4 mL,MTT:21.6 ± 14.0 s.The differences between visually normal parenchyma and areas of restricted perfusion were statistically significant for PBF,PBV and DECT(P < 0.0001).No linear correlation was found between MRI perfusion parameters and attenuation values of DECT iodine maps(PBF:r = 0.35,P = 0.15;PBV:r = 0.34,P = 0.16;MTT:r = 0.41,P = 0.08).Visual analysis revealed a moderate correlation between perfusion defects on DECT iodine maps and the parameter maps of DCE-MRI(mean score 3.6,k 0.45).CONCLUSION:There is a moderate visual but not statistically significant correlation between DECT iodine maps and perfusion parameter maps of DCE-MRI.